A sampling device and method for road soil detection

Abstract

The application discloses a sampling device and method for road soil detection, and relates to the field of soil sampling. The device comprises a moving frame, a lifting plate arranged on the moving frame in a lifting mode, a sampling cylinder arranged on the lifting plate in a rotating mode, and rotating teeth arranged at the bottom of the sampling cylinder. A screw rod is rotatably connected to the moving frame in a vertical direction. The lifting plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod. A guide rod is arranged on the moving frame in a vertical direction. The moving frame is inserted into the guide rod and is in sliding fit. A sampling port is formed in the outer wall of the sampling cylinder. A sealing plate is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder at the sampling port. The application can greatly reduce the workload of the staff during sampling and is suitable for multi-point sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil sampling, and in particular to a sampling device and method for road soil testing. Background Technology

[0002] Road soil testing is basically the same as water and air quality testing. By using appropriate testing methods, various physical and chemical properties of the soil are measured, such as iron, manganese, total potassium, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, moisture, total arsenic, available boron, fluoride, chloride, mineral oil, and total salt content, to achieve the current status of soil quality testing.

[0003] During road inspections, it is necessary to sample the road soil. Sampling is usually done using a sampling device. Existing sampling devices include a sampling tube. The staff holds the sampling device, the sampling tube is rotated, and the drill at the bottom of the sampling tube gradually penetrates into the soil. The soil enters the sampling tube, thereby achieving the collection and sampling of the soil.

[0004] Because soil sampling in practice requires multiple sampling points, workers need to hold the sampling device repeatedly. During the operation, the motor drives the sampling tube to rotate, which generates vibrations upon contact with the soil, which are transmitted to the worker's hands. Furthermore, workers need to apply downward pressure to the sampling device to ensure the sampling tube successfully enters the soil. Therefore, the workload for workers is significant, especially during multi-point sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the workload of staff during the sampling process, this application provides a sampling device and method for road soil testing.

[0006] The sampling device and method for road soil testing provided in this application adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] A sampling device for road soil testing includes a movable frame, a lifting plate that is raised and lowered on the movable frame, a sampling cylinder that is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate, and a rotating gear at the bottom of the sampling cylinder. A lead screw is rotatably connected to the movable frame in the vertical direction, and the lifting plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A guide rod is also provided on the movable frame in the vertical direction, and the movable frame and the guide rod are inserted into and slidably engaged. A sampling port is provided on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder, and a sealing plate is detachably connected to the sampling cylinder at the sampling port.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, after the mobile frame is moved to the sampling position, the rotation of the sampling tube is started, and then the screw rotates, the lifting plate gradually descends, and the sampling tube rotates. Under the action of the rotating teeth, it rotates into the soil more smoothly. After sampling is completed, the lifting plate rises, driving the sampling tube to detach from the soil. The sealing plate is opened, and the soil can be taken out from the sampling tube. The sampling device of this application automatically raises and lowers the sampling tube, eliminating the need for manual operation, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff, and the mobile frame facilitates the overall movement.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting plate is provided with a drive motor, and a connecting shaft is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor. A limit block is provided at the end of the connecting shaft. An installation block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling cylinder. An adapter groove is provided on the installation block to be inserted into and slidably engaged with the connecting shaft. A limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the installation block located in the adapter groove. The limit block is inserted into and engaged with the limit groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sampling cylinder and the drive motor are coaxially connected, the sampling cylinder is inserted into the connecting shaft. At this time, the limiting block will retract, and then the connecting shaft enters the fitting groove. When the limiting block moves to the limiting groove, the limiting block extends and inserts into the limiting groove. Through the cooperation of the limiting block and the limiting groove, the coaxial rotation of the connecting shaft and the sampling cylinder is realized, that is, when the drive motor is running, the sampling cylinder rotates synchronously.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting shaft has a sliding groove, the limiting block slides in the sliding groove, the connecting shaft is provided with a compression spring in the sliding groove, one end of the compression spring is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the limiting block; the limiting block has a first wedge-shaped surface, and when the first wedge-shaped surface abuts against the opening of the matching groove, the limiting block slides into the sliding groove; the side of the limiting block has a second wedge-shaped surface, and one side of the limiting groove has a third wedge-shaped surface that matches the second wedge-shaped surface.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the connecting shaft and the mounting block of the sampling cylinder are inserted, when the first wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block contacts the opening of the adapter groove, the limiting block slides into the sliding groove under the action of the first wedge-shaped surface to avoid the insertion of the connecting shaft and the adapter groove. When the connecting shaft moves to the designated position, the sampling cylinder is rotated. When the limiting groove moves to the limiting block, the compression spring acts, and the limiting block and the limiting groove are inserted, thus forming a coaxial rotational fit. When it is necessary to disassemble the sampling cylinder, the sampling cylinder is rotated, and the second wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block and the third wedge-shaped surface of the limiting groove are engaged. The limiting block gradually enters the sliding groove, and then the sampling cylinder can be slid outward, so that the sampling cylinder is disengaged from the connecting shaft. In this way, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the sampling cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting block is provided with a buffer spring at the bottom of the adapter groove, and an abutment plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the buffer spring. The mounting block is provided with a sliding groove on the inner wall of the adapter groove, and a slider is provided on the side of the abutment plate to slide and cooperate with the sliding groove. When the sampling cylinder and the connecting shaft are inserted and cooperated, the lower end of the connecting shaft abuts against the abutment plate. The height of the limiting groove is greater than that of the limiting block.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling tube contacts the soil surface, the lifting plate continues to descend. At this time, the connecting shaft abuts against the abutment plate, and the buffer spring is compressed. Then the connecting shaft drives the sampling tube to descend synchronously. During the process of the sampling tube rotating into the soil, if there are hard objects such as stones in the soil that block it, the rotating teeth will be damaged if the sampling tube continues to go deeper. In this case, when there is a hard object blocking it, the lifting plate continues to descend, and the compression spring will be further compressed, which plays a buffering role and prevents the sampling tube from going deeper and causing greater wear on the rotating teeth.

