Vehicle-mounted passive optical network area gateway and protocol conversion method

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted passive optical network area gateway and a protocol conversion method. The gateway comprises an interface module which comprises a plurality of communication interfaces, wherein the communication interfaces are used for receiving messages of a low-speed network protocol; the data processing module adopts an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) core board and is used for receiving a message, extracting effective information from the message, packaging the effective information to obtain an Ethernet protocol frame and converting the Ethernet protocol frame into an SDU (Service Data Unit); and the ONU optical module is used for performing data link layer processing on the SDU to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and performing physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame. The gateway can realize data access of multiple paths of CAN nodes, LIN nodes and vehicle-mounted Ethernet nodes at the same time, meets the communication protocol conversion function of low-speed nodes in each region in a real vehicle environment, and is integrated into a whole vehicle all-optical backbone network. The method is used for converting data complying with a low-speed network protocol into data complying with an XGS-PON protocol.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of passive optical networks, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway and a protocol conversion method. Background Art

[0002] As vehicles become increasingly intelligent and connected, automotive-grade communication networks face numerous challenges: low latency, high bandwidth, high reliability, scalability, and deterministic behavior. As a solution, it is expected that in-vehicle communication networks will shift from copper to fiber, with the backbone network adopting a 10G symmetrical passive optical network (PON). However, existing automotive sensors and actuators mostly operate on low-speed network protocols such as CAN and LIN. Collected control signals and other data must be converted via a gateway into data compliant with the PON (Passive Optical Network) protocol before being fed into the PON backbone network to leverage its advantages.

[0003] Although fiber-optic connectivity is a key development trend for next-generation vehicles, few studies analyze the conversion between low-speed and high-speed protocols. Furthermore, there is a lack of logical steps and practical implementations for real-time and efficient gateway forwarding for CAN bus protocols, CAN-FD bus protocols, LIN bus protocols, automotive Ethernet protocols, and automotive passive optical networks (such as XGS-PON protocols). Existing automotive controller gateways lack the hardware controllers required to implement the conversion between these low-speed and high-speed protocols for high-speed PON networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is how to convert the original vehicle data that complies with the low-speed network protocol into data that complies with the XGS-PON protocol through a gateway. The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway and a protocol conversion method.

[0005] According to the first aspect, an embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway, including:

[0006] An interface module, comprising a plurality of communication interfaces, each of which is configured to receive messages of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the low-speed network protocol comprises a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol, or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol, and each of the communication interfaces receives messages of a low-speed network protocol;

[0007] A data processing module, wherein the data processing module adopts an FPGA core board and is configured to receive the messages transmitted by the plurality of communication interfaces, extract valid information from the messages, encapsulate the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit; wherein the service data unit is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information;

[0008] The ONU optical module is configured to perform a first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and perform a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to an optical line terminal of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network, and the vehicle-mounted passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

[0009] In one embodiment, extracting valid information from the message includes:

[0010] Parsing the transmitted message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to identify the type of the message;

[0011] Extracting valid information of the message according to the feature identifier;

[0012] The converting of the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit includes:

[0013] The portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame except the preamble and the start frame delimiter is used as the service data unit.

[0014] In one embodiment, performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame includes:

[0015] Adding data packet headers to the multiple service data units to obtain multiple XGEM frames; wherein the data packet headers include control information for error detection and flow control, and the XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol;

[0016] Splicing the multiple XGEM frames into a FS frame;

[0017] A frame header and a frame trailer are added to the FS frame to form a first FS burst frame; wherein the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; wherein the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

[0018] In one embodiment, the ONU optical module is further configured to receive an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal, perform second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame.

[0019] performing second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit in the downlink FS frame;

[0020] The data processing module is further used to convert the service data unit in the downlink FS frame into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the second Ethernet protocol frame into a message of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the communication interface is further used to send the message obtained from the second Ethernet protocol frame.

[0021] In one embodiment, it further includes an optical fiber interface; the ONU optical module connects the burst mode optical signal frame to the all-optical backbone network through the optical fiber interface.

