Preparation method of folium cortex eucommiae, radix astragali and radix puerariae fermentation extracting solution and preparation method of formula feed additive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, and discloses preparation of a folium cortex eucommiae, radix astragali and radix puerariae fermentation extracting solution and a preparation method of a formula feed additive, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing crushed dried folium cortex eucommiae with bran, uniformly stirring, and conveying to a fermentation tank; combining filtrates and concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution A; mixing dried radix astragali, radix puerariae and bran, and adding tap water; adding a mixed bacterial solution, combining the filtrate, concentrating to obtain a concentrated solution B, and combining the concentrated solution A with the concentrated solution B; drying and granulating the folium cortex eucommiae residues as a gutta-percha raw material; and adding auxiliary materials into the radix astragali and radix puerariae residues to prepare the livestock feed. The eucommia ulmoides leaves, the astragalus membranaceus and the kudzuvine roots are fermented through mixed strains of aspergillus niger, trichoderma and yeast, so that active ingredients such as aucubin and astragaloside are easier to leach out, and the content of effective substances in an extracting solution is remarkably increased; in the fermentation process, raw material nutrition is synchronously utilized to synthesize more protein, the absorption efficiency and biological activity of the protein in livestock and poultry bodies are improved, and the overall effect of functional components is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a method for preparing a fermented extract of eucommia leaves, astragalus and kudzu root and a compound feed additive. Background Art

[0002] With increasing global concern about food safety and animal health, the long-term use of antibiotics as feed additives has led to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Consequently, countries have begun restricting or banning the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry.

[0003] Eucommia ulmoides leaves, astragalus root, and kudzu root are traditional Chinese medicinal herbs rich in various active ingredients. They possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-boosting properties, without any toxic side effects, making them ideal natural feed additives. Eucommia ulmoides leaves contain substances such as chlorogenic acid and aucubin, which promote animal growth and improve meat quality. Astragalus root is rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins, which can enhance animal immunity and relieve stress. Kudzu root, with its rich nutritional content and ability to regulate intestinal flora, demonstrates unique value in animal husbandry.

[0004] However, traditional extraction processes suffer from low efficiency, high costs, and resource waste, making them unable to meet the modern livestock industry's demand for functional feed additives. For example, direct use of plant raw materials can hinder the release of active ingredients due to the cell wall structure, resulting in low utilization rates. Improper handling of residues can also increase production costs and environmental burdens. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria lobata, and a formulation feed additive, which solves the problems of low efficiency, high cost, serious waste of resources, and low utilization rate of active ingredients in traditional extraction processes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: a method for preparing a fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria lobata and a formulation feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Eucommia leaves that have been crushed through a 10-mesh sieve, mix them evenly with bran, and then add tap water (50% to 60% by weight of the Eucommia leaves) and stir; Add 5% to 6% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves into the mixed bacterial solution, stir evenly and then transfer to the fermentation tank; After fermentation at 25°C to 35°C for 5 to 6 days, add water 5 times the mass of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves and circulate enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 to 6 hours; Add 3 times the weight of Eucommia ulmoides leaves and heat under reflux for 3 hours, filter the residue and add 6 times the weight of water for secondary extraction; The combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate A; S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria fermented extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Astragalus and 200kg to 240kg of Pueraria root, mix them with bran, and add 50% to 60% of the total weight of tap water; Add 5% to 6% of the total mass of the mixed bacterial solution, and ferment and enzymatically hydrolyze with S1; After enzymatic hydrolysis, water 3 times the total mass was added for reflux extraction, the residue was extracted twice, and the combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate B; S3. Preparation of feed additives: The concentrates A and B are combined, concentrated and dried to obtain a feed additive; S4. Comprehensive utilization of residues: The residue of Eucommia ulmoides leaves is dried and granulated to be used as raw material for Eucommia gum; the residue of Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root is added with auxiliary materials to prepare livestock and poultry feed.

[0007] This technical approach employs a co-fermentation strategy using a selected mixed bacterial consortium of Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma spp., and yeast. This bacterial consortium efficiently secretes a highly active cellulase system during fermentation. These enzymes precisely target the tough cell wall microfibril network of plant materials such as Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria lobata, effectively deconstructing and degrading it. Breaking down the physical barrier of the cell wall is a critical step, significantly reducing the dissolution resistance of target functional ingredients such as aucubin, pinoresinol disaccharide, chlorogenic acid, and polysaccharides in Eucommia ulmoides leaves, astragaloside Ⅳ and astragaloside polysaccharides in Astragalus membranaceus, and pueraria flavonoids and puerarin in Pueraria lobata. Furthermore, the fermentation process is not a single-target process; the microbial community also fully utilizes the nutrients inherent in the plant matrix as carbon and nitrogen sources, synthesizing and accumulating abundant microbial proteins through its own metabolic activities, significantly increasing the total protein content within the fermentation system. In the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis step, proteases produced or induced by the bacterial consortium play a key role. These enzymes are highly specific and can efficiently cleave and decompose naturally occurring and newly generated macromolecular proteins in raw materials into smaller peptide fragments. These small peptides not only have improved solubility and bioavailability, making them easier to absorb and transport in animals, but they may also exhibit specific physiological regulatory activities, thereby improving the dissolution efficiency and overall yield of the core active ingredients and enhancing their application value and overall functional synergy in the final feed additive product.

[0008] Preferably, in S1 and S2, the added amount of bran is 1% of the total mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves or Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, and the mixed bacterial liquid is compounded with Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma and yeast in a ratio of 1:2:1 in terms of the number of live bacteria.

[0009] Preferably, during the fermentation process of S1 and S2, the ventilation volume is 0.1VVM to 0.3VVM, and the tank pressure is 0.03MPa to 0.05MPa.

[0010] Preferably, the cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis in S1 and S2 is specifically: cross-flow cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis at 35°C to 45°C, 8-12 cycles per hour, using a shearing mixer with a stirring speed of 80-120 rpm.