[0015] Preferably, the sampling tube has a narrowed section on its lower side, and a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the narrowed section. Soil enters the sampling tube from the lower side through the connecting hole and then enters the sampling tube. A baffle is slidably provided at the narrowed section to block the connecting hole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling operation is completed, the lifting plate rises, and at this time the baffle slides and blocks the connecting hole, which can prevent the soil from falling down during the rising of the sampling tube and affecting the sampling effect.

[0017] Preferably, the sampling cylinder has a receiving groove formed vertically on its inner wall. A linkage rod is slidably arranged within the receiving groove. A first hinge post is hinged to the lower end of the linkage rod. A second hinge post is hinged to the side of the baffle near the linkage rod. The first and second hinge posts are connected by an abutment spring. A sliding groove is formed in the reduced diameter section. The baffle slides into the sliding groove. A moving groove is also formed on the side wall of the reduced diameter section located in the sliding groove. A moving block is provided on the side of the baffle that slides into the moving groove. A first return spring is provided in the reduced diameter section located in the moving groove. One end of the first return spring is connected to the moving block, and the other end of the first return spring is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling operation is completed, the lifting plate rises, and the linkage rod rises simultaneously. During the rise of the linkage rod, the end of the abutment spring moves upward. As the abutment spring changes to a horizontal state, the thrust of the abutment spring on the baffle gradually increases. When the abutment spring is in a horizontal state, the thrust is at its maximum, and the baffle is pushed to block the connecting hole. When the lifting plate descends for sampling, the linkage rod is in a descending state, and the first reset spring causes the baffle to open, without affecting the collection and sampling of soil. When the linkage rod is in a descending state, the abutment spring is in an inclined state and in a compressed state. When the linkage rod rises, the abutment spring gradually becomes horizontal. During the process, the pushing force of the abutment spring on the baffle gradually exceeds the force of the first reset spring, realizing the sliding of the baffle. Due to the extension of the abutment spring, the baffle can be moved a large distance, that is, the baffle can be displaced a large distance while the linkage rod moves a small distance, ensuring the sealing of the connecting hole. If the traditional wedge surface driving method is used, the movement distance of the baffle is limited. And if the connecting hole is sealed with a small movement distance of the baffle, it means that the diameter of the connecting hole is small, which affects the sampling of soil. Therefore, in this application, the abutment spring is used to realize the large displacement of the baffle, which can ensure that the connecting hole has a certain diameter, so that the soil can enter the sampling tube smoothly.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting block has a movable groove on the top wall of the limiting groove, and a linkage block is slidably connected to the mounting block in the movable groove. A second return spring is provided in the mounting block in the movable groove. One end of the second return spring is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove, and the other end of the second return spring is connected to the linkage block. The linkage block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sampling tube comes into contact with the soil, the lifting plate continues to descend, the connecting shaft moves downward relative to the sampling tube, and compresses the buffer spring. At this time, the second reset spring is in a relaxed state, and the limit block will not exert pressure on the linkage block. When the sampling is completed, the lifting plate rises, and the connecting shaft rises first relative to the sampling sleeve. At this time, the limit block exerts pressure on the linkage block, causing the linkage block to rise. Since the linkage block is fixedly connected to the linkage rod, the linkage rod rises synchronously, thereby causing the baffle to block the connecting hole and prevent soil from falling.