[0022] According to the second aspect, an embodiment provides a protocol conversion method, including:

[0023] Receiving a message of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the low-speed network protocol includes a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol;

[0024] Extracting valid information from the message, encapsulating the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit; wherein the service data unit is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information;

[0025] The service data unit is subjected to first data link layer processing to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and the uplink FS burst frame is subjected to first physical layer processing to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to an optical line terminal of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network, and the vehicle-mounted passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

[0026] In one embodiment, extracting valid information from the message includes:

[0027] Parsing the message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to determine the type of the message;

[0028] Extracting valid information of the message according to the feature identifier;

[0029] The converting of the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit includes:

[0030] The portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame except the preamble and the start frame delimiter is used as the service data unit.

[0031] In one embodiment, performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame includes:

[0032] Adding data packet headers to the multiple service data units to obtain multiple XGEM frames; wherein the data packet headers include control information for error detection and flow control, and the XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol;

[0033] Splicing the multiple XGEM frames into a FS frame;

[0034] A frame header and a frame trailer are added to the FS frame to form a first FS burst frame; wherein the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

[0035] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0036] receiving an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal, performing second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, and performing second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit in the downlink FS frame;

[0037] The service data unit in the downlink FS frame is converted into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and the second Ethernet protocol frame is converted into a message of a low-speed network protocol.

[0038] According to a third aspect, an embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a program, wherein the program can be executed by a processor to implement the method described in any embodiment herein.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0040] The gateway of the present application includes: an interface module, including several communication interfaces, which are used to receive messages of low-speed network protocols; a data processing module, which uses an FPGA core board and is configured to receive messages transmitted by the several communication interfaces, extract valid information from the messages, encapsulate the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the first Ethernet protocol frame into an SDU; an ONU optical module, which is configured to perform a first data link layer processing on the SDU to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and perform a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame, thereby converting the original CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol or on-board Ethernet protocol data of the vehicle into data that complies with the XGS-PON protocol. In addition, since the above-mentioned data processing module uses an FPGA core board, the delay in the process of converting the received message into the SDU can be significantly reduced;

[0041] The protocol conversion method of the present application includes receiving a message of a low-speed network protocol; extracting valid information from the message, encapsulating the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit; performing a first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, performing a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame, thereby converting data complying with the low-speed network protocol into data complying with the XGS-PON protocol. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a module of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a module of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to another embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a protocol conversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 The figure is a flow chart of performing first data link layer processing on a service data unit (SDU) to obtain an uplink FS burst frame according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below by means of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are numbered with associated similar elements. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are provided to enable the present application to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that some of the features may be omitted in different circumstances, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid the core portion of the present application being overwhelmed by excessive descriptions, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail. They will fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0047] In addition, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any appropriate manner to form various embodiments. Furthermore, the steps or actions in the method description may be reordered or adjusted in a manner readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are provided solely for the purpose of clearly describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to be mandatory, unless otherwise specified.

[0048] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

[0049] The electronic and electrical architecture of intelligent connected vehicles is developing rapidly. In the process of applying passive optical network (PON) communication technology to vehicles, the research on vehicle-mounted passive optical networks must undergo bench functional verification. The main function of the gateway in the electronic and electrical architecture of the entire vehicle is message forwarding and protocol conversion. Introducing the passive optical network (PON) into the vehicle's network architecture and using it as a backbone network transmission will cause compatibility issues between the vehicle's original low-speed network protocol and the high-speed network protocol. In addition, the difficulty in converting between low-speed network protocols and PON protocols (such as the XGS-PON protocol) is that the delay caused by the conversion process is usually high. If the delay caused by the vehicle control instructions after conversion is too large, it may affect the stability of the control system.

[0050] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to convert the original data of the entire vehicle that complies with the CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol or vehicle Ethernet protocol into data that complies with the PON protocol (such as the XGS-PON protocol) in the vehicle-mounted passive optical network (such as the bench function verification), so as to connect the gateway (such as the vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway of the present application) as an ONU (optical network unit) node to the vehicle PON network.

[0051] The first step toward a heterogeneous in-vehicle PON topology is to effectively convert low-speed and high-speed network protocols. This application proposes a gateway hardware architecture based on an FPGA core board to achieve efficient conversion between low-speed and high-speed network protocols (such as the XGS-PON protocol) for existing commonly used in-vehicle protocols: CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol, automotive Ethernet protocol, and optical network high-speed communication protocol XGS-PON.