[0011] Preferably, 0.1% to 0.3% of a cellulase auxiliary agent is added during the hot reflux extraction in S1; and coarse filtration is performed using a double filter.

[0012] Preferably, the S1 concentrated liquid A is concentrated using a reverse osmosis membrane with an operating pressure of 2.5-4.0 MPa and a solid content of 25%-30%; the S2 concentrated liquid B is concentrated using a vacuum concentrator.

[0013] Preferably, the concentrated liquids A and B in S3 are mixed in a dry matter ratio of Eucommia ulmoides leaves: Astragalus membranaceus: Pueraria root = 2:2:1, concentrated at low temperature and vacuum, and then spray-dried, wherein the spray drying air inlet temperature is 160°C to 180°C, the air outlet temperature is 70°C to 80°C, and the dried product is crushed to 80 mesh to 100 mesh.

[0014] Preferably, the Eucommia ulmoides leaf residue in S4 is dried in a belt dryer to a moisture content of 8%-10%, and granulated into 3mm-5mm particles; the Astragalus root and Pueraria root residue is added with 20%-30% corn flour, 10%-15% soybean cake powder and 0.05%-0.1% compound probiotics for granulation.

[0015] Preferably, in S1 and S2, a belt conveyor is used to transport the mixed material to the fermentation tank, and a belt conveyor is used to transport the fermentation-finished material to the enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction tank, and the fermentation process is carried out in an environmentally friendly feed fermentation tank.

[0016] Preferably, during the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S1, the protease in Eucommia ulmoides leaves hydrolyzes the protein into protein oligopeptides; during the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S2, the amylase in Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root converts starch and β-glycans into monosaccharides and soluble oligosaccharides.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for preparing a fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria lobata, and a method for preparing a feed additive. The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention ferments Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata with a mixed strain of Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma and yeast. The produced cellulase specifically hydrolyzes the plant cell walls, making active ingredients such as aucubin and astragaloside IV easier to extract, significantly increasing the content of effective substances in the extract. The fermentation process simultaneously utilizes the raw material nutrients to synthesize more protein. In the enzymatic hydrolysis stage, the protease converts large molecular proteins into small molecular peptides, thereby improving their absorption efficiency and biological activity in livestock and poultry, and enhancing the overall efficacy of the functional ingredients.

[0018] 2. This invention optimizes the microbial metabolic environment and improves enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency by controlling ventilation volume, tank pressure, and enzymatic hydrolysis parameters. Cellulase additives are added during hot reflux extraction to synergistically degrade the fiber structure. Dual filters provide coarse filtration for rapid impurity separation, shortening production cycles and improving filtrate clarity. This process design reduces energy consumption while ensuring the complete release and efficient enrichment of active ingredients.

[0019] 3. The present invention uses a reverse osmosis membrane to concentrate extract A, efficiently dehydrates under high pressure and maintains a solid content of 25%-30%, thereby reducing the loss of heat-sensitive substances; extract B is concentrated at low temperature using vacuum to retain the activity of small molecule glycopeptides; the two are mixed in proportion and then subjected to low-temperature vacuum concentration and temperature-controlled spray drying to maintain the stability of heat-sensitive components to the greatest extent. The particle size and solubility of the final product are more conducive to feed application.

[0020] 4. The present invention realizes resource utilization through residues: the residues of Eucommia ulmoides leaves are dried and granulated and used as raw materials for extracting Eucommia gum to increase added value; the residues of Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root are added with corn flour, soybean cake flour and probiotics to prepare pelleted feed, which not only provides energy and protein nutrition, but also regulates intestinal flora through probiotics, reducing waste treatment costs while expanding feed sources.

[0021] 5. The whole process of the present invention adopts a belt conveyor to continuously transfer materials, combined with closed temperature-controlled fermentation in an environmentally friendly fermentation tank to reduce bacterial contamination and human intervention; starch enzymatic hydrolysis converts the polysaccharides in Astragalus and Pueraria into soluble oligosaccharides, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency; protein hydrolysis products and fermentation active substances synergistically exert antibacterial, antiviral, and immunity-enhancing functions, significantly improving the comprehensive application value of feed additives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for preparing a fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria lobata, and a method for preparing a feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Eucommia leaves that have been crushed through a 10-mesh sieve, mix them evenly with bran, and then add tap water (50% to 60% by weight of the Eucommia leaves) and stir; Add 5% to 6% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves into the mixed bacterial solution, stir evenly and then transfer to the fermentation tank; After fermentation at 25°C to 35°C for 5 to 6 days, add water 5 times the mass of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves and circulate enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 to 6 hours; Add 3 times the weight of Eucommia ulmoides leaves and heat under reflux for 3 hours, filter the residue and add 6 times the weight of water for secondary extraction; The combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate A; S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria fermented extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Astragalus and 200kg to 240kg of Pueraria root, mix them with bran, and add 50% to 60% of the total weight of tap water; Add 5% to 6% of the total mass of the mixed bacterial solution and ferment and enzymatically hydrolyze with S1; After enzymatic hydrolysis, water 3 times the total mass was added for reflux extraction, the residue was extracted twice, and the combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate B; S3. Preparation of feed additives: The concentrates A and B are combined, concentrated and dried to obtain a feed additive; S4. Comprehensive utilization of residues: The residue of Eucommia ulmoides leaves is dried and granulated to be used as raw material for Eucommia gum; the residue of Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root is added with auxiliary materials to prepare livestock and poultry feed.

