Photovoltaic hydrogen production system and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic hydrogen production system and a control method. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and a hydrogen production control device connected with the photovoltaic power generation device. Wherein the photovoltaic power generation device comprises a photovoltaic power generation array, a switching power supply assembly, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller and an inverter circuit; the hydrogen production control device comprises an auxiliary power supply and a hydrogen electrolytic cell; a photovoltaic power generation array is used for outputting an electric signal and inputting the electric signal to a switching power supply assembly, and an MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply assembly based on the electric signal so as to perform multi-stage control on the electric signal in the switching power supply assembly and output photovoltaic direct current; the inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current and inputs the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply; the hydrogen electrolytic cell obtains target hydrogen through electrolysis according to the input alternating current and the connected first water source; therefore, a green and environment-friendly power generation mode is provided through the photovoltaic hydrogen production system, and new energy hydrogen production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technologies, and in particular to a photovoltaic hydrogen production system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] As the world actively explores sustainable development paths, hydrogen energy, as a cutting-edge emerging industry, is poised for rapid growth. Green hydrogen is produced from renewable energy sources (e.g., solar, wind, and nuclear).

[0003] Solar energy is considered a promising renewable energy source due to its inexhaustible and pollution-free nature. Today, solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation, which captures solar energy and converts it into electricity, has become a major form of power generation. PV technology offers the following advantages: First, PV is suitable for powering remote areas because it is not restricted by geographical conditions. Second, given the abundance and widespread availability of solar resources, PV can generate electricity locally, eliminating energy losses during transmission. Third, PV is noiseless and pollution-free, making it a green and environmentally friendly power generation method. Finally, PV panels are compact and lightweight, making them easy to transport and install. Photovoltaic hydrogen production technology combines solar PV power generation with water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, providing an important path for the development of sustainable energy. Currently, there is a lack of solutions for purely off-grid PV hydrogen production, making efficient energy conversion and utilization difficult. For example, the electricity output from PV generation devices cannot be distributed promptly and effectively to the hydrogen production control system, resulting in energy waste and low hydrogen production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic hydrogen production system and a control method.

[0005] In a first aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a photovoltaic hydrogen production system, comprising a photovoltaic power generation device and a hydrogen production control device connected to the photovoltaic power generation device; wherein the photovoltaic power generation device comprises a photovoltaic power generation array, a switching power supply assembly, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, and an inverter circuit; the hydrogen production control device comprises an auxiliary power supply and a hydrogen electrolyzer; the switching power supply assembly is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array, the MPPT controller, and the inverter circuit; and the power supply terminal of the hydrogen electrolyzer is connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary power supply;

[0006] The photovoltaic power generation array is used to output an electrical signal and input the electrical signal to the switching power supply component;

[0007] The MPPT controller is configured to input a target control signal to the switching power supply assembly based on the electrical signal, so as to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply assembly and output photovoltaic direct current;

[0008] The inverter circuit is used to invert the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and input the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply;

[0009] The hydrogen electrolyzer is used to obtain target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source.

[0010] In one embodiment, the multi-level control includes a first-level control; the target control signal includes a first control signal; the switching power supply assembly includes a DC-DC power supply provided with an analog-to-digital converter; the DC-DC power supply is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array and the MPPT controller;

[0011] The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a digital signal;

[0012] The MPPT controller is used to input the first control signal to the DCDC power supply based on the digital signal to control the DCDC power supply to achieve the first level of control; the first level of control includes voltage and current dual-loop control.

[0013] In one embodiment, the multi-level control includes a second-level control; the target control signal includes a second control signal; the DCDC power supply includes a DC / DC converter and a control component; the DC / DC converter is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and the control component respectively;

[0014] The DC / DC converter is configured to output a first voltage and a first current based on the digital signal;

[0015] The MPPT controller is used to input the second control signal to the control component based on the first voltage and the first current to control the control component to achieve the second level control; the second level control includes constant voltage loop control and constant current loop control.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal; the control component includes a voltage controller, a current controller, and a pulse generator; the current controller is connected to the voltage controller and the pulse generator respectively; the DC / DC converter is connected to the current controller and the pulse generator respectively;

[0017] The voltage controller is configured to output the first control sub-signal based on the first voltage and a preset reference voltage;

[0018] the current controller being configured to output the second control sub-signal based on the first current and the first control sub-signal;

[0019] The pulse generator is configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal having a first duty cycle based on the second control sub-signal to drive the DC / DC converter.

