Medical instrument disinfection system and method for remote disinfection

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical instrument disinfection system and method for remote disinfection, and relates to the field of biomedical engineering.The method comprises the steps that an optical recognition device is used for positioning a target area of a medical instrument, a drug-loaded liposome suspension is irradiated, a quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant is obtained, and the target area of the medical instrument is subjected to preliminary disinfection treatment; the primarily sterilized medical instrument is obtained; permeating the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection cabin into the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical instrument by using an ultrasonic generator, and irradiating the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection cabin by using a near-infrared laser to obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant; and finally disinfecting the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical device by using a peracetic acid disinfectant, evaluating a final disinfection result, and outputting a medical device disinfection report. According to the invention, precise recognition of the complex structure of the medical instrument is realized, the survival rate of bacteria is reduced, and the evaluation precision of the disinfection effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering, and in particular to a medical device disinfection system and method for remote disinfection. Background Art

[0002] Early medical device disinfection relied primarily on high-temperature, high-pressure sterilization and chemical immersion, which were limited in effectiveness for deep cleaning of complex devices and were time-consuming. However, the recent introduction of ultrasonic cavitation and near-infrared lasers, such as using ultrasound to drive drug-loaded microbubbles to penetrate deep into device structures and laser-triggered liposomes to release disinfectants, have demonstrated effective sterilization capabilities in clinical settings. Automated disinfection using optical recognition and image processing technologies has also begun to gain traction, improving the specificity of disinfection by locating target areas.

[0003] Existing medical device disinfection methods still need improvement. Conventional immersion methods struggle to penetrate complex areas like the micropores of endoscope lumens and arthroscopes, resulting in insufficient disinfectant coverage and increasing the risk of cross-infection. Furthermore, existing disinfection methods generally lack real-time assessment capabilities, relying on indirect methods like colony counts. These methods are time-consuming and lack precision, making them unable to meet the demands of remote operation and rapid feedback. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection, which solves the problems of insufficient disinfectant coverage and low accuracy in real-time evaluation of disinfection effects in existing medical device disinfection methods.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for remote disinfection of medical devices, comprising preparing a drug-loaded liposome suspension and a drug-loaded microbubble suspension, injecting the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into a disinfection chamber, and securing the medical device; An optical recognition device is used to locate the target area of the medical device, and the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber is irradiated to obtain a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and the target area of the medical device is preliminarily disinfected to obtain a preliminarily sterilized medical device; An ultrasonic generator is used to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical device, and a near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant; Use peracetic acid disinfectant to perform final disinfection on the deep structure of medical devices after preliminary sterilization, evaluate the final disinfection results, and output the medical device disinfection report.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, the preparation of the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension comprises mixing DPPC and cholesterol and dissolving them in chloroform to obtain a DPPC-cholesterol lipid film; adding a phosphate buffer containing a quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant into the DPPC-cholesterol lipid film for hydration to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt liposome suspension; Staphylococcus IgG antibody was selected as an additive, and the additive was added to the quaternary ammonium salt liposome suspension using the EDC / NHS chemical coupling method to form an IgG antibody liposome suspension, and Cy5 fluorescent dye was added to obtain a drug-loaded liposome suspension; A DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid was prepared, and the DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid was filtered using an SPG membrane emulsifier to obtain a peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension, and Cy5 fluorescent dye was added to form a drug-loaded microbubble suspension.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, the method of locating the target area of the medical device using the optical recognition device includes acquiring a color image of the surface of the medical device, converting the color image into a grayscale image, and performing a convolution operation on the grayscale image using a Gaussian filter to obtain a filtered grayscale image. Setting a gradient intensity threshold, calculating the gradient intensity of the filtered grayscale image and comparing it with the gradient intensity threshold, determining the edge intensity of the medical device, and obtaining the edge contour of the medical device; Use Hough transform to detect the edge contour of medical devices and obtain a binary edge image; The SIFT feature matching algorithm is used to determine the feature points of the binary edge image, and a feature descriptor is generated with the feature points as the center. The target area template is set, and the nearest neighbor matching algorithm is used to match the feature descriptor and the target area template, and the matching point pairs are output; Calculate the homography matrix based on the matching point pairs, add the homogeneous coordinates of the feature points in the binary edge image to form a pixel vector; The homography matrix and pixel vector are combined to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, wherein: obtaining the quaternary ammonium disinfectant comprises inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device into the remote control software and configuring a near-infrared laser; The laser beam generated by the configured near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the target area of the medical device. During the irradiation process, the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber produces a photothermal effect, releasing the quaternary ammonium disinfectant.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, wherein: the medical device that is initially sterilized comprises targeting and binding Staphylococcus IgG antibodies to Staphylococcus to form an antibody-antigen complex; The antibody-antigen complex is attached to the target area of the medical device, and the target area of the medical device is initially disinfected through electrostatic interaction between the cations in the quaternary ammonium disinfectant and the anions in the antibody-antigen complex.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, the step of obtaining the peracetic acid disinfectant includes configuring and activating an ultrasonic generator, utilizing the cavitation effect generated by ultrasound to infiltrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical device; The laser energy of a near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to destroy the polymer shell layer in the drug-loaded microbubble suspension and obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection of the present invention, the outputting of the medical device disinfection report includes performing final disinfection on the deep structure of the medical device after preliminary sterilization through the oxidation effect of the peracetic acid disinfectant, and calculating the sterilization rate after disinfection and recording the sterilization parameters; Calculate the coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, configure a confocal microscope and capture the fluorescence signals of initial bacteria and surviving bacteria, and calculate the bacterial survival rate; The sterilization rate after disinfection, the coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, the survival rate of bacteria and sterilization parameters are integrated to obtain the medical device disinfection report.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a medical device disinfection system for remote disinfection, comprising: a preparation module for preparing a drug-loaded liposome suspension and a drug-loaded microbubble suspension, injecting the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into a disinfection chamber, and securing the medical device; The initial sterilization module uses an optical recognition device to locate the target area of the medical device, irradiates the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber, obtains a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and performs a preliminary disinfection treatment on the target area of the medical device to obtain a preliminarily sterilized medical device; The delivery module uses an ultrasonic generator to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the medical device after preliminary sterilization, and uses a near-infrared laser to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain peracetic acid disinfectant; The final sterilization module uses peracetic acid disinfectant to perform final disinfection on the deep structure of medical devices after preliminary sterilization, evaluates the final disinfection results, and outputs a medical device disinfection report.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention accurately locates the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device through multiple algorithms such as the random sampling consistency algorithm, thereby realizing accurate identification of the complex structure of the medical device, and the staphylococcal IgG antibody is targeted and bound to the staphylococcus, releasing the quaternary ammonium disinfectant for disinfection, thereby realizing accurate sterilization guided by the antibody-antigen complex. Compared with manual positioning and non-targeted disinfection, the present invention solves the problem of insufficient coverage of the disinfectant and reduces the survival rate of bacteria. The confocal microscope and the OpenCV algorithm are used to evaluate the Cy5 fluorescence signal and the bacterial fluorescence intensity, thereby realizing real-time quantification of the disinfectant coverage and the bacterial survival rate, thereby greatly improving the evaluation accuracy of the disinfection effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Flowchart of a medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of optical recognition of target areas of medical devices.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of disinfectant release and penetration.