[0025] Specifically, by using 400kg to 480kg of dried Eucommia leaves that have been crushed through a 10-mesh sieve and mixing them evenly with bran, sufficient raw materials are provided and the fermentation matrix is adjusted, thereby optimizing the fermentation conditions. By adding tap water at a concentration of 50% to 60% by weight of the Eucommia leaves and stirring, the moisture content of the fermentation material is adjusted, thereby achieving an effect that is suitable for microbial growth and fermentation activity. By adding a mixed bacterial solution at a concentration of 5% to 6% by weight of the Eucommia leaves and stirring evenly, the solution is transferred to a fermentation tank and fermented at 25°C to 35°C for 5 to 6 days. The microorganisms in the mixed bacterial solution decompose macromolecules such as cellulose and protein in the Eucommia leaves, thereby improving the extraction rate and conversion rate of the active ingredients in the Eucommia leaves. After the fermentation is completed, water 5 times the weight of the Eucommia leaves is added for 4 to 6 hours of cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis, which further decomposes macromolecules such as cellulose and protein in the Eucommia leaves using the enzyme preparation, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of the active ingredients. By adding 3 times the weight of the Eucommia leaves of water for hot reflux extraction for 3 hours, and then adding 6 times the weight of water to the residue after filtration for secondary extraction, the remaining active ingredients in the Eucommia leaves are fully extracted, thereby achieving the effect of improving the utilization rate of raw materials and the concentration of the extract. By combining the filtrate and concentrating it to obtain a concentrated solution A, the active ingredients in the Eucommia leaves are collected and enriched, thereby achieving the effect of preparing a high-concentration Eucommia leaf fermentation extract. By taking 400kg to 480kg of dried astragalus and 200kg to 240kg of kudzu root, mixing them with bran, and adding 50% to 60% of the total weight of tap water, the water and nutrients required for the fermentation of the Astragalus and kudzu root are provided, thereby achieving the effect of optimizing the fermentation conditions of the Astragalus and kudzu root. By adding 5% to 6% of the total mass of the mixed bacterial liquid and operating according to the fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis steps of S1, the extraction rate and conversion rate of the active ingredients in astragalus and kudzu root are improved by using microorganisms and enzyme preparations, thereby achieving the effect of improving the extraction efficiency of astragalus and kudzu root; after enzymatic hydrolysis, water 3 times the total mass is added for hot reflux extraction, the residue is secondary extracted, and the combined filtrate is concentrated to obtain concentrated solution B, which fully extracts the active ingredients in astragalus and kudzu root, thereby achieving the effect of preparing a high-concentration fermentation extract of astragalus and kudzu root. By combining concentrated solutions A and B, concentrating and drying them to obtain a feed additive, the active ingredients in eucommia leaves, astragalus and kudzu root are effectively combined and enriched in the feed additive, thereby achieving the effect of preparing a composite feed additive with multiple functions; by drying and granulating the eucommia leaf residue as a raw material for eucommia gum, the eucommia gum component in the eucommia leaf residue is fully utilized, thereby achieving the effect of improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the eucommia leaf raw material and reducing production costs. By adding auxiliary materials to astragalus and kudzu root residues to prepare livestock and poultry feed, the nutritional components in the astragalus and kudzu root residues are fully utilized, thereby achieving the effects of improving the comprehensive utilization rate of astragalus and kudzu root raw materials and reducing production costs.Through the above steps, the present invention not only improves the extraction efficiency and utilization rate of the active ingredients in Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, but also realizes high-value utilization of raw materials through comprehensive utilization of residues, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0026] Please see the attached Figure 1 In S1 and S2, the amount of bran added was 1% of the total mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves or Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, and the mixed bacterial liquid was composed of Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma spp., and yeast at a live cell count ratio of 1:2:1.

[0027] Specifically, by controlling the amount of bran added to 1% of the total mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves or Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, it plays a role in providing an appropriate amount of carbon source and nutrients to promote microbial growth and fermentation activities, thereby achieving the effect of optimizing fermentation conditions and improving fermentation efficiency. As an auxiliary raw material in the fermentation process, the appropriate addition of bran helps to regulate the physical and chemical properties of the fermentation matrix and provide a suitable growth environment for microorganisms; by using specific strains of Aspergillus niger CICC40273, Trichoderma CGMCC3.3711 and yeast CICC1308 to prepare a mixed bacterial solution, the unique enzyme system and metabolic activity of these strains are utilized, thereby achieving the effect of efficiently decomposing macromolecules such as cellulose and protein in Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, and improving the extraction rate of active ingredients. Among them, by using Aspergillus niger CICC40273, the cellulase, protease and other enzymes secreted by it are used to decompose the cellulose, protein and other macromolecules in Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata. By using Trichoderma CGMCC3.3711, the cellulase, hemicellulase and other enzymes secreted by it can be used to further decompose the plant cell wall, and the plant growth regulators can be produced to promote the release of active ingredients in the cells, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the content of active ingredients in the extract; by using yeast CICC1308, the organic acids, esters and other metabolites produced by its fermentation can be used to regulate the pH value of the fermentation environment, and immune active substances such as yeast cell wall polysaccharides can be produced, thereby achieving the effect of improving the quality of the extract and enhancing animal immunity. By using a mixed bacterial liquid of Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma, and yeast in a live bacteria ratio of 1:2:1, the synergistic effect of different microorganisms is utilized to enhance the decomposition ability of macromolecules such as cellulose and protein in Eucommia ulmoides leaves and Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, thereby achieving the effect of improving the extraction efficiency of active ingredients and promoting the production of beneficial metabolites; specifically, in step S1, the amount of bran added is controlled at 1% of the total mass of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves, that is, 4kg to 4.8kg of bran is added to 400kg to 480kg of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then 5% to 6% of the mass of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves is added, that is, 20kg to 28.8kg of the mixed bacterial liquid is added to 400kg to 480kg of Eucommia ulmoides leaves. In step S2, the amount of bran added is controlled to 1% of the total mass of astragalus and kudzu root, that is, 6kg to 7.2kg of bran is added to 400kg to 480kg of astragalus and 200kg to 240kg of kudzu root, and then a mixed bacterial liquid is added that accounts for 5% to 6% of the total mass of astragalus and kudzu root, that is, 30kg to 43.2kg of the mixed bacterial liquid is added to 600kg to 720kg of astragalus and kudzu root; through this precisely controlled amount of bran added and the composite ratio of the mixed bacterial liquid, the present invention can more efficiently utilize the active ingredients in eucommia leaves, astragalus and kudzu root, while improving the controllability and stability of the fermentation process, laying a solid foundation for subsequent extraction and application.

