Radiating unit, base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station. The radiation unit comprises a radiation dielectric plate and two pairs of radiation arms which are arranged on the surface of the radiation dielectric plate and are orthogonally polarized. The balun structure comprises a first balun and a second balun, the first balun comprises a first feed conductor and a first grounding conductor which are arranged in the second direction and electrically connected, and the second balun comprises a second feed conductor and a second grounding conductor which are arranged in the second direction and electrically connected; the switching structure comprises a first connecting line and a switching piece which are arranged on the first surface and a second connecting line arranged on the second surface, and two ends of the first connecting line are respectively connected with the first grounding conductor and the second radiation arm; the second grounding conductor is welded with the switching sheet; one end of the second connecting line is connected with the switching sheet through a metalized via hole, and the other end is connected with the fourth radiation arm. When the balun structure is connected with the radiation arm, the switching operation is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a radiation unit, a base station antenna, and a base station. Background Art

[0002] The radiating element of a conventional base station antenna includes a radiating surface and a balun structure. The radiating surface includes two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms. The balun structure includes a first PCB board and a second PCB board. The first PCB board includes a first dielectric board with a first feeder wire provided on the front and a first grounding wire provided on the back. The second PCB board includes a second dielectric board with a second feeder wire provided on the front and a second grounding wire provided on the back. The first feeder wire and first grounding wire of the first PCB board can be used to feed and ground one pair of radiating arms, while the second feeder wire and second grounding wire of the second PCB board can be used to feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms.

[0003] In the two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms, the two radiating arms in each pair are arranged diagonally along the diagonal of the radiating surface. Therefore, each PCB board needs to be electrically connected to the two diagonally arranged radiating arms. This makes it easy to generate cross interference when the two PCB boards are electrically connected to their respective pairs of radiating arms.

[0004] To avoid cross-interference, radiating units in related art often incorporate various transfer structures, such as adapters and connecting wires, between the PCB and the corresponding radiating arms. These transfer structures are designed with precise positioning and extension directions. Multiple transfers are performed through these transfer structures, achieving electrical connection between the PCB and the corresponding radiating arms while avoiding cross-interference. However, the high number of transfers makes the transfer operation cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station for the radiation unit of the base station antenna in the related technology. When the PCB board of the balun structure is electrically connected to the corresponding radiation arm, multiple transfers need to be performed through the transfer structure, which leads to the problem of cumbersome transfer operations.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a radiation unit, the radiation unit comprising:

[0007] A radiating dielectric plate and two pairs of radiating arms disposed on its surface and having orthogonal polarizations, wherein one pair of radiating arms comprises a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm disposed diagonally, and the other pair of radiating arms comprises a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm disposed diagonally; the radiating dielectric plate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm are disposed on the first surface, and the fourth radiating arm is disposed on the second surface;

[0008] A balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction, the first balun including a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged along a second direction and electrically connected, the first feed conductor being connected to the first radiating arm, the second balun including a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged along the second direction and electrically connected, the second feed conductor being connected to the third radiating arm;

[0009] The adapter structure includes a first connecting line and an adapter plate provided on the first surface and a second connecting line provided on the second surface, wherein the two ends of the first connecting line are electrically connected to the first ground conductor and the second radiation arm respectively; the second ground conductor is welded to the adapter plate; one end of the second connecting line is electrically connected to the adapter plate through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiation arm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second radiating arm is provided on the second surface;

[0011] The transfer structure further includes a coupling line, which is provided on the first surface; along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate, a projection of the coupling line overlaps with a projection of the second radiation arm, so that the coupling line is coupled to the second radiation arm;

[0012] One end of the first connecting line away from the first ground conductor is connected to the coupling line.

[0013] In one embodiment, the coupling line includes a first extension segment, a second extension segment, and a third extension segment, wherein two ends of the second extension segment are respectively connected to one end of the first extension segment and one end of the third extension segment; an extension direction of the second extension segment is parallel to an arrangement direction of the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm;

[0014] Along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate, the projection of the first extension segment, the projection of the second extension segment, and the projection of the third extension segment respectively overlap with the projection of the second radiation arm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second radiating arm has a first conductive segment at one end thereof close to the first radiating arm, the first conductive segment is spaced apart from the second connecting line along a first diagonal direction, and an extension direction of the first conductive segment is parallel to a second diagonal direction;

[0016] The fourth radiation arm has a second conductive segment at one end close to the third radiation arm, the second conductive segment extends in a direction parallel to the first diagonal direction, and the second conductive segment is spaced from the first connecting line along the second diagonal direction;

[0017] The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm.

[0018] In one embodiment, a first notch is provided at one end of the first radiating arm close to the second radiating arm along the first diagonal direction; one end of the first balun is located at the first notch;

[0019] A second notch is provided at one end of the third radiation arm close to the fourth radiation arm along the second diagonal direction; one end of the second balun is located at the second notch;

[0020] The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm.

[0021] In one embodiment, a first groove and a second groove are provided on the radiation dielectric plate;

[0022] One end of the first balun passes through the first slot and extends out of the first surface, and one end of the second balun passes through the second slot and extends out of the first surface.