[0021] Figure 4 Structural diagram for evaluating disinfection effectiveness. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension, inject the drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension into the disinfection chamber, and fix the medical device.

[0026] The following steps are included: S1.1. Prepare drug-loaded liposomes using the thin film hydration method in a sterile clean room.

[0027] The specific procedure is to weigh a certain amount of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and cholesterol, mix them in a molar ratio of 8:2, dissolve the DPPC and cholesterol in chloroform, and place them in a round-bottom flask. The chloroform is evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 40°C and a vacuum of 0.1 MPa. Nitrogen is injected to purge any remaining chloroform, forming a uniform DPPC-cholesterol lipid film attached to the inner wall of the flask.

[0028] S1.2. Add a certain amount of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing a quaternary ammonium disinfectant to the DPPC-cholesterol lipid film for hydration.

[0029] Specifically, 50 mg of a quaternary ammonium salt is first weighed and dissolved in PBS. The DPPC-cholesterol lipid film is filtered to remove impurities. The PBS is then added to a round-bottom flask and rotated in a water bath at approximately 40°C to fully hydrate the DPPC-cholesterol lipid film. After hydration, the remaining mixture is sonicated using an ultrasonic processor for approximately 10-15 minutes to form a quaternary ammonium salt liposome suspension.

[0030] Staphylococcus IgG antibodies were added to a quaternary ammonium liposome suspension using the EDC / NHS chemical coupling method. The specific steps are as follows: 1 ml of antibody solution was prepared by weighing the Staphylococcus IgG antibody and dissolving it in PBS. After the preparation was completed, a trace amount of EDC (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide) and NHS (N-hydroxysuccinimide) were added to the quaternary ammonium liposome suspension and stirred. After activating the carboxyl groups on the liposome surface, the antibody solution was added and stirring continued until the coupling reaction was complete to obtain an IgG antibody liposome suspension.

