Pressure relief method for fault area outside stopping line
By laying multiple sets of pressure relief drilling holes in the coal mine tunnel and blasting, the problem of poor pressure relief effect in the wrong area outside the stop mining line is solved, and safety improvement and the risk of impact ground pressure is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510664860.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
AI Technical Summary
During coal mining, the outward arrangement of the stop-pull line leads to frequent impact ground pressure accidents. The existing pressure relief methods are not effective in the outer wrong area, affecting the safety of mining.
When the work faces the preset distance of the stop-pull line, multiple sets of pressure relief drilling holes are arranged at the set position of the tunnel, and explosives are placed in the drilling holes for blasting. Combined with the pressure relief holes of the top plate, the back and the bottom plate, multiple rounds of small-pitch pressure relief are achieved to optimize stress distribution.
It improves the pressure relief effect in the wrong areas outside the mining stop line, enhances safety, reduces the risk of impact ground pressure, and ensures safe production of mines.
Smart Images
Figure CN120465933A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mines, and in particular to a pressure relief method for an outer offset area of a stop-mining line. Background Art
[0002] During coal mining, to improve recovery rates and avoid wasting coal resources, the stop-mining line of the current working face is often offset from the stop-mining line of the previous working face. However, offsetting the stop-mining line in rock burst mines can easily lead to localized stress concentrations, making rock burst accidents more likely to occur during mining, impacting mine safety and worker safety. Relevant technologies often use coal seam roof blasting to relieve pressure, but this is ineffective in the offset area, compromising mining safety. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line, which can improve the pressure relief effect and safety of the offset area outside the stop-mining line.
[0004] The pressure relief method for the outer staggered area of the stop mining line of an embodiment of the present invention includes: when the working face approaches a preset distance from the stop mining line, starting to arrange a first group of pressure relief drill holes at a set position of the tunnel, wherein the tunnel is located between the working face and the goaf of the previous working face, and a coal pillar is formed between the tunnel and the goaf of the previous working face; starting from the set position of the tunnel, arranging a second group of pressure relief drill holes at intervals in a direction away from the working face; arranging a third group of pressure relief drill holes between the first group of pressure relief drill holes and the second group of pressure relief drill holes; arranging a plurality of groups of intermediate holes spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes; starting from the third group of pressure relief drill holes, arranging a fourth group of pressure relief drill holes at intervals in a direction away from the working face, and so on, arranging a fifth group of pressure relief drill holes, a sixth group of pressure relief drill holes and an intermediate hole group, and the sixth group of pressure relief drill holes is located between the fourth group of pressure relief drill holes and the fifth group of pressure relief drill holes, until the pressure relief of the outer staggered area is completed.
[0005] The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve the pressure relief effect of the offset area outside the stop-mining line and improve safety.
[0006] In some embodiments, when arranging each group of pressure relief drill holes, it includes: drilling multiple holes on the roof of the tunnel to form multiple first blasting holes, and placing explosives in the first blasting holes for blasting; drilling holes on a side of the tunnel away from the coal pillar to form second blasting holes, and placing explosives in the second blasting holes for blasting; drilling holes on a side of the tunnel away from the coal pillar to form first pressure relief holes, and the first pressure relief holes and the second blasting holes are arranged at intervals; drilling holes on the bottom plate of the tunnel to form second pressure relief holes.
[0007] In some embodiments, multiple holes are drilled in the roof of the tunnel to form multiple first blasting holes, and explosives are placed in the first blasting holes for blasting, including: arranging a first first blasting hole and a second first blasting hole on the shoulder of the tunnel, and the first first blasting hole and the second first blasting hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel and are arranged upwardly inclined; arranging a third first blasting hole in the middle of the top of the tunnel, and the third first blasting hole is arranged vertically upward; placing explosives in the first first blasting hole, the second first blasting hole and the third first blasting hole for the first blasting; arranging a fourth first blasting hole between the first first blasting hole and the third first blasting hole, and arranging a fifth first blasting hole between the second first blasting hole and the third first blasting hole; placing explosives in the fourth first blasting hole and the fifth first blasting hole for the second blasting hole.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first blasting hole and the second first blasting hole are symmetrically arranged, and the angle between the first blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 60°-65°.
