Tower type photovoltaic power generation equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to tower type photovoltaic power generation equipment, which comprises a vertical tower, a plurality of heliostats and a receiver, the vertical tower is vertically arranged on the ground, the receiver is fixedly arranged at the top of the vertical tower, the plurality of heliostats are sequentially arranged on the ground, and the receiver is fixedly arranged on the top of the vertical tower. The vertical tower is arranged in the middle inside the heliostats; a controller controls a power supply part to electrify an electromagnetic ring plate through one set of electric wires, magnetism emitted from the interior of the electromagnetic ring plate repels a dust wiping magnetic plate, the dust wiping magnetic plate drives a slag wiping scraping block to move downwards under the magnetic repulsive force of the electromagnetic ring plate, and the slag wiping scraping block scrapes a receiver and an anemometry ring during moving. And dirt and dust on the receiving surface of the receiver and the anemometry ring are wiped off, so that the dirt cleaning effect is achieved, flying sand and flying dust falling on the surface of the receiver are prevented from influencing the receiving operation of the receiver on light reflected by the heliostat, and photovoltaic power generation operation is better facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a tower-type photovoltaic power generation device. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic tower system is a solar-powered power generation system consisting of a large number of heliostats (large solar reflectors), a tall tower, and a receiver atop the tower. The heliostats automatically track the sun's movement, reflecting and concentrating sunlight onto the receiver atop the tower. The heat transfer medium within the receiver heats up under the sunlight, generating high-temperature steam or other forms of heat energy. This heat energy is then used to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN117478036A discloses a tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment and a complete set of devices thereof, including vertically installing multiple No. 1 photovoltaic panels and No. 2 photovoltaic panels through columns, and setting the No. 1 photovoltaic panel below the No. 2 photovoltaic panel, so that the No. 1 photovoltaic panel and the No. 2 photovoltaic panel are arranged vertically, thereby reducing the horizontal space occupation, increasing the utilization rate of the vertical space, and being more convenient for installation and use; by setting multiple reflective panels, each reflective panel corresponds to a No. 1 photovoltaic panel, the reflective panel is used to reflect light and reflect sunlight to the No. 1 photovoltaic panel, so that the No. 1 photovoltaic panel located below the No. 2 photovoltaic panel can also generate electricity, and when the sun moves from east to west, there are always one or more reflective panels reflecting sunlight, so that there are always one or more No. 1 photovoltaic panels receiving sunlight, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency and improving the structural compactness of the entire equipment.

[0004] In current technology, tower photovoltaic power generation equipment is often installed in open areas such as deserts and Gobi Deserts, where the climatic conditions are conducive to the collection and utilization of solar energy. However, due to the relatively dry conditions and large temperature differences between day and night in open areas such as deserts and Gobi Deserts, there is a lot of flying dust and sand. This flying dust and sand are easily carried by air currents and fall on the receivers at the top of the towers, forming dirt, affecting the receivers' reception of sunlight reflected from the heliostats and hindering photovoltaic power generation operations.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a tower-type photovoltaic power generation device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: the tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention includes a tower, a heliostat, and a receiver. The tower is vertically installed on the ground, and the receiver is fixedly installed on the top of the tower. There are multiple heliostats, which are arranged in sequence on the ground. The tower is placed in the middle of the multiple heliostats. The top of the receiver is provided with a cleaning assembly, which includes a dust wiping magnetic plate, which wipes off flying sand and dust that fall on the surface of the receiver. By selecting a relatively wide desert or Gobi desert as the installation area, the receiver is fixedly mounted on the top of a tower. The tower is then placed in the middle of the installation area. Using angle measurement and calculation, several heliostats are placed around the tower in a regular pattern, so that the reflective surfaces of the heliostats and the receiver's receiving end are in a reflecting and receiving state. Once both are in place, photovoltaic power generation operations can begin. During photovoltaic power generation operations, due to the large difference between day and night in deserts and Gobi deserts, dew easily forms on the receiver at night. When external winds are strong, the airflow will carry dust and sand in the air. When the dust and sand are blown onto the receiver, they adhere to the dew on the receiver, forming dirt on the receiver. At this time, a cleaning assembly installed on the top of the receiver is put into operation. The cleaning assembly drives a dust wiping magnetic plate to wipe off the dust and sand that have fallen on the receiver surface, preventing the dust and sand from affecting the receiver's reception of light reflected from the heliostats, thereby facilitating the operation.