[0028] Please see the attached Figure 1 During the fermentation process of S1 and S2, the ventilation volume was 0.1VVM to 0.3VVM, and the tank pressure was 0.03MPa to 0.05MPa.

[0029] Specifically, by controlling the ventilation volume at 0.1VVM to 0.3VVM, it plays a role in providing microorganisms with an appropriate amount of oxygen to meet their aerobic metabolic needs, thereby achieving the effect of promoting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and improving fermentation activity. An appropriate amount of ventilation can avoid the decrease in fermentation efficiency caused by insufficient oxygen supply, while preventing heat and water loss caused by excessive ventilation; by controlling the tank pressure at 0.03MPa to 0.05MPa, it plays a role in maintaining the appropriate pressure in the fermentation tank and preventing contamination by external bacteria, thereby achieving the effect of ensuring the stability of the fermentation process and improving product quality. An appropriate tank pressure can avoid the entry of external air and bacteria caused by too low pressure, while preventing equipment safety hazards and microbial metabolic inhibition caused by excessive pressure; by performing appropriate ventilation within the ventilation volume range of 0.1VVM to 0.3VVM, it plays a role in regulating the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the fermentation tank and optimizing the microbial metabolic pathway, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the content of the target active ingredient. Appropriate ventilation promotes aerobic metabolism in microorganisms, improving their biotransformation efficiency while also discharging excess carbon dioxide, preventing its inhibitory effect on microbial growth. By controlling the tank pressure within a range of 0.03MPa to 0.05MPa, the optimal pressure environment within the fermenter is maintained, reducing energy consumption and increasing equipment utilization, thereby lowering production costs and improving economic benefits. Appropriate tank pressure reduces energy loss caused by pressure fluctuations while also improving equipment stability and service life.

[0030] Please see the attached Figure 1 The specific cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis in S1 and S2 is: cross-flow cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis at 35°C to 45°C, 8-12 times per hour, using a shearing mixer with a stirring speed of 80-120 rpm.

[0031] Specifically, by carrying out cross-flow cyclic enzymolysis in the temperature range of 35°C to 45°C, the enzyme activity is maintained and the reaction rate is increased, thereby achieving the effect of maximizing the enzymolysis efficiency under suitable temperature conditions. This temperature range is usually close to the optimal activity temperature of the enzyme, which can ensure the efficient progress of the enzymolysis reaction while avoiding the damage to the enzyme activity caused by excessively high temperatures; by circulating 8-12 times per hour in a cross-flow manner, the contact interface between the substrate and the enzyme is continuously updated, the mass transfer efficiency is improved, and the effect of accelerating the enzymolysis reaction process is achieved. The cross-flow circulation method can ensure that the substrate and enzyme in the enzymolysis solution are fully mixed, avoid local substrate concentrations that are too high or too low, and improve the overall enzymolysis efficiency; by using a shearing agitator for stirring, shear force is generated during the stirring process, destroying the hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces between the substrate molecules, promoting the contact between the substrate and the enzyme, and thus achieving the effect of improving the enzymolysis efficiency. The shear force generated by the shearing agitator helps open the plant cell wall structure, making the cellulose, protein, and other macromolecules within it more accessible to enzymatic hydrolysis. By controlling the agitator speed between 80-120 rpm, it ensures thorough mixing while preventing excessive shear forces from damaging the enzyme molecular structure, thereby optimizing enzymatic hydrolysis conditions, improving enzymatic efficiency, and increasing enzyme stability. An appropriate agitator speed ensures uniform distribution of substrate and enzyme in the hydrolyzate while preventing enzyme inactivation caused by excessive shear forces.

[0032] Please see the attached Figure 1 , 0.1% to 0.3% cellulase additive was added during hot reflux extraction in S1; and coarse filtration was performed using a double filter.

[0033] Specifically, by adding 0.1% to 0.3% of a cellulase adjuvant, the cellulose in the cell wall of Eucommia ulmoides leaves is further decomposed during the hot reflux extraction process, increasing the release of active ingredients in the cells, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the content of active ingredients in the extract. Cellulase can specifically decompose cellulose and convert it into soluble sugars, thereby destroying the structure of plant cell walls and releasing more active ingredients; by using cellulase in the hot reflux extraction process, the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is improved at higher temperatures, thereby achieving the effect of maximizing the extraction rate of active ingredients during the extraction process. Hot reflux extraction combined with the use of cellulase can accelerate the conversion of the substrate by utilizing the catalytic action of the enzyme while maintaining the temperature of the extract; by controlling the addition amount of the cellulase adjuvant within the range of 0.1% to 0.3%, it can ensure the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency while avoiding the cost increase caused by excessive addition, thereby achieving the effect of optimizing the extraction process and balancing extraction efficiency and economic benefits. The appropriate amount of cellulase added ensures efficient enzymatic hydrolysis while controlling production costs. Using a double filter for coarse filtration during the filtration process quickly removes large particles and residues from the extract, improving filtrate clarity and subsequent process efficiency. The double filter allows for continuous filtration, increasing filtration speed and efficiency while ensuring filtrate quality.

[0034] Please see the attached Figure 1 S1 concentrate A is concentrated by reverse osmosis membrane, with an operating pressure of 2.5-4.0MPa and a solid content of 25%-30%; S2 concentrate B is concentrated by vacuum concentrator.

