Patch-based dual-port polarization and beam orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a patch-based dual-port polarization and beam orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna, and relates to the technical field of antennas, the antenna comprises a patch, a reference ground, a feed network, a plurality of gaps, a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate; the patch and the reference ground are both sheet metal; the bottom of the first dielectric plate and the top of the second dielectric plate are oppositely arranged in parallel; the patch is arranged at the top of the first dielectric plate and is parallel to the second dielectric plate; the reference ground is arranged at the top of the second dielectric plate, and the feed network is arranged at the bottom of the second dielectric plate; the gaps are arranged on the reference ground. The antenna is simple in structure and low in processing complexity; the design of slot coupling feed is adopted, so that the advantage of increasing the matching bandwidth can be achieved; the antenna can generate orthogonal complementary omnidirectional radiation beams, and has the advantage of high isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna. Background Art

[0002] The antennas in the prior art have problems such as limited matching bandwidth, insufficient isolation and high processing complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna to improve the bandwidth and isolation of the antenna and realize an antenna that is easy to manufacture.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present application proposes an omnidirectional MIMO antenna with dual-port polarization and beam orthogonality based on a patch, the antenna comprising: a patch, a reference ground, a feed network, a plurality of slots, a first dielectric plate, and a second dielectric plate;

[0005] Wherein, the patch and the reference ground are both sheet metal;

[0006] The bottom of the first dielectric plate is arranged opposite to and parallel to the top of the second dielectric plate;

[0007] The patch is arranged on the top of the first dielectric plate, and the patch is parallel to the second dielectric plate;

[0008] The reference ground is arranged on the top of the second dielectric plate, and the feeding network is arranged on the bottom of the second dielectric plate;

[0009] Each of the gaps is arranged on the reference ground.

[0010] In some embodiments, the patch, the reference ground, the first dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate are all circular and their centers are on the same straight line.

[0011] In some embodiments, the area of the patch is smaller than the area of the first dielectric plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the area of the reference ground is the same as the area of the second dielectric plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the feeding network is completely disposed within the bottom area of the second dielectric plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the feed network is provided with two ports;

[0015] Each of the ports is correspondingly connected to four of the slots.

[0016] In some embodiments, a one-to-four power splitter is used as the port.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the one-to-four power splitters is further connected to an SMA connector.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel to each other and the distance between them is a preset fixed value.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are respectively provided with openings;

[0020] The antenna further includes a supporting structure; the supporting structure connects the opening on the first dielectric plate and the opening on the second dielectric plate, so that the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel and the distance between them is the preset fixed value.

[0021] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The antenna of the present application includes a patch, a reference ground, a feed network, multiple slots, a first dielectric plate, and a second dielectric plate. The patch and the reference ground are both sheet metal. The bottom of the first dielectric plate is positioned opposite and parallel to the top of the second dielectric plate. The patch is positioned on top of the first dielectric plate, parallel to the second dielectric plate. The reference ground is positioned on top of the second dielectric plate, and the feed network is positioned on the bottom of the second dielectric plate. Each slot is positioned above the reference ground. The antenna of the present application has a simple structure and low processing complexity. The slot-coupled feed design provides an advantage of increased matching bandwidth. The antenna of the present application can generate orthogonal, complementary, omnidirectional radiation beams, offering the advantage of high isolation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A four-port stacked patch antenna for MIMO scenarios provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an example structural diagram of a circular patch TM21 mode dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3A side view of a dual-port omnidirectional MIMO antenna with polarization and beam orthogonality based on a circular patch TM21 mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A perspective view of the second dielectric plate of the circular patch TM21 mode dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A reflection coefficient diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 Isolation diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 The directional pattern of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the θ=35° plane under excitation of port 1;

[0031] Figure 8 The directional pattern of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the θ=35° plane under excitation of port 2;

[0032] Figure 9 The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is excited at port 1. Direction map on the surface;

[0033] Figure 10 The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is excited at port 2. Direction map on the surface;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a peak gain diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1 is a patch, 2 is a reference ground, 3 is a feeding network, 4 is a gap on the reference ground, 5 is a first dielectric plate, and 6 is a second dielectric plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0037] It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0038] The terms "at least one", "plurality", "each", "any", etc. used in this application include "at least one", "two" or more, "plurality" or "each", "any" or "any one", "each" or "any one" in the context of the present invention, and "at least one" or "at least one" includes one, two or more, "plurality" or "any one" includes two or more, "each" or "each one" in the context of the present invention, and "any" or "any one

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0040] Before describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, some of the related technologies involved in the embodiments of the present application are first described as follows:

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Related Technology 1 proposes a four-port stacked patch antenna for MIMO scenarios. The stacked patch antenna proposed in Related Technology 1 consists of two microstrip patches printed on upper and lower dielectric plates. By exciting the resonant mode on the lower patch, four different radiation modes are achieved. Two of the radiation modes are normal radiation corresponding to the TM11 mode of the circular patch, and the polarizations of these two radiation modes are orthogonal. The other two radiation modes are omnidirectional radiation corresponding to the TM21 mode of the circular patch, and the polarizations of these two radiation modes are orthogonal. The proposed antenna operates in the 2.6GHz band, with a simulated matching bandwidth of 7.3% for each port, a measured matching bandwidth of 6.5%, and an isolation between ports greater than 24.5dB.