[0008] Preferably, the detection component includes a wind measuring ring, and there are two wind measuring rings. The two wind measuring rings are symmetrically fixedly installed at the two ends of the receiver. A controller is fixedly installed inside the two wind measuring rings, and a plurality of sensor wires are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the controller. A detector is provided between the controller and the inner wall of the wind measuring ring, and one end of the plurality of sensor wires is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detector. When working, the detector in the wind measuring ring detects the two ends of the receiver. When the detector detects that there is airflow surging at the two ends of the receiver, the detector transmits the detected information to the controller through the sensor wire, and then the detector continues to detect the external airflow. When the detector detects that there is airflow surging at the two ends of the receiver When the airflow at the end disappears, the controller controls the cleaning brush component to drive the dust wiping magnetic plate to wipe the surface of the receiver to prevent the receiving surface of the receiver from being driven by the airflow and being covered with dust and dirt. By implanting a command in the controller, the controller controls the cleaning brush component to wipe the receiving surface of the receiver once every day and night, so as to wipe off the dew on the receiving surface of the receiver and prevent the dew from lowering the temperature of the sunlight reflected by the heliostat and affecting the receiver's absorption of solar heat. This can effectively improve the operating efficiency of the receiver. By detecting both ends of the receiver through the detector, the airflow around the receiver can be better monitored.

[0009] Preferably, the inner walls of the two wind measuring rings are provided with several air inlets. When there is airflow outside, the airflow enters the wind measuring ring through the air inlets on the wind measuring ring, and then the airflow entering is detected by the detector. By opening several air inlets on the outer wall of the wind measuring ring, the detector can detect the entire body of the receiver, thereby achieving the effect of detection without blind spots.

[0010] Preferably, the brushing assembly includes a ring frame, which is fixedly mounted on the top of one of the wind measuring rings, a power supply unit is fixedly mounted in the middle of the inner wall of the ring frame, an electromagnetic ring plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer wall of the ring frame, a plurality of electrical conductors are fixedly mounted between the electromagnetic ring plate and the power supply unit, a dust wiping magnetic plate is arranged below the electromagnetic ring plate, a slag scraper is fixedly mounted on the inner ring wall of the dust wiping magnetic plate, the slag scraper is slidably connected to the receiver and the outer walls of the two wind measuring rings, when cleaning dirt, the controller controls the power supply unit to energize the electromagnetic ring plate through one of the electrical conductors, the electromagnetic ring plate emits magnetism to repel the dust wiping magnetic plate, and the dust wiping magnetic plate is driven by the magnetic repulsion force of the electromagnetic ring plate to move downward, and the slag scraper scrapes the receiver and the wind measuring ring during movement, and wipes off the dirt and dust on the receiving surface of the receiver and the wind measuring ring, thereby cleaning the dirt.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of another wind measuring ring is fixedly mounted on the slag box, and an exhaust fan is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slag box. The slag box and the exhaust fan are both fixedly arranged on the outside of the tower, and a plurality of exhaust pipes are fixedly mounted between the slag box and the exhaust fan. When the dust wiping magnetic plate scrapes the dirt to the top of the slag box, the exhaust fan draws air into the slag box through the exhaust pipe, and the dirt wiped off by the slag scraping block is pulled by the exhaust force of the exhaust fan and placed in the slag box for collection, thereby playing the role of collecting dirt and preventing the slag scraping block from being stained with dirt after decontamination. In the subsequent light collection process of the receiver, the dirt dries and adheres to the slag scraping block, which is not conducive to subsequent decontamination operations.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the inner wall of the slag box is slidably connected with multiple pressure shafts, the inner wall of the slag box is provided with a blocking ring, the outer ring wall of the blocking ring is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple pressure shafts, pressure springs are provided between the multiple pressure shafts and the inner wall of the slag box, the outer walls of the multiple pressure shafts are fixedly installed with ash baffles, and the multiple ash baffles are slidably connected with the inner wall of the slag box. When the dust wiping magnetic plate moves down to a certain position, the bottom of the dust wiping magnetic plate squeezes the pressure shaft on the top of the slag box, and the pressure shaft is compressed, thereby squeezing the pressure spring to drive the blocking ring out of the slag box. The top of the inner wall moves downward, and the opening at the top of the slag box will open. At this time, the exhaust force emitted by the exhaust fan will pull the dirt hanging on the slag scraper block, and the dirt will be driven by the suction force into the slag box for collection. When the dust wiping magnetic plate is removed from the top of the slag box, the blocking ring will be reset under the elastic force of the pressure spring to block the opening at the top of the slag box to prevent the dirt in the slag box from being affected by the airflow after drying and floating out of the opening at the top of the slag box and falling onto the receiver and wind measuring ring, affecting the operation.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of slag dropping pipes are fixedly installed on the top of the slag box, and the plurality of slag dropping pipes are through pipes, and a limited slag ring disk is fixedly installed between the bottom of the slag box and the top of the exhaust fan, and one end of the plurality of slag dropping pipes is placed at the bottom of the limited slag ring disk. When dirt falls into the slag box, the exhaust fan draws the wind through the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes, so that the dirt drawn by the exhaust fan will be divided into a plurality of tiny dirt blocks when drawn. The exhaust fan continuously draws the dirt, and the moisture in the dirt blocks will dry and the dirt blocks will harden. Then, through the arc surface setting inside the slag box, the hardened dirt blocks will slide from the inner wall of the slag box to the bottom of the slag box, and finally flow out from the slag dropping pipe to the outside of the slag box, and then fall outside the tower through the restriction of the limited slag ring disk. Since the height of the tower is too high, to avoid excessive accumulation of dirt in the slag box, the operator needs to dump it frequently.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of inner groove boxes are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ring frame, a group of shaft rods are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the plurality of inner groove boxes, one end of a group of shaft rods is slidably connected with a card block, a group of return springs are provided between one side of the card block and the inner wall of the inner groove box, a group of return springs are placed on the outside of a group of shaft rods, a plurality of slots are provided on the inner wall of the dust wiping magnetic plate, and the plurality of card blocks can be respectively connected with the inner walls of the plurality of slots. When the dust wiping magnetic plate drives the scraping block to complete the wiping operation, the controller controls the power supply to change the direction of current flow, and the power supply energizes the electromagnetic ring plate from another group of electrical conductors, and the electromagnetic ring plate changes its magnetism to wipe the dust wiping magnetic plate. Pulling makes the dust wiping magnetic plate move upward from the top of the slag box. When the dust wiping magnetic plate moves to a certain position, the dust wiping magnetic plate squeezes the card block and moves in the inner slot box. When the dust wiping magnetic plate is reset, the card block is pushed by the reset spring and will be stuck into the slot in the dust wiping magnetic plate. The dust wiping magnetic plate is positioned so that when the power supply is cut off, the dust wiping magnetic plate will also be placed at the bottom of the electromagnetic ring plate to maintain the initial state, which will not affect the light collection operation of the receiver. The dust wiping magnetic plate is fixed by the card block, so that the dust wiping magnetic plate can remain motionless when the cleaning component is not working, thereby saving electricity in the power supply component and saving resources.