[0023] In one embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a meandering extension segment on a side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally therewith, the arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position, two ends of the meandering extension segment are respectively connected to two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position, and the meandering extension segment is bent toward the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment.

[0024] An embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiating unit according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein the radiating unit and the phase shifter are respectively located on either side of the reflector; the reflector has an opening; the phase shifter comprises a phase shift cavity, wherein a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other are provided in the phase shift cavity; a first feeding network is provided in the first sub-cavity, and a second feeding network is provided in the second sub-cavity;

[0025] The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are respectively provided with a first notch and a second notch on the cavity wall near the reflector; the input end of the first feed conductor passes through the opening and the first notch and is electrically connected to the first feed network; the input end of the second feed conductor passes through the opening and the second notch and is electrically connected to the second feed network.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plate, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plate. One end of the first sheet metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the first sub-cavity near the reflector. One end of the second sheet metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the second sub-cavity near the reflector.

[0027] The first sheet metal grounding plate is a first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is a second grounding conductor; or the first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor and the first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric board; the second balun includes a second PCB dielectric board, the second feed conductor and the second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric board;

[0029] The first sheet metal ground plate is coupled to the first ground conductor, and the second sheet metal ground plate is coupled to the second ground conductor.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first grounding conductor is a first sheet metal ground plate coupled to the first feed conductor, and the second grounding conductor is a second sheet metal ground plate coupled to the second feed conductor.

[0031] The first feed conductor and the second feed conductor are sheet metal parts, or the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first grounding conductor, and the second feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second grounding conductor.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are laser welded to the phase-shift cavity respectively;

[0033] Alternatively, the first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are coupled to the phase shift cavity respectively;

[0034] Alternatively, the first sheet metal grounding plate, the second sheet metal grounding plate, and the phase shift cavity are an integrally formed structure.

[0035] In one embodiment, the radiation unit includes a metal sheet metal ground plate, the metal sheet metal ground plate having a first end close to the radiation arm and a second end close to the phase shifter, and a separation groove is provided on the metal sheet metal ground plate, which extends from the first end to the second end and does not pass through the second end to form a first sheet metal ground plate and a second sheet metal ground plate separated by the separation groove.

[0036] In one embodiment, the second direction is along the length direction of the phase shifter; and the first direction is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

[0037] An embodiment of the present application provides a base station, comprising an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0038] When connecting the balun structure to the radiating arm in the aforementioned radiating unit, base station antenna, and base station, no additional connection steps are required because the first connecting wire, adapter plate, and second connecting wire can be printed on the radiating dielectric board along with the radiating arm. Instead, the adapter plate and the second connecting wire need only be connected via metallized vias, and finally, the first feed conductor, second feed conductor, first ground conductor, and second ground conductor of the balun structure can be soldered to their corresponding soldering locations, thereby simplifying the connection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment.

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the balun structure.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the balun structure and the radiation arm.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the radiation arm and the radiation dielectric plate.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another view of the structure shown.

[0045] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0047] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the balun structure.

[0048] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection between the balun structure and the radiation arm.

[0049] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of another view of the structure shown.

[0050] Figure 12 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals: 110, radiation dielectric plate; 110a, first slot; 110b, second slot; 111, first surface; 112, second surface;

[0052] 121, first radiating arm; 121a, first notch; 1211, first arc-shaped conductive segment; 1211a, opening position; 1212, first zigzag extension segment; 122, second radiating arm; 1221, first conductive segment; 1222, first right-angled side; 1223, second right-angled side; 123, third radiating arm; 123a, second notch; 124, fourth radiating arm; 1241, second conductive segment; 1242, third right-angled side; 1243, fourth right-angled side;

[0053] 1311, first feed conductor; 1312, first grounding conductor; 1313, first PCB dielectric plate; 1314, first insulating plate; 1321, second feed conductor; 1322, second grounding conductor; 1323, second PCB dielectric plate; 1324, second insulating plate; 133, sheet metal ground plate; 133a, separation groove; 1331, first sheet metal ground plate; 1331a, first bend; 1332, second sheet metal ground plate; 1332a, second bend; 1333, connecting portion;

[0054] 141, first connecting line; 142, adapter; 143, second connecting line; 144, coupling line; 1441, first extension section; 1442, second extension section; 1443, third extension section;

[0055] 151, first pad; 152, second pad; 153, third pad; 154, fourth pad;

[0056] 200, reflector; 201, opening;

[0057] 300 , phase shifter; 301 , first sub-cavity; 301 a , first slot; 302 , second sub-cavity; 302 a , second slot; 310 , first feeding network; 320 , second feeding network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0060] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0061] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0063] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0064] Please combine Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present application provides a radiation unit, which includes: a radiation dielectric plate 110 and two pairs of radiation arms with orthogonal polarizations provided on the surface thereof, a balun structure, and a transition structure.