[0009] In some embodiments, the fourth first blasting hole and the fifth first blasting hole are arranged symmetrically, and the angle between the fourth first blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 70°-80°.
[0010] In some embodiments, the dip distance between two adjacent first blasting holes among the plurality of first blasting holes is 0.5 m-1 m.
[0011] In some embodiments, a hole is drilled on a side of the tunnel away from the coal pillar to form a second blasting hole, and explosives are placed in the second blasting hole for blasting, including: arranging a first second blasting hole on a side of the tunnel away from the coal pillar, wherein the first second blasting hole extends in a direction away from the tunnel and is arranged upwardly inclined, and the terminal hole position of the first second blasting hole is located at the junction of the coal seam and the roof; arranging a second second blasting hole at the junction of the side of the tunnel away from the coal pillar and the bottom plate, wherein the second second blasting hole extends in a direction away from the tunnel and is arranged downwardly inclined, and the terminal hole position of the second second blasting hole passes through the coal seam; and placing explosives in the first second blasting hole and the second second blasting hole for a third blasting.
[0012] In some embodiments, the distance between the openings of the first and second blasting holes and the bottom plate of the tunnel is 1.5 m.
[0013] In some embodiments, the angle between the second blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 40°-45°.
[0014] In some embodiments, the first pressure relief hole is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the tunnel and is located between the first second blasting hole and the second second blasting hole.
[0015] In some embodiments, drilling holes on the bottom plate of the tunnel to form second pressure relief holes includes: drilling holes on the bottom plate of the tunnel to form a first second pressure relief hole and a second second pressure relief hole, wherein the first second pressure relief hole and the second second pressure relief hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel and are arranged downwardly inclined to pass through the bottom plate coal seam.
[0016] In some embodiments, the aperture of the first blasting hole is larger than that of the second blasting hole, and the aperture of the first pressure relief hole is the same as that of the second pressure relief hole and is larger than that of the first blasting hole.
[0017] In some embodiments, multiple groups of intermediate hole groups are arranged between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel, including: drilling a first intermediate hole in the tunnel side of the two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, and the first intermediate hole is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the tunnel; drilling a second intermediate hole and a third intermediate hole in the tunnel bottom plate of the two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, wherein the second intermediate hole and the third intermediate hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel and are arranged downwardly and obliquely to pass through the bottom plate coal seam, completing the arrangement of one group of intermediate hole groups, and so on, completing the arrangement of multiple groups of intermediate hole groups. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for decompression in an offset area outside a stop-mining line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the pressure relief hole in the outer offset area of the stop mining line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the pressure relief hole in the outer offset area of the stop mining line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Reference numerals:
[0022] Coal seam 10, working face 101, stop mining line 102, roadway 103,
[0023] The goaf of the previous working face is 20, the stop line of the previous working face is 30, and the coal pillar is 40.