[0052] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , this application proposes a vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway, including:

[0054] The interface module 100 includes one or more communication interfaces for receiving messages of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the low-speed network protocol includes a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol, or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol, and each of the communication interfaces receives messages of a low-speed network protocol;

[0055] The data processing module 200 uses an FPGA core board and is configured to perform the following processing flow: Step 200) receives messages transmitted by the plurality of communication interfaces, extracts valid information from the transmitted messages, encapsulates the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame, and converts the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU); wherein the service data unit (SDU) is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information;

[0056] The ONU optical module 300 is configured to perform the following processing flow: Step 300) performs first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and performs first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to the OLT (optical line terminal) of the on-board passive optical network, and the on-board passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

[0057] It should be noted that each communication interface receives messages of one protocol, but it is not limited to that messages of each protocol are received by only one interface.

[0058] It should be noted that this on-board passive optical network regional gateway primarily converts the vehicle's original CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol, or on-board Ethernet protocol data into data compliant with the XGS-PON protocol. The reason this gateway converts data compliant with low-speed network protocols only to data compliant with the XGS-PON protocol is that currently only the XGS-PON protocol meets the bandwidth requirements for fiber-optic on-board communication, and higher-bandwidth protocols are not yet mature.

[0059] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can determine the number and type of communication interfaces in the interface module according to actual needs. The above message may contain virtual data, simulated data and other content.

[0060] In some embodiments, the hardware architecture of the gateway adopts a modular design and integrates multiple communication interfaces for receiving messages of the CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol and in-vehicle Ethernet protocol.

[0061] In step 200, "encapsulating the valid information to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame" is implemented using an FPGA core board. The FPGA core board is a core hardware module designed based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) chip. It typically includes an FPGA chip, memory, clock management circuits, and interface circuits, and is used for rapid development and verification of FPGA applications. A major advantage of FPGAs is their parallel processing capabilities. Through parallel processing, FPGAs can significantly increase processing speed and reduce latency.

[0062] In some embodiments, the FPGA core board may include a CAN / CANFD submodule, a LIN submodule, an in-vehicle Ethernet submodule, and an XGS-PON submodule. The CAN / CANFD submodule is used to adapt to common nodes in the in-vehicle CAN network and supports protocol parsing of high-speed CAN-FD and low-speed CAN. The CAN / CANFD submodule can receive messages of the CAN bus protocol and / or the CAN-FD bus protocol, and parse the messages of the CAN bus protocol and / or the CAN-FD bus protocol, extract the valid information of the message, and fill it into the corresponding first Ethernet protocol frame. Among them, the specific process of encapsulating the valid information in the message of the CAN bus protocol and / or the CAN-FD bus protocol to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame can refer to the first Ethernet protocol frame for the AVTP format in the IEEE 1722 protocol for the carrying of the CAN / CANFD message, so it will not be repeated here. After completing the protocol conversion of the CAN / CANFD protocol, the message of the CAN bus protocol and / or the CAN-FD bus protocol is transmitted to the fixed allocated memory of the FPGA core board, waiting for the XGS-PON submodule to call. The LIN submodule is used to adapt to common nodes in the vehicle-mounted LIN network and supports protocol parsing of multiple LIN communication standards. The LIN submodule can receive messages of the LIN bus protocol, parse the messages of the LIN bus protocol, extract the valid information of the message, and fill it into the corresponding first Ethernet protocol frame. Among them, the specific process of encapsulating the valid information in the message of the LIN bus protocol to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame can refer to the carrying of the message of the LIN bus protocol by the first Ethernet protocol frame in the AVTP format in the IEEE 1722 protocol, so it will not be repeated here. After completing the protocol conversion of the LIN protocol, the message of the LIN bus protocol is transmitted to the fixed allocated memory of the FPGA core board, waiting for the XGS-PON submodule to call. The vehicle-mounted Ethernet submodule is used to adapt to common nodes in vehicle-mounted Ethernet (such as 1000BASE-T1) and supports the parsing of vehicle-mounted Ethernet (such as 1000BASE-T1) protocols. The vehicle Ethernet submodule can receive the message of the vehicle Ethernet protocol, parse the message of the vehicle Ethernet protocol, extract the valid information of the message, and fill it into the corresponding first Ethernet protocol frame. Among them, the specific process of encapsulating the valid information in the message of the vehicle Ethernet protocol to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame can refer to the IEEE 1722 protocol for the first Ethernet protocol frame in the AVTP format to carry the message of the vehicle Ethernet protocol, so it will not be repeated here. After completing the protocol conversion of the vehicle Ethernet protocol, the message of the vehicle Ethernet protocol is transmitted to the fixed allocated memory of the FPGA core board, waiting for the XGS-PON submodule to call.The XGS-PON submodule is the key to completing the optical communication protocol conversion, and is used to convert the first Ethernet protocol frame obtained by the above-mentioned low-speed network protocol conversion into the service data unit (SDU) in the XGS-PON protocol.