[0031] S1.3. Add Cy5 fluorescent dye into the IgG antibody liposome suspension to obtain a drug-loaded liposome suspension.

[0032] Specifically, about 1 mg of Cy5 fluorescent dye was weighed and dissolved in PBS, filtered, and then added to the IgG antibody liposome suspension and stirred. When the Cy5 fluorescent dye was evenly incorporated into the liposome membrane, the liposome was purified using an ultracentrifuge to remove unbound Cy5 fluorescent dye, thereby obtaining a drug-loaded liposome suspension comprising a quaternary ammonium salt, IgG antibody, and Cy5 fluorescent dye.

[0033] S1.4. In a sterile clean room, prepare drug-loaded microbubble suspension using membrane emulsification method.

[0034] The specific preparation steps are as follows: 1. Prepare a DPPC lipid solution in peracetic acid. Specifically, weigh approximately 200 mg of DPPC and dissolve it in PBS. Add peracetic acid and stir in a water bath at 30-40°C until the DPPC and peracetic acid are evenly dispersed. This forms a DPPC lipid solution in peracetic acid.

[0035] The DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid is placed in an SPG membrane emulsifier. The polycarbonate membrane in the SPG membrane emulsifier is used as the filtration medium and connected to a high-pressure nitrogen bottle. The nitrogen pressure is set at a constant flow rate of 1 mL / min. The DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid is extruded through the polycarbonate membrane to form microbubbles of uniform particle size. To improve the stability of the microbubbles, the microbubbles are allowed to stand for a period of time. After the microbubble structure is uniform, an optical microscope is used to observe the uniformity of the microbubble structure to obtain a peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension.

[0036] S1.5. Add Cy5 fluorescent dye to the peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension to form a drug-loaded microbubble suspension. Specifically, weigh approximately 1 mg of Cy5 fluorescent dye and dissolve it in PBS. After filtering with a filter membrane, add the peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension and stir. Stir for about 1 hour to promote the embedding of the Cy5 fluorescent dye into the phospholipid membrane of the microbubbles while avoiding damage to the hollow microbubble structure. Purify the peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension using a centrifuge to remove the Cy5 fluorescent dye that failed to bind, thereby obtaining a final drug-loaded microbubble suspension containing peracetic acid and Cy5 fluorescent dye.

[0037] S1.6. Configure the microfluidic device. This includes two solenoid valves and a peristaltic pump. The solenoid valves control the fluid flow between the reservoir and the disinfection chamber, while the peristaltic pump provides a constant flow rate. Connect the microfluidic device to the remote control software and enter the operating parameters, including the flow rate and injection time of the drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension.

[0038] Transfer the prepared drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension to two separate reservoirs in the microfluidic device. Use a sterile pipette to extract a small amount of the drug-loaded liposome suspension and slowly inject it into the first reservoir, ensuring that no bubbles remain. Repeat this process and inject the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into the second reservoir. Connect each reservoir to the liquid inlet pipe of the microfluidic device and check the seal of the reservoir. After confirming that there are no leaks, secure the reservoir to the dedicated bracket of the microfluidic device.

[0039] Secure the medical device to be sterilized to the fixture inside the sterilization chamber. First, wipe the surface of the sterilization chamber with an ethanol solution. After disinfection, turn on the ventilation system inside the chamber and continue ventilation for 5-10 minutes to evaporate any residual ethanol. Place the medical device on the fixture and adjust the angle of the fixture so that the surface of the device is fully exposed to the space inside the chamber. Once adjusted, secure the medical device with the locking bolts.

[0040] Start the microfluidic device and perform the sequential injection of drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension through remote control software (GUI software).

[0041] Specifically, select the first reservoir in the remote control software interface, activate the solenoid valve, turn on the peristaltic pump, and inject a predetermined amount of drug-loaded liposome suspension into the disinfection cabin according to the set flow rate. The predetermined amount is determined according to the injection time of the drug-loaded liposome suspension. Assuming that the injection time is between 15 and 30 seconds, the predetermined amount is approximately 0.25 to 0.5 ml. When blockage is found, suspend the injection, run the cleaning program, and use phosphate buffer to dredge the pipeline and then re-inject. After the injection is completed, close the solenoid valve of the first reservoir, switch to the second reservoir, and perform the same operation to complete the injection of the drug-loaded microbubble suspension. When both suspensions are injected, stop the peristaltic pump and record the actual injection volume.