[0020] In one embodiment, the inverter circuit includes a first interface for receiving direct current, a second interface for receiving alternating current, a switching power tube assembly, a current sensor, and a power relay assembly; a first end of the first interface is connected to a first end of the switching power tube assembly, a second end of the first interface is connected to an output end of the switching power supply assembly, and a third end of the first interface is connected to a third end of the switching power tube assembly; a second end of the switching power tube assembly is used to receive the pulse width modulation signal; and a third end of the switching power tube assembly is connected to a ground wire.

[0021] The current sensor and the power relay assembly are connected in series and connected to the fourth end of the switch power tube assembly; the first output end of the power relay assembly is connected to the first end of the second interface, and the second output end is connected to the second end of the second interface; the third end of the second interface is connected to the auxiliary power supply.

[0022] In one embodiment, the switching power tube assembly includes a first switching power tube, a second switching power tube, a third switching power tube, and a fourth switching power tube; the base of the first switching power tube is connected to the base of the second switching power tube and serves as the first end of the switching power tube assembly; the emitter of the first switching power tube is connected to the base of the third switching power tube; the emitter of the second switching power tube is connected to the base of the fourth switching power tube; the emitter of the third switching power tube is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching power tube and serves as the third end of the switching power tube assembly; the collectors of the first switching power tube, the second switching power tube, the third switching power tube, and the fourth switching power tube are connected to each other and serve as the second end of the switching power tube assembly;

[0023] The power relay assembly includes a first power relay and a second power relay; the first power relay, the second power relay, and the current sensor are sequentially connected in series; the first output end of the second power relay serves as the first output end of the power relay assembly; the second output end of the second power relay serves as the second output end of the power relay assembly;

[0024] The current sensor is connected to the first inductive switch and is used to detect the peak current of the first inductive switch to drive the first power relay and the second power relay.

[0025] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic hydrogen production system further includes a water supply tank, a heating and temperature-controlled water tank, a temperature sensor, a first water storage tank, and a first water pump;

[0026] The output port of the water replenishment tank is connected to the input port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank, the output port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the input port of the first water storage tank, and the output port of the first water storage tank is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer;

[0027] The temperature sensor is arranged in the heating and temperature-controlled water tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller; the first water pump is arranged in the first water storage tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller;

[0028] The MPPT controller is used to control the heating of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0029] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic hydrogen production system further includes an upper computer, a middle computer and a lower computer; the middle computer is connected to the upper computer and the lower computer respectively;

[0030] One end of the slave computer is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer, and the other end is connected to the water supply tank, the heating and temperature-control water tank, the temperature sensor, the first water storage tank, and the first water pump respectively;

[0031] The lower computer is used to collect a first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and send it to the middle computer to achieve water circulation control;

[0032] The intermediate computer is configured to communicate with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal;

[0033] The host computer is used to remotely control the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on operation instructions, and display the output results of the remote control.

[0034] In a second aspect, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a control method applied to the photovoltaic hydrogen production system described above, the method comprising:

[0035] The photovoltaic array outputs an electrical signal;

[0036] The MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal, so as to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current;

[0037] The inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply;

[0038] The hydrogen electrolyzer obtains target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source.

[0039] In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0040] The lower computer collects the first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and sends it to the middle computer to realize water circulation control;

[0041] The intermediate computer communicates with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal;

[0042] The host computer remotely controls the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on the operation instructions, and displays the output results of the remote control.

[0043] Through the above-mentioned photovoltaic hydrogen production system, a photovoltaic power generation array is used to output an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is input into a switching power supply component. The MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal to perform multi-level control of the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current; the inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into an auxiliary power supply; the hydrogen electrolyzer obtains target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source; thus, a green and environmentally friendly power generation method is provided through the photovoltaic hydrogen production system, and hydrogen production from new energy is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a circuit of a photovoltaic power generation array according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of secondary control in a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an inverter circuit in a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a driving circuit of an inverter circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of a circuit of an isolated driving power supply according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 15 A schematic flow chart of a control method provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or illustration." Any embodiment described in this application as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. In the following description, details are listed for illustrative purposes. It should be understood that one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the present invention can be implemented without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The present invention provides a photovoltaic hydrogen production system comprising a photovoltaic power generation device and a hydrogen production control device connected to the photovoltaic power generation device. The photovoltaic power generation device comprises a photovoltaic power generation array, a switching power supply assembly, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, and an inverter circuit; the hydrogen production control device comprises an auxiliary power supply and a hydrogen electrolyzer. The switching power supply assembly is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array, the MPPT controller, and the inverter circuit; the power supply terminal of the hydrogen electrolyzer is connected to the output terminal of the auxiliary power supply.