[0063] In step 200, converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU) includes: using the portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame other than the preamble and the start frame delimiter (SFD) (e.g., the destination MAC address, source MAC address, type / length field, data, and frame check sequence (FCS)) as the service data unit (SDU). In other words, the preamble and the start frame delimiter (SFD) in the first Ethernet protocol frame are discarded, and the remaining portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame (e.g., the destination MAC address, source MAC address, type / length field, data, and frame check sequence (FCS)) is used as the service data unit (SDU).

[0064] It should be noted that in step 200, the specific process of "converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit" can be directly referred to G.9807. The concept of service data unit (SDU) comes from page 15 of G.9807.1. Among them, G.9807 is a standard issued by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T), which defines the technical specifications of 10G symmetric passive optical network (XGS-PON). XGS-PON is an evolved version of GPON and XG-PON, supporting 10Gbps bandwidth symmetrical in upstream and downstream, and is suitable for application scenarios with high bandwidth requirements, such as 5G backhaul, high-definition video, cloud computing, etc. G.9807 mainly specifies the technical requirements of passive optical networks (PON), covering the physical layer, transmission convergence layer (TC layer) and network management of various PON technologies such as XGS-PON.

[0065] The IEEE 1722 protocol is a standard for audio and video transmission and is part of the IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) family of standards. Designed for low-latency, highly synchronized audio and video streaming over Ethernet networks, it is widely used in professional audio and video, automotive, industrial automation, and other fields.

[0066] In some embodiments, in step 200, extracting valid information from the transmitted message includes:

[0067] Step 210: Parse the transmitted message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to identify the type of the message;

[0068] Step 211: Extract valid information of the message based on the feature identifier. In some embodiments, the feature identifier is also used to identify the processing method of the message. The purpose of determining the feature identifier of the message is to prepare for subsequent encapsulation.

[0069] It should be noted that the specific processes of step 210 and step 211 are existing technologies in this field, so they will not be described again here.

[0070] In some embodiments, in step 200, encapsulating the valid information to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame includes: padding the valid information into the payload of the first Ethernet protocol frame; and adding a header of the first Ethernet protocol frame. The header of the first Ethernet protocol frame may include a destination MAC address, a source MAC address, a type / length field, and a trailer. It is understood that the valid information serves as the payload of the first Ethernet protocol frame.

[0071] It should be noted that the specific process of "encapsulating the valid information to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame" belongs to the existing technology in this field, so it will not be repeated here.

[0072] In some embodiments, in step 300, please refer to Figure 4 , performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit SDU to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, including:

[0073] Step 311: Add data packet headers (such as Figure 4 H in the image) and obtain multiple XGEM frames (such as Figure 4 M in ); wherein, SDU can be used as the payload of XGEM frame (such as Figure 4 h) in the

[0074] Step 312: Combine and encapsulate multiple XGEM frames M to obtain FS frames (such as Figure 4 S in );

[0075] Step 313: In the FS frame (such as Figure 4 Add a frame header (such as S in Figure 4 S1 in the frame) and the end of the frame (such as Figure 4 S2 in the form of the first FS burst frame (such as Figure 4 T in ); wherein, the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

[0076] In some embodiments, in step 311 , the data packet header includes information for error detection and flow control, and the XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol.