[0065] One pair of radiating arms is a diagonally arranged first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122, and the other pair of radiating arms is a diagonally arranged third radiating arm 123 and a fourth radiating arm 124. Radiating dielectric plate 110 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to each other. First radiating arm 121 and third radiating arm 123 are disposed on first surface 111, and fourth radiating arm 124 is disposed on second surface 112.

[0066] The balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction. The first balun includes a first feed conductor 1311 and a first ground conductor 1312 arranged and electrically connected along a second direction. The first feed conductor 1311 is connected to the first radiating arm 121. The second balun includes a second feed conductor 1321 and a second ground conductor 1322 arranged and electrically connected along the second direction. The second feed conductor 1321 is connected to the third radiating arm 123. The first direction is the direction of spacing between the first balun and the second balun. The second direction is the direction of arrangement of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, and the direction of arrangement of the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322. The first direction and the second direction may be perpendicular.

[0067] Combine Figures 4 to 6 The transfer structure includes a first connecting line 141 and a transfer plate 142 provided on the first surface 111, and a second connecting line 143 provided on the second surface 112. The two ends of the first connecting line 141 are respectively electrically connected to the first ground conductor 1312 and the second radiating arm 122. The second ground conductor 1322 is soldered to the transfer plate 142. One end of the second connecting line 143 is electrically connected to the transfer plate 142 through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0068] Specifically, the radiating dielectric plate 110 is a PCB dielectric plate, and the two pairs of radiating arms may be radiating circuit layers attached to the radiating dielectric plate 110. The first connecting wire 141, the adapter plate 142, and the second connecting wire 143 may be conductive layers attached to the radiating dielectric plate 110. When manufacturing the radiating unit, the two pairs of radiating arms, the first connecting wire 141, the adapter plate 142, and the second connecting wire 143 may be printed together on the radiating dielectric plate 110.

[0069] Specifically, along the first diagonal direction PP', the first balun is located at an end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122. In this way, the end of the first feed conductor 1311 away from the phase shift cavity 300 is conveniently connected to the end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122. Figure 4 As shown, a first soldering pad 151 may be provided at one end of the first feeding conductor 1311 away from the phase-shifting cavity 300 , and the first soldering pad 151 is soldered to one end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122 .

[0070] The extension direction of the first connection line 141 may be along the first diagonal direction PP', so that one end of the first connection line 141 is conveniently electrically connected to the first ground conductor 1312. Figure 4 As shown, a second pad 152 can be provided at one end of the first ground conductor 1312 away from the phase shift cavity 300, and soldered to one end of the first connecting wire 141 via the second pad 152. The other end of the first connecting wire 141 is connected to the second radiating arm 122. In this way, the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to the first ground conductor 1312 via the first connecting wire 141.

[0071] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the second balun is located at the end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124, so that the end of the second feed conductor 1321 away from the phase shift cavity 300 is conveniently connected to the end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124. Figure 4 As shown, a third pad 153 may be provided at one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 away from the phase-shift cavity 300 , and connected to one end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124 via the third pad 153 .

[0072] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the adapter plate 142 is located at one end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124, so that the adapter plate 142 is conveniently connected to the second ground conductor 1322. Figure 4 As shown, a fourth pad 154 may be provided at one end of the second ground conductor 1322 away from the phase-shift cavity 300 , and the fourth pad 154 may be welded to the adapter plate 142 .

[0073] The second connecting line 143 may extend along the second diagonal direction QQ'. Therefore, along the thickness of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the adapter plate 142 overlaps with one end of the projection of the second connecting line 143, thereby facilitating connection between the adapter plate 142 and one end of the second connecting line 143 via a metallized via. Since the second connecting line 143 extends along the second diagonal direction QQ', the other end of the second connecting line 143 is easily connected to the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0074] The above-described transition structure connects the balun structure to the two pairs of radiating arms. Specifically, one end of first feed conductor 1311 is electrically connected to first radiating arm 121, one end of first ground conductor 1312 is electrically connected to second radiating arm 122, one end of second feed conductor 1321 is electrically connected to third radiating arm 123, and one end of second ground conductor 1322 is electrically connected to fourth radiating arm 124. A feed signal entering first feed conductor 1311 can be fed to first radiating arm 121 and second radiating arm 122, respectively, via first feed conductor 1311 and first ground conductor 1312. First radiating arm 121 and second radiating arm 122 can be grounded via first ground conductor 1312. A feed signal entering second feed network 320 can be fed to third radiating arm 123 and fourth radiating arm 124, respectively, via second feed conductor 1321 and second ground conductor 1322. Third radiating arm 123 and fourth radiating arm 124 can be grounded via second ground conductor 1322.

[0075] When printing the radiating arms on the radiating dielectric plate 110, the first connecting line 141, the adapter plate 142, and the second connecting line 143 included in the adapter structure can be printed simultaneously on the radiating dielectric plate 110. The adapter plate 142 and the second connecting line 143 are then connected through metallized vias. When connecting the balun structure to each radiating arm, the first feed conductor 1311, the second feed conductor 1321, the first ground conductor 1312, and the second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure are soldered at their corresponding soldering locations.