[0064] The photovoltaic power generation array is configured to output an electrical signal and input the electrical signal into the switching power supply assembly. The MPPT controller is configured to input a target control signal to the switching power supply assembly based on the electrical signal, thereby performing multi-level control of the electrical signal in the switching power supply assembly to output photovoltaic direct current (DC). The inverter circuit is configured to invert the DC photovoltaic power into alternating current (AC) and input the AC power into the auxiliary power supply. The hydrogen electrolyzer is configured to generate target hydrogen through electrolysis using the AC power input and the first water source.

[0065] It should be noted that the electrical signal may include a voltage signal, a current signal, and a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. The voltage signal may be denoted as V, the current signal may be denoted as I, and the pulse width modulation signal may be denoted as PWM. Figure 2 To understand, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic power generation array in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] The switching power supply component can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the switching power supply component includes a DCDC power supply provided with an analog-to-digital converter; the DCDC power supply is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array and the MPPT controller.

[0067] The MPPT controller includes an MCU (single-chip microcomputer), etc. The MPPT controller can boost the electrical signal output by the photovoltaic array and improve the system's power parameters. Both the multi-level control and the target control signal can be determined based on actual conditions, without limitation herein. As an example, the multi-level control includes a first-level control; the target control signal includes a first control signal; the multi-level control includes a second-level control; and the target control signal includes a second control signal.

[0068] The inverter circuit can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the inverter circuit may include a first interface for accessing direct current, a second interface for accessing alternating current, a switching power tube assembly, a current sensor, and a power relay assembly.

[0069] The hydrogen electrolyzer is configured to generate target hydrogen gas by electrolysis based on the input AC power and a first water source. The first water source may be pre-stored in the hydrogen electrolyzer or injected into the hydrogen electrolyzer in real time. Under the action of the first power source, the first water source is electrolyzed into hydrogen gas based on the principle of hydrogen production by electrolysis.

[0070] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic power generation array is used to output an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is input into a switching power supply component. The MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current. The inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into an auxiliary power supply. The hydrogen electrolyzer obtains target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source. Thus, a green and environmentally friendly power generation method is provided through the photovoltaic hydrogen production system, and new energy hydrogen production is realized.

[0071] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention; the multi-level control includes a first-level control; the target control signal includes a first control signal; the switching power supply assembly includes a DCDC power supply provided with an analog-to-digital converter; the DCDC power supply is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array and the MPPT controller.

[0072] The analog-to-digital converter is configured to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a digital signal. The MPPT controller is configured to input the first control signal to the DCDC power supply based on the digital signal to control the DCDC power supply to implement the first level of control; the first level of control includes voltage and current dual-loop control.

[0073] The first-level control includes voltage and current dual-loop control, which can also be called first-level voltage and current dual-loop control, to track and adjust the primary voltage regulation state of the photovoltaic array in real time.

[0074] When the electrical signal includes a voltage signal and a current signal, performing analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a digital signal may include performing analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain a digital signal. In practical applications, the analog-to-digital converter performs ADC data acquisition on the current signal and the voltage signal output by the photovoltaic power generation array to obtain the digital signal.

[0075] The first control signal can be determined based on actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the first level of control can include voltage and current dual-loop control signals. Inputting the first control signal to the DCDC power supply based on the digital signal to control the DCDC power supply to achieve the first level of control can be understood as inputting voltage and current dual-loop control signals to the DCDC power supply based on the digital signal to control the DCDC power supply to achieve the first level of control.

[0076] In practical applications, the photovoltaic output voltage is boosted to improve system power parameters and factors. The PV array output current and output voltage are collected and converted by ADC data for the first-stage voltage and current dual-loop control, tracking and adjusting the primary voltage regulation state of the PV array in real time.

[0077] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the present invention; the multi-level control includes a second-level control; the target control signal includes a second control signal; the DCDC power supply includes a DC / DC converter and a control component; the DC / DC converter is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and the control component, respectively.

[0078] The DC / DC converter is configured to output a first voltage and a first current based on the digital signal. The MPPT controller is configured to input a second control signal to the control component based on the first voltage and the first current, so as to control the control component to implement the second-level control; the second-level control includes constant voltage loop control and constant current loop control.

