Connector female seat, connector male head and connector

Abstract

The invention provides a connector female seat, a connector male head and a connector. The connector female seat comprises a shell and an elastic sheet. The elastic sheet adopts the design of an inverted U-shaped main body part, and elastic contact part structures are arranged in clearance grooves symmetrically formed in the middle of the elastic sheet and comprise a first elastic contact part obliquely extending from the upper part and second elastic contact parts symmetrically distributed on the two sides. After the male head is inserted, three stable contact points distributed in a triangular shape can be formed: firstly, the three-point contact design enables the current distribution to be more uniform, and the contact resistance can be reduced; secondly, the gradual contact mode not only ensures lower plugging force, but also maintains enough contact pressure; in addition, the triangular contact layout remarkably improves the vibration resistance, and fretting wear is effectively restrained; and finally, through the interference fit fixing mode of the elastic sheet, the plugging service life of the product is long. The design is suitable for a large-current application scene of a new energy automobile, and assembly convenience is taken into account while high reliability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of connectors, and in particular to a female connector, a male connector, and a connector. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing electrification of automobiles, the reliability and stability of high-current connectors have become critical requirements. Traditional high-current connector receptacles typically utilize a simple spring-loaded design, mating with male connectors through a single point of contact or linear contact. However, this design can easily lead to increased contact resistance, excessive temperature rise, and even poor contact under high-current load conditions, compromising the reliability and safety of electrical connections.

[0003] In the prior art, some connector sockets attempt to improve the conductive performance by increasing the elasticity or contact area of the spring, but the following deficiencies still exist:

[0004] (1) Single-point or linear contact methods are prone to micro-wear in a vibrating environment, resulting in fluctuations in contact resistance. Long-term use may cause connection failure.

[0005] (2) Traditional spring clip designs make it difficult to achieve uniform contact at multiple points, and local current concentration may cause overheating and reduce the life of the connector.

[0006] (3) To ensure contact reliability, the contact pressure of the spring needs to be increased, but excessive insertion and removal force will increase the difficulty of user operation and even damage the connector. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides a new connector socket structure that can achieve multi-point stable contact by optimizing the distribution and matching method of the spring contact points while ensuring low insertion and extraction force, thereby improving the reliability and durability of large current transmission.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A connector female socket, used for connecting high-current in automobiles, includes a shell and a spring clip, the spring clip is fixed in the shell by interference fit, the spring clip includes a main body, the main body is in an inverted U shape, the upper part of the main body is provided with a first socket, the middle part of the main body is symmetrically provided with a space-avoiding groove, each of the space-avoiding grooves is provided with an elastic contact part; the elastic contact part includes a first elastic contact part and a second elastic contact part, the second elastic contact part is symmetrically provided on both sides of the first elastic contact part, the upper end of the second elastic contact part is connected to the upper side wall of the space-avoiding groove, the first elastic contact part is provided with a second elastic contact part, and the second elastic contact part is symmetrically provided on both sides of the first elastic contact part. The lower end parts of the two elastic contact parts are connected to the lower side wall of the air avoidance groove, the middle part of the second elastic contact part is a second contact protrusion bent inward, the first elastic contact part extends obliquely downward from the upper side wall of the air avoidance groove, and the lower end part of the first elastic contact part is a first contact protrusion bent inward; the second contact protrusion is offset upward by 0.2 to 0.4 mm relative to the first contact protrusion in the direction of male head insertion; the first contact protrusion and the two second contact protrusions form three contact points in the front and back after the male head of the connector is inserted, and the three contact points are distributed in a triangular shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the elastic contact portion is 0.75 to 1.5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, guide pieces are respectively provided on both sides of the first socket.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting groove for installing the spring sheet is provided in the shell, and a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove are respectively provided on the side walls of the mounting groove. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are symmetrically arranged front to back, and the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are used to fix the two side edges of the main body of the spring sheet.

[0013] Furthermore, a second socket is provided at the upper end of the shell corresponding to the first socket, and a first guide surface inclined inward is provided around the second socket.

[0014] Furthermore, heat dissipation grooves are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the shell.

[0015] The present application also proposes a male connector, comprising a blade, a plastic core, and a second PCB board, wherein one end of the blade is mounted on the second PCB board through the plastic core.

[0016] Furthermore, the inserting blade is provided with a limiting protrusion at the connection between the inserting blade and the rubber core.

[0017] Furthermore, the plug end of the insert blade is provided with a first inclined guide surface and a second inclined guide surface.