[0024] The first group of pressure relief holes 11, the second group of pressure relief holes 12, the third group of pressure relief holes 13, the fourth group of pressure relief holes 14,
[0025] The first blasting hole 2, the first first blasting hole 21, the second first blasting hole 22, the third first blasting hole 23, the fourth first blasting hole 24, the fifth first blasting hole 25,
[0026] The second blasting hole 3, the first second blasting hole 31, the second second blasting hole 32,
[0027] The first pressure relief hole 4,
[0028] The second pressure relief hole 5 , a first second pressure relief hole 51 , and a second second pressure relief hole 52 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 3 The pressure relief method for the outer offset area of the stop-mining line according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
[0031] The pressure relief method for the area outside the stop mining line 102 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: when the working face 101 is close to the stop mining line 102 by a preset distance, starting to arrange a first group of pressure relief drill holes 11 at a set position of the roadway 103, wherein the roadway 103 is located between the working face 101 and the goaf 20 of the previous working face, and a coal pillar 40 is formed between the roadway 103 and the goaf 20 of the previous working face; starting from the set position of the roadway 103, arranging a second group of pressure relief drill holes 12 at intervals in a direction away from the working face 101; A third group of pressure relief boreholes 13 is arranged between the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 and the second group of pressure relief boreholes 12; multiple groups of intermediate hole groups are arranged between two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel 103; starting from the third group of pressure relief boreholes 13, a fourth group of pressure relief boreholes 14 is spaced apart in a direction away from the working face 101, and the fifth group of pressure relief boreholes, the sixth group of pressure relief boreholes and the intermediate hole groups are arranged in sequence, and the sixth group of pressure relief boreholes is located between the fourth group of pressure relief boreholes 14 and the fifth group of pressure relief boreholes, until the pressure relief of the outer staggered area is completed.
[0032] The pressure relief method for the outer staggered area of the stop mining line 102 of the embodiment of the present invention starts to implement pressure relief when the working face 101 is close to the preset distance of the stop mining line 102, arranges a first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 at a set position (pressure relief starting position) of the tunnel 103 to relieve pressure at the starting position, and after the pressure relief at the starting position is completed, arranges a second group of pressure relief boreholes 12 at a second position on the side of the starting position away from the working face 101 to relieve pressure at the second position, and after the pressure relief at the second position is completed, the pressure relief holes between the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 and the second group of pressure relief boreholes 12 are arranged. A third group of pressure relief boreholes 13 is arranged at the third position. By arranging another group of pressure relief boreholes between two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes, the spacing between the pressure relief borehole groups is shortened while the stress distribution is optimized, thereby achieving tight pressure relief of the tunnel 103 with small spacing, thereby improving the pressure relief effect. By arranging multiple groups of intermediate holes between two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes, the stress distribution between the two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes is further optimized, and the above-mentioned pressure relief process is repeated to achieve multiple rounds of small-spacing pressure relief in the outer offset area of the stop-production line 102, thereby further improving the pressure relief effect and thereby improving safety.
[0033] Specifically, if Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, for the convenience of description, the extension direction of the tunnel 103 is the front-to-back direction, the width direction of the tunnel 103 is the left-to-right direction, and the height direction of the tunnel 103 is the up-to-down direction. In this embodiment, the stop mining line 102 of the working face 101 in mining is offset compared to the stop mining line 30 of the previous working face. Therefore, the tunnel 103 corresponding to the working face 101 and adjacent to the goaf 20 of the previous working face includes a first section and a second section arranged in sequence in the front-to-back direction. The first section is located behind the stop mining line 102 of the previous working face 101, and the second section is located in front of the stop mining line 102 of the previous working face 101. The left side of the first section is the coal pillar 40, the right side of the first section is the coal seam 10, and the left and right sides of the second section are both coal seams 10.
[0034] It should be noted that coal mining regulations require that roof pressure relief blasting must be performed 150 meters ahead of the working face. Therefore, in this embodiment, the position set is 150 meters from the working face, that is, the position 150 meters forward from the working face 101 is the pressure relief starting position. For example, the preset distance is 200 meters, that is, in this embodiment, pressure relief begins when the working face 101 approaches the stop line 102 at 200 meters, and the first position pressure relief begins at a position 150 meters from the working face.
[0035] A first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 is arranged at the first position. After the pressure relief at the first position is completed, a second group of pressure relief boreholes 12 is arranged at the second position. The second position is located in front of the first position. After the pressure relief at the second position is completed, a third group of pressure relief boreholes 13 is arranged between the first position and the second position. Preferably, the third group of pressure relief boreholes 13 is arranged in the middle position between the first position and the second position. After the pressure relief at the third position is completed, an intermediate hole group is arranged between the first position and the third position and between the third position and the second position. After the pressure relief of the intermediate hole group is completed, the first round of pressure relief is completed, that is, the first round includes the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11, the intermediate hole group, the third group of pressure relief boreholes 13, the intermediate hole group, and the second group of pressure relief boreholes 12 arranged at intervals from back to front, and the pressure relief order is the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11, the second group of pressure relief boreholes 12, the third group of pressure relief boreholes 13, and the intermediate hole group.