[0077] In some embodiments, in step 312, the FS frame is a larger frame structure composed of multiple XGEM frames. The FS frame is a frame structure in the XGS-PON protocol. The FS frame is a unique design of the XGS-PON protocol, reflecting the technological evolution of the XGS-PON protocol in uplink transmission. The concept of the FS frame also originates from G.9807.3. The purpose of "combining and encapsulating multiple XGEM frames to form an FS frame" is to optimize data flow and improve transmission efficiency.

[0078] In some embodiments, in step 313, the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; wherein the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

[0079] In some embodiments, in step 313 , the frame header and the frame trailer may further include error detection and correction information.

[0080] It should be noted that the specific process from step 311 to step 313 may directly refer to the relevant content of the above-mentioned G.9807.

[0081] It can be understood that the functions of the first data link layer (MAC layer) processing in step 300 may include: 1) receiving XGEM frames from the upper layer (such as in-vehicle Ethernet, etc.) to encapsulate multi-protocol data into a unified format; 2) allocating time slots for uplink data transmission according to the bandwidth authorization issued by the OLT; 3) XGEM frame fragmentation and reassembly, for example, if the data exceeds the maximum length of the XGEM frame (such as 4096 bytes), fragmentation and adding a fragment header.

[0082] It is understood that the functions of the first physical layer processing in step 300 may include: 1) forward error correction coding processing on the uplink FS burst frame; 2) burst frame encapsulation to construct a burst frame structure that complies with the ITU-T G.9807 standard; wherein the burst frame encapsulation includes adding physical layer overhead (such as preamble, delimiter, and frame header; the frame header includes the ONU ID, payload length, modulation mode, etc.); 3) electro-optical conversion, that is, converting the electrical signal into an optical pulse signal and transmitting the optical pulse signal in burst mode. Among them, forward error correction (FEC) is to add additional information to the data transmission to enable the receiving end to detect and correct errors. Forward error correction belongs to the existing technology in this field.

[0083] In some embodiments, the ONU optical module is further configured to receive an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal (OLT), perform second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, and perform second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit (SDU) within the downlink FS frame;

[0084] The data processing module is further used to convert the service data unit (SDU) in the downlink FS frame into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the second Ethernet protocol frame into a message of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the communication interface is further used to send the message obtained from the second Ethernet protocol frame.

[0085] It is understood that the functions of the second physical layer processing described above may include: 1) converting the received optical signal into an electrical signal (such as a downlink FS frame); 2) performing forward error correction decoding and line coding; and 3) clock recovery. In other words, the specific process of the second physical layer processing can be roughly considered the reverse of the first physical layer processing. In other words, the second physical layer processing is roughly the opposite of the first physical layer processing. Similarly, the second data link layer processing is also roughly the opposite of the first data link layer processing. Therefore, the specific processes of the second physical layer processing and the second data link layer processing are not further described here.

[0086] It is understood that the aforementioned "converting the service data unit (SDU) within the downlink FS frame into a second Ethernet protocol frame" is a substantially opposite operation to the aforementioned "converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU). Therefore, the specific process is not further described here. Furthermore, the "converting the second Ethernet protocol frame into a low-speed network protocol message" is also a substantially opposite operation to the aforementioned "extracting valid information from the transmitted message and encapsulating the valid information to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame." Therefore, the specific process is not further described here.

[0087] It is understandable that FS frames are usually used for downlink transmission in the XGS-PON protocol (i.e., transmission from OLT to ONU). The frame size is fixed and suitable for continuous data transmission. FS burst frames (such as the first FS burst frame and the second FS burst frame mentioned above) are usually used for uplink transmission in the XGS-PON protocol (i.e., transmission from ONU to OLT). The frame size is fixed, but the transmission is bursty, which is suitable for scenarios where multiple users share the uplink channel. FS frames and FS burst frames together constitute the framing mechanism of the XGS-PON transmission convergence layer, ensuring efficient and reliable data transmission.

[0088] It should be noted that step S200 and steps 311 to 313 are all independently developed and designed by the applicant. The specific processes of steps 311 to 313 can be directly referred to the relevant sections of the above G.9807.