[0042] The antenna design proposed in Related Art 1 can increase the matching bandwidth of the microstrip antenna's TM21 mode, but this mode's matching bandwidth still has room for further expansion, thereby covering a wider frequency range. Furthermore, the antenna's minimum isolation within the operating frequency band is 24.5dB, and further improvement is possible. This antenna uses a coaxial feed method, which requires drilling and soldering the dielectric plate during fabrication, making it quite complex.

[0043] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna based on a patch. Figure 2 This is an example of an antenna structure diagram provided for this application.

[0044] The antenna of the embodiment of the present application includes: a patch, a reference ground, a feeding network, a plurality of slots, a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate;

[0045] Wherein, the patch and the reference ground are both sheet metal;

[0046] The bottom of the first dielectric plate is arranged opposite to and parallel to the top of the second dielectric plate;

[0047] The patch is arranged on the top of the first dielectric plate, and the patch is parallel to the second dielectric plate;

[0048] The reference ground is arranged on the top of the second dielectric plate, and the feeding network is arranged on the bottom of the second dielectric plate;

[0049] Each of the gaps is arranged on the reference ground.

[0050] Optionally, the patch, the reference ground, the first dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate are all circular, and the centers of the circles are on the same straight line.

[0051] Optionally, the area of the patch is smaller than the area of the first dielectric plate.

[0052] Optionally, the area of the reference ground is the same as the area of the second dielectric plate.

[0053] Optionally, the feeding network is completely disposed within the bottom range of the second dielectric plate.

[0054] Optionally, the feed network is provided with two ports;

[0055] Each of the ports is correspondingly connected to four of the slots.

[0056] Optionally, a one-to-four power splitter is used as the port.

[0057] Optionally, each of the one-to-four power splitters is further connected to an SMA connector.

[0058] Optionally, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel to each other and the distance between them is a preset fixed value.

[0059] Optionally, the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are respectively provided with openings;

[0060] The antenna further includes a supporting structure; the supporting structure connects the opening on the first dielectric plate and the opening on the second dielectric plate, so that the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel and the distance between them is the preset fixed value.

[0061] Next, the solution of the embodiment of the present application will be introduced and explained in detail with reference to specific application examples.

[0062] The purpose of this embodiment is to address the problems of limited matching bandwidth, insufficient isolation and high processing complexity in the prior art, and to provide an orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna with dual-port polarization and beam based on a circular patch TM21 mode. The antenna has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high isolation and easy processing.

[0063] Still refer to Figure 2 , the technical solution of this embodiment is as follows:

[0064] 1. The two-port structure generates a four-beam vertically polarized radiation beam and a four-beam horizontally polarized radiation beam when each port is excited. These two orthogonal beams combine to form an omnidirectional radiation beam in the azimuth plane. The beams generated by the two ports differ by 45 degrees in the azimuth plane, achieving high isolation.

[0065] 2. Based on the uniform slot-coupled feed network, wide matching bandwidth is achieved and a simple processing method is provided.

[0066] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A side view of the antenna shown, Figure 4 for Figure 2 A perspective view of the antenna shown.

[0067] For example, Figure 2 The various parameters in the description are: R is the patch radius, the value is 47mm, R sub is the radius of the dielectric plate, which is 69 mm, h is the distance between the upper and lower dielectric plates, which is 8 mm, and W s For reference, the width of the gap on the ground is 6.5mm, L s The width of the gap on the ground is 18mm. s The distance between the ground gap and the center of the dielectric plate is 28 mm. The above values are the result of simulation optimization. Different data combinations can be used according to specific needs during the specific implementation process.

[0068] Beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0069] 1. Due to the two-port structure, and both ports operate in the circular patch TM21 mode, the generated beams are rotated 45 degrees and overlapped, which can generate two sets of orthogonal complementary omnidirectional radiation beams in the azimuth plane, with the advantage of high isolation.

[0070] 2. Due to the slot-coupled feeding design, the matching bandwidth is increased.

[0071] 3. Due to the use of a one-to-four power divider structure, it brings the advantage of uniform azimuth plane radiation pattern.