[0036] A fourth group of pressure relief boreholes 14 is arranged at the fourth position, which is located in front of the third position. After the pressure relief at the fourth position is completed, a fifth group of pressure relief boreholes is arranged at the fifth position, which is located in front of the fourth position. After the pressure relief at the fifth position is completed, a sixth group of pressure relief boreholes is arranged between the fourth and fifth positions. Preferably, the sixth group of pressure relief boreholes is arranged at the middle position between the fourth and fifth positions. After the pressure relief at the sixth position is completed, an intermediate hole group is arranged between the fourth and sixth positions and between the sixth and fifth positions. After the pressure relief at the intermediate hole group is completed, the second round of pressure relief is completed, that is, the second round includes the fourth group of pressure relief boreholes 14, the intermediate hole group, the sixth group of pressure relief boreholes, the intermediate hole group, and the fifth group of pressure relief boreholes arranged from back to front, and the pressure relief order is the fourth group of pressure relief boreholes 14, the fifth group of pressure relief boreholes, the sixth group of pressure relief boreholes, and the intermediate hole group. The third and fourth rounds of pressure relief are completed in sequence. The number of rounds is based on the specific distance to be relieved and the spacing between the pressure relief drilling groups.
[0037] Optionally, the spacing distances between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes are set to be the same, and the spacing distances between two adjacent groups of intermediate hole groups in the plurality of intermediate hole groups are set to be the same, so as to achieve uniform distribution of stress.
[0038] For example, the spacing distance between the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 and the second group of pressure relief boreholes 12 is 10m, and the spacing distance between the first group of pressure relief boreholes 11 and the third group of pressure relief boreholes 13 is 5m. In this embodiment, the spacing distance between two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes is not specifically limited, and specific adjustments can be made with reference to the rock properties of the roof during specific implementation.
[0039] In some embodiments, when arranging each group of pressure relief drill holes, it includes: drilling multiple holes on the roof of the tunnel 103 to form multiple first blasting holes 2, and placing explosives in the first blasting holes 2 for blasting; drilling holes on the side of the tunnel 103 away from the coal pillar 40 to form second blasting holes 3, and placing explosives in the second blasting holes 3 for blasting; drilling holes on the side of the tunnel 103 away from the coal pillar 40 to form first pressure relief holes 4, and the first pressure relief holes 4 and the second blasting holes 3 are arranged at intervals; drilling holes on the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 to form second pressure relief holes 5.
[0040] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first blasting hole 2 is first set on the top plate of the tunnel 103 for blasting pressure relief, and a second blasting hole 3 is set on the side of the tunnel 103 for blasting pressure relief. Then, a first pressure relief hole 4 is set on the side of the tunnel 103, and a second pressure relief hole 5 is set on the bottom plate of the tunnel 103. By relieving pressure on the side and bottom plate of the tunnel 103, the stress transfer path is cut off, the stress is redistributed, and the pressure relief of the entire section of the tunnel 103 is achieved, thereby improving the pressure relief effect of the outer offset area of the stop-mining line 102.
[0041] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, by relieving the pressure on the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 , it is possible to avoid the phenomenon in which the bottom plate bulges and causes the tunnel 103 to shrink, thereby ensuring the normal use of the tunnel 103 .