[0089] It should be noted that, in the above step 300, the burst mode optical signal frame is an optical signal transmitted in a burst mode. The burst mode means that the ONU quickly transmits an optical signal in an allocated time slot.

[0090] The above-mentioned "performing a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame" includes: performing forward error correction coding on the first FS burst frame to obtain a physical layer payload; adding a preamble, a delimiter, and a frame header to the physical layer payload to form a complete physical layer burst frame; performing electrical-to-optical conversion on the physical layer burst frame to obtain an optical signal; wherein the optical signal can be transmitted in burst mode.

[0091] In some embodiments, the on-board passive optical network regional gateway further includes an optical fiber interface; the ONU optical module connects the burst mode optical signal frame to the all-optical backbone network and realizes data synchronization through the optical fiber interface, thereby making the on-board passive optical network regional gateway seamlessly connected to the all-optical backbone network of the entire vehicle. The burst mode optical signal frame is transmitted through the all-optical backbone network to ensure real-time data exchange between low-speed nodes in each area. In order to meet the requirements of the on-board network for low latency and high reliability, the on-board passive optical network regional gateway also integrates a high-speed optical fiber transmission module (for example, the above-mentioned ONU optical module can be directly replaced by a high-speed optical fiber transmission module) to ensure low-latency transmission and efficient synchronization of the burst mode optical signal frame in the all-optical network. It can be understood that the high-speed optical fiber transmission module is used to realize the conversion of electrical signals into optical signals and transmit optical signals.

[0092] For some examples, please refer to Figure 2 , this gateway has 6 communication interfaces and one optical fiber interface ( Figure 2 Communication interfaces 1 and 2 are used to receive messages using the CAN bus protocol or the CAN-FD bus protocol; communication interfaces 3 and 4 are used to receive messages using the LIN bus protocol; and communication interfaces 5 and 6 are used to receive messages using the automotive Ethernet protocol (such as 1000BASE-T1). Those skilled in the art may also determine the number of communication interfaces and the types of messages received based on actual needs. For example, the number of communication interfaces may be expanded or reduced.

[0093] It can be seen that in some embodiments, the vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway of the present application can be used for early functional verification of PON network vehicle-mounted applications. The vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway of the present application can simultaneously realize the access of data from multiple CAN nodes, LIN nodes, and vehicle Ethernet nodes, meet the communication protocol conversion function of low-speed nodes in each area in the actual vehicle environment, and be integrated into the vehicle's all-optical backbone network. In addition, this gateway can also connect multiple ONU devices in the nearby area to the all-optical backbone network, thereby saving occupied space and resources.

[0094] It can be seen that in some embodiments, the gateway of the present application includes: an interface module, including several communication interfaces, the communication interfaces are used to receive messages of low-speed network protocols; a data processing module, using an FPGA core board, is configured to receive messages transmitted by the several communication interfaces, extract valid information from the transmitted messages, and encapsulate the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; convert the first Ethernet protocol frame into an SDU; an ONU optical module, is configured to perform a first data link layer processing on the SDU to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and perform a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame, thereby realizing the conversion of the original CAN bus protocol, CAN-FD bus protocol, LIN bus protocol or on-board Ethernet protocol data of the vehicle into data that complies with the XGS-PON protocol (such as SDU). In addition, since the above-mentioned data processing module uses an FPGA core board, the delay in the process of converting the received message into an SDU can be significantly reduced.

[0095] It can be seen that in some embodiments, the vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway of the present application can be connected to the vehicle PON network as an ONU (optical network unit) node.

[0096] The above is some description about the vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway. Please refer to Figure 3 Some embodiments of the present application also disclose a protocol conversion method, including:

[0097] Step S100: receiving a low-speed network protocol message;

[0098] Step S200: converting the message into a service data unit;

[0099] Step S300: Process the service data unit (SDU) to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame.

[0100] In step S100, the low-speed network protocol includes a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol, or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol;

[0101] Specifically, step S200 includes: extracting valid information from the message, encapsulating the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU); wherein the service data unit (SDU) is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information;

[0102] Specifically, step S300 includes: performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and performing first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to the optical line terminal (OLT) of the on-board passive optical network, and the on-board passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

[0103] In some embodiments, step S200: extracting valid information from the transmitted message includes:

[0104] Step S210: Parsing the transmitted message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to determine the type of the message and a method for extracting its valid information;

[0105] Step S211: extracting valid information of the message according to the feature identifier.