[0015] Preferably, an arc slide is fixedly installed on the top of the electromagnetic ring plate, and the electromagnetic ring plate and the dust-wiping magnetic plate are both placed inside the arc slide. The top of the arc slide is a curved surface. When encountering rainy and snowy weather, the setting of the arc slide can block the rain and snow to prevent rain and snow from falling on the receiver, playing a shielding role. By placing the electromagnetic ring plate and the dust-wiping magnetic plate inside the arc slide, both are protected and can also be prevented from interfering with the operation of the receiver.

[0016] Preferably, a refractor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the arc slide. The refractor is a dust-blocking and refraction device. During operation, since the heliostat needs to move when positioning and capturing the sun, the angle between the heliostat and the receiver will change when the heliostat rotates. By providing the refractor, the sunlight refracted by the heliostat will always be irradiated on the receiver when the heliostat rotates, thereby playing an auxiliary role in focusing light.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation device described in the present invention controls a power supply unit via a controller to energize an electromagnetic ring plate through one of the electrical conductors. The electromagnetic ring plate emits magnetism that repels a dust wiping magnetic plate. The dust wiping magnetic plate is driven downward by the magnetic repulsive force of the electromagnetic ring plate. During movement, the dust wiping scraper scrapes the receiver and the wind measuring ring, removing dirt and dust from the receiver's receiving surface and the wind measuring ring, thereby cleaning the receiver and preventing flying sand and dust on the receiver's surface from affecting the receiver's reception of light reflected from the heliostat, thereby further facilitating photovoltaic power generation operations.

[0018] 2. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention, when the detector detects that there is airflow surging at both ends of the receiver, the detector transmits the detected information to the controller through the sensor line, and then the detector continues to detect the external airflow. When the detector detects that the airflow at both ends of the receiver disappears, the controller controls the cleaning brush component to drive the dust wiping magnetic plate to wipe the surface of the receiver, so as to prevent the receiving surface of the receiver from being driven by the airflow and being covered with dust and dirt. By implanting a command in the controller, the controller controls the cleaning brush component to wipe the receiving surface of the receiver once every day and night, so as to wipe off the dew on the receiving surface of the receiver, so as to prevent the dew from lowering the temperature of the sunlight reflected by the heliostat and affecting the receiver's absorption of solar heat, thereby effectively improving the operating efficiency of the receiver. By detecting both ends of the receiver through the detector, the airflow around the receiver can be better monitored.