[0035] Specifically, reverse osmosis membrane concentration, operating at a pressure of 2.5-4.0 MPa, pushes water molecules through the semipermeable membrane at a higher pressure while retaining solute molecules in the concentrate, thereby increasing the concentration of the active ingredient in concentrate A. Reverse osmosis membrane technology can effectively separate water molecules from the solution, increasing the solids content of the concentrate. By controlling the solids content within the range of 25%-30%, the concentration of the active ingredient in concentrate A is maintained while avoiding membrane fouling and increased filtration resistance caused by excessive solids content, thereby optimizing the concentration process and balancing concentration efficiency and operating costs. An appropriate solids content ensures the quality of the concentrate and the smooth progress of subsequent processes. By using a vacuum concentrator for concentration in S2, the boiling point of water is lowered under vacuum conditions, accelerating the evaporation of water molecules and improving concentration efficiency, thereby increasing the concentration of the active ingredient in concentrate B. Vacuum concentrators can achieve rapid evaporation of water molecules at lower temperatures, minimizing damage to heat-sensitive components. By combining reverse osmosis membrane concentration and vacuum concentrators, the optimal concentration method is selected for each concentrate's characteristics, improving concentration efficiency and product quality. This, in turn, optimizes the overall process and enhances product competitiveness. Different concentrates may require different concentration technologies to suit their characteristics and achieve optimal concentration results.

[0036] Please see the attached Figure 1 The concentrated liquids A and B in S3 are mixed in a dry matter ratio of Eucommia ulmoides leaves: Astragalus membranaceus: Pueraria root = 2:2:1, concentrated in a low-temperature vacuum and then spray-dried, wherein the spray drying air inlet temperature is 160°C to 180°C, the air outlet temperature is 70°C to 80°C, and the dried product is crushed to 80 mesh to 100 mesh.

[0037] Specifically, by mixing concentrates A and B in a dry matter ratio of 2:2:1, the active ingredient content of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus, and Pueraria root in the feed additive meets the predetermined ratio, achieving synergistic synergy and thereby improving the overall nutritional value and functionality of the feed additive. Low-temperature vacuum concentration followed by spray drying evaporates the water in the concentrate at a lower temperature, reducing the destruction of heat-sensitive ingredients and thereby maintaining the stability of the active ingredients in the feed additive. Low-temperature vacuum concentration helps protect heat-sensitive nutrients from being destroyed by high temperatures. By controlling the spray drying inlet temperature to 160°C to 180°C and the outlet temperature to 70°C to 80°C, the drying process is completed within an appropriate temperature range, avoiding the loss of active ingredients caused by excessive temperatures. This achieves efficient drying while maintaining the quality of the feed additive. Precise control of the inlet and outlet air temperatures ensures drying efficiency and product quality. By pulverizing the dried product to 80-100 mesh, the particle size of the feed additive is adjusted, improving its dispersibility and digestibility in feed, thereby improving its application performance. Appropriate particle size can ensure the performance of feed additives during feed processing and use.

[0038] Please see the attached Figure 1 The Eucommia ulmoides leaf residue in S4 was dried in a belt dryer to a moisture content of 8%-10% and granulated into 3mm-5mm particles; the Astragalus and Pueraria root residue was added with 20%-30% corn flour, 10%-15% soybean cake powder and 0.05%-0.1% compound probiotics for granulation.

[0039] Specifically, by using a belt dryer to dry the Eucommia leaf residue to a moisture content of 8%-10%, it plays a role in reducing moisture, extending the storage period, and preventing the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, thereby achieving the effect of facilitating subsequent processing and storage; by granulating the dried Eucommia leaf residue into 3mm-5mm particles, it plays a role in improving the fluidity and uniformity of the material, facilitating subsequent mixing and feeding, improving the feed processing efficiency and the convenience of animal feeding, thereby achieving the effect of improving feed processing and usage performance; by adding 20%-30% corn flour to the Astragalus and Pueraria residues, it plays a role in providing energy and improving the taste of the feed, thereby achieving the effect of improving the processing and use performance of the feed. The effect of increasing animal feed intake and feed energy density is achieved; by adding 10%-15% soybean cake powder, the protein content and essential amino acid supply are increased, the nutritional value of feed is improved, and the effect of promoting animal growth and health is achieved; by adding 0.05%-0.1% compound probiotics, the balance of animal intestinal flora is regulated, immunity is enhanced, and feed conversion rate is improved, thereby achieving the effect of improving animal health and production performance; by granulating the above mixture, the stability of feed is improved and it is convenient for storage and transportation, thereby achieving the effect of improving feed processing efficiency and convenience of use.

[0040] Please see the attached Figure 1 In S1 and S2, a belt conveyor is used to transport the mixed material to the fermentation tank, and a belt conveyor is used to transport the fermentation-finished material to the enzymatic extraction tank. The fermentation process is carried out in an environmentally friendly feed fermentation tank.

[0041] Specifically, the belt conveyor can continuously and stably convey the mixed materials, improve the material conveying efficiency, reduce the labor intensity and time consumption of manual handling, and improve the automation level of the entire fermentation process; the belt conveyor is simple to operate and easy to control, and the conveying speed and conveying volume can be adjusted as needed to meet the material conveying needs of different fermentation stages; using environmentally friendly feed fermentation tanks for fermentation operations can reduce environmental pollution during the fermentation process, reduce energy consumption, and meet the requirements of green production and sustainable development; environmentally friendly fermentation tanks usually adopt a closed design to reduce the emission of odor and harmful gases, and at the same time can control the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration in the fermentation tank. Provide a suitable growth environment for microorganisms; fermentation in environmentally friendly feed fermentation tanks can accurately control fermentation conditions such as temperature, pH value, oxygen supply, etc., thereby improving fermentation efficiency and product quality; closed fermentation tanks can reduce contamination from external bacteria, ensuring the stability of the fermentation process and the safety of the product; the use of belt conveyors for material transfer from fermentation tanks to enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction tanks can ensure the continuity and uniformity of material transfer, reduce material loss and pollution, and improve the efficiency of the entire production process and product quality; the use of belt conveyors and environmentally friendly fermentation tanks can reduce labor costs and energy consumption, improve production efficiency, and thus improve the cost-effectiveness of the entire fermentation process.

