110GHz radio frequency coaxial connector and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and discloses a 110GHz radio frequency coaxial connector and a manufacturing method, the 110GHz radio frequency coaxial connector comprises a connector plug and a connector jack, and the connector plug is matched with the connector jack; the connector plug and the connector jack are fixedly provided with inner conductors through the pair of supporting pieces, one end of each of the two inner conductors is connected with an external cable, and the opposite ends of the two inner conductors are connected; the two ends, provided with the supporting pieces, of the inner conductor form a step-shaped structure, and the connector plug and the inner wall of the connector jack are matched with the step-shaped structure. The connector has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to assemble, high in coaxiality of the inner conductor and the outer conductor, low in voltage standing-wave ratio and wide in frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and in particular to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electrical connectors are key components for the transmission and control of electrical signals and for electrical connections between electronic and electrical equipment.

[0003] Key electrical components are widely used in electronics, communications, energy, aerospace and other fields. Their performance is directly related to

[0004] Affects the reliability of the system. According to statistics, 70% of the failure or malfunction of various systems is caused by the failure or failure of components, and 40% of these are caused by the failure of electrical connectors. Electrical connectors are recognized at home and abroad as one of the four components with poor reliability. The optimization of their performance and reliability research have become a research hotspot at home and abroad. With the continuous development of radio frequency technology, people are eager to achieve high-performance millimeter wave transmission connections. Therefore, the research and design of high-reliability millimeter wave radio frequency coaxial connectors have received more and more attention from researchers.

[0005] There is a growing demand for millimeter-wave RF connectors with excellent electrical performance and compact structures. Currently, research on 110 GHz RF coaxial connectors is limited and immature. As the operating frequency reaches 110 GHz, the connector size becomes very small, and the requirements for the dimensional tolerance and surface roughness of the inner and outer conductors become very strict. Generally speaking, the insulation support portion of the connector is the weakest point in transmission performance. On the one hand, the insulation support is required to fix the inner and outer conductors and ensure their coaxiality, which requires a certain degree of mechanical strength. On the other hand, to ensure the continuity of the connector's characteristic impedance, the volume of the insulation dielectric must be reduced and the air ratio must be increased to minimize conductor dimensional variation. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate material that both ensures mechanical strength and meets the impedance continuity requirements. Furthermore, the rational design of the insulation support structure and the coplanarity compensation for dimensional variations of the inner and outer conductors are key design challenges.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a 110 GHz RF coaxial connector and a manufacturing method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector, comprising:

[0009] A connector plug and a connector jack, wherein the connector plug and the connector jack are adapted to each other;

[0010] A pair of supporting members, wherein the connector plug and the connector jack are both fixed with inner conductors through the pair of supporting members, one end of the two inner conductors is respectively connected to an external cable, and the opposite ends of the two inner conductors are connected;

[0011] The two ends of the inner conductor where the support members are mounted form a step-like structure, and the connector plug and the inner wall of the connector jack are adapted to the step-like structure.

[0012] According to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector provided by the present invention, the support member includes a support ring, the support ring is sleeved on the inner conductor, and the support ring is adapted to the connector plug and the connector jack.

[0013] According to a 110 GHz RF coaxial connector provided by the present invention, the inner conductor is divided into five sections, namely Section I, Section II, Section III, Section IV and Section V from one end to the other, and the support ring is installed on Section II and Section IV.

[0014] According to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector provided by the present invention, a step-like structure is formed between section I, section II and section III, and between section III, section IV and section V.

[0015] According to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector provided by the present invention, the connector plug and the connector jack include two outer conductors, and the inner conductor is installed inside the two outer conductors.

[0016] According to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector provided by the present invention, a plurality of hollow holes are formed on the support ring along the circumferential direction.

[0017] According to a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector provided by the present invention, the support ring is a polytetrafluoroethylene support ring.

[0018] According to a 110 GHz RF coaxial connector provided by the present invention, the characteristic impedance Z0 of the connector satisfies:

[0019]

[0020] Where C0 is the speed of light in vacuum, μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, and ε r Between the inner conductor and the outer conductor

[0021] The relative dielectric constant of the material, D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor, and d is the outer diameter of the inner conductor.