[0019] 3. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention, when dirt falls into the slag box, the exhaust fan separates the dirt into multiple tiny dirt blocks through multiple exhaust pipes, and the dirt blocks are continuously pumped by the exhaust fan, so that the dirt blocks will harden and dry, and then through the arc surface setting inside the slag box, the hardened dirt blocks will slide from the inner wall of the slag box to the bottom of the slag box, and finally flow out of the slag falling pipe to the outside of the slag box, and then fall outside the tower through the restriction of the slag limiting ring disk. Since the height of the tower is too high, to prevent excessive accumulation of dirt in the slag box, the operators need to dump it frequently, which can save a certain amount of manpower.

[0020] 4. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment described in the present invention supplies power to the electromagnetic ring plate from another set of electrical conductors through the power supply unit, and the electromagnetic ring plate will change its magnetism, pulling the dust wiping magnetic plate upward. When the dust wiping magnetic plate moves up, it will squeeze the card block to move in the inner groove box. When the dust wiping magnetic plate is reset, the card block will be pushed by the reset spring and will be stuck into the slot in the dust wiping magnetic plate, thereby locking the dust wiping magnetic plate. When the power supply unit is powered off, the dust wiping magnetic plate will also be placed at the bottom of the electromagnetic ring plate, maintaining its initial state, and will not affect the receiver's light collection operation. At the same time, when the cleaning component is not in operation, the dust wiping magnetic plate can also remain motionless, thereby saving electricity in the power supply unit and saving resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is the main figure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an overall diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air inlet in the present invention; Figure 4It is a structural diagram of the inner tank box in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detector in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card block in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the notch in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slag dropping pipe in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure shaft in the present invention; Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc slide in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Tower; 2. Heliostat; 3. Arc slide; 4. Receiver; 5. Wind measuring ring; 6. Slag limiting ring; 7. Exhaust fan; 8. Dust wiping magnetic plate; 9. Electromagnetic ring plate; 10. Air inlet; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Slag box; 13. Controller; 14. Power supply; 15. Inner tank box; 16. Detector; 17. Ring frame; 18. Block; 19. Slag scraper; 20. Return spring; 21. Shaft; 22. Notch; 23. Slag drop pipe; 24. Pressure shaft; 25. Pressure spring; 26. Blocking ring; 27. Dust baffle; 28. Refractor; 29. Electric wire; 30. Sensing line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention includes a tower 1, heliostats 2, and a receiver 4. The tower 1 is vertically mounted on the ground, and the receiver 4 is fixedly mounted on the top of the tower 1. There are multiple heliostats 2, which are sequentially arranged on the ground. The tower 1 is placed in the middle of the multiple heliostats 2. A cleaning assembly is provided on the top of the receiver 4. The cleaning assembly includes a dust wiping magnetic plate 8, which wipes off flying sand and dust that fall on the surface of the receiver 4. When the tower photovoltaic power generation device is in operation, since the tower photovoltaic power generation device is placed in deserts, Gobi and other areas, the receiver is easily attached with dust and dirt, which can easily affect the receiver's reception of sunlight reflected by the heliostat 2; By selecting a relatively wide desert, Gobi and other areas as the installation area, the receiver 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the tower 1, and then the tower 1 is placed in the middle of the installation area. Through angle measurement and calculation, several heliostats 2 are regularly placed around the tower 1 in sequence, so that the reflective mirrors of the several heliostats 2 and the receiving end of the receiver 4 are in a reflecting and receiving state. When the two are placed, photovoltaic power generation operations can be carried out. During photovoltaic power generation operations, due to the large difference between day and night in deserts, Gobi and other areas, dew is easily formed on the receiver 4 at night. When the external wind is too strong, the airflow will drive the flying dust and flying sand in the air to float. When the airflow drives the flying dust and flying sand to blow onto the receiver 4, the flying dust and flying sand will adhere to the dew on the receiver 4 to form dirt on the receiver 4. At this time, the cleaning brush component provided on the top of the receiver 4 is in operation. The cleaning brush component drives the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to wipe off the flying sand and flying dust on the surface of the receiver 4, thereby preventing the flying sand and flying dust on the surface of the receiver 4 from affecting the receiver 4's reception of the light reflected by the heliostat 2, which is more conducive to the operation.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the detection assembly includes two wind measuring rings 5, and the number of the two wind measuring rings 5 is symmetrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the receiver 4. A controller 13 is fixedly mounted inside each of the two wind measuring rings 5, and a plurality of sensor wires 30 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the controller 13. A detector 16 is provided between the controller 13 and the inner wall of the wind measuring ring 5, and one end of the plurality of sensor wires 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detector 16. During operation, the detector 16 in the wind measuring ring 5 detects both ends of the receiver 4. When the detector 16 detects that there is airflow surging at both ends of the receiver 4, the detector 16 transmits the detected information to the controller 13 through the sensor line 30. Then the detector 16 continues to detect the external airflow. When the detector 16 detects that the airflow at both ends of the receiver 4 disappears, the controller 13 controls the cleaning brush component to drive the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to wipe off the surface of the receiver 4 to prevent the receiving surface of the receiver 4 from being driven by the airflow and being covered with dust and dirt. By implanting a command in the controller 13, the controller 13 controls the cleaning brush component to wipe the receiving surface of the receiver 4 once every day and night, so as to wipe off the dew on the receiving surface of the receiver 4 and prevent the dew from lowering the temperature of the sunlight reflected by the heliostat 2 and affecting the absorption of solar heat by the receiver 4. This can effectively improve the operating efficiency of the receiver 4. By detecting both ends of the receiver 4 through the detector 16, the airflow around the receiver 4 can be better monitored. It should be noted that the detector 16 is a wind detector.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the inner walls of the two wind measuring rings 5 are provided with a plurality of air inlets 10; When there is airflow outside, the airflow enters the wind measuring ring 5 through the air inlet 10 on the wind measuring ring 5, and then the airflow entering is detected by the detector 16. By opening a plurality of air inlets 10 on the outer wall of the wind measuring ring 5, the detector 16 can detect the whole body of the receiver 4, thereby achieving the effect of detection without blind spots. It should be noted here that the air inlet ends of the multiple air inlets 10 are all provided with dust filter plates.