[0042] Please see the attached Figure 1 During the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S1, the protease in Eucommia ulmoides leaves hydrolyzed the protein into protein oligopeptides; during the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S2, the amylase in Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root converted starch and β-glycans into monosaccharides and soluble oligosaccharides.

[0043] Specifically, the proteases in Eucommia ulmoides break down proteins into oligopeptides. This process improves protein digestibility and absorption, as oligopeptides are smaller than intact protein molecules and more easily absorbed by the animal's digestive system. In addition to their high digestibility, oligopeptides may also possess biological activities, such as antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, which can enhance the nutritional value and functionality of feed. The oligopeptides produced through enzymatic hydrolysis can serve as a high-quality protein source, providing animals with essential amino acids and promoting growth and health. The amylases in Astragalus and Pueraria convert starch and β-glycans into monosaccharides and soluble oligosaccharides. This process helps improve the digestibility of carbohydrates in the raw material, as monosaccharides and oligosaccharides are more easily digested and absorbed by animals than polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are a direct source of energy metabolism in animals, and the monosaccharides released through enzymatic hydrolysis can be rapidly utilized by animals, providing immediate energy. Soluble oligosaccharides can improve the taste and texture of feed, increase feed intake, and thus improve feed conversion efficiency. The enzymatic hydrolysis process can enhance the nutritional value and digestibility of feed ingredients, thereby improving overall feed efficiency.

[0044] Example 1 1. Technical Solution S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract: Take 480 kg of dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves that have been crushed through a 10-mesh sieve, add 4.8 kg of bran that is 1% of the weight of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves, and send the mixture into a mixer using a belt conveyor for mixing; Add 240 kg of tap water (50% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) and stir for 15 minutes until uniform; Add 26.4 kg of mixed bacterial solution with a weight ratio of 5.5% of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, wherein the bacterial solution is compounded with a viable cell count ratio of Aspergillus niger CICC40273: Trichoderma CGMCC3.3711: Yeast CICC1308 = 1:2:1; The material is conveyed into the environmentally friendly fermentation tank via a belt conveyor, compacted and covered, with the tank pressure controlled at 0.04 MPa, ventilation volume at 0.1 VVM, and fermented at 30°C for 5 days; The fermentation product was added with 2400 L of water (5 times the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) and subjected to cross-flow enzymatic hydrolysis at 40°C for 5 h, with a shear mixer speed of 100 rpm and 10 cycles per hour. First hot reflux extraction: add 1440 L of water (3 times the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves), add 0.2% cellulase additive, extract at 55°C for 3 h, and filter through a double filter; The residue was extracted twice with 2880 L of 6 times the amount of water, and the combined filtrates were concentrated using a reverse osmosis membrane at a pressure of 3.2 MPa to a solid content of 28% to obtain concentrated solution A.

[0045] S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria fermented extract: Take 400kg of dried Astragalus and 240kg of Pueraria root, and add 6.4kg of bran (1% of the total weight); The fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis process was the same as that of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, with a ventilation volume of 0.2VVM and a tank pressure of 0.03MPa; 0.1% cellulase additive was added to the first hot reflux extraction, and the combined filtrates were concentrated in vacuo to obtain concentrate B.

[0046] S3. Preparation of feed additives: Concentrates A and B were mixed in a dry matter ratio of Eucommia ulmoides leaves: Astragalus membranaceus: Pueraria root = 2:2:1, concentrated under low temperature vacuum, spray dried, air inlet 170°C / air outlet 75°C, and crushed to 90 mesh; S4. Residue utilization: The eucommia leaf residue is belt-dried to a moisture content of 9% and granulated into 4mm particles for use as eucommia gum raw material; Astragalus root and kudzu root residue were granulated with 25% corn flour, 12% soybean meal powder and 0.08% compound probiotics; 2. Effect verification: (1) Active ingredient enhancement verification 1. Experimental design: Sample group: Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract and Astragalus root and Pueraria root extract prepared in Example 1; Control group: direct water extract of the same batch of raw materials without fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0047] 2. Testing standards: Chlorogenic acid: "GB / T22250-2008 Determination of chlorogenic acid in health foods" HPLC method; Astragaloside IV: "Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition" General Chapter 0512 HPLC-ELSD method; Puerarin: "GB / T31743-2015 Determination of puerarin in pueraria products" UV spectrophotometry method.

[0048] 3. Result analysis:

[0049] 4. Parameter optimization basis: During the enzymatic hydrolysis stage, 40℃+cross-flow circulation, 10 times / h, increased the cell wall rupture rate to 92%, significantly higher than the control group's 65%.

[0050] (II) Verification of crude fiber degradation mechanism 1. Test method: Refer to GB / T6434-2006 Determination of crude fiber in feed; Calculation of degradation rate: (raw material crude fiber - residual crude fiber) / raw material crude fiber × 100%.

[0051] 2. Comparative test design:

[0052] 3. Key parameters function: The shearing mixer physically disperses the fiber bundles, and the cross-flow circulation prevents enzyme-substrate separation, synergistically improving the degradation efficiency.

[0053] (3) Beef cattle breeding experiment 1. Test standards: The diet is designed according to the "NY / T815-2004 Beef Cattle Feeding Standard"; Trial period: 90 days; 2. Group design:

[0054] 3. Feeding and management: Free access to food and water, feeding twice a day, regular deworming and epidemic prevention; Weighing: Weigh after fasting for 12 hours at the start / end of the experiment; 4. Results comparison:

[0055] 5. Statistical analysis Daily weight gain: Example 1 group vs. blank group P < 0.01 Feed-to-meat ratio: Example 1 group vs. raw material group P < 0.05 Example 2 1. Technical Solution S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract: 400 kg of dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves crushed through a 10-mesh sieve were weighed, 4.0 kg of bran (1% by weight of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves) was added, and the mixture was sent to a double-shaft paddle mixer via a belt conveyor and mixed for 15 minutes.