[0021] Preferably, the sampling port has a first stepped portion, and the periphery of the sealing plate has a second stepped portion adapted to the first stepped portion; the mounting block has an insertion groove, and the mounting block has a wedge block telescopically arranged on the top wall of the insertion groove; the inner wall of the sealing plate has an insertion block, which is inserted into the insertion groove; and the insertion block has a locking groove that is inserted into the wedge block.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sealing plate and the sampling port are matched, the first step and the second step are fitted together to ensure the sealing of the fitting. When the sealing plate and the sampling port are matched, the plug block is inserted into the plug slot, and the plug block will cause the wedge block to shrink. When the wedge block moves to the locking slot and extends out, it is inserted into the locking slot, thereby fixing the sealing plate.

[0023] Preferably, a pull rod is slidably connected to the mounting block, the lower end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the wedge block, and a tension spring is provided on the upper side of the mounting block, the upper end of the tension spring being connected to the upper end of the pull rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sealing plate and sampling tube are installed, the wedge block is inserted into the locking groove. When it is necessary to remove the sealing plate to take out the soil, the staff pulls the handle upwards, and the sealing plate and sampling tube are unlocked, so the sealing plate can be easily removed.

[0025] A sampling method for road soil testing, using the above-mentioned sampling device, includes the following steps:

[0026] S1: Move the device to the sampling position using the mobile frame;

[0027] S2: Install the sampling tube;

[0028] S3: Start the device. The lifting plate drives the sampling cylinder to descend, and the sampling cylinder rotates synchronously to take a sample.

[0029] S4: After sampling is completed, the sampling tube rises and leaves the ground;

[0030] S5: Remove the sealing plate and take out the soil from the sampling port.

[0031] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. The lifting plate is driven by a screw to automatically lift the sampling cylinder, eliminating the need for manual operation, greatly reducing the workload of the staff, and the mobile frame facilitates the overall movement.

[0033] 2. When the connecting shaft and the mounting block of the sampling cylinder are inserted, the connecting shaft can smoothly enter the fitting groove through the action of the first wedge surface. When disassembling the two, by rotating the sampling cylinder, the limiting block retracts into the sliding groove under the cooperation of the second and third wedge surfaces, which facilitates disassembly. That is, the sampling cylinder and the connecting shaft in this application can be quickly disassembled and assembled, which improves the convenience of using the device.

[0034] 3. By sealing the connecting hole with a baffle, soil detachment can be prevented when the sampling tube rises. During the rise, the limiting block will abut against the linkage block, causing the linkage block to rise. The linkage block synchronously drives the linkage rod to rise. During the rise of the linkage rod, the end of the abutting spring moves upward. As the abutting spring changes from an inclined state to a horizontal state, the thrust of the abutting spring on the baffle gradually increases. When the abutting spring is in a horizontal state, the thrust is at its maximum, and the baffle is pushed to seal the connecting hole. In this process, through the action of the abutting spring, a large displacement of the baffle can be achieved when the linkage rod moves a small distance, ensuring the sealing of the connecting hole. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sampling device according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block in Embodiment 1 of the sampling device of this application, mainly showing the structure of the limiting block;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the mounting block and connecting shaft in Embodiment 1 of the sampling device of this application, mainly showing the structure of the second wedge surface and the third wedge surface;