[0079] Among them, the second-level control includes constant pressure loop control and constant current loop control. The constant pressure loop control and constant current loop control can also be called adjustable constant current, constant voltage, constant power and other controls to achieve adjustable constant current, constant voltage, constant power and other controls of the electrolytic cell.

[0080] The first voltage, the first current and the second control signal can be determined according to actual conditions and are not limited here. As an example, the first voltage can be recorded as V o The first current can be recorded as i o . The second control signal may include a constant voltage loop control signal and a constant current loop control signal. Based on the first voltage and the first current, the constant voltage loop control signal and the constant current loop control signal are input to the control component to control the control component to realize the second level control. It can be understood that based on the first voltage and the first current, the second control signal is input to the control component to control the control component to realize adjustable constant current, constant voltage, constant power and other controls. In actual applications, the secondary output electrolytic cell can realize adjustable constant current, constant voltage, constant power and other controls through the DC / DC converter.

[0081] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention; the second control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal; the control component includes a voltage controller, a current controller, and a pulse generator; the current controller is connected to the voltage controller and the pulse generator respectively; the DC / DC converter is connected to the current controller and the pulse generator respectively.

[0082] The voltage controller is configured to output the first control sub-signal based on the first voltage and a preset reference voltage. The current controller is configured to output the second control sub-signal based on the first current and the first control sub-signal. The pulse generator is configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal having a first duty cycle based on the second control sub-signal to drive the DC / DC converter.

[0083] The first control sub-signal, the second control sub-signal, the reference voltage and the first duty cycle can be determined according to actual conditions and are not limited here. As an example, the first control sub-signal can be recorded as VCP The second control sub-signal can be recorded as V c The reference voltage can be recorded as V ref The first duty cycle can be recorded as d. The pulse width modulation signal is an analog control method that modulates the bias of the pulse generator according to the change of the corresponding load to achieve a change in the on-time of the pulse generator, thereby achieving a change in the output of the switching regulated power supply.

[0084] In practical applications, the DCDC power supply can also be called a DCDC digital power supply; the photovoltaic hydrogen production system can also include an energy storage device, an AC load and a DC load. The inverter circuit can be a DCAC inverter; the energy storage device is connected to the DCDC digital power supply for storing energy. The DC load is connected to the DCDC digital power supply for accessing the DC load. The AC load is connected to the DCAC inverter for accessing the AC load. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system can also realize functions such as pure off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production testing and electrolyzer membrane material testing. This content can be combined with Figure 6 To understand, Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] As an example, Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The figure shows an application scenario of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The hydrogen production control device may also be referred to as a photovoltaic hydrogen production control system. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system also includes a photovoltaic digital power supply. The photovoltaic digital power supply and photovoltaic hydrogen production control system enable functions such as pure off-grid photovoltaic hydrogen production testing and electrolyzer membrane material testing. As an example, the photovoltaic hydrogen production system may include a photovoltaic power generation system, an MPPT digital power supply, an energy storage system, a PEM electrolyzer, an inverter circuit, and an isolated power supply. The main components include an instrument sensor module, a data acquisition and storage module, a communication module, a photovoltaic MPPT control system, and a 220VAC auxiliary power supply.

[0086] The first-level control is to collect and convert the ADC data of the photovoltaic array output current and output voltage to perform the first-level voltage and current dual-loop control, and track and adjust the primary voltage regulation state of the photovoltaic array in real time.

[0087] The secondary control outputs the electrolytic cell with adjustable constant current, constant voltage, constant power, etc. through the DC / DC converter. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage control system for a photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to one embodiment of the present invention. The DC / DC converter output voltage is calculated by a resistor divider network and a set reference voltage, and then outputs a control signal Vcp via a voltage controller. The power inductor current io is converted to a voltage signal Vr via a sampling resistor. Vcp and Vr are summed by an adder to generate a current loop signal Vca. Vca is then fed back to the current controller to generate a Vc feedback control function, which is then combined with a pulse generator function to generate a new duty cycle after feedback. The dual-loop PI control algorithm specifically uses the DC / DC converter output voltage as the outer constant voltage control loop, and the power inductor current control as the inner constant current loop. A specific sampling ratio is set for the two-stage DC / DC converter output voltage and power inductor current sampling. For example, the inner loop power inductor current sampling rate is set to 10 times the outer voltage loop sampling rate. This method can accelerate current response and improve the constant current loading performance of the electrolyzer.