[0056] Add 240 kg of tap water (60% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) and stir until the water content is uniform; Add 24 kg of mixed bacterial solution (6.0% by weight of Eucommia ulmoides leaves), which is composed of Aspergillus niger CICC40273, Trichoderma spp. CGMCC3.3711, and yeast CICC1308 in a viable cell count ratio of 1:2:1; 4. Material is fed 50m via belt conveyor 3 Environmentally friendly fermentation tank, hydraulic compaction, density 0.65g / cm 3 , covered with a sterile breathable membrane; The fermentation temperature was controlled at 25°C, the ventilation volume was 0.3VVM, the tank pressure was 0.05MPa, and the fermentation was carried out for 6 days.

[0057] Critical Controls: Daily sampling to monitor pH and mycelial growth.

[0058] The fermentation product was added with 2000 L of water (5 times the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) and subjected to cross-flow enzymatic hydrolysis at 35°C for 4 h. A shearing mixer was used with a rotation speed of 80 rpm and a cross-flow circulation frequency of 8 times / h; First hot reflux extraction: add 1200 L of water (3 times the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves), add 0.3% cellulase additive, extract at 60°C for 3 h, and filter through a double filter; The residue was extracted twice with 2400 L of 6 times the amount of water, and the filtrates were combined; Reverse osmosis membrane concentration, operating pressure 4.0MPa, concentrated to a solid content of 30% to obtain concentrated solution A.

[0059] S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria Fermented Extract Weigh 480 kg of dried Astragalus and 200 kg of Pueraria root, add 7.2 kg of bran (1% of the total mass), and mix in the same way.

[0060] Fermentation was carried out in the same manner as that of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, with a ventilation volume of 0.3 VVM and a tank pressure of 0.05 MPa; Differential enzymatic hydrolysis: cross-flow enzymatic hydrolysis at 45°C for 4 h, shear speed of 120 rpm, and 12 cycles / h; 0.3% cellulase adjuvant was added in the first extraction, and the combined filtrates were concentrated in vacuo at 60°C and -0.08 MPa to obtain concentrate B.

[0061] Basis for enzymatic hydrolysis enhancement: Pueraria root cell walls have a high degree of lignification, and high temperature and high shear improve the efficiency of amylase release.

[0062] S3. Preparation of feed additives Concentrates A and B were mixed in a dry matter ratio of Eucommia ulmoides leaves:Astragalus membranaceus:Pueraria root=2:2:1; Low temperature vacuum concentration, 60℃, -0.09MPa to solid content 40%; Spray drying: inlet air temperature 160°C, outlet air temperature 70°C, atomizing pressure 0.2MPa; The powder was collected by cyclone separation, crushed to 80 mesh by a grinder and sieved.

[0063] Temperature control principle: When the air outlet temperature is greater than 70℃, the heat loss rate of puerarin is greater than 15%.

[0064] S4. Comprehensive utilization of residues The residue after extraction was dried in a flow belt dryer at 80°C to a moisture content of 8%; The die hole diameter of the ring die granulator is 3mm, and the pellets are pressed into pellets as raw materials for extracting Eucommia gum.

[0065] Moisture content basis: When it is greater than 8%, Eucommia gum is easily hydrolyzed and chain broken.

[0066] The residue was added with 30% corn flour, 15% soybean meal powder, and 0.05% Bacillus subtilis preparation; After mixing, granulate and dry at 60℃ until the moisture content is ≤12%.

[0067] Probiotic selection: Bacillus subtilis is resistant to high temperatures.

[0068] 2. Effect Verification (1) Ingredient enhancement test

[0069] Significance analysis: crude protein increase P<0.01, puerarin P<0.05.

[0070] (2) Beef Cattle Breeding Test, NY / T815-2004 Standard 1. Experimental design: Grouping: Each group consisted of 10 Simmental cattle with an initial body weight of 325 ± 15 kg.

[0071] Blank group: basal diet; Control group: basic diet + 5% unfermented raw materials; Example 2 group: basic diet + 5% feed additive of Example 2; Feeding and management: The animals were fed ad libitum, and the amount of feed added and the amount of leftover feed were recorded daily. The experimental period was 90 days.

[0072] 2. Results comparison:

[0073] 3. Statistical conclusions: Daily weight gain: Example 2 group vs. blank group P = 0.003; Muscle protein: Example 2 group vs. control group P = 0.018; Example 3 1. Technical Solution S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract 440 kg of dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves crushed through a 10-mesh sieve were weighed, 4.4 kg of bran (1% by weight of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves) was added, and the mixture was fed into a double-shaft paddle mixer via a belt conveyor and mixed for 18 minutes.

[0074] Add 242 kg of tap water (55% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) and stir until the water content is uniform; Add 22 kg of mixed bacterial solution (5.0% by weight of Eucommia ulmoides leaves) with the same bacterial strain ratio as in Example 1; The material is transported to the environmentally friendly fermentation tank and hydraulically compacted; The temperature was controlled at 28°C, the ventilation volume was 0.15VVM, the tank pressure was 0.035MPa, and the fermentation was carried out for 5.5 days.

[0075] Process monitoring: Take samples every 12 hours to measure reducing sugar and maintain ≥2.5g / L to ensure microbial activity.

[0076] The fermentation product was added with 2200 L of 5-fold water and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 38°C in a cross-flow cycle for 5 h; The shear mixer speed was 110 rpm and the cycle was 11 times / h; First hot reflux extraction: add 3 times the amount of water (1320 L), add 0.15% cellulase additive, and extract at 55°C for 3 hours; The residue was extracted twice with 2640 L of 6 times the amount of water and coarsely filtered with a double filter; The concentrated solution was concentrated by reverse osmosis membrane at a pressure of 2.5 MPa to a solid content of 25% to obtain concentrated solution A.

[0077] Energy saving basis: 2.5MPa operating pressure saves 18% energy compared to conventional value.

[0078] S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria Fermented Extract Weigh 440 kg of dried Astragalus membranaceus and 220 kg of Pueraria root, and add 6.6 kg of bran (1% of the total weight).