[0042] In some embodiments, multiple holes are drilled on the roof of the tunnel 103 to form multiple first blasting holes 2, and explosives are placed in the first blasting holes 2 for blasting, including: arranging a first first blasting hole 21 and a second first blasting hole 22 on the shoulder of the tunnel 103, and the first first blasting hole 21 and the second first blasting hole 22 both extend in a direction away from the tunnel 103 and are arranged upwardly inclined; arranging a third first blasting hole 23 in the middle of the top of the tunnel 103, and the third first blasting hole 23 is arranged vertically upward; placing explosives in the first first blasting hole 21, the second first blasting hole 22 and the third first blasting hole 23 for the first blasting; arranging a fourth first blasting hole 24 between the first first blasting hole 21 and the third first blasting hole 23, and arranging a fifth first blasting hole 25 between the second first blasting hole 22 and the third first blasting hole 23; and placing explosives in the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the fifth first blasting hole 25 for the second blasting.
[0043] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, there are five first blasting holes 2. The first first blasting hole 21 is first arranged on the left shoulder of the tunnel 103. The first first blasting hole 21 extends upward and is arranged inclined to the left. Then, the second first blasting hole 22 is arranged on the right shoulder of the tunnel 103. The second first blasting hole 22 extends upward and is arranged inclined to the right, that is, one is inclined to the upper left and the other is inclined to the upper right. Finally, the third first blasting hole 23 is arranged in the middle position of the tunnel 103. The third first blasting hole 23 is vertically upward along the top plate. After completing the three first blasting holes 2, explosives are placed in the three first blasting holes 2, and the three first blasting holes 2 are blasted together to complete the first blasting. After the first blasting, the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the fifth first blasting hole 25 are arranged. The fourth first blasting hole 24 is inclined to the upper left, and the fifth first blasting hole 25 is inclined to the upper right, that is, the five first blasting holes 2 are arranged in a fan shape. Explosives are placed in the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the fifth first blasting hole 25 for the second blasting. By blasting in stages, punching caused by excessive amount of explosives is avoided, thereby improving the blasting effect.
[0044] For example, the diameter of the first blasting hole 2 is 75 mm, the depth of the first blasting hole 2 is confirmed by the position of the key layer of the top plate, and the specifications of the explosives placed in the first blasting hole 2 are 63 mm*0.5 m*1500 g, that is, the diameter of the explosive is 63 mm, the length of one section of explosives is 0.5 m, the weight of one section of explosives is 1500 g, and the charging amount can be 40 kg, which is subject to the actual hole depth.
[0045] In some embodiments, the first blasting hole 21 and the second first blasting hole 22 are symmetrically arranged, with the first first blasting hole 21 forming an angle of 60°-65° with the horizontal plane. For example, the first first blasting hole 21 forms an angle of 65° with the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, by limiting the inclination direction of the first blasting holes 2, the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2 are prevented from overlapping, while also preventing a gap between the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2, thereby ensuring a blasting effect and, in turn, a pressure relief effect.
[0046] In some embodiments, the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the fifth first blasting hole 25 are symmetrically arranged, and the angle between the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the horizontal plane is 70°-80°. For example, the angle between the fourth first blasting hole 24 and the horizontal plane is 75°. In this embodiment, by limiting the inclination direction of the first blasting holes 2, the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2 are prevented from overlapping, and a blank zone is prevented from forming between the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2, thereby ensuring the blasting effect and, in turn, the pressure relief effect.
[0047] In some embodiments, the dip spacing between two adjacent first blast holes 2 in the plurality of first blast holes 2 is 0.5 m to 1 m. The dip spacing refers to the distance between the openings of two adjacent first blast holes 2 in the left-right direction. By limiting the dip spacing, overlapping of the openings of the plurality of first blast holes 2 is avoided, facilitating drilling construction.
[0048] In this embodiment, the inclination direction of the first blasting holes 2 is limited to avoid overlapping of the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2 and to avoid the appearance of a blank zone between the blasting ranges of the explosives in two adjacent first blasting holes 2, thereby ensuring the blasting effect and further ensuring the pressure relief effect.