[0106] The converting of the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU) includes:

[0107] The portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame other than the preamble and the start frame delimiter (SFD) is used as the service data unit (SDU). In other words, the preamble and the start frame delimiter (SFD) in the first Ethernet protocol frame are discarded, and the remaining portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame (such as the destination MAC address, source MAC address, type / length field, data, and frame check sequence (FCS)) is used as the service data unit (SDU).

[0108] It should be noted that the specific process from step S210 to step S211 here is substantially the same as the specific process and technical effect of step 210 to step 211 in the "Vehicle-mounted Passive Optical Network Regional Gateway" described above. The specific process of "encapsulating the valid information to obtain the first Ethernet protocol frame" in step S200 is prior art in this field and will not be further described here.

[0109] In some embodiments, step S200 is performed by an FPGA core board.

[0110] In some embodiments, step S300: performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame includes:

[0111] Step S311: Adding data packet headers to each of the multiple service data units (SDUs) to obtain multiple XGEM frames. The data packet headers contain information for error detection and flow control. The XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol.

[0112] Step S312: combining and encapsulating multiple XGEM frames to obtain an FS frame;

[0113] Step S313: adding a frame header and a frame trailer to the FS frame to form a first FS burst frame; wherein the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; wherein the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

[0114] It should be noted that the specific process of step S311 to step S313 here is basically the same as the specific process and technical effect of step 311 to step 313 in the above “vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway”.

[0115] In some embodiments, the protocol conversion method further includes:

[0116] receiving an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal (OLT), performing second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, and performing second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit (SDU) in the downlink FS frame;

[0117] The service data unit (SDU) in the downlink FS frame is converted into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and the second Ethernet protocol frame is converted into a message of a low-speed network protocol.

[0118] It should be noted that since the relevant content of "performing second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, performing second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit (SDU) within the downlink FS frame; converting the service data unit (SDU) within the downlink FS frame into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and converting the second Ethernet protocol frame into a message of a low-speed network protocol" has been discussed in the previous article, it will not be repeated here.

[0119] It can be seen that in some embodiments, the protocol conversion method of the present application includes receiving a message of a low-speed network protocol; extracting valid information from the message, encapsulating the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit (SDU); performing a first data link layer processing on the service data unit (SDU) to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, performing a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame, thereby realizing the conversion of data complying with the low-speed network protocol into data complying with the XGS-PON protocol.

[0120] The above is some description of the protocol conversion method. In some embodiments of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also disclosed, including a program, which can be executed by a processor to implement a method as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] This document is described with reference to various exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of this document. For example, the various operational steps and components used to perform the operational steps may be implemented in different ways (e.g., one or more steps may be deleted, modified, or incorporated into other steps) depending on the specific application or considering any number of cost functions associated with the operation of the system.

[0122] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. Furthermore, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the principles herein may be embodied in a computer program product on a computer-readable storage medium pre-installed with computer-readable program code. Any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROMs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), flash memory, and / or the like. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device to form a machine, such that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing device can generate a device that implements a specified function. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory, which can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory can form an article of manufacture, including an implementation device that implements a specified function. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, thereby causing the computer or other programmable device to execute a series of operational steps to generate a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device can provide the steps for implementing the specified function.

[0123] Although the principles of this invention have been shown in various embodiments, many modifications of structure, arrangement, proportion, elements, materials and components that are particularly suitable for specific environments and operational requirements can be used without departing from the principles and scope of this invention. The above modifications and other changes or amendments are intended to be included within the scope of this invention.