[0076] When connecting the balun structure to the radiating arm in the aforementioned radiating unit, no additional switching is required because the first connecting wire 141, adapter plate 142, and second connecting wire 143 can be printed on the radiating dielectric plate 110 along with the radiating arm. Instead, the adapter plate 142 and second connecting wire 143 are simply connected via metallized vias, and the first feed conductor 1311, second feed conductor 1321, first ground conductor 1312, and second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure are soldered to their corresponding soldering locations. This simplifies the switching process, reduces the number of connections, and simplifies the switching structure, thereby reducing signal transmission losses.

[0077] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is disposed on the second surface 112. The transition structure further includes a coupling line 144 disposed on the first surface 111. Along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the coupling line 144 overlaps with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, thereby coupling the coupling line 144 to the second radiating arm 122. The end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first ground conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144.

[0078] Specifically, the radiation medium plate 110 is a PCB medium plate. When processing the radiation unit, two pairs of radiation arms, the first connecting line 141, the adapter 142, the second connecting line 143, and the coupling line 144 can be printed together on the radiation medium plate 110, and no additional conversion operation is required for the coupling line 144.

[0079] In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is provided on the second surface 112, and the coupling line 144 is provided on the first surface 111. An end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first ground conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144, and the coupling line 144 is coupled to the second radiating arm 122, thereby electrically connecting the end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first radiating arm 121 to the second radiating arm 122.

[0080] Through the electrical connection method between the first connecting line 141 and the second radiating arm 122 of this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 and the fourth radiating arm 124 can be located together on the second surface 112, and the first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 can be located together on the first surface 111, thereby improving the consistency of the indicators of the two pairs of radiating arms.

[0081] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, a first notch 121a is defined at one end of the first radiating arm 121 along the first diagonal direction PP', close to the second radiating arm 122. One end of the first balun is located at the first notch 121a. A second notch 123a is defined at one end of the third radiating arm 123 along the second diagonal direction QQ', close to the fourth radiating arm 124. One end of the second balun is located at the second notch 123a.

[0082] The first diagonal direction PP′ is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122 , and the second diagonal direction QQ′ is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 .

[0083] By providing the first notch 121 a and the second notch 123 a , assembly space can be provided for the first balun and the second balun, while facilitating wiring of the transfer structure.

[0084] Please combine Figures 4 to 6A first slot 110a and a second slot 110b are formed on the radiation dielectric plate 110. One end of the first balun passes through the first slot 110a and extends out of the first surface 111. One end of the second balun passes through the second slot 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0085] Specifically, the first groove 110a and the second groove 110b can be a common groove, or can be understood as being connected to each other to form a single groove. One end of the first balun passes through the first groove 110a and extends out of the first surface 111, while one end of the second balun passes through the second groove 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0086] The first slot 110 a cooperates with the first balun to position the radiating dielectric plate 110 relative to the first balun, and the second slot 110 b cooperates with the second balun to position the radiating dielectric plate 110 relative to the second balun, thereby improving the assembly reliability of the balun structure and the radiating dielectric plate 110.

[0087] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiation arm 122 has a first conductive segment 1221 at one end close to the first radiation arm 121. The first conductive segment 1221 is spaced apart from the second connecting line 143 along the first diagonal direction PP'. The extension direction of the first conductive segment 1221 is parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0088] The fourth radiation arm 124 has a second conductive segment 1241 at one end close to the third radiation arm 123 . The second conductive segment 1241 extends parallel to the first diagonal direction PP′. The second conductive segment 1241 is spaced apart from the first connection line 141 along the second diagonal direction QQ′.

[0089] The first diagonal direction PP′ is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122 , and the second diagonal direction QQ′ is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 .

[0090] Specifically, the second radiating arm 122 includes a first right-angled side 1222 and a second right-angled side 1223, which are perpendicular to each other. The first right-angled side 1222 extends along a first direction (i.e., the spacing between the first and second baluns), while the second right-angled side 1223 extends along a second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312). One end of the first conductive segment 1221 is connected to the first right-angled side 1222, and the other end is connected to the second right-angled side 1223. In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is provided with a first conductive segment 1221 parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ'. The first conductive segment 1221 is spaced apart from the second connecting line 143 along the first diagonal direction PP', thereby preventing interference between the second radiating arm 122 and the second connecting line 143.

[0091] Similarly, the fourth radiating arm 124 includes a third right-angled side 1242 and a fourth right-angled side 1243, which are perpendicular to each other. The third right-angled side 1242 extends along the first direction (i.e., the spacing between the first and second baluns), while the fourth right-angled side 1243 extends along the second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322). One end of the second conductive segment 1241 is connected to the third right-angled side 1242, and the other end is connected to the fourth right-angled side 1243. In this embodiment, the fourth radiating arm 124 is provided with a second conductive segment 1241 parallel to the first diagonal direction PP'. The second conductive segment 1241 is spaced apart from the first connecting line 141 along the second diagonal direction QQ', thereby preventing interference between the fourth radiating arm 124 and the first connecting line 141.