[0028] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the cleaning assembly includes a ring frame 17, which is fixedly mounted on the top of one of the wind measuring rings 5, a power supply 14 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the inner wall of the ring frame 17, an electromagnetic ring plate 9 is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer wall of the ring frame 17, a plurality of electric conductors 29 are fixedly mounted between the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and the power supply 14, a dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is arranged below the electromagnetic ring plate 9, a slag scraper 19 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring wall of the dust wiping magnetic plate 8, and the slag scraper 19 is slidably connected to the receiver 4 and the outer walls of the two wind measuring rings 5; When cleaning dirt, the controller 13 controls the power supply 14 to energize the electromagnetic ring plate 9 through one group of electrical conductors 29. The electromagnetic ring plate 9 emits magnetism to repel the dust wiping magnetic plate 8. The dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is subjected to the magnetic repulsive force of the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and will drive the scraper block 19 to move downward. When moving, the scraper block 19 scrapes the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5 to wipe off the dirt and dust on the receiving surface of the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5, thereby cleaning the dirt. It should be noted here that the bottom end of the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is higher than the bottom end height of the scraper block 19, and the multiple electrical conductors 29 can be divided into two groups. The current directions in the two groups of electrical conductors 29 are opposite, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged inside the electromagnetic ring plate 9.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, the bottom of another wind measuring ring 5 is fixedly mounted on the slag box 12, and the bottom of the slag box 12 is fixedly mounted with an exhaust fan 7. The slag box 12 and the exhaust fan 7 are both fixedly arranged on the outside of the tower 1, and a plurality of exhaust pipes 11 are fixedly mounted between the slag box 12 and the exhaust fan 7. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 scrapes the dirt to the top of the slag box 12, the exhaust fan 7 draws air into the slag box 12 through the exhaust pipe 11, and the dirt wiped off by the slag scraping block 19 is pulled by the exhaust force of the exhaust fan 7 and placed in the slag box 12 for collection, which plays a role in collecting dirt and prevents the slag scraping block 19 from being adhered to dirt after dirt removal. In the subsequent light collection process of the receiver 4, the dirt dries and adheres to the slag scraping block 19, which is not conducive to subsequent dirt removal operations. It should be noted here that the exhaust force set by the exhaust fan 7 should be greater than the adhesion force of the dirt on the slag scraping block 19.

[0030] like Figures 8 and 9As shown, a plurality of pressure shafts 24 are slidably connected to the top of the inner wall of the slag box 12, a blocking ring 26 is provided on the inner wall of the slag box 12, the outer ring wall of the blocking ring 26 is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of pressure shafts 24, and a pressure spring 25 is provided between the plurality of pressure shafts 24 and the inner wall of the slag box 12, and ash baffles 27 are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the plurality of pressure shafts 24, and the plurality of ash baffles 27 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the slag box 12; When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 moves down to a certain position, the bottom of the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 squeezes the pressure shaft 24 on the top of the slag box 12, and the pressure shaft 24 is compressed to squeeze the pressure spring 25 to drive the blocking ring 26 to move down from the top of the inner wall of the slag box 12, and the opening at the top of the slag box 12 is opened. At this time, the exhaust force emitted by the exhaust fan 7 pulls the dirt hanging on the slag scraper 19, and the dirt is driven by the suction force to enter the slag box 12 for collection. When the plate 8 is removed from the top of the slag box 12, the blocking ring 26 will be reset under the action of the elastic force of the pressure spring 25, blocking the opening at the top of the slag box 12 to prevent the dirt in the slag box 12 from being affected by the airflow after drying and floating out of the opening at the top of the slag box 12 and falling onto the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5, affecting the operation. It should be noted here that the opening position of the slag box 12 should correspond to the position of the gap between the slag scraper 19 and the dust wiping magnetic plate 8.