[0042] S2. Use an optical recognition device to locate the target area of the medical device, irradiate the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber, obtain a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and perform preliminary disinfection treatment on the target area of the medical device to obtain a preliminarily sterilized medical device.

[0043] The following steps are included: S2.1. The optical recognition device refers to the imaging analysis equipment integrated in the disinfection cabin, which includes a CMOS sensor, an optical lens, an OpenCV image processing algorithm, and a data transmission interface.

[0044] The optical recognition device is activated to adjust the focus of the CMOS sensor to ensure a clear image of the medical device surface before sterilization. After adjustment, the CMOS sensor captures a color image of the medical device surface before sterilization at a constant frequency and transmits it to the remote control software via the data transmission interface.

[0045] Use the OpenCV image processing algorithm to run the remote control software and convert the RGB pixel values of the color image into a single-channel grayscale value (i.e., grayscale image) through linear transformation. The expression is: ; in, Represents a single channel grayscale value, represents the pixel value of the red channel, represents the pixel value of the green channel, Represents the pixel value of the blue channel; After the conversion is complete, a Gaussian filter is used to set a fixed pixel filter kernel and the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution. The grayscale image is smoothed through convolution, preserving edge information and outputting a filtered grayscale image. The purpose of grayscale conversion and filtering is to enhance image contrast and reduce noise interference.

[0046] The target area of a medical device refers to the top or bottom of the circular boundary of the endoscope lumen and the straight edge of the arthroscopic occlusal gap. The Canny edge detection algorithm is used to identify the geometric features of the target area.

[0047] Specifically, the horizontal gradient and vertical gradient of the filtered grayscale image are calculated. The horizontal gradient is obtained by taking the intensities of adjacent pixels on the left and right sides of the current grayscale image, calculating the difference and performing weighted averaging.

[0048] Similarly, the vertical gradient is to take the intensity of the adjacent pixels above and below the current grayscale image, calculate the difference and perform weighted average.

[0049] Calculate the gradient intensity of the filtered grayscale image, the expression is: ; in, represents the gradient intensity of the filtered grayscale image, represents the horizontal gradient of the filtered grayscale image, Represents the vertical gradient of the filtered grayscale image; Set a gradient intensity threshold between 20% and 60% of the grayscale image's gradient intensity. When the grayscale image's gradient intensity falls within the threshold, it's marked as a weak edge. When the filtered grayscale image's gradient intensity exceeds the threshold, it's marked as a strong edge, indicating a reliable edge pixel, such as a clear lumen boundary. If the filtered grayscale image's gradient intensity falls below the threshold, it's marked as a non-edge.

[0050] S2.2, use Hough transform and contour tracing algorithm to detect the edge contour of the medical device to obtain a binary edge image. Specifically, For endoscope lumens, closed circular or elliptical contours are identified. This involves using the Hough transform to detect circular edge points. By setting the minimum radius, maximum radius, and voting limits, the Hough transform accumulates the votes of edge pixels in the parameter space (i.e., the minimum and maximum radius) and selects the circular contour corresponding to the voting peak.

[0051] When the detected lumen contour is an ellipse, the least squares method is used to automatically fit the ellipse using the circular edge points detected using the Hough transform to determine the fitting parameters, including the center coordinates, major axis, minor axis, and rotation angle. The fitting algorithm undergoes multiple iterations to minimize the distance error between the circular edge points and the ellipse, for example, to less than 2 pixels.

[0052] For arthroscopic occlusal gaps, the Hough transform is used to detect linear edges and automatically set parameters, including angular resolution, minimum segment length, and voting limits. The Hough transform accumulates votes from edge pixels in parameter space (angular resolution, minimum segment length), automatically identifying straight lines within the occlusal gap.

[0053] When the arthroscopic occlusal gap is an irregular, long, narrow shape, a contour tracing algorithm (i.e., the findContours function in OpenCV) is used to extract and filter all closed and open edge contours. This filtering is based on geometric constraints, including the minimum and maximum occlusal gap lengths and widths, as well as the minimum aspect ratio. The occlusal gap length ranges from 10 to 100 pixels, the width from 2 to 10 pixels, and the aspect ratio from 5:1 to 20:1. The algorithm automatically selects narrow contours that match the actual occlusal gap characteristics.

[0054] S2.3. Use the SIFT feature matching algorithm to determine the feature points of the binary edge image and generate a feature descriptor for each feature point.