[0022] A method for manufacturing a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector comprises the following steps:

[0023] A pair of support members are respectively sleeved on both ends of the inner conductor;

[0024] installing the two inner conductors mounted with the support members in the connector plug and the connector jack respectively;

[0025] The connector plug is mated with the connector jack.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0027] The present invention provides a 110GHz RF coaxial connector and manufacturing method, which uses a support member to fix the inner conductor in the connector plug and the connector jack, ensuring the coaxiality of the inner conductor in the connector plug and the connector jack, and effectively compensating for the impedance discontinuity caused by the change in the size of the inner conductor. The thickness of the support members, the distance between them, and the size of the inner conductor and the connector plug and the connector jack are calculated and optimized by simulation, thereby reducing the voltage standing wave ratio and widening the operating frequency of the connector. The support ring is fixed by a step surface, which not only ensures the coaxiality of the inner conductor and the connector plug and the connector jack, but also avoids axial displacement. At the same time, the step design and the design of the support member are optimized by simulation to meet the impedance continuity, can effectively reduce the voltage standing wave ratio, and widen the operating frequency. The connector of the present application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly, high coaxiality of inner and outer conductors, low voltage standing wave ratio and wide frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connector of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connector jack structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connector plug structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner conductor structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio of the connector of the present invention changing with frequency;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the change of parameters of connector S12 with frequency according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Design a flow chart for that connector of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connector jack assembly state of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connector plug of the present invention in an assembled state;

[0039] Among them, 1. inner conductor; 2. support ring; 3. outer conductor; 4. hollow hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-10 The present invention provides a 110GHz radio frequency coaxial connector, comprising:

[0043] The connector plug and the connector jack are adapted to each other;

[0044] A pair of supporting members, the connector plug and the connector jack are fixed with inner conductors 1 through a pair of supporting members, one end of the two inner conductors 1 is respectively connected to the external cable, and the opposite ends of the two inner conductors 1 are connected;

[0045] The two ends of the inner conductor 1 where the support members are mounted form a step-like structure, and the connector plug and the inner wall of the connector jack are adapted to the step-like structure.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present application, a support member is used to fix the inner conductor 1 in the connector plug and the connector jack, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the inner conductor in the connector plug and the connector jack, and effectively compensating for the impedance discontinuity caused by the size change of the inner conductor 1. The thickness of the support members, the distance between them, and the dimensions of the inner conductor 1 and the connector plug and the connector jack are calculated and optimized through simulation, thereby reducing the voltage standing wave ratio and widening the operating frequency of the connector. The support ring is fixed by a step surface, which not only ensures the coaxiality of the inner conductor with the connector plug and the connector jack, but also avoids axial displacement. At the same time, the step design and the support member design have been optimized through simulation to meet the impedance continuity, which can effectively reduce the voltage standing wave ratio and widen the operating frequency.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, the support member includes a support ring 2, which is sleeved on the inner conductor 1 and is adapted to the connector plug and the connector jack.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, the support member is a support ring 2 , which is respectively sleeved on both ends of the inner conductor 1 to support and fix the inner conductor 1 .

[0049] As an optional embodiment, the inner conductor 1 is divided into five sections, namely Section I, Section II, Section III, Section IV and Section V from one end to the other, and support rings 2 are installed on Section II and Section IV.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, the inner conductor 1 can be divided into five sections: Section I and Section V are respectively plugged into the cable inner core and the connector plug / connector jack, and Section II and Section IV are coaxially matched with the support ring 2.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, a step-like structure is formed between Section I, Section II and Section III, and between Section III, Section IV and Section V.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, the diameters of sections II and IV are reduced to form steps, which not only ensures coaxiality but also prevents axial displacement of the inner conductor 1. The diameter and length of section III are obtained through simulation optimization to meet impedance continuity and reduce the voltage standing wave ratio. The outer conductor 3 is composed of two parts. After the inner conductor 1 and the support ring 2 are matched, they are nested and assembled from both sides of the inner conductor 1, and the inner diameter of the outer conductor 3 is provided with a step surface, which plays the role of left and right fixed insulation support while ensuring impedance continuity. The step design of the inner and outer conductors and the shape and structure design of the support ring 2 have been optimized through simulation to meet impedance continuity, can effectively reduce the voltage standing wave ratio, and widen the operating frequency.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, the connector plug and the connector jack include two outer conductors 3 , and the inner conductor 1 is installed inside the two outer conductors 3 .