[0092] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, coupling line 144 includes a first extension segment 1441, a second extension segment 1442, and a third extension segment 1443. Two ends of second extension segment 1442 are respectively connected to one end of first extension segment 1441 and one end of third extension segment 1443. Second extension segment 1442 extends in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of third radiating arm 123 and fourth radiating arm 124.

[0093] Along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate 110 , the projection of the first extension section 1441 , the projection of the second extension section 1442 , and the projection of the third extension section 1443 respectively overlap with the projection of the second radiation arm 122 .

[0094] In this embodiment, the coupling line 144 includes a first extension section 1441, a second extension section 1442 and a third extension section 1443. These three extension sections overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, thereby maximizing the coupling area between the coupling line 144 and the second radiating arm 122 and thereby increasing the coupling energy.

[0095] It can be understood that the projection of the first extension segment 1441 overlaps with the projection of the first right-angled side 1222 , the projection of the second extension segment 1442 overlaps with the projection of the first conductive segment 1221 , and the projection of the third extension segment 1443 overlaps with the projection of the second right-angled side 1223 .

[0096] Combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a meandering extension segment on a side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally therewith. The arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position 1211a. The two ends of the meandering extension segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position 1211a, and the meandering extension segment extends in a meandering manner toward the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment.

[0097] Specifically, taking the first radiating arm 121 as an example, the radiating arm arranged diagonally therefrom is the second radiating arm 122. The side of the first radiating arm 121 away from the second radiating arm 122 includes an arcuate conductive segment (a first arcuate conductive segment 1211) and a zigzag extension segment (a first zigzag extension segment 1212). The first arcuate conductive segment 1211 has an opening 1211a. The two ends of the first zigzag extension segment 1212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first arcuate conductive segment 1211 at the opening 1211a. The first zigzag extension segment 1212 zigzags inwardly of the first arcuate conductive segment 1211.

[0098] Combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be understood that the second radiation arm 122 , the third radiation arm 123 , and the fourth radiation arm 124 have arc-shaped conductive segments and meandering extension segments similar to those of the first radiation arm 121 , which will not be described in detail.

[0099] In this embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a meandering extension segment on a side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally therewith. The meandering extension segment causes the corresponding radiating arm to extend in a meandering manner, thereby extending the flow path of the current flowing through the radiating arm and thereby increasing the radiation bandwidth.

[0100] Please combine Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising: a reflector 200, a phase-shifting cavity 300, and a radiating unit according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the radiating unit and the phase-shifting cavity 300 are respectively located on either side of the reflector 200. The reflector 200 has an opening 201. The phase-shifting cavity 300 includes a phase-shifting cavity, wherein a first sub-cavity 301 and a second sub-cavity 302 are separated from each other. A first feeding network 310 is disposed in the first sub-cavity 301, and a second feeding network 320 is disposed in the second sub-cavity 302.

[0101] A first notch 301a and a second notch 302a are respectively provided on the cavity walls of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 on the side near the reflector 200. The input end of the first feed conductor 1311 passes through the opening 201 and the first notch 301a and is electrically connected to the first feed network 310. The input end of the second feed conductor 1321 passes through the opening 201 and the second notch 302a and is electrically connected to the second feed network 320.

[0102] The first feed network 310 can feed a signal to the first feed conductor 1311, and the second feed conductor 1321 can feed a signal to the second feed conductor 1321. The first feed network 310 can be in the form of a sheet metal strip line or a PCB line. The second feed network 320 can be in the form of a sheet metal strip line or a PCB line.

[0103] Combine Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plate 1331, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plate 1332. One end of the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 on the side close to the reflector 200; one end of the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 on the side close to the reflector 200.

[0104] The first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312 , and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322 ; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312 , and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322 .

[0105] In this embodiment, one end of the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the wall of the first sub-cavity 301 on the side closest to the reflector 200. Meanwhile, one end of the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the wall of the second sub-cavity 302 on the side closest to the reflector 200. This allows the balun structure to share a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300. When the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300 share a common ground, the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332 can be directly connected to the phase-shifting cavity 300 without requiring a transfer PCB. This simplifies the connection between the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300 and facilitates completion. Furthermore, electroplating is not required when connecting the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332 to the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0106] Optionally, the metal material used for the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is the same as the metal material used for the phase shift cavity 300, so that the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 can be electrically connected to the phase shift cavity 300 by laser welding, thereby avoiding electroplating.

[0107] Optionally, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 may be coupled to the phase-shifting cavity 300. Specifically, an insulating layer may be provided between the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300, thereby electrically connecting the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 via coupling. An insulating layer may also be provided between the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300, thereby electrically connecting the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 via coupling.

[0108] Optionally, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 , the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 and the phase shift cavity 300 may also be manufactured into an integrally formed structure by machining.

[0109] The first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 can be manufactured by integral sheet metal molding or by machining methods such as die casting. Alternatively, a metal sheet metal grounding plate can be formed by coating a plastic plate with a metal coating, i.e., the metal sheet metal grounding plate is a structure in which a plastic plate is coated with a metal coating.