[0088] In one embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an inverter circuit in a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the present invention; the inverter circuit includes a first interface for accessing direct current, a second interface for accessing alternating current, a switching power tube assembly, a current sensor, and a power relay assembly; the first end of the first interface is connected to the first end of the switching power tube assembly, the second end of the first interface is connected to the output end of the switching power supply assembly, and the third end of the first interface is connected to the third end of the switching power tube assembly; the second end of the switching power tube assembly is used to access the pulse width modulation signal; and the third end of the switching power tube assembly is connected to the ground wire.

[0089] The current sensor and the power relay assembly are connected in series and connected to the fourth end of the switch power tube assembly; the first output end of the power relay assembly is connected to the first end of the second interface, and the second output end is connected to the second end of the second interface; the third end of the second interface is connected to the auxiliary power supply.

[0090] It should be noted that the first interface can be denoted as J1; the first end of the first interface can be denoted as 1 in J1; the second end of the first interface can be denoted as 2 in J1; and the third end of the first interface can be denoted as 3 in J1. The ground line can be denoted as PGND; the second interface can be denoted as J2; the first end of the second interface can be denoted as 1 in J2; the second end of the second interface can be denoted as 2 in J2; and the third end of the second interface can be denoted as 3 in J2.

[0091] In which, the switching power tube assembly includes a first switching power tube Q1, a second switching power tube Q2, a third switching power tube Q3 and a fourth switching power tube Q4; the base of the first switching power tube Q1 is connected to the base of the second switching power tube Q2 and serves as the first end of the switching power tube assembly; the emitter of the first switching power tube Q1 is connected to the base of the third switching power tube Q3; the emitter of the second switching power tube Q2 is connected to the base of the fourth switching power tube Q4; the emitter of the third switching power tube Q3 is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching power tube Q4 and serves as the third end of the switching power tube assembly; the collectors of the first switching power tube Q1, the second switching power tube Q2, the third switching power tube Q3 and the fourth switching power tube Q4 are connected to each other and serve as the second end of the switching power tube assembly.

[0092] The power relay assembly includes a first power relay and a second power relay; the first power relay, the second power relay, and the current sensor are connected in series in sequence; the first output end of the second power relay serves as the first output end of the power relay assembly; the second output end of the second power relay serves as the second output end of the power relay assembly.

[0093] The current sensor is connected to the first inductive switch and is used to detect the peak current of the first inductive switch to drive the first power relay and the second power relay.

[0094] It should be noted that the first power switch Q1, the second power switch Q2, the third power switch Q3, and the fourth power switch Q4 can all be determined based on actual conditions and are not limited here. As an example, the first power switch Q1, the second power switch Q2, the third power switch Q3, and the fourth power switch Q4 can all be IGBT power switches, corresponding to the base, emitter, and collector. The first power relay can be denoted as RELAY1; the second power relay can be denoted as RELAY2; and the current sensor can be denoted as U1.

[0095] As an example, combining Figure 9 To understand, the pure off-grid single-phase DCAC inverter circuit converts photovoltaic DC power into single-phase AC power, which is used as an auxiliary power source for the pure off-grid system motor, heating rod, etc. J1 is the DC interface, Q1-Q4 are IGBT switch power tubes, Q1PWM-Q4PWM are the control signals of Q1-Q4 respectively, such as Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the drive circuit of the inverter circuit in one embodiment of the present invention; the inverter power supply IGBT drive circuit; the bridge inverter circuit improves the stability and safety of the inverter circuit through isolated PWM control, the power supply adopts the peak current control mode, L1 is the energy storage inductor of the inverter circuit, U1 is the current sensor to detect the peak current of the inductor switching cycle; R6, R8, R11 form the 220VAC output front-end voltage sampling; R7, C15 form the 220VAC output cycle current sampling; L3, L4 inductors realize filtering, choking, and oscillation suppression functions, and can also effectively improve the power factor of the circuit; R45, R46, R47 are connected in parallel to form average current sampling. RELAY1 and RELAY2 are 220VAC output end power relays. C9 and C16 form a Y-type filter, X safety capacitor C11, and varistor R9 improves circuit stability; J2 is the single-phase 220VAC power connection end. As shown Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of an isolated drive power supply in one embodiment of the present invention. The W3-W6 windings serve as isolated drive power supplies for each IGBT in the inverter circuit. C36 and C37 serve as input filters, and T1 is a multi-winding isolation transformer. R30 is the high-voltage startup current-limiting resistor for the U6 chip. Its operating principle is that +VDC flows through R30 to achieve high-voltage startup for U6, then through the D13 clamping diode to power the W2 winding. D14 is a rectifier diode, C141 is a filter capacitor, and R33 is a discharge resistor. The remaining auxiliary windings operate in a similar manner. R36 and R42 form a voltage divider network for output voltage feedback. C44, R35, and C47 form a bipolar PI circuit to improve the power supply's dynamic response. PWM charges the gate drive via R39, turning on the Q5 power terminal. Discharge occurs during the negative half-cycle of the PWM signal through the R38 and D17 circuits. R44 is the MOS transistor current sampling resistor, and R40 and C49 form a current sampling RC filter circuit. Q3_GND and Q4_GND are low-side IGBT drive circuits connected to PGND through precision 0 ohm resistors.