[0124] The foregoing detailed description has been described with reference to various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications will be included within its scope. Similarly, the advantages, other advantages and solutions to the problems of the various embodiments have been described above. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to the problems and any elements that can produce these, or make them more specific, should not be interpreted as critical, required or necessary. The term "comprising" and any other variants used in this article are all non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only these elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed or do not belong to the process, method, system, article or device. In addition, the term "coupled" and any other variants used in this article refer to physical connections, electrical connections, magnetic connections, optical connections, communication connections, functional connections and / or any other connections.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes can be made to the details of the above embodiments without departing from the basic principles of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined solely by the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway, characterized in that: include: An interface module, comprising a plurality of communication interfaces, each of which is configured to receive messages of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the low-speed network protocol comprises a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol, or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol, and each of the communication interfaces receives messages of a low-speed network protocol; A data processing module, wherein the data processing module adopts an FPGA core board and is configured to receive the messages transmitted by the plurality of communication interfaces, extract valid information from the messages, encapsulate the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit; wherein the service data unit is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information; The ONU optical module is configured to perform a first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and perform a first physical layer processing on the uplink FS burst frame to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to an optical line terminal of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network, and the vehicle-mounted passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

2. The vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extracting valid information from the message includes: Parsing the message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to identify the type of the message; Extracting valid information of the message according to the feature identifier; The converting of the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit includes: The portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame except the preamble and the start frame delimiter is used as the service data unit.

3. The vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame includes: Adding data packet headers to the multiple service data units to obtain multiple XGEM frames; wherein the data packet headers include control information for error detection and flow control, and the XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol; Splicing the multiple XGEM frames into a FS frame; A frame header and a frame trailer are added to the FS frame to form a first FS burst frame; wherein the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; wherein the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

4. The vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to claim 1, wherein: The ONU optical module is further configured to receive an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal, perform second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, and perform second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit within the downlink FS frame; The data processing module is further used to convert the service data unit in the downlink FS frame into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and convert the second Ethernet protocol frame into a message of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the communication interface is further used to send the message obtained from the second Ethernet protocol frame.

5. The vehicle-mounted passive optical network regional gateway according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an optical fiber interface; the ONU optical module connects the burst mode optical signal frame to the all-optical backbone network through the optical fiber interface.

6. A protocol conversion method, characterized in that: include: Receiving a message of a low-speed network protocol; wherein the low-speed network protocol includes a CAN bus protocol, a CAN-FD bus protocol, a LIN bus protocol or an in-vehicle Ethernet protocol; Extracting valid information from the message, encapsulating the valid information to obtain a first Ethernet protocol frame; converting the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit; wherein the service data unit is an indivisible data unit in the XGS-PON protocol that carries valid information; The service data unit is subjected to first data link layer processing to obtain an uplink FS burst frame, and the uplink FS burst frame is subjected to first physical layer processing to obtain a burst mode optical signal frame; wherein the burst mode optical signal frame can be transmitted to an optical line terminal of a vehicle-mounted passive optical network, and the vehicle-mounted passive optical network adopts the XGS-PON protocol.

7. The protocol conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: The extracting valid information from the message includes: Parsing the message to determine a characteristic identifier of the message; wherein the characteristic identifier is used to determine the type of the message; Extracting valid information of the message according to the feature identifier; The converting of the first Ethernet protocol frame into a service data unit includes: The portion of the first Ethernet protocol frame except the preamble and the start frame delimiter is used as the service data unit.

8. The protocol conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: The performing first data link layer processing on the service data unit to obtain an uplink FS burst frame includes: Adding data packet headers to the multiple service data units to obtain multiple XGEM frames; wherein the data packet headers include control information for error detection and flow control, and the XGEM frame is a frame structure used to encapsulate and transmit data in the XGS-PON protocol; Splicing the multiple XGEM frames into a FS frame; A frame header and a frame trailer are added to the FS frame to form a first FS burst frame; wherein the frame header and the frame trailer are used to indicate the start mark and the end mark of the first FS burst frame respectively; wherein the uplink FS burst frame refers to the first FS burst frame.

9. The protocol conversion method according to claim 6, wherein: Also includes: receiving an optical signal sent by an optical line terminal, performing second physical layer processing on the optical signal to obtain a downlink FS frame, and performing second data link layer processing on the downlink FS frame to obtain a service data unit in the downlink FS frame; The service data unit in the downlink FS frame is converted into a second Ethernet protocol frame, and the second Ethernet protocol frame is converted into a message of a low-speed network protocol.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The method comprises a program which can be executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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