[0055] The specific operation is to construct a scale space by applying a Gaussian pyramid to the binary edge image, for example, with four layers, each with four scales, to form a multi-scale image. In this multi-scale image, each pixel in the scale space is compared with multiple adjacent pixels one by one, and the local extreme values of all pixels are selected as feature points. A Taylor expansion fitting is then used to remove low-contrast points from the feature points, retaining stable feature points, such as the inflection points of the lumen edge or the endpoints of the occlusal gap.

[0056] The process of generating a feature descriptor is as follows: with the feature point as the center, a 16×16 pixel neighborhood is taken and divided into 4×4 sub-regions. The gradient histograms in 8 directions are calculated for each sub-region, and after normalization, a 128-dimensional feature vector is formed, namely the feature descriptor.

[0057] Set the target area template. For the endoscope lumen, the template is a circular outline, extracted from a computer-aided design (CAD) model or with manually annotated feature points. For the arthroscopic occlusal gap, the template is a linear or irregular narrow outline, for example, 50 pixels long and 5 pixels wide, generated based on the device manufacturing drawing. Feature points and feature descriptors for the target area template are also extracted using the SIFT feature matching algorithm and stored in the remote control software database.

[0058] The feature descriptor is matched with the feature descriptor in the target area template using the nearest neighbor matching method to obtain matching point pairs.

[0059] Specifically, the Euclidean distance between each feature descriptor and the feature descriptor in the target area template is calculated, and the feature descriptor of the target area template with the smallest Euclidean distance between each feature descriptor and the feature descriptor in the target area template is selected as the preliminary match and recorded as the closest distance. Then the second closest distance (i.e., the second largest Euclidean distance after the closest distance) is selected, and the distance ratio of the feature descriptors is obtained by dividing the closest distance by the second closest distance.

[0060] Set the distance threshold based on the medical experimental research report published by Mikolajczyk & Schmid in 2005. A common range for the distance threshold is 0.6 to 0.8. When the distance ratio of the feature descriptors is less than the distance threshold, the match is considered valid and a matching point pair is generated.

[0061] S2.4. Based on the matching point pairs, use the random sampling consistency algorithm to calculate the homography matrix to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area, including: Randomly select four pairs of matching points from the set. Based on the coordinate relationships of these four pairs, define a transformation rule, known as a homography. Apply this transformation rule to all pairs of matching points and check for the number of inliers. Inliers are pairs of matching points whose coordinate error after the homography is less than 2 pixels. Repeat this check multiple times, randomly selecting four pairs each time. Record the transformation rule with the most inliers and count all the inliers, assuming there are 15. Construct a set of constraint equations for these 15 inliers. Use the least squares method to minimize the transformation error for all inliers. Automatically solve the constraint equations using singular value decomposition (SVD) to generate the final homography matrix, which has a 3×3 structure.

[0062] Take the pixel coordinates of the feature point in the binary edge image and add the homogeneous coordinate 1. The homogeneous coordinate 1 is an additional component that expands the pixel coordinates of the feature point into a three-dimensional vector. For example, if the pixel coordinates of a feature point are (1000, 800), adding the homogeneous coordinate 1 will form the pixel vector (1000, 800, 1).

[0063] The homography matrix and the pixel vector are multiplied to generate a three-dimensional vector, which represents the preliminary three-dimensional coordinates of the target area. The remote control software automatically transforms the three-dimensional vector through the cv2.perspectiveTransform function of OpenCV to generate the final three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device.

[0064] S2.5. Configure the near-infrared laser according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device.

[0065] The specific operation is as follows: The near-infrared laser is equipped with an adjustable focus lens with a focal length range of 10-50mm and a three-axis servo motor. The 3D coordinates of the target area are entered into the remote control software, which activates the servo motor to adjust the laser lens so that the laser beam is focused on the target area. After adjustment, the near-infrared laser is warmed up and the output stability is verified using the built-in optical power meter. A photosensitivity test card is placed in the disinfection chamber and a test irradiation is performed to confirm that the laser beam is precisely aligned with the 3D coordinates of the target area without offset or scattering.

[0066] A near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the area where the drug-loaded liposome suspension is located to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant.

[0067] Specifically, the irradiation power is set on the interface of the remote control software and the near-infrared laser is activated. The near-infrared laser irradiates the drug-loaded liposome suspension by focusing the laser beam. During the irradiation process, the laser energy is absorbed by the photosensitizer, namely dihydrochlorin, in the drug-loaded liposome suspension, producing a photothermal effect, which causes the liposome membrane to phase change and rupture, releasing the quaternary ammonium disinfectant.