[0096] In one embodiment, Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the present invention; the photovoltaic hydrogen production system also includes a water replenishment tank, a heating and temperature control water tank, a temperature sensor, a first water storage tank, and a first water pump.

[0097] The output port of the water replenishment tank is connected to the input port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank, the output port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the input port of the first water storage tank, and the output port of the first water storage tank is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer.

[0098] The temperature sensor is arranged in the heating and temperature-controlled water tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller. The first water pump is arranged in the first water storage tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller.

[0099] The MPPT controller is used to control the heating of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0100] Among them, a water source with a suitable temperature can improve the electrolysis efficiency. The temperature sensor can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the temperature sensor can include an RTD (platinum resistance temperature sensor) and utilize the RTD's ability to sense temperature to achieve temperature detection.

[0101] In one embodiment, Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention; the photovoltaic hydrogen production system also includes an upper computer, an intermediate computer and a lower computer; the intermediate computer is connected to the upper computer and the lower computer respectively.

[0102] One end of the slave computer is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer, and the other end is connected to the water replenishment tank, the heating and temperature-controlled water tank, the temperature sensor, the first water storage tank, and the first water pump. The slave computer is configured to collect a first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and transmit it to the intermediate computer to implement water circulation control. The intermediate computer is configured to communicate with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal. The upper computer is configured to remotely control the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on operational instructions and to display the output results of the remote control.

[0103] It should be noted that the intermediate computer, the upper computer, and the lower computer may all include an MCU, etc. The first signal may be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the first signal may include a current signal, a voltage signal, a water flow signal, a temperature signal, a liquid level signal, a power supply signal, etc.

[0104] The operation instruction may be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the operation instruction may come from an external operation (eg, a user operation).

[0105] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14This is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the present invention; the lower computer MCU implements water circulation control, electrolytic cell water inlet and outlet control, and water storage tank heating control; the middle computer implements electrolytic cell current and voltage collection, electrolytic cell water flow collection, electrolytic cell temperature collection, electrolytic cell chamber inspection voltage collection, water tank liquid level collection, power supply communication control, etc.; the upper computer implements interface display, operation, remote control and other functions.

[0106] Second, as Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 This is a flow chart of a control method provided in one embodiment of the present invention; the release circuit of the contactor applied to any of the above embodiments includes the following steps:

[0107] S1, the photovoltaic array outputs electrical signals.

[0108] It should be noted that the electrical signal may include a voltage signal, a current signal, and a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, etc. The voltage signal may be denoted as V, the current signal may be denoted as I, and the pulse width modulation signal may be denoted as PWM.

[0109] S2, the MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal, so as to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current.

[0110] Among them, the switching power supply component can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the switching power supply component includes a DCDC power supply provided with an analog-to-digital converter; the DCDC power supply is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array and the MPPT controller.

[0111] The MPPT controller includes an MCU (single-chip microcomputer), etc. The MPPT controller can boost the electrical signal output by the photovoltaic array and improve the system's power parameters. Both the multi-level control and the target control signal can be determined based on actual conditions, without limitation herein. As an example, the multi-level control includes a first-level control; the target control signal includes a first control signal; the multi-level control includes a second-level control; and the target control signal includes a second control signal.

[0112] S3, the inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply.

[0113] Among them, the inverter circuit can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the inverter circuit may include a first interface for accessing direct current, a second interface for accessing alternating current, a switching power tube assembly, a current sensor and a power relay assembly.