[0110] The second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 can be manufactured by integral sheet metal molding or by machining methods such as die casting. Alternatively, a metal sheet metal grounding plate can be formed by coating a plastic plate with a metal coating, i.e., the metal sheet metal grounding plate is a structure in which a plastic plate is coated with a metal coating.

[0111] Since the electrical connection operation between the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase shift cavity 300 is simplified and convenient to complete, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase shift cavity 300 can be pre-connected together during production and processing, that is, the balun structure and the phase shift cavity 300 are prefabricated as an integral structure at the production and processing site. Figure 2 As shown, it is easy to assemble the base station antenna later. When the overall structure is actually assembled with the reflector 200, the balun structure of the overall structure can be passed through the opening 201 on the reflector 200 and combined with the balun structure of the overall structure. Figures 1 to 3 The balun structure can be passed through the opening 201 from bottom to top along the ZZ' direction, and then the reflector 200 and the phase shift cavity 300 can be fixed, so that the balun structure, the phase shift cavity 300 and the reflector 200 can be quickly assembled.

[0112] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 has a first bent portion 1331a at one end close to the first sub-cavity 301. The first bent portion 1331a is bent relative to the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 in the thickness direction of the first sheet metal ground plate 1331. The first bent portion 1331a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 close to the reflector 200.

[0113] The second sheet metal ground plate 1332 has a second bent portion 1332a at one end close to the second sub-cavity 302. The second bent portion 1332a is bent relative to the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 in the thickness direction of the second sheet metal ground plate 1332. The second bent portion 1332a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 close to the reflector 200.

[0114] During actual assembly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows the first bent portion 1331a to be laser welded to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground connection between the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the phase shift cavity 300. Similarly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows the second bent portion 1332a to be laser welded to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground connection between the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and the phase shift cavity 300.

[0115] It is understandable that the first bent portion 1331a and the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 are integrally formed and made of the same material. The second bent portion 1332a and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 are integrally formed and made of the same material.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 3 The balun structure includes a metal sheet ground plate 133 having a first end close to the radiation arm and a second end close to the phase shifter. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first end, namely the end of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133, points to the OZ' direction, and the second end, namely the end of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133, points to the OZ direction.

[0117] The metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 is provided with a separation groove 133 a . The separation groove 133 a extends from the first end to the second end but does not pass through the second end to form a first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and a second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 separated by the separation groove 133 a .

[0118] In this embodiment, the sheet metal grounding plate 133 itself is a single integral plate. A dividing groove 133a is defined therein, thereby forming a first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and a second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 separated by the dividing groove 133a. Specifically, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 are located on either side of the dividing groove 133a. Furthermore, because the dividing groove 133a extends from the first end to the second end and does not penetrate the second end, the sheet metal grounding plate 133 remains a single unitary body, i.e., the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 form a one-piece structure. This ensures that the relative positions of the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 are fixed during assembly, facilitating their positioning.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 3 In one embodiment, the two sides of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 along its thickness direction are respectively a first side and a second side, the first bending portion 1331a is bent toward the first side relative to the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331, and the second bending portion 1332a is bent toward the second side relative to the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332.

[0120] Specifically in Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first side of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 is the side of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 facing the OY′ direction, and the second side of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 is the side of the metal sheet metal grounding plate 133 facing the OY direction.

[0121] Since the first bending portion 1331a and the second bending portion 1332a are bent in opposite directions, the first side and the second side of the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 can both be supported on the phase shift cavity 300, which is beneficial to the connection stability between the metal sheet metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300.

[0122] In other embodiments, the first bending portion 1331a and the second bending portion 1332a may both be bent toward the first side, or both be bent toward the second side.

[0123] The thickness of the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332 is along the second direction, and the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332 are arranged along the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; that is, the arrangement direction of the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first and second sheet metal ground plates 1331, 1332. The first direction also represents the spacing between the first and second baluns. The second direction represents the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0124] exist Figures 1 to 3In the illustrated embodiment, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 are separated by the separation groove 133 a , but the two are still an integral structure.

[0125] In other embodiments, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 can be two independent ground plates, that is, they can be separate ground plates. In this way, during assembly, the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 can be assembled separately. The first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 can be two separate and independent PCB dielectric plates. A first insulating member is provided between the first grounding conductor 1312 and the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 to enable coupling connection between the first grounding conductor 1312 and the first sheet metal ground plate 1331. A second insulating member is provided between the second grounding conductor 1322 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 to enable coupling connection between the second grounding conductor 1322 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332.

[0126] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are located on the same side of the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 in the thickness direction.

[0127] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the second surface 112 faces the reflector 200, and the first surface 111 faces away from the reflector 200. One end of the first balun passes through the first slot 110a from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby extending out of the first surface 111. One end of the second balun passes through the second slot 110b from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby extending out of the first surface 111.

[0128] As described in the two cases described in the previous embodiment: the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322; or, the first sheet metal grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second sheet metal grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322. The two cases listed in this paragraph are introduced below.

[0129] Regarding the case where the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312 , and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322 :

[0130] Please combine Figures 1 to 3The first balun includes a first PCB dielectric plate 1313, a first feed conductor 1311, and a first ground conductor 1312, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313. The second balun includes a second PCB dielectric plate 1323, a second feed conductor 1321, and a second ground conductor 1322, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323.