[0018] The present application also proposes a connector, comprising a female connector and a male connector, wherein the male connector can be electrically connected to an elastic contact portion of the female connector via an insert blade.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0020] (1) This application forms three contact points in the front and back of the male connector after insertion through the cooperation of the first contact protrusion and the two second contact protrusions, forming a triangular distribution. This multi-point contact design effectively increases the conductive area, makes the current distribution more uniform, significantly reduces contact resistance, reduces heat generation, and improves the stability of high current transmission.

[0021] (2) The first elastic contact portion of the present application adopts a structure that extends downward at an angle, and a first contact protrusion is provided at the end to provide the main contact pressure; the second elastic contact portion is symmetrically distributed on both sides, and its second contact protrusion is offset upward by 0.2 to 0.4 mm relative to the first contact protrusion in the direction of male plug insertion, forming a progressive contact, making the plugging and unplugging process smoother, while avoiding single-point stress concentration and extending the life of the spring piece.

[0022] (3) The three contact points of the present application are arranged in a triangular shape, which can support each other in a vibration environment, reduce the relative displacement of the contact surface, effectively suppress micro-wear, and ensure electrical stability during long-term use. It is especially suitable for application scenarios with high-frequency vibration such as automobiles.

[0023] (4) The present application optimizes the deformation of the spring while ensuring sufficient contact pressure through the synergistic effect of the first elastic contact portion and the second elastic contact portion, so that the plugging and unplugging force is moderate, thereby avoiding poor contact due to insufficient pressure and preventing operational difficulties or connector damage due to excessive plugging and unplugging force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a connector provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connector housing and the spring element after separation provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a spring provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a housing provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5Cross-sectional view at CC;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a connector socket provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at BB;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a male connector provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 100, female connector; 200, male connector;

[0036] 110, housing; 120, spring; 130, first PCB board;

[0037] 121. Main body; 122. First socket; 123. Air-avoiding groove; 124. Elastic contact portion; 125. Pin portion; 126. Guide piece;

[0038] 1241, first elastic contact portion; 1242, second elastic contact portion; 1243, second contact protrusion; 1244, first contact protrusion; 1245, first silver coating;

[0039] 111, mounting slot; 112, first limiting slot; 113, second limiting slot; 114, first flared opening; 115, second flared opening; 116, second guide surface; 117, second socket; 118, first guide surface; 119, heat dissipation slot; 1101, first foolproof positioning column;

[0040] 131. First foolproof positioning hole;

[0041] 210, insert blade; 220, plastic core; 230, second PCB board;

[0042] 211, limiting protrusion; 212, first inclined guide surface; 213, second inclined guide surface; 214, second silver-plated layer; 221, second fool-proof positioning column; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain the present application and are not configured to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating the examples of the present application.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0045] It should be understood that when describing the structure of a component, when a layer or a region is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer or region, it may mean that it is directly on the other layer or region, or that other layers or regions are included between it and the other layer or region. Furthermore, if the component is turned over, the layer or region will be "below" or "beneath" the other layer or region.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless there is any conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a connector includes a female connector 100 and a male connector 200. The female connector 100 is mounted on a first PCB board 130, and the male connector 200 is mounted on a second PCB board 230. The male connector 200 can be electrically connected to the elastic contact portion 124 of the female connector 100 via an insert blade 210.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, a connector female socket 100 is used for connecting large currents in automobiles, and includes a shell 110 and a spring 120. The spring 120 is fixed in the shell 110 by interference fit.

[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the spring piece 120 includes a main body 121, the main body 121 is in an inverted U shape, the upper part of the main body 121 is provided with a first socket 122, the middle part of the main body 121 is symmetrically provided with an air avoidance groove 123, and each air avoidance groove 123 is provided with an elastic contact portion 124; the elastic contact portion includes a first elastic contact portion 1241 and a second elastic contact portion 1242, the second elastic contact portion 1242 is symmetrically provided on both sides of the first elastic contact portion 1241, the upper end portion of the second elastic contact portion 1242 is connected to the upper side wall S1 of the air avoidance groove 123, and the lower end portion of the second elastic contact portion 1242 is connected to the lower side wall S1 of the air avoidance groove 123. The side wall S2 is connected, the middle part of the second elastic contact portion 1242 is a second contact protrusion 1243 bent inwardly, the first elastic contact portion 1241 extends obliquely downward from the upper side wall of the avoidance groove 123, and the lower end part of the first elastic contact portion 1241 is a first contact protrusion 1244 bent inwardly; the second contact protrusion 1243 is offset upward by 0.2 to 0.4 mm relative to the first contact protrusion 1244 in the male head insertion direction Q; the first contact protrusion 1244 and the two second contact protrusions 1243 form three contact points in the front and back after the connector male head 200 is inserted, and the three contact points are distributed in a triangular shape.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first elastic contact portion 1241 serves as the primary contact point. Its downwardly extending structure makes initial contact and generates initial contact pressure during male insertion. The second elastic contact portion 1242 serves as an auxiliary contact point. Because its contact projection is offset by 0.2-0.4mm in the insertion direction, it makes contact before the primary contact point. This phased contact design achieves progressive contact pressure distribution, ensuring both smooth initial insertion and a secure connection after full insertion.