[0049] In some embodiments, a hole is drilled on a side of the tunnel 103 away from the coal pillar 40 to form a second blasting hole 3, and explosives are placed in the second blasting hole 3 for blasting, including: arranging a first second blasting hole 31 on a side of the tunnel 103 away from the coal pillar 40, wherein the first second blasting hole 31 extends in a direction away from the tunnel 103 and is arranged upwardly inclined, and the final hole position of the first second blasting hole 31 is located at the junction of the coal seam 10 and the roof; arranging a second second blasting hole 32 at the junction of the side of the tunnel 103 away from the coal pillar 40 and the bottom plate, wherein the second second blasting hole 32 extends in a direction away from the tunnel 103 and is arranged downwardly inclined, and the final hole position of the second second blasting hole 32 passes through the coal seam 10; and placing explosives in the first second blasting hole 31 and the second second blasting hole 32 for a third blasting.
[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first second blasting hole 31 is formed by drilling on the right side of the tunnel 103. The first second blasting hole 31 extends to the right and is arranged tilted upward, that is, it extends to the upper right. The final hole position of the first second blasting hole 31 is the junction of the coal seam 10 and the roof, cutting off the stress transfer path between the roof and the coal seam 10, avoiding stress concentration, and improving the pressure relief effect.
[0051] A second blasting hole 32 is drilled at the junction of the right side of the tunnel 103 and the bottom plate. The second blasting hole 32 extends to the right and is arranged to be tilted downward, that is, it extends to the lower right. The final hole position of the second blasting hole 32 passes through the coal seam 10, cutting off the stress transfer path between the coal seam 10 and the next rock layer, avoiding stress concentration, and improving the pressure relief effect.
[0052] Optionally, the second blasting hole 3 is a coal body pressure relief blasting hole, the aperture of the second blasting hole 3 is 42 mm, and the specifications of the explosives placed in the second blasting hole 3 are 32 mm*0.2 m*150 g, that is, the diameter of the explosives is 32 mm, the length of one section of explosives is 0.2 m, and the weight of one section of explosives is 150 g. The specific charging amount is based on the actual hole depth.
[0053] In some embodiments, the distance between the opening of the first second blasting hole 31 and the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 is 1.5m, so as to cover a larger pressure relief range and improve the pressure relief effect. For example, the hole depth of the first second blasting hole 31 is 12m.
[0054] In some embodiments, the angle between the second blasting hole 32 and the horizontal plane is 40°-45°. By limiting the inclination angle of the second blasting hole 32, it is convenient to relieve pressure in the area below the right side of the side part, thereby improving the pressure relief effect.
[0055] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first pressure relief hole 4 is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 and is located between the first second blasting hole 31 and the second second blasting hole 32. By arranging the first pressure relief hole 4 between the first second blasting hole 31 and the second second blasting hole 32, the pressure relief range is increased, stress concentration is avoided, and the pressure relief effect is improved.
[0056] For example, the first pressure relief hole 4 is a large-diameter coal body pressure relief hole, that is, the hole diameter of the first pressure relief hole 4 is 150 mm, the hole depth is 25 m, and the distance between the hole opening of the first pressure relief hole 4 and the bottom plate is 1.2-1.5 m.
[0057] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, drilling is performed on the floor of the roadway 103 to form the second pressure relief hole 5, including: drilling a first second pressure relief hole 51 and a second second pressure relief hole 52 on the floor of the roadway 103, wherein the first second pressure relief hole 51 and the second second pressure relief hole 52 both extend in a direction away from the roadway 103 and are arranged downwardly and obliquely, penetrating the floor coal seam 10. The first second pressure relief hole 51 and the second second pressure relief hole 52 are arranged symmetrically, with the first second pressure relief hole 51 extending to the lower left and the second second pressure relief hole 52 extending to the lower right, so as to facilitate simultaneous pressure relief on both the left and right sides of the floor and improve the pressure relief effect.
[0058] For example, the second pressure relief hole 5 is a large-diameter pressure relief hole on the bottom plate, that is, the hole diameter of the second pressure relief hole 5 is 150 mm, the hole depth is 25 m, and the angle between the second pressure relief hole 5 and the vertical plane is 80°.