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, the connector plug and the connector jack are both composed of two outer conductors 3, and the two outer conductors 3 are respectively inserted from both ends of the inner conductor 1 and threadedly connected to achieve overall assembly.

[0055] As an optional embodiment, a plurality of hollow holes 4 are formed on the support ring 2 along the circumferential direction.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the discontinuity of electrical characteristics caused by the change in size of the inner and outer conductors, the insulating support is generally cut and hollowed out, and the proportion of air medium is increased to reduce the relative dielectric constant of the insulating medium, thereby reducing the size change of the inner and outer conductors. The two pairs of insulating support structures of the present invention have the same shape, which reduces the processing complexity. Since only the size of the inner conductor 1 between a pair of insulating supports changes to form a step, the capacitance of the step of the inner conductor 1 accounts for a larger proportion. Therefore, in order to perform capacitive compensation, the opening of the support ring 2 should be closer to the center. Then, simulation optimization is performed with the help of high-frequency simulation software HFSS to obtain the optimal insulating support thickness and the distance between each other. At the same time, the size of the inner conductor 1 between the two pairs of support rings can also be simulated and optimized to reduce the voltage standing wave ratio.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the support ring 2 is a polytetrafluoroethylene support ring.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, the inner conductor 1 needs to be supported and fixed by insulating material. Compared with air, the introduction of insulating material will increase the relative dielectric constant of the material between the inner and outer conductors. In order to ensure impedance continuity, it is necessary to reasonably change the size of the inner and outer conductors to compensate. The inner diameter of the outer conductor 3 of this part can be increased, or the outer diameter of the inner conductor 1 of this part can be reduced. Of course, both can also be changed at the same time. The change in conductor size forms steps in shape, and these steps will inevitably introduce discontinuous capacitance. The discontinuous capacitance introduced by simultaneously changing the inner diameter of the outer conductor 3 and the outer diameter of the inner conductor 1 is minimal, but considering the processing and assembly of the connector, in the present invention, the inner and outer conductor sizes of both ends of the same pair of insulating supports change at the same time to form a step surface, but the part between the two only has the outer diameter of the inner conductor changed, which greatly reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly. Polytetrafluoroethylene is a commonly used insulating support material for RF connectors. It has stable and excellent physical and chemical properties and a relative dielectric constant of 2.1.

[0059] As an optional implementation, the characteristic impedance Z0 of the connector satisfies:

[0060]

[0061] Where C0 is the speed of light in vacuum, μ is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, and ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the material between the inner conductor 1 and the outer conductor 3, D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor 3, and d is the outer diameter of the inner conductor 1.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present application, the characteristic impedance of the connector of the present invention is 50Ω, and the characteristic impedance of the connector is determined by the outer diameter of the inner conductor, the inner diameter of the outer conductor, and the medium therebetween.

[0063] A method for manufacturing a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector comprises the following steps:

[0064] A pair of supporting members are respectively sleeved on both ends of the inner conductor 1;

[0065] Install the two inner conductors 1 with the support members in the connector plug and the connector jack respectively;

[0066] Mate the connector plug and connector jack.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present application, when in use, the support ring 2 is sleeved on the II section and the IV section on the inner conductor 1, and then the two outer conductors 3 are respectively inserted from the two ends of the inner conductor 1, and a stepped groove of a corresponding structure is formed in the outer conductor 3, which is adapted to the two support rings 2 on the inner conductor 1. After the two outer conductors 3 are sleeved on the two ends of the inner conductor 1, the opposite sides are threadedly connected, and a stable connection is achieved by tightening. After the connection, the connector plug is docked with the connector jack. The docking end of the connector jack is provided with an inclined surface to facilitate insertion. After insertion, they are connected by threads to ensure the stability of the two.