[0031] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, a plurality of slag dropping pipes 23 are fixedly installed on the top of the slag box 12. The plurality of slag dropping pipes 23 are through-tubes. A slag limiting ring disc 6 is fixedly installed between the bottom of the slag box 12 and the top of the exhaust fan 7. One end of the plurality of slag dropping pipes 23 is placed at the bottom of the slag limiting ring disc 6. When dirt falls into the slag box 12, since the exhaust fan 7 pumps the wind through the exhaust pipe 11, the exhaust pipe 11 is provided with multiple, so that the dirt pumped by the exhaust fan 7 will be divided into multiple small dirt blocks when pumping. The exhaust fan 7 continuously pumps it, and the moisture in the dirt blocks will dry out and the dirt blocks will harden. Then, through the arc surface setting inside the slag box 12, the hardened dirt blocks will slide from the inner wall of the slag box 12 to the bottom of the slag box 12, and finally flow out from the slag falling pipe 23 to The slag is placed outside the slag box 12 and then falls outside the tower 1 through the restriction of the slag limiting ring 6. Since the height of the tower 1 is too high, in order to prevent excessive accumulation of dirt in the slag box 12, the operators need to dump it frequently. It should be noted here that the slag dropping diameter of the slag dropping pipe 23 should be larger than the diameter of the dirt block. Inside the slag box 12, a sliding slag track should be opened between the exhaust pipe 11 and the slag dropping pipe 23. The inner surface of the slag box 12 should be provided with anti-fouling materials, such as three-proof cloth, anti-fouling nano-coatings, etc.

[0032] like Figures 6 and 7As shown, a plurality of inner groove boxes 15 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the ring frame 17, and a group of shaft rods 21 are fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the plurality of inner groove boxes 15. One end of each group of shaft rods 21 is slidably connected to a clamping block 18. A group of return springs 20 are provided between one side of the clamping block 18 and the inner wall of the inner groove box 15. The group of return springs 20 are placed outside the group of shaft rods 21. A plurality of notches 22 are opened on the inner wall of the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8, and the plurality of clamping blocks 18 can be respectively engaged with the inner walls of the plurality of notches 22. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 drives the scraping block 19 to complete the wiping operation, the controller 13 controls the power supply 14 to change the direction of current flow. The power supply 14 energizes the electromagnetic ring plate 9 from another set of electrical conductors 29. The electromagnetic ring plate 9 changes its magnetism and pulls the dust wiping magnetic plate 8, causing the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to move upward from the top of the slag box 12. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 moves to a certain position, the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 squeezes the card block 18 to move in the inner groove box 15. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is reset, at this time, The card block 18 is pushed by the return spring 20 and will be stuck into the groove 22 in the dust wiping magnetic plate 8, so that the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is positioned so that when the power supply unit 14 is powered off, the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 will also be placed at the bottom of the electromagnetic ring plate 9, maintaining the initial state, and will not affect the light collection operation of the receiver 4. The card block 18 can fix the dust wiping magnetic plate 8, so that the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 can remain stationary when the cleaning component is not working, thereby saving electricity in the power supply unit 14 and saving resources.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the arc slide 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the electromagnetic ring plate 9, the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8 are both placed inside the arc slide 3, and the top of the arc slide 3 is a curved surface; When encountering rainy and snowy weather, the arc slide 3 can be set to block the rain and snow, preventing it from falling on the receiver 4, playing a shielding role. By placing the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8 inside the arc slide 3, both are protected and can also be prevented from interfering with the operation of the receiver 4. It should be noted here that the setting diameter of the arc slide 3 is the maximum value of the receiver 4 being exposed to rain and snow.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a deflector 28 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the arc slide 3, and the deflector 28 is a dust-proof and deflecting device; During operation, since the heliostat 2 needs to move when positioning and capturing the sun, the angle between the heliostat 2 and the receiver 4 will change when the heliostat 2 rotates. By providing the refractor 28, the sunlight refracted by the heliostat 2 will always shine on the receiver 4 when the heliostat 2 rotates, thereby playing an auxiliary role in focusing light.