[0131] The two radiating arms in one pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor 1311 and one end of the first grounding conductor 1312. The two radiating arms in the other pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 and one end of the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0132] Specifically, in Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are a common PCB dielectric plate. It can also be understood that the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are an integrally formed structure. In other embodiments, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 can also be two separate PCB dielectric plates.

[0133] Combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, two radiation arms in one pair of radiation arms are a first radiation arm 121 and a second radiation arm 122 diagonally arranged along a first diagonal direction PP'; and two radiation arms in the other pair of radiation arms are a third radiation arm 123 and a fourth radiation arm 124 diagonally arranged along a second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0134] The first radiating arm 121 is electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor 1311, and the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to one end of the first grounding conductor 1312. The third radiating arm 123 is electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor 1321, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is electrically connected to one end of the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0135] Because the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 are conductive lines attached to opposite sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313, they are electrically connected. Thus, after a signal is fed into the first feed conductor 1311 by the first feeding network 310, it can be transmitted to the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 via the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, respectively. Furthermore, because the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 is coupled to the first ground conductor 1312 and shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first ground conductor 1312 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 share a common ground, thereby grounding the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0136] Similarly, because the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322 are conductive lines attached to opposite sides of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323, they are electrically connected. Thus, after the second feed network 320 feeds a signal into the second feed conductor 1321, the signal can be fed to the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124, respectively, via the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322. Furthermore, because the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is coupled to the second ground conductor 1322 and shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the second ground conductor 1322 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 share a common ground, thereby grounding the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322.

[0137] A first insulating layer (or first insulating member) may be provided between first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and first grounding conductor 1312 to achieve a coupled connection between first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and first grounding conductor 1312. A second insulating layer (or second insulating member) may be provided between second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and second grounding conductor 1322 to achieve a coupled connection between second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and second grounding conductor 1322.

[0138] For the case where the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322:

[0139] Please combine Figures 7 to 9 In one embodiment, first sheet metal ground plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312 and is coupled to first feed conductor 1311. Second sheet metal ground plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322 and is coupled to second feed conductor 1321. In other words, first sheet metal ground plate 1331 and first grounding conductor 1312 share the same structure. Second sheet metal ground plate 1332 and second grounding conductor 1322 share the same structure.

[0140] The first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal parts; or, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board 1323 facing away from the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0141] exist Figures 7 to 9In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal components. A first insulating plate 1314 is disposed between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 (first grounding conductor 1312), and a second insulating plate 1324 is disposed between the second feed conductor 1321 and the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 (second grounding conductor 1322). The first insulating plate 1314 and the second insulating plate 1324 can be a common insulating plate, or they can be integrally formed to form a common insulating plate.

[0142] Another embodiment of the present application (specific structure not shown) is Figures 7 to 9 The structures of the illustrated embodiments are essentially the same, differing in that the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric plate and a second PCB dielectric plate. The first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric plate facing away from the first ground conductor 1312 (first sheet metal ground plate 1331), thereby enabling coupling between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312. The second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 facing away from the second ground conductor 1322 (second sheet metal ground plate 1332), thereby enabling coupling between the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322.

[0143] For this embodiment and Figures 7 to 9 In the illustrated embodiment, after the first feeding network 310 feeds a signal into the first feeding conductor 1311, the signal can be fed into the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122, respectively, via the first feeding conductor 1311 and the first grounding conductor 1312 (the first sheet metal ground plate 1331). Furthermore, because the first sheet metal ground plate 1331 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first and second radiating arms 121 and 122 are grounded. Similarly, after the second feeding network 320 feeds a signal into the second feeding conductor 1321, the signal can be fed into the third and fourth radiating arms 123 and 124, respectively, via the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322 (the second sheet metal ground plate 1332). Furthermore, because the second sheet metal ground plate 1332 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the third and fourth radiating arms 123 and 124 are grounded.

[0144] Please combine Figures 10 and 11 I understand. Figures 7 to 9 The connection method between the balun structure and the radiation arm of the embodiment shown is similar to Figures 4 to 6 The connection method between the balun structure and the radiation arm is basically the same, so it will not be described in detail.

[0145] Please combine Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment, the spacing between the first and second baluns is aligned in the same direction as the first and second sub-cavities 301 and 302, i.e., the first direction is along the XX' direction. The first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 are aligned in the same direction as the length of the phase-shifting cavity 300, i.e., the second direction is along the YY' direction. The thickness of the metal sheet ground plate 133 is along the YY' direction. The first and third radiating arms 121 and 123 are aligned in the XX' direction.

[0146] In other embodiments, the spacing arrangement direction (first direction) between the first balun and the second balun may be the same as the length direction of the phase-shift cavity 300 , and the arrangement direction (second direction) between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 may be the same as the arrangement direction between the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 .

[0147] refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments, the metal sheet ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 may be integrally formed, and the first bending portion and the second bending portion may not be provided.