[0051] In this embodiment, the three contact points are arranged in a stable triangle to form a geometrically stable contact surface; the first contact protrusion 1244 serves as the vertex, and the two second contact protrusions 1243 serve as the bottom edge fulcrums to form a mechanically balanced structure; this layout makes the contact force evenly distributed, avoids single-point overload, and at the same time improves the ability to resist vibration and micro-wear.

[0052] In this embodiment, the inverted U-shaped main body 121 provides a low-impedance main current path. The three contact points form a parallel conductive path, effectively reducing the overall contact resistance. The symmetrically distributed contact points ensure uniform current distribution and avoid local overheating.

[0053] The design of the air avoidance groove 123 provides the necessary deformation space for the elastic contact part. The coordinated deformation of the first and second elastic contact parts 1242 can effectively absorb the mechanical stress during the plugging and unplugging process. The curved structure of the contact protrusion enhances the elastic recovery force, ensuring that stable contact pressure can be maintained after long-term use.

[0054] The spatial layout of the triangular contact points can restrain each other's displacement under vibration; the elastic deformation directions of each contact point are complementary, forming a self-stabilizing system; the multi-point contact design ensures that even if one contact point is momentarily detached, the other contact points can still maintain conductive continuity.

[0055] In one embodiment, the spring 120 is made of a copper alloy. Copper alloys (such as phosphor bronze and beryllium copper) have high electrical conductivity, which can significantly reduce contact resistance, reduce energy loss and heat generation during high current transmission, and are suitable for high current scenarios in automobiles.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the thickness H1 of the elastic contact portion is 0.75 to 1.5 mm. Excessively thin elastic sheets (e.g., 0.5 mm) are prone to plastic deformation after repeated insertion and removal, resulting in a contact pressure decay rate exceeding 30%, and the service life may be sharply reduced from 1500 cycles to less than 300 cycles. When the thickness increases to 2.0 mm, the insertion and removal force may exceed 60 N (exceeding the ergonomic limit of 50 N), resulting in assembly difficulties or mechanical damage to the connector.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, a pin portion 125 is provided at the lower portion of the spring 120 , and the pin portion 125 is used to be mounted on the first PCB board.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, guide pieces 126 are provided on both sides of the first socket 122. The guide pieces 126 form a funnel-shaped guiding structure, providing physical stops at the initial insertion of the male plug, preventing oblique insertion or deviation, and ensuring accurate contact point alignment.

[0059] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a mounting slot 111 for mounting a spring clip 120 is provided within the housing 110. A first limiting slot 112 and a second limiting slot 113 are respectively provided on the side walls of the mounting slot 111. The first limiting slot 112 and the second limiting slot 113 are symmetrically arranged front-to-back. The first limiting slot 112 and the second limiting slot 113 are used to fix the two sides of the main body 121 of the spring clip 120. The lower end of the first limiting slot 112 is provided with a first flared opening 114, and the lower end of the second limiting slot 113 is provided with a second flared opening 115. Second guide surfaces 116 are respectively provided on the left and right walls of the mounting slot 111. The front-to-back symmetrical first limiting slot 112 and the second limiting slot 113 constrain the two sides of the main body 121 of the spring clip 120, preventing the spring clip 120 from shifting forward or backward.

[0060] The first flared opening 114 and the second flared opening 115 form a trumpet-shaped entrance, which automatically adjusts the position when the spring piece 120 is pressed in, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembly.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, a second socket 117 is provided at the upper end of the housing 110, corresponding to the first socket 122. The second socket 117 communicates with the mounting slot 111. Second socket 117 is surrounded by first, inwardly inclined guide surfaces 118. First guide surfaces 118 form a funnel-shaped entrance, providing rough positioning during the initial insertion of the male connector. Even a ±1mm positional deviation can be automatically corrected by sliding on the inclined surface.