[0079] 0.25% cellulase adjuvant was added during the first hot reflux extraction; The other steps are the same as the Eucommia leaf process.

[0080] Optimization of additives: The addition of 0.25% made the dissolution rate of astragaloside IV reach 92.3%.

[0081] S3. Preparation of feed additives Concentrates A and B were mixed at a dry matter ratio of 2:2:1; 55℃, -0.085MPa low temperature vacuum concentration to 42% solid content; Spray drying: air inlet 180℃, air outlet 80℃; Ultrafine grinding to 100 mesh, screening rate ≥95%.

[0082] Particle size control: 100 mesh particle size ensures feed mixing uniformity.

[0083] S4. Comprehensive utilization of residues Dry in a belt dryer at 75°C until the moisture content reaches 10%; The die hole is 5mm and the pellets are made by ring die pelletizing machine.

[0084] Moisture content basis: 10% is the upper limit of tolerance for Eucommia gum extraction process.

[0085] Astragalus root and kudzu root residue were added with 20% corn flour, 10% soybean cake powder, and 0.1% compound probiotics, including Lactobacillus plantarum CICC20265; After granulation, the mixture was dried in a fluidized bed at 65°C to a moisture content of 11%.

[0086] Probiotic function: 0.1% addition can increase the intestinal colonization rate to 10 7 CFU / g.

[0087] 2. Effect Verification (1) Improvement of core ingredients

[0088] Significance: amino acid increase P<0.01, crude fat degradation P<0.05.

[0089] (2) Meat quality improvement verification 1. Experimental design: Sample group: longissimus dorsi muscle of beef cattle fed with the additive of Example 3 for 90 days; Control group: the same muscle part of beef cattle fed with unfermented raw materials; Detection method: oxygen bomb calorimeter (GB5009.6-2016).

[0090] 2. Results comparison:

[0091] 3. Cause analysis: The small molecule peptides produced by fermentation replace fat for energy, and the respiratory quotient increases from 0.85 to 0.78; Pueraria flavonoids promote β-oxidation of fatty acids and increase muscle FFA content by 28%.

[0092] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacterial fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of Eucommia ulmoides leaf fermentation extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Eucommia leaves that have been crushed through a 10-mesh sieve, mix them evenly with bran, and then add tap water (50% to 60% by weight of the Eucommia leaves) and stir; Add 5% to 6% of the mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves into the mixed bacterial solution, stir evenly and then transfer to the fermentation tank; After fermentation at 25°C to 35°C for 5 to 6 days, add water 5 times the mass of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves and circulate enzymatic hydrolysis for 4 to 6 hours; Add 3 times the weight of Eucommia ulmoides leaves and heat under reflux for 3 hours, filter the residue and add 6 times the weight of water for secondary extraction; The combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate A; S2. Preparation of Astragalus and Pueraria fermented extract: Take 400kg to 480kg of dried Astragalus and 200kg to 240kg of Pueraria root, mix them with bran, and add 50% to 60% of the total weight of tap water; Add 5% to 6% of the total mass of the mixed bacterial solution, and ferment and enzymatically hydrolyze with S1; After enzymatic hydrolysis, water 3 times the total mass was added for reflux extraction, the residue was extracted twice, and the combined filtrates were concentrated to obtain concentrate B; S3. Preparation of feed additives: The concentrates A and B are combined, concentrated and dried to obtain a feed additive; S4. Comprehensive utilization of residues: The residue of Eucommia ulmoides leaves is dried and granulated to be used as raw material for Eucommia gum; the residue of Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root is added with auxiliary materials to prepare livestock and poultry feed.

2. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, the added amount of bran is 1% of the total mass of Eucommia ulmoides leaves or Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria lobata, and the mixed bacterial liquid is compounded with Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma spp. and yeast in a ratio of 1:2:1 in terms of the number of viable bacteria.

3. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the fermentation process of S1 and S2, the ventilation volume is 0.1VVM to 0.3VVM, and the tank pressure is 0.03MPa to 0.05MPa.

4. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis in S1 and S2 is specifically: cross-flow cyclic enzymatic hydrolysis at 35° C. to 45° C., 8-12 cycles per hour, using a shearing stirrer with a stirring speed of 80-120 rpm.

5. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, 0.1% to 0.3% of a cellulase auxiliary agent is added during the hot reflux extraction; and a double filter is used for coarse filtration.

6. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 concentrated liquid A is concentrated using a reverse osmosis membrane with an operating pressure of 2.5-4.0 MPa and a solid content of 25%-30%. The S2 concentrated liquid B is concentrated using a vacuum concentrator.

7. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrated solutions A and B in S3 are mixed in a dry matter ratio of Eucommia ulmoides leaves:Astragalus membranaceus:Pueraria lobata=2:2:1, concentrated under low-temperature vacuum and then spray-dried, wherein the spray drying air inlet temperature is 160°C to 180°C, the air outlet temperature is 70°C to 80°C, and the dried product is crushed to 80 mesh to 100 mesh.

8. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Eucommia ulmoides leaf residue in S4 is dried in a belt dryer to a moisture content of 8%-10%, and granulated into 3mm-5mm particles; 20%-30% corn flour, 10%-15% soybean cake powder and 0.05%-0.1% compound probiotics are added to the Astragalus root and Pueraria root residue to prepare granules.

9. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2, a belt conveyor is used to transport the mixed material to the fermentation tank, and a belt conveyor is used to transport the fermentation-finished material to the enzymatic extraction tank. The fermentation process is carried out in an environmentally friendly feed fermentation tank.

10. The method for preparing a composite feed additive of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root based on mixed bacteria fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S1, the protease in Eucommia ulmoides leaves hydrolyzes the protein into protein oligopeptides; during the enzymatic hydrolysis process in S2, the amylase in Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria root converts starch and β-glycans into monosaccharides and soluble oligosaccharides.

Images