[0072] More specifically, this embodiment can be implemented through the following specific implementation methods:

[0073] Still refer to Figure 2 The antenna adopts a double-layer dielectric plate design with a relative dielectric constant of 4.38, a loss tangent of 0.005, and a thickness of 1mm. The two layers of dielectric plates are evenly opened at appropriate positions, and the structure is fixed by nylon columns. The circular patch is printed on the top of the upper dielectric plate. A layer of metal is printed on the top of the lower dielectric plate as a reference, and 8 square slots are added to this layer of metal that are symmetrical and evenly distributed along the center of the circle. The feed network of the antenna is printed on the bottom of the lower dielectric plate, including two one-to-four power dividers as ports, and each port is connected to an SMA connector.

[0074] When port 1 is excited, the one-to-four power splitter couples energy to the radiating circular patch through four evenly spaced slots, exciting the patch's TM21 mode. The circular patch's TM21 mode generates four vertically polarized radiation beams in the azimuth plane (with main radiation angles at φ = 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°) and one horizontally polarized radiation beam (with main radiation angles at φ = 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°). These two orthogonal beams are staggered at 45 degrees in the horizontal plane, forming an orthogonal and complementary relationship. When superimposed, they form a single, omnidirectional, total radiation beam. When port 2 is excited, energy is coupled to the circular patch through another set of four evenly distributed slots, generating a four-beam vertically polarized radiation beam in the azimuth plane (with main radiation angles at φ = 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°) and a four-beam horizontally polarized radiation beam (with main radiation angles at φ = 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°). Similarly, these beams, when superimposed in the azimuth plane, form a total omnidirectional radiation beam. By varying the feed energy and phase of the two ports, two sets of four-beam orthogonal radiation beams with different angles can be generated.

[0075] Taking the 2.4 GHz frequency band as an example, simulation optimization was performed in the electromagnetic simulation software (HFSS). By adjusting the antenna parameters in the example, the antenna can operate in other frequency bands.

[0076] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a reflection coefficient diagram of this embodiment. The antenna has a matching bandwidth of about 10%.

[0077] Figure 6 This is the isolation diagram of this embodiment. The antenna has an isolation greater than 35dB in this frequency band.

[0078] Figure 7This is the directional pattern of this embodiment on the θ=35° plane under the excitation of port 1, generating a four-beam vertically polarized radiation beam (the main radiation angle is φ=0°, 90°, 180°, 270°) and a four-beam horizontally polarized radiation beam (the main radiation angle is φ=45°, 135°, 225°, 315°) on this azimuth plane. These two orthogonal beams are superimposed to form an omnidirectional radiation beam.

[0079] Figure 8 This is the directional pattern of this embodiment on the θ=35° plane under the excitation of port 2, generating a four-beam vertically polarized radiation beam (the main radiation angles are φ=45°, 135°, 225°, 315°) and a four-beam horizontally polarized radiation beam (the main radiation angles are φ=0°, 90°, 180°, 270°) on this azimuth plane. These two orthogonal beams are superimposed to form an omnidirectional radiation beam.

[0080] Figure 9 This embodiment is stimulated by port 1. The radiation beam on this vertical plane is horizontally polarized.

[0081] Figure 10 This embodiment is stimulated by port 2. The radiation beam on this vertical plane is vertically polarized.

[0082] Figure 11 This is the peak gain diagram of port 1 under intense conditions in this embodiment, and the gain can reach 6.5dBi.

[0083] The embodiments described in the embodiments of this application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer structures than shown in the drawings, or a combination of certain structures, or different structures.

[0085] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0086] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0087] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A patch-based dual-port omnidirectional MIMO antenna with polarization and beam orthogonality, characterized by: The antenna comprises: a patch, a reference ground, a feed network, a plurality of slots, a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate; Wherein, the patch and the reference ground are both sheet metal; The bottom of the first dielectric plate is arranged opposite to and parallel to the top of the second dielectric plate; The patch is arranged on the top of the first dielectric plate, and the patch is parallel to the second dielectric plate; The reference ground is arranged on the top of the second dielectric plate, and the feeding network is arranged on the bottom of the second dielectric plate; Each of the gaps is arranged on the reference ground.

2. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patch, the reference ground, the first dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate are all circular, and the centers of the circles are on the same straight line.

3. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of the patch is smaller than the area of the first dielectric plate.

4. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of the reference ground is the same as the area of the second dielectric plate.

5. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network is completely disposed within the bottom area of the second dielectric plate.

6. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed network is provided with two ports; Each of the ports is correspondingly connected to four of the slots.

7. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: A one-to-four power splitter is used as the port.

8. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the one-to-four power dividers is also connected to an SMA connector.

9. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel to each other and the distance between them is a preset fixed value.

10. The patch-based dual-port polarization and beam-orthogonal omnidirectional MIMO antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are respectively provided with openings; The antenna further includes a supporting structure; the supporting structure connects the opening on the first dielectric plate and the opening on the second dielectric plate, so that the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are arranged relatively parallel and the distance between them is the preset fixed value.

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