[0068] S2.6. Use Staphylococcus IgG antibodies to target Staphylococci and form antibody-antigen complexes that attach to the target area of the medical device. Use quaternary ammonium disinfectants to perform preliminary disinfection of the target area.

[0069] Specifically, targeted binding refers to the specificity of Staphylococcus IgG antibodies, which recognize Staphylococcus surface antigens, such as protein A, to form an antibody-antigen complex. Staphylococcus aureus refers to pathogens that naturally contaminate medical device surfaces. Staphylococcus IgG antibodies direct the quaternary ammonium disinfectant to preferentially adhere to the bacterial surface in the target area. In non-target areas, due to the lack of antigens, the amount of Staphylococcus IgG antibodies bound is extremely low, necessitating precise targeting of the quaternary ammonium disinfectant to areas with high concentrations of pathogens.

[0070] The quaternary ammonium disinfectant's cations electrostatically interact with the anionic phospholipids of the cell membrane in the antibody-antigen complex, disrupting the structural integrity of the cell membrane. The hydrophobic chains of the quaternary ammonium disinfectant insert into the cell membrane, forming micropores that leak cellular contents, such as proteins and nucleic acids. This inactivates bacterial metabolic function and ultimately leads to bacterial death. The disinfection process is automatically controlled by remote control software, controlling laser irradiation parameters, including irradiation power and duration.

[0071] S3. Use an ultrasonic generator to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the medical device after preliminary sterilization, and use a near-infrared laser to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain peracetic acid disinfectant.

[0072] The following steps are included: S3.1. The deep structure of medical devices after initial sterilization refers to the micropores on the inner wall of the endoscope lumen and the narrow fissures of the arthroscopic occlusal gap.

[0073] Configure the ultrasonic generator. Specifically, equip the ultrasonic generator with a transducer and connect it to the remote control software via a data cable to set the ultrasonic generator parameters, including frequency and sound intensity.

[0074] The transducer position is adjusted based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area, aligning the focus of the ultrasonic generator with the target area of the sterilized medical device. The ultrasonic generator is activated and the preheating process is run. The ultrasonic wave, focused through the transducer onto the target area of the medical device, creates a cavitation effect, i.e., oscillation and microfluidization of the microbubble suspension. This causes the drug-loaded microbubble suspension to vibrate under the action of acoustic radiation forces, driving the drug-loaded microbubble suspension to migrate along the deep structures of the initially sterilized medical device, penetrating to a depth of approximately 2 mm.

[0075] S3.2. After the infiltration is completed, a near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant.

[0076] Specifically, the near-infrared laser is started and the preheating program is run. Since the near-infrared laser generates laser energy, when the laser energy irradiates the drug-loaded microbubble suspension, a photodynamic effect is generated. Specifically, the laser energy is absorbed by the photosensitizer in the drug-loaded microbubble suspension, generating reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, thereby destroying the polymer shell (polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer) of the drug-loaded microbubble suspension. After the shell ruptures, the peracetic acid disinfectant containing the Cy5 fluorescent signal is released.

[0077] At the same time, the photodynamic effect will induce the internal gas core of the drug-loaded microbubble suspension to expand, generating mechanical stress of more than 10kPa, further accelerating the rupture of the shell and generating microjets.

[0078] S4. Perform final disinfection of the deep structures of the medical devices after initial sterilization using peracetic acid disinfectant, evaluate the final disinfection results, and output a medical device disinfection report.

[0079] The following steps are included: S4.1. Under the action of microfluidics, the generated peracetic acid disinfectant penetrates deep into the structure of the initially sterilized medical device, performing final disinfection and killing any residual microorganisms, such as E. coli, on the surface of the medical device. The peracetic acid disinfectant produces an oxidative effect that disrupts the integrity of the microbial cell membrane, specifically the bacterial bilayer phospholipid membrane, which consists of proteins and phospholipids. Previously generated reactive oxygen species react with phospholipids and proteins, forming pores that allow the microbial cellular contents, such as nucleic acids and proteins, to leak out. The peracetic acid disinfectant then oxidizes the catalase within the microbial cells, inhibiting cellular metabolism. Final disinfection is then completed, and sterilization parameters, including the peracetic acid disinfectant concentration and the time required for the chemical reaction, are recorded.

[0080] After disinfection is completed, the sterilization rate after disinfection is calculated, and the expression is: ; in, Indicates the sterilization rate after disinfection, represents the number of surviving bacteria, represents the initial number of bacteria.

[0081] S4.2. Use confocal microscopy to evaluate the final disinfection results and obtain a medical device disinfection report.