[0062] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, heat dissipation slots 119 are respectively provided on both sides of the housing 110 , and the heat dissipation slots 119 correspond to the first elastic contact portion 1241 and the second elastic contact portion 1242 of the elastic piece 120 .

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, a first fool-proof positioning column 1101 is provided at the bottom of the housing 110 , corresponding to the first fool-proof positioning hole 131 of the first PCB board 130 .

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the main body 121 of the spring 120 has a first contact area, and the first contact area is plated with a first silver coating 1245. The first silver coating has the lowest electrical resistance of all metals, reducing the contact resistance to below 0.18mΩ (64% lower than without coating). The temperature rise is significantly reduced during high current transmission, avoiding the risk of overheating. The first silver coating isolates the copper alloy substrate from the air. In harsh environments, the contact resistance change rate is less than 5% after 1000 hours. Local selective electroplating (covering only the first contact area 1245) reduces costs by 30%.

[0065] like Figure 10 As shown, the present application also proposes a connector male head 200 , comprising an insert blade 210 , a plastic core 220 and a second PCB board 230 , wherein one end of the insert blade 210 is mounted on the second PCB board 230 through the plastic core 220 .

[0066] like Figure 10 As shown, a limiting protrusion 211 is provided at the connection between the insert blade 210 and the rubber core 220. The width H2 of the insert blade 210 is 3 to 5 mm, and the thickness H3 is 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The width of the insert blade 210 is 4 mm, and the thickness is 0.8 mm.

[0067] In one embodiment, the plug end of the insert blade 210 is provided with a first inclined guide surface 212 and a second inclined guide surface 213 to automatically correct the position during insertion.

[0068] In one embodiment, a second silver layer 214 is plated on the second contact area between the insert blade 210 and the spring 120 to reduce the contact resistance.

[0069] In one embodiment, a second foolproof positioning column 221 is provided at the bottom of the rubber core 220, and a second foolproof positioning hole is correspondingly provided on the first PCB board 130 to ensure that the male connector and the PCB board are assembled in a unique direction (to prevent wrong insertion).

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or an interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on specific circumstances.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, any device or element referred to or implied must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of the embodiments of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein, for example, can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "may include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatus.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the various embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A female connector for connecting high current in automobiles, characterized by: It includes a shell and a spring, wherein the spring is fixed in the shell by interference fit. The spring piece includes a main body, the main body is in an inverted U shape, the upper part of the main body is provided with a first socket, the middle part of the main body is symmetrically provided with air-avoiding grooves, and each of the air-avoiding grooves is provided with an elastic contact portion; The elastic contact portion includes a first elastic contact portion and a second elastic contact portion, the second elastic contact portions are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first elastic contact portion, the upper end portion of the second elastic contact portion is connected to the upper side wall of the air avoidance groove, and the lower end portion of the second elastic contact portion is connected to the lower side wall of the air avoidance groove, the middle portion of the second elastic contact portion is a second contact protrusion bent inwardly, the first elastic contact portion extends obliquely downward from the upper side wall of the air avoidance groove, and the lower end portion of the first elastic contact portion is a first contact protrusion bent inwardly; The second contact protrusion is offset upward by 0.2 to 0.4 mm relative to the first contact protrusion in the male plug insertion direction; The first contact protrusion and the two second contact protrusions form three contact points at the front and back respectively after the male connector is inserted, and the three contact points are distributed in a triangle shape.

2. A connector female socket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the elastic contact portion is 0.75 to 1.5 mm.

3. The connector female socket according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide pieces are respectively provided on both sides of the first socket.

4. The connector female socket according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation groove for installing the spring sheet is provided in the shell, and a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove are respectively provided on the side walls of the installation groove. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are symmetrically arranged front to back, and the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are used to fix the two side edges of the main body of the spring sheet.

5. The connector female socket according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second socket is provided at the upper end of the shell corresponding to the first socket, and first guide surfaces inclined inwards are provided around the second socket.

6. The connector female socket according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat dissipation slots are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the shell.

7. A male connector, characterized in that: The utility model comprises an inserting blade, a plastic core and a second PCB board, wherein one end of the inserting blade is mounted on the second PCB board through the plastic core.

8. The connector male head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inserting blade is provided with a limiting protrusion at the connection position with the rubber core.

9. The connector male head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plug end of the insert blade is provided with a first inclined guide surface and a second inclined guide surface.

10. A connector, characterized in that: It comprises the connector female seat as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 and the connector male head as described in any one of claims 7 to 9, and the connector male head can be electrically connected to the elastic contact part of the connector female seat through the insert blade.

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