[0035] Working principle: By selecting a relatively wide desert, Gobi and other areas as the installation area, the receiver 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the tower 1, and then the tower 1 is placed in the middle of the installation area. Through angle measurement and calculation, several heliostats 2 are regularly placed around the tower 1 in sequence, so that the reflective mirrors of the several heliostats 2 and the receiving end of the receiver 4 are in a state of reflection and reception. When the two are placed, photovoltaic power generation operations can be carried out. During photovoltaic power generation operations, due to the large difference between day and night in deserts, Gobi and other areas, it is very easy to form a circle on the receiver 4 at night. When the external wind is too strong, the airflow will drive the flying dust and flying sand in the air to float. When the airflow drives the flying dust and flying sand to blow onto the receiver 4, the flying dust and flying sand will adhere to the dew on the receiver 4 and form dirt on the receiver 4. At this time, the cleaning component provided on the top of the receiver 4 starts working. The cleaning component drives the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to wipe off the flying sand and flying dust on the surface of the receiver 4, preventing the flying sand and flying dust on the surface of the receiver 4 from affecting the receiver 4's reception of the light reflected by the heliostat 2, which is more conducive to the operation. During operation, the detector 16 in the wind measuring ring 5 detects both ends of the receiver 4. When the detector 16 detects that there is airflow surging at both ends of the receiver 4, the detector 16 transmits the detected information to the controller 13 through the sensor line 30. Then the detector 16 continues to detect the external airflow. When the detector 16 detects that the airflow at both ends of the receiver 4 disappears, the controller 13 controls the cleaning brush component to drive the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to wipe off the surface of the receiver 4 to prevent the receiving surface of the receiver 4 from being driven by the airflow and being covered with dust and dirt. By implanting a command in the controller 13, the controller 13 controls the cleaning brush component to wipe the receiving surface of the receiver 4 once every day and night, so as to wipe off the dew on the receiving surface of the receiver 4 and prevent the dew from lowering the temperature of the sunlight reflected by the heliostat 2 and affecting the absorption of solar heat by the receiver 4. This can effectively improve the operating efficiency of the receiver 4. By detecting both ends of the receiver 4 through the detector 16, the airflow around the receiver 4 can be better monitored. When there is airflow outside, the airflow enters the wind measuring ring 5 through the air inlet 10 on the wind measuring ring 5, and then the airflow entering is detected by the detector 16. By opening a plurality of air inlets 10 on the outer wall of the wind measuring ring 5, the detector 16 can detect the entire body of the receiver 4, achieving the effect of detecting without blind spots; When cleaning dirt, the controller 13 controls the power supply 14 to energize the electromagnetic ring plate 9 through one of the sets of electrical conductors 29. The electromagnetic ring plate 9 emits magnetism to repel the dust wiping magnetic plate 8. The dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is subjected to the magnetic repulsive force of the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and drives the scraping block 19 to move downward. When moving, the scraping block 19 scrapes the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5, wiping off the dirt and dust on the receiving surface of the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5, thereby cleaning the dirt. When the dusting magnetic plate 8 scrapes the dirt to the top of the slag box 12, the exhaust fan 7 draws air into the slag box 12 through the exhaust pipe 11, and the dirt wiped off by the slag scraping block 19 is pulled by the exhaust force of the exhaust fan 7 and placed in the slag box 12 for collection, thereby playing a role in collecting dirt and preventing the slag scraping block 19 from being stained with dirt after cleaning. In the subsequent light collection process of the receiver 4, the dirt dries and adheres to the slag scraping block 19, which is not conducive to the subsequent cleaning operation. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 moves down to a certain position, the bottom of the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 presses the pressure shaft 24 on the top of the slag box 12, and the pressure shaft 24 is compressed, thereby squeezing the pressure spring 25 to drive the blocking ring 26 to move down from the top of the inner wall of the slag box 12, and the opening at the top of the slag box 12 is opened. At this time, the suction force emitted by the exhaust fan 7 pulls the dirt hanging on the slag scraper 19, and the dirt is driven by the suction force to enter the slag box 12 for collection. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is removed from the top of the slag box 12, the blocking ring 26 is reset under the action of the elastic force of the pressure spring 25, blocking the opening at the top of the slag box 12, preventing the dirt in the slag box 12 from floating out of the opening at the top of the slag box 12 and falling onto the receiver 4 and the wind measuring ring 5 after drying under the influence of airflow, affecting the operation; When the dirt falls into the slag box 12, the exhaust fan 7 pumps the wind through the exhaust pipe 11, and the exhaust pipe 11 is provided with multiple dirt blocks. The dirt pulled by the exhaust fan 7 will be divided into multiple small dirt blocks during the pumping. The exhaust fan 7 continuously pumps the dirt blocks, and the moisture in the dirt blocks will dry out and the dirt blocks will harden. Then, through the arc surface setting inside the slag box 12, the hardened dirt blocks will slide from the inner wall of the slag box 12 to the bottom of the slag box 12, and finally flow out of the slag falling pipe 23 to the outside of the slag box 12, and then fall outside the tower 1 through the restriction of the slag limiting ring plate 6. Since the height of the tower 1 is too high, it is necessary to frequently dump the dirt to avoid excessive accumulation of dirt in the slag box 12. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 drives the scraping block 19 to complete the wiping operation, the controller 13 controls the power supply 14 to change the direction of current flow. The power supply 14 energizes the electromagnetic ring plate 9 from another set of electrical conductors 29. The electromagnetic ring plate 9 changes its magnetism and pulls the dust wiping magnetic plate 8, causing the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 to move upward from the top of the slag box 12. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 moves to a certain position, the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 squeezes the card block 18 to move in the inner groove box 15. When the dust wiping magnetic plate 8 is reset, at this time, The clamping block 18 is pushed by the return spring 20 and is clamped into the notch 22 in the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8, thereby clamping the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8. When the power supply unit 14 is powered off, the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8 is also placed at the bottom of the electromagnetic ring plate 9, maintaining the initial state, and will not affect the light collection operation of the receiver 4. The clamping block 18 clamps the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8, so that when the cleaning assembly is not in operation, the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8 can also remain stationary, thereby saving power in the power supply unit 14 and saving resources. When encountering rainy and snowy weather, the arc slide 3 can block the rain and snow to prevent it from falling on the receiver 4, playing a shielding role. By placing the electromagnetic ring plate 9 and the dust-wiping magnetic plate 8 inside the arc slide 3, both are protected and can also be prevented from interfering with the operation of the receiver 4. During operation, since the heliostat 2 needs to move when positioning and capturing the sun, the angle between the heliostat 2 and the receiver 4 will change when the heliostat 2 rotates. By providing the refractor 28, the sunlight refracted by the heliostat 2 will always shine on the receiver 4 when the heliostat 2 rotates, thereby playing an auxiliary role in focusing light.