[0059] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first blasting hole 2 is larger than that of the second blasting hole 3, and the diameter of the first pressure relief hole 4 is the same as that of the second pressure relief hole 5 and is larger than that of the first blasting hole 2. In this embodiment, by limiting the diameters of the first blasting hole 2, the second blasting hole 3, the first pressure relief hole 4, and the second pressure relief hole 5, they are more adaptable to the pressure relief requirements of the installation location, thereby preventing rock collapse and improving the pressure relief effect.
[0060] In some embodiments, multiple groups of intermediate hole groups are arranged between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel 103, including: drilling a first intermediate hole in the side of the tunnel 103 in the two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, and the first intermediate hole is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the tunnel 103; drilling a second intermediate hole and a third intermediate hole in the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 in the two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, wherein the second intermediate hole and the third intermediate hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel 103 and are arranged downwardly and obliquely to pass through the bottom coal seam 10, completing the arrangement of one group of intermediate hole groups, and so on, completing the arrangement of multiple groups of intermediate hole groups.
[0061] In this embodiment, multiple groups of intermediate hole groups are arranged at intervals between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drilling holes. Each group of intermediate hole groups includes three intermediate holes, that is, the first intermediate hole is arranged on the right side of the tunnel 103 and is parallel to the first pressure relief hole 4, the second intermediate hole is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 and is parallel to the first second pressure relief hole 51, and the third intermediate hole is arranged on the bottom plate of the tunnel 103 and is parallel to the second second pressure relief hole 52. After completing the first group of intermediate hole groups, the second group of intermediate hole groups is constructed on the right side of the first group of intermediate hole groups, and so on. By setting multiple groups of intermediate hole groups, the elastic strain energy in the coal body can be fully released and the pressure relief effect can be improved.
[0062] For example, the distance between two adjacent middle hole groups is 0.8m.
[0063] In this embodiment, five first blasting holes 2 are arranged on the top plate, two second blasting holes 3 are arranged on the side plate, one first pressure relief hole 4 is arranged on the side plate, and two second pressure relief holes 5 are arranged on the bottom plate. By combining different pressure relief methods,
[0064] In this embodiment, a first blasting hole 2 is set on the roof for pressure relief, a second blasting hole 3 is set in the coal body on the right side for pressure relief, a large-diameter first pressure relief hole 4 is set in the side for pressure relief, and a large-diameter second pressure relief hole 5 is set on the bottom plate for pressure relief. The four pressure relief drilling holes are arranged together, and a full-section multi-round small-spacing prevention and control method is adopted to eliminate the risk of impact ground pressure in the outer offset area of the stop-mining line 102, extend the pressure cycle, reduce the pressure intensity, and reduce the degree of damage to the tunnel 103, laying a safety foundation for the safe and smooth mining of the outer offset area of the working face 101.
[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0066] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0067] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.
[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
[0069] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.
[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for relieving pressure in an offset area outside a stop-mining line, characterized in that: include: When the working face approaches a preset distance from the stop mining line, a first set of pressure relief drill holes is arranged at a set position in a roadway, wherein the roadway is located between the working face and the goaf of the previous working face, and a coal pillar is formed between the roadway and the goaf of the previous working face; Arranging a second set of pressure relief drill holes at intervals starting from a set position of the roadway and in a direction away from the working surface; Arrange a third group of pressure relief boreholes between the first group of pressure relief boreholes and the second group of pressure relief boreholes; Arrange multiple groups of intermediate holes between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes and spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel; Starting from the third group of pressure relief drill holes, the fourth group of pressure relief drill holes are arranged at intervals in the direction away from the working surface, and the fifth group of pressure relief drill holes, the sixth group of pressure relief drill holes and the intermediate hole group are arranged in sequence, and the sixth group of pressure relief drill holes is located between the fourth group of pressure relief drill holes and the fifth group of pressure relief drill holes until the pressure relief of the outer staggered area is completed.
2. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When arranging each set of pressure relief boreholes, include: Drilling multiple holes in the roof of the tunnel to form a plurality of first blasting holes, and placing explosives in the first blasting holes for blasting; Drilling a hole on one side of the roadway away from the coal pillar to form a second blasting hole, and placing explosives in the second blasting hole for blasting; Drilling a hole on one side of the roadway away from the coal pillar to form a first pressure relief hole, wherein the first pressure relief hole and the second blasting hole are arranged at intervals; A second pressure relief hole is formed by drilling a hole on the bottom plate of the tunnel.
3. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Drilling multiple holes in the roof of the tunnel to form multiple first blasting holes, and placing explosives in the first blasting holes for blasting, including: Arranging a first first blasting hole and a second first blasting hole on the shoulder of the tunnel, wherein the first first blasting hole and the second first blasting hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel and are arranged upwardly inclined; Arranging a third first blasting hole at the middle position of the top of the tunnel, wherein the third first blasting hole is arranged vertically upward; placing explosives into the first blasting hole, the second first blasting hole, and the third first blasting hole to perform a first blasting; Arranging a fourth first blasting hole between the first first blasting hole and the third first blasting hole, and arranging a fifth first blasting hole between the second first blasting hole and the third first blasting hole; Explosives are placed in the fourth first blasting hole and the fifth first blasting hole to carry out a second blasting.
4. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first blasting hole and the second blasting hole are symmetrically arranged, and the angle between the first blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 60°-65°; and / or, The fourth first blasting hole and the fifth first blasting hole are arranged symmetrically, and the angle between the fourth first blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 70°-80°; and / or, The inclined distance between two adjacent first blasting holes among the plurality of first blasting holes is 0.5m-1m.
5. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Drilling a hole on one side of the roadway away from the coal pillar to form a second blasting hole, and placing explosives in the second blasting hole for blasting, including: Arranging a first second blasting hole on a side of the roadway away from the coal pillar, wherein the first second blasting hole extends in a direction away from the roadway and is arranged upwardly inclined, and the terminal hole position of the first second blasting hole is located at the junction of the coal seam and the roof; Arranging a second blasting hole at the junction of the side of the roadway away from the coal pillar and the bottom plate, wherein the second blasting hole extends in a direction away from the roadway and is arranged downwardly inclined, and the terminal hole position of the second blasting hole passes through the coal seam; Explosives are placed in the first second blasting hole and the second second blasting hole to carry out a third blasting.
6. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The distance between the opening of the first and second blasting holes and the bottom plate of the tunnel is 1.5m; and / or, The angle between the second blasting hole and the horizontal plane is 40°-45°.
7. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first pressure relief hole is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the tunnel and is located between the first second blasting hole and the second second blasting hole.
8. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Drilling a hole on the bottom plate of the tunnel to form a second pressure relief hole, comprising: A first second pressure relief hole and a second second pressure relief hole are drilled on the floor of the tunnel, wherein the first second pressure relief hole and the second second pressure relief hole both extend in a direction away from the tunnel and are arranged downwardly and obliquely through the floor coal seam.
9. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aperture of the first blasting hole is larger than that of the second blasting hole. The aperture of the first pressure relief hole is the same as that of the second pressure relief hole and is larger than that of the first blasting hole.
10. The pressure relief method for the offset area outside the stop-mining line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arrange multiple groups of intermediate holes spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel between two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, including: Drilling a first middle hole in the side of the roadway in two adjacent groups of pressure relief drill holes, wherein the first middle hole is arranged parallel to the bottom plate of the roadway; Drilling is performed on the bottom plate of the roadway in two adjacent groups of pressure relief boreholes to form a second intermediate hole and a third intermediate hole, wherein the second intermediate hole and the third intermediate hole both extend in a direction away from the roadway and are arranged downwardly and obliquely to pass through the bottom plate coal seam, thereby completing the arrangement of one group of intermediate holes, and so on, completing the arrangement of multiple groups of intermediate holes.