[0148] An embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, comprising an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0149] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0150] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: The radiation unit includes: A radiating dielectric plate and two pairs of radiating arms arranged on its surface and having orthogonal polarizations, wherein one pair of radiating arms is a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged diagonally, and the other pair of radiating arms is a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm arranged diagonally; the radiating dielectric plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm are arranged on the first surface, and the fourth radiating arm is arranged on the second surface; A balun structure, comprising a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction, wherein the first balun comprises a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged along a second direction and electrically connected, the first feed conductor being connected to the first radiating arm, and the second balun comprises a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged along the second direction and electrically connected, the second feed conductor being connected to the third radiating arm; The adapter structure includes a first connecting line and an adapter plate provided on the first surface and a second connecting line provided on the second surface, wherein the two ends of the first connecting line are electrically connected to the first ground conductor and the second radiation arm respectively; the second ground conductor is welded to the adapter plate; one end of the second connecting line is electrically connected to the adapter plate through a metallized via, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiation arm.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The second radiating arm is provided on the second surface; The transfer structure further includes a coupling line, which is provided on the first surface; along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate, a projection of the coupling line overlaps with a projection of the second radiation arm, so that the coupling line is coupled to the second radiation arm; One end of the first connecting line away from the first ground conductor is connected to the coupling line.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that The coupling line includes a first extension segment, a second extension segment, and a third extension segment, wherein two ends of the second extension segment are respectively connected to one end of the first extension segment and one end of the third extension segment; an extension direction of the second extension segment is parallel to an arrangement direction of the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm; Along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate, a projection of the first extension section, a projection of the second extension section, and a projection of the third extension section respectively overlap with a projection of the second radiation arm.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The second radiating arm has a first conductive segment at one end close to the first radiating arm, the first conductive segment is spaced apart from the second connecting line along a first diagonal direction, and an extension direction of the first conductive segment is parallel to a second diagonal direction; The fourth radiation arm has a second conductive segment at one end close to the third radiation arm, the second conductive segment extends in a direction parallel to the first diagonal direction, and the second conductive segment is spaced apart from the first connecting line along the second diagonal direction; The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that A first notch is provided at one end of the first radiating arm close to the second radiating arm along a first diagonal direction; one end of the first balun is located at the first notch; A second notch is provided at one end of the third radiation arm close to the fourth radiation arm along the second diagonal direction; one end of the second balun is located at the second notch; The first diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, and the second diagonal direction is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm. The radiation unit according to claim 1 , wherein: The radiation medium plate is provided with a first groove and a second groove; One end of the first balun passes through the first slot and extends out of the first surface, and one end of the second balun passes through the second slot and extends out of the first surface.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the radiation arms has an arc-shaped conductive segment and a meandering extension segment on a side away from the radiation arm arranged diagonally therewith, the arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position, two ends of the meandering extension segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position, and the meandering extension segment extends in a meandering manner toward the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment.

8. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna comprises a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the radiation unit and the phase shifter are respectively located on both sides of the reflector; The reflector is provided with an opening; the phase shifter includes a phase shift cavity, wherein a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other are provided in the phase shift cavity, a first feeding network is provided in the first sub-cavity, and a second feeding network is provided in the second sub-cavity; The cavity walls of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity on the side close to the reflector are respectively provided with a first notch and a second notch; the input end of the first feed conductor passes through the opening and the first notch and is electrically connected to the first feed network; the input end of the second feed conductor passes through the opening and the second notch and is electrically connected to the second feed network.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The first balun includes a first sheet metal ground plate, and the second balun includes a second sheet metal ground plate. One end of the first sheet metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the first sub-cavity near the reflector. One end of the second sheet metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the second sub-cavity near the reflector. The first sheet metal grounding plate is the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is the second grounding conductor; or the first sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second sheet metal grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor and the first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric board; the second balun includes a second PCB dielectric board, the second feed conductor and the second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric board; The first sheet metal ground plate is coupled to the first ground conductor, and the second sheet metal ground plate is coupled to the second ground conductor.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that The first grounding conductor is a first sheet metal grounding plate coupled to the first feed conductor, and the second grounding conductor is a second sheet metal grounding plate coupled to the second feed conductor; The first feed conductor and the second feed conductor are sheet metal parts; or the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first grounding conductor, and the second feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second grounding conductor.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 9, wherein: The first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are laser welded to the phase-shift cavity respectively; or, The first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate are coupled to the phase shift cavity respectively; Alternatively, the first sheet metal grounding plate, the second sheet metal grounding plate, and the phase shift cavity are an integrally formed structure.

13. The base station antenna according to claim 9, wherein: The radiation unit includes a metal sheet metal ground plate, which has a first end close to the radiation arm and a second end close to the phase shifter. A separation groove is provided on the metal sheet metal ground plate, which extends from the first end to the second end and does not pass through the second end to form the first sheet metal ground plate and the second sheet metal ground plate separated by the separation groove.

14. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The second direction is along the length direction of the phase shifter; and the first direction is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

15. A base station, characterized in that: The invention comprises an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

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