[0036] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tower photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that: It includes a tower, a heliostat and a receiver. The tower is vertically installed on the ground. The receiver is fixedly installed on the top of the tower. There are multiple heliostats, which are arranged in sequence on the ground. The tower is placed in the middle of the multiple heliostats. A cleaning component is provided on the top of the receiver. The cleaning component includes a dust wiping magnetic plate. The dust wiping magnetic plate wipes off the flying sand and dust that fall on the surface of the receiver.

2. A tower-type photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes two wind measuring rings, and the two wind measuring rings are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the receiver. A controller is fixedly installed inside the two wind measuring rings, and multiple sensor wires are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the controller. A detector is arranged between the controller and the inner wall of the wind measuring ring, and one end of the multiple sensor wires is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detector.

3. A tower-type photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two wind measuring rings are each provided with a plurality of air inlets.

4. A tower-type photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brushing assembly includes a ring frame, which is fixedly installed on the top of one of the wind measuring rings. A power supply is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner wall of the ring frame, an electromagnetic ring plate is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the ring frame, and multiple electric wires are fixedly installed between the electromagnetic ring plate and the power supply. The dust wiping magnetic plate is arranged below the electromagnetic ring plate, and a slag scraper is fixedly installed on the inner ring wall of the dust wiping magnetic plate. The slag scraper is slidably connected to the receiver and the outer walls of the two wind measuring rings.

5. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of another wind measuring ring is fixedly installed on the slag box, the bottom of the slag box is fixedly installed with an exhaust fan, the slag box and the exhaust fan are fixedly arranged outside the tower, and multiple exhaust pipes are fixedly installed between the slag box and the exhaust fan.

6. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the inner wall of the slag box is slidably connected with multiple pressure shafts, the inner wall of the slag box is provided with a blocking ring, the outer ring wall of the blocking ring is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple pressure shafts, pressure springs are provided between the multiple pressure shafts and the inner wall of the slag box, the outer walls of the multiple pressure shafts are fixedly installed with ash baffles, and the multiple ash baffles are slidably connected to the inner wall of the slag box.

7. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of slag dropping pipes are fixedly installed on the top of the slag box. The plurality of slag dropping pipes are through-tubes. A slag limiting ring disk is fixedly installed between the bottom of the slag box and the top of the exhaust fan. One end of the plurality of slag dropping pipes is placed at the bottom of the slag limiting ring disk.

8. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of inner groove boxes are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ring frame, a group of shaft rods are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the plurality of inner groove boxes, one end of a group of shaft rods is slidably connected with a clamping block, a group of return springs are arranged between one side of the clamping block and the inner wall of the inner groove box, a group of return springs are placed outside a group of shaft rods, a plurality of slots are opened on the inner wall of the dust wiping magnetic plate, and a plurality of clamping blocks can be respectively clamped with the inner walls of the plurality of slots.

9. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: An arc slide is fixedly installed on the top of the electromagnetic ring plate. The electromagnetic ring plate and the dust wiping magnetic plate are both placed inside the arc slide. The top of the arc slide is a curved surface.

10. The tower-type photovoltaic power generation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: A deflector is fixedly installed on the bottom of the arc slide, and the deflector is a dust-proof and deflecting device.

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