[0114] S4, the hydrogen electrolyzer electrolyzes the input alternating current and the first water source to obtain target hydrogen.

[0115] The first water source can be pre-stored in the hydrogen electrolyzer or injected into the hydrogen electrolyzer in real time. Under the action of the first power source, based on the principle of hydrogen production by electrolysis, the first water source is electrolyzed into hydrogen.

[0116] In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0117] The lower computer collects the first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and sends it to the middle computer to realize water circulation control;

[0118] The intermediate computer communicates with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal;

[0119] The host computer remotely controls the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on the operation instructions, and displays the output results of the remote control.

[0120] The intermediate computer, the upper computer, and the lower computer may all include an MCU, etc. The first signal may be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the first signal may include a current signal, a voltage signal, a water flow signal, a temperature signal, a liquid level signal, a power supply signal, etc.

[0121] The operation instruction may be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here. As an example, the operation instruction may come from an external operation (eg, a user operation).

[0122] In practical applications, the control method can be understood as the control method of the photovoltaic hydrogen production system.

[0123] To implement the method of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 16 As shown, Figure 16A schematic diagram of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; the control device 160 may include: a memory 1601 for storing a computer program; and a processor 1602 for implementing any of the methods described above when executing the computer program. For example, the processor 1602 may be used to implement: the photovoltaic power generation array outputs an electrical signal; the MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current; the inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into an auxiliary power supply; the hydrogen electrolyzer obtains target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source. The processor 1602 may also implement the steps in any of the methods described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0124] It should be noted that the control device and control method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and their specific implementation processes are detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0125] Of course, in actual application, Figure 16 As shown, the control device 160 may also include: at least one network interface 1603. The various components in the control device are coupled together through a bus system 1604. It is understood that the bus system 1604 is used to achieve connection and communication between these components. In addition to the data bus, the bus system 1604 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, Figure 11Various buses are labeled as bus system 1604. There may be at least one processor 1602. The network interface 1603 is used to control wired or wireless communications between the device and other devices. The memory 1602 in this embodiment of the present invention is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the control device. The methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to or implemented by the processor 1602. The processor 1602 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, the steps of the above methods can be performed by hardware integrated logic circuits or software instructions in the processor 1602. The processor 1602 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. The processor 1602 can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly implemented and executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in a single-chip microcomputer. The software module may be located in a storage medium located in the memory 1602. The processor 1602 reads the information in the memory 1601 and performs the steps of the aforementioned method in combination with its hardware. In an exemplary embodiment, the control device 160 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers (MCUs), microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the aforementioned method.

[0126] Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, such as a memory 1601 storing the computer program. The computer program can be executed by a processor 1602 to perform the steps of the aforementioned method. The computer-readable storage medium can be a memory such as FRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, magnetic surface mount storage, optical disk, or CD-ROM.

[0127] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, and the aforementioned program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the program executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0129] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0130] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the detailed description of other embodiments above, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] The above is a detailed introduction to the release circuit and control method of a contactor provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0132] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic hydrogen production system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic hydrogen production system includes a photovoltaic power generation device and a hydrogen production control device connected to the photovoltaic power generation device; wherein the photovoltaic power generation device includes a photovoltaic power generation array, a switching power supply component, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, and an inverter circuit; the hydrogen production control device includes an auxiliary power supply and a hydrogen electrolyzer; the switching power supply component is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array, the MPPT controller, and the inverter circuit; the power supply end of the hydrogen electrolyzer is connected to the output end of the auxiliary power supply; The photovoltaic power generation array is used to output an electrical signal and input the electrical signal to the switching power supply component; The MPPT controller is configured to input a target control signal to the switching power supply assembly based on the electrical signal, so as to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply assembly and output photovoltaic direct current; The inverter circuit is used to invert the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and input the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply; The hydrogen electrolyzer is used to obtain target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source.

2. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level control includes a first-level control; the target control signal includes a first control signal; the switching power supply assembly includes a DCDC power supply provided with an analog-to-digital converter; the DCDC power supply is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation array and the MPPT controller; The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the electrical signal to obtain a digital signal; The MPPT controller is used to input the first control signal to the DCDC power supply based on the digital signal to control the DCDC power supply to achieve the first level of control; the first level of control includes voltage and current dual-loop control.

3. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-level control includes a second-level control; the target control signal includes a second control signal; the DCDC power supply includes a DC / DC converter and a control component; the DC / DC converter is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and the control component respectively; The DC / DC converter is configured to output a first voltage and a first current based on the digital signal; The MPPT controller is used to input the second control signal to the control component based on the first voltage and the first current to control the control component to achieve the second level control; the second level control includes constant voltage loop control and constant current loop control.

4. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal; the control component includes a voltage controller, a current controller, and a pulse generator; the current controller is connected to the voltage controller and the pulse generator respectively; The DC / DC converter is connected to the current controller and the pulse generator respectively; The voltage controller is configured to output the first control sub-signal based on the first voltage and a preset reference voltage; the current controller being configured to output the second control sub-signal based on the first current and the first control sub-signal; The pulse generator is configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal having a first duty cycle based on the second control sub-signal to drive the DC / DC converter.

5. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inverter circuit includes a first interface for receiving direct current, a second interface for receiving alternating current, a switching power tube assembly, a current sensor, and a power relay assembly; a first end of the first interface is connected to a first end of the switching power tube assembly, a second end of the first interface is connected to an output end of the switching power supply assembly, and a third end of the first interface is connected to a third end of the switching power tube assembly; a second end of the switching power tube assembly is used to receive the pulse width modulation signal; and a third end of the switching power tube assembly is connected to a ground wire. The current sensor and the power relay assembly are connected in series and connected to the fourth end of the switch power tube assembly; the first output end of the power relay assembly is connected to the first end of the second interface, and the second output end is connected to the second end of the second interface; the third end of the second interface is connected to the auxiliary power supply.

6. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching power tube assembly includes a first switching power tube, a second switching power tube, a third switching power tube, and a fourth switching power tube; the base of the first switching power tube is connected to the base of the second switching power tube and serves as the first end of the switching power tube assembly; the emitter of the first switching power tube is connected to the base of the third switching power tube; the emitter of the second switching power tube is connected to the base of the fourth switching power tube; the emitter of the third switching power tube is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching power tube and serves as the third end of the switching power tube assembly; the collectors of the first switching power tube, the second switching power tube, the third switching power tube, and the fourth switching power tube are connected to each other and serve as the second end of the switching power tube assembly; The power relay assembly includes a first power relay and a second power relay; the first power relay, the second power relay, and the current sensor are sequentially connected in series; the first output end of the second power relay serves as the first output end of the power relay assembly; the second output end of the second power relay serves as the second output end of the power relay assembly; The current sensor is connected to the first inductive switch and is used to detect the peak current of the first inductive switch to drive the first power relay and the second power relay.

7. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The photovoltaic hydrogen production system further includes a water supply tank, a heating and temperature-controlled water tank, a temperature sensor, a first water storage tank, and a first water pump; The output port of the water replenishment tank is connected to the input port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank, the output port of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the input port of the first water storage tank, and the output port of the first water storage tank is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer; The temperature sensor is arranged in the heating and temperature-controlled water tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller; the first water pump is arranged in the first water storage tank and is electrically connected to the MPPT controller; The MPPT controller is used to control the heating of the heating and temperature-controlled water tank according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor.

8. The photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic hydrogen production system further includes an upper computer, a middle computer and a lower computer; the middle computer is connected to the upper computer and the lower computer respectively; One end of the slave computer is connected to the hydrogen electrolyzer, and the other end is connected to the water supply tank, the heating and temperature-control water tank, the temperature sensor, the first water storage tank, and the first water pump respectively; The lower computer is used to collect a first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and send it to the middle computer to achieve water circulation control; The intermediate computer is configured to communicate with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal; The host computer is used to remotely control the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on operation instructions, and display the output results of the remote control.

9. A control method, characterized in that: Applied to the photovoltaic hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: The photovoltaic array outputs an electrical signal; The MPPT controller inputs a target control signal to the switching power supply component based on the electrical signal, so as to perform multi-level control on the electrical signal in the switching power supply component and output photovoltaic direct current; The inverter circuit inverts the photovoltaic direct current into alternating current, and inputs the alternating current into the auxiliary power supply; The hydrogen electrolyzer obtains target hydrogen by electrolysis based on the input alternating current and the connected first water source.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: The lower computer collects the first signal related to the hydrogen electrolyzer and sends it to the middle computer to realize water circulation control; The intermediate computer communicates with the auxiliary power supply based on the first signal; The host computer remotely controls the photovoltaic power generation device and the hydrogen production control device based on the operation instructions, and displays the output results of the remote control.

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