[0068] Reference Figure 8 In one embodiment of the present application, the constraint dimensions are first determined based on the desired characteristic impedance and operating frequency. Generally speaking, the inner diameter of the outer conductor and the outer diameter of the inner conductor are largely standardized for different frequency bands and interfaces. Therefore, the present invention innovates and improves upon these standards; any unspecified features can be designed according to these standards.

[0069] Secondly, the dimensions of the inner and outer conductors are designed according to the constraint dimensions, with an emphasis on the dimension design at the insulating support. By selecting an insulating material with good performance and setting a suitable relative dielectric constant, the hollow proportion of the insulating support can be calculated. Only one of the inner diameter and outer diameter of the insulating support needs to be set, and the other can be obtained by calculation. Therefore, the optimal inner and outer diameters and thickness of the insulating support can be obtained by simulation, and the dimensions of the inner and outer conductors of the corresponding parts will also change accordingly. In order to reduce the influence of the step capacitance introduced by the change in conductor size, the outer diameter of the inner conductor 1 is generally reduced and the inner diameter of the outer conductor 3 is increased at the same time. Taking into account the difficulty of processing and assembly, the present invention reduces the outer diameters of sections II and IV of the inner conductor 1 at the insulating support, and increases the corresponding position of the inner diameter of the outer conductor 3, which not only satisfies the impedance continuity, but also achieves the effect of fixed support.

[0070] Next, in the third section of inner conductor 1 between the insulating support pairs, the outer conductor 3, when the dielectric medium is changed to air, theoretical calculations require the dimensions to return to their original values. However, for ease of assembly, the inner diameter of this section of outer conductor 3 remains consistent with the outer diameter of support ring 2. Simulation optimization compensates for the outer diameter of inner conductor 1 to achieve impedance continuity. Furthermore, the distance between the two pairs of support rings can also be determined through simulation optimization, which reduces the connector's voltage standing wave ratio.

[0071] Finally, the insulating support is cut reasonably according to its hollow proportion. Since only the inner conductor 1 changes in size between the insulating support pairs, the step capacitance introduced by it needs to be compensated, and the hollow hole 4 needs to be as close to the center as possible while ensuring mechanical strength.

[0072] Reference Figure 6-Figure 7 The connector's voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) meets the technical requirement of less than 1.5 up to 110 GHz and continues to meet the requirement up to 200 GHz, demonstrating excellent performance with a low VSWR and a wide bandwidth. The parameter curve also meets the requirements, demonstrating the low insertion loss advantage of this invention.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 110GHz RF coaxial connector, characterized in that: include: A connector plug and a connector jack, wherein the connector plug and the connector jack are adapted to each other; A pair of supporting members, the connector plug and the connector jack are both fixed with an inner conductor (1) through the pair of supporting members, one end of the two inner conductors (1) is respectively connected to an external cable, and the opposite ends of the two inner conductors (1) are connected; The two ends of the inner conductor (1) on which the support member is mounted form a step-like structure, and the connector plug and the inner wall of the connector jack are adapted to the step-like structure.

2. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member comprises a support ring (2), the support ring (2) is sleeved on the inner conductor (1), and the support ring (2) is adapted to the connector plug and the connector jack.

3. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner conductor (1) is divided into five sections, namely section I, section II, section III, section IV and section V from one end to the other, and the support ring (2) is installed on section II and section IV.

4. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A step-like structure is formed between sections I, II and III, and between sections III, IV and V.

5. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector plug and the connector jack include two outer conductors (3), and the inner conductor (1) is installed inside the two outer conductors (3).

6. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support ring (2) is provided with a plurality of hollow holes (4) along the circumferential direction.

7. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support ring (2) is a polytetrafluoroethylene support ring.

8. The 110 GHz RF coaxial connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The characteristic impedance Z0 of the connector satisfies: Where C0 is the speed of light in vacuum, μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, and ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the material between the inner conductor (1) and the outer conductor (3), D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor (3), and d is the outer diameter of the inner conductor (1).

9. A method for manufacturing a 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector, applicable to the 110 GHz radio frequency coaxial connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A pair of support members are respectively sleeved on both ends of the inner conductor (1); Installing the two inner conductors (1) mounted with the support member in the connector plug and the connector jack respectively; The connector plug is mated with the connector jack.

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