[0082] Specifically, the confocal microscope was configured, i.e., the magnification and excitation wavelength were set. Prior to evaluation, the bacterial fluorescence signal was captured using the configured confocal microscope. This signal was converted into a digital image using a photomultiplier tube. The average fluorescence intensity of the bacteria in the digital image was calculated using OpenCV as the initial fluorescence intensity.

[0083] A confocal microscope was started using remote control software to scan the deep structure of the disinfected medical device to generate a three-dimensional fluorescence image. The deep structure of the disinfected medical device was scanned using an ultrasound imaging probe, and the contour detection function of OpenCV was used to automatically annotate and calculate the pixel area of the deep structure. At the same time, the OpenCV threshold segmentation function extracted the Cy5 fluorescence signal in the peracetic acid disinfectant and automatically calculated the pixel area of the Cy5 fluorescence signal.

[0084] The coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant was calculated based on the pixel area of the deep structure of the medical device and the fluorescence area of the Cy5 fluorescence signal. The expression is: ; in, Indicates the coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, The pixel area representing the deep structure of the medical device, The pixel area represents the Cy5 fluorescence signal.

[0085] After the final disinfection is completed, the confocal microscope is used again to capture the fluorescence signal of the surviving bacteria. The photomultiplier tube is used to convert the fluorescence signal of the surviving bacteria into a fluorescence image. The average fluorescence intensity of the surviving bacteria is calculated using OpenCV as the survival fluorescence intensity. The survival fluorescence intensity and the initial fluorescence intensity are converted into the number of surviving bacteria and the initial number of bacteria, respectively. The conversion process takes the number of surviving bacteria as an example. The conversion formula is: ; in, represents the number of surviving bacteria, represents the fluorescence intensity of survival. represents the initial fluorescence intensity.

[0086] According to the number of initial bacteria and the number of surviving bacteria, the survival rate of bacteria is calculated as follows: ; in, represents the survival rate of bacteria, represents the initial number of bacteria.

[0087] Use remote control software to automatically integrate the calculated sterilization rate after disinfection, coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, bacterial survival rate and sterilization parameters into PDF format to form a medical device disinfection report.

[0088] This embodiment also provides a medical device disinfection system for remote disinfection, comprising: a preparation module for preparing a drug-loaded liposome suspension and a drug-loaded microbubble suspension, injecting the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into a disinfection chamber, and securing the medical device; A preliminary sterilization module uses an optical recognition device to locate the target area of the medical device, irradiates the drug-loaded liposome suspension, obtains a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and performs preliminary disinfection treatment on the target area of the medical device to obtain a preliminary sterilized medical device; The delivery module uses an ultrasonic generator to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into the deep structure of the medical device and uses a near-infrared laser to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension to produce a peracetic acid disinfectant; The terminal sterilization module uses peracetic acid disinfectant to perform final disinfection on the deep structure of medical devices, evaluates the final disinfection results, and outputs a medical device disinfection report.

[0089] This embodiment also provides a computer device suitable for the case of a medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection proposed in the above embodiment.

[0090] The computer device may be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, a communication interface, a display, and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication. Wireless communication may be achieved via Wi-Fi, a carrier network, NFC (near-field communication), or other technologies. The display of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display or an electronic ink display. The input device may be a touchscreen overlay on the display, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device housing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0091] This embodiment also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection proposed in the above embodiment; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0092] In summary, the present invention uses multiple algorithms such as random sampling consistency algorithm to accurately locate the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device, thereby achieving accurate identification of the complex structure of the medical device. Staphylococcus IgG antibodies are targeted and bound to Staphylococcus, releasing quaternary ammonium disinfectants for disinfection, thereby achieving precise sterilization guided by the antibody-antigen complex. Compared with manual positioning and non-targeted disinfection, the present invention solves the problem of insufficient coverage of the disinfectant and reduces the survival rate of bacteria. By using confocal microscopy and OpenCV algorithm to evaluate the Cy5 fluorescence signal and bacterial fluorescence intensity, real-time quantification of disinfectant coverage and bacterial survival rate is achieved, greatly improving the evaluation accuracy of the disinfection effect.

[0093] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for remote disinfection of medical devices, characterized by: include, preparing a drug-loaded liposome suspension and a drug-loaded microbubble suspension, injecting the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension into a disinfection chamber, and fixing the medical device; An optical recognition device is used to locate the target area of the medical device, and the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber is irradiated to obtain a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and the target area of the medical device is preliminarily disinfected to obtain a preliminarily sterilized medical device; An ultrasonic generator is used to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical device, and a near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant; Use peracetic acid disinfectant to perform final disinfection on the deep structure of medical devices after preliminary sterilization, evaluate the final disinfection results, and output the medical device disinfection report.

2. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the drug-loaded liposome suspension and the drug-loaded microbubble suspension includes mixing DPPC and cholesterol and dissolving them in chloroform to obtain a DPPC-cholesterol lipid film; adding a phosphate buffer containing a quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant into the DPPC-cholesterol lipid film for hydration to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt liposome suspension; Staphylococcus IgG antibody was selected as an additive, and the additive was added to the quaternary ammonium salt liposome suspension using the EDC / NHS chemical coupling method to form an IgG antibody liposome suspension, and Cy5 fluorescent dye was added to obtain a drug-loaded liposome suspension; A DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid was prepared, and the DPPC lipid solution of peracetic acid was filtered using an SPG membrane emulsifier to obtain a peracetic acid-loaded microbubble suspension, and Cy5 fluorescent dye was added to form a drug-loaded microbubble suspension.

3. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of using the optical recognition device to locate the target area of the medical device includes acquiring a color image of the surface of the medical device, converting the color image into a grayscale image, and performing a convolution operation on the grayscale image using a Gaussian filter method to obtain a filtered grayscale image. Setting a gradient intensity threshold, calculating the gradient intensity of the filtered grayscale image and comparing it with the gradient intensity threshold, determining the edge intensity of the medical device, and obtaining the edge contour of the medical device; Use Hough transform to detect the edge contour of medical devices and obtain a binary edge image; The SIFT feature matching algorithm is used to determine the feature points of the binary edge image, and a feature descriptor is generated with the feature points as the center. The target area template is set, and the nearest neighbor matching algorithm is used to match the feature descriptor and the target area template, and the matching point pairs are output; Calculate the homography matrix based on the matching point pairs, add the homogeneous coordinates of the feature points in the binary edge image to form a pixel vector; The homography matrix and pixel vector are combined to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device.

4. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The obtaining of the quaternary ammonium disinfectant comprises inputting the three-dimensional coordinates of the target area of the medical device into the remote control software and configuring a near-infrared laser; The laser beam generated by the configured near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the target area of the medical device. During the irradiation process, the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber produces a photothermal effect, releasing the quaternary ammonium disinfectant.

5. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The medical device is initially sterilized by targeting and binding Staphylococcus IgG antibodies to Staphylococcus to form an antibody-antigen complex; The antibody-antigen complex is attached to the target area of the medical device, and the target area of the medical device is initially disinfected through electrostatic interaction between the cations in the quaternary ammonium disinfectant and the anions in the antibody-antigen complex.

6. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the peracetic acid disinfectant includes configuring and starting an ultrasonic generator, utilizing the cavitation effect generated by ultrasound to infiltrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the preliminarily sterilized medical device; The laser energy of a near-infrared laser is used to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to destroy the polymer shell layer in the drug-loaded microbubble suspension and obtain a peracetic acid disinfectant.

7. The medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output medical device disinfection report includes performing final disinfection on the deep structure of the medical device after preliminary sterilization through the oxidation effect generated by the peracetic acid disinfectant, and calculating the sterilization rate after disinfection and recording the sterilization parameters; Calculate the coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, configure a confocal microscope and capture the fluorescence signals of initial bacteria and surviving bacteria, and calculate the bacterial survival rate; The sterilization rate after disinfection, the coverage of peracetic acid disinfectant, the survival rate of bacteria and sterilization parameters are integrated to obtain the medical device disinfection report.

8. A medical device disinfection system for remote disinfection, based on the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, Preparation module, preparing drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension, injecting the drug-loaded liposome suspension and drug-loaded microbubble suspension into the disinfection chamber, and fixing the medical device; The initial sterilization module uses an optical recognition device to locate the target area of the medical device, irradiates the drug-loaded liposome suspension in the disinfection chamber, obtains a quaternary ammonium disinfectant, and performs a preliminary disinfection treatment on the target area of the medical device to obtain a preliminarily sterilized medical device; The delivery module uses an ultrasonic generator to penetrate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber into the deep structure of the medical device after preliminary sterilization, and uses a near-infrared laser to irradiate the drug-loaded microbubble suspension in the disinfection chamber to obtain peracetic acid disinfectant; The final sterilization module uses peracetic acid disinfectant to perform final disinfection on the deep structure of medical devices after preliminary sterilization, evaluates the final disinfection results, and outputs a medical device disinfection report.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the medical device disinfection method for remote disinfection according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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