[0038] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the sampling device of Embodiment 1 of this application, mainly showing the structure of the sealing plate and the sampling port;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the sampling device embodiment 1 of this application from another perspective, mainly showing the structure of the wedge block and the hand lever;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sampling device embodiment 2 of this application, mainly showing the structure of the reduced diameter section and the connecting hole;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a top sectional view of the reduced diameter section in Embodiment 2 of the sampling device of this application, mainly showing the cooperation between the moving block and the moving groove;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The enlarged view of part A mainly shows the structure of the linkage block.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1. Moving frame; 11. Universal brake wheel; 12. Lead screw; 13. Guide rod; 2. Lifting plate; 21. Drive motor; 3. Sampling cylinder; 31. Sampling port; 32. First step; 4. Rotating gear; 5. Sealing plate; 51. Second step; 52. Insertion block; 521. Locking groove; 6. Connecting shaft; 61. Limiting block; 611. First wedge surface; 612. Second wedge surface; 62. Sliding groove; 63. Compression spring; 7. Mounting block; 71. Adaptor groove; 72. Limiting groove; 721. Third wedge surface; 7 3. Buffer spring; 74. Abutment plate; 741. Slider; 75. Slide groove; 76. Insertion groove; 77. Wedge block; 78. Hand lever; 79. Tension spring; 8. Reduced diameter section; 81. Connecting hole; 82. Sliding groove; 83. Moving groove; 84. Clearance opening; 9. Baffle; 91. Second hinge post; 92. Moving block; 10. Receiving groove; 20. Linkage rod; 201. First hinge post; 30. Abutment spring; 40. First return spring; 50. Movable groove; 501. Second return spring; 60. Linkage block; 70. Connecting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0045] This application discloses a sampling device for road soil testing.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Reference Figure 1 The sampling device for road soil testing includes a mobile frame 1, a lifting plate 2, a sampling cylinder 3, and a rotating gear 4. The bottom of the mobile frame 1 is equipped with universal brake wheels 11 for easy movement. A lead screw 12 is rotatably connected to the mobile frame 1 in the vertical direction. The lifting plate 2 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 12. A guide rod 13 is also installed on the mobile frame 1 in the vertical direction. The lifting plate 2 is inserted into and slidably engaged with the guide rod 13. The lead screw 12 is driven by a motor, and its rotation realizes the lifting action of the lifting plate 2. The sampling cylinder 3 is rotatably engaged with the lifting plate 2. A drive motor 21 is installed on the lifting plate 2, and the drive motor 21 drives the sampling cylinder 3 to rotate. A sealing plate 5 is detachably connected to the surface of the sampling cylinder 3. By removing the sealing plate 5, the soil inside the sampling cylinder 3 can be taken out. The rotating gear 4 is integrally formed at the lower end of the sampling cylinder 3.

[0048] This sampling device adopts an automated operation mode: after the mobile frame 1 is positioned at the sampling point, the sampling cylinder 3 is rotated and the lead screw 12 is driven simultaneously, causing the lifting plate 2 to drive the sampling cylinder 3 to press down at a uniform speed. The external rotating teeth 4 of the sampling cylinder 3 achieve progressive cutting during rotation, ensuring a smooth and stable soil sampling process. After sampling is completed, the sampling cylinder 3 rises until it is detached from the soil, and the operator only needs to open the sealing plate 5 to obtain a complete soil sample. This design achieves fully mechanized operation through a mechatronics structure, completely avoiding traditional manual sampling methods. It not only significantly reduces labor intensity, but its movable support also facilitates rapid transfer between different sampling points, greatly improving the efficiency of field sampling.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drive motor 21 is set vertically downward. A connecting shaft 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 21. A limit block 61 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 6. An installation block 7 is welded and fixed to the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3. An adapter groove 71 is provided on the installation block 7. The connecting shaft 6 is inserted into and slidably engaged with the adapter groove 71. A limit groove 72 is provided on the inner wall of the installation block 7 located in the adapter groove 71. The limit block 61 is inserted into and engaged with the limit groove 72.

[0050] When the sampling cylinder 3 is inserted and assembled with the connecting shaft 6 of the drive motor 21, the built-in limiting block 61 first retracts to avoid it. After the connecting shaft 6 is fully inserted into the adapter groove 71, the limiting block 61 extends and inserts into the limiting groove 72 on the connecting shaft 6, thereby realizing the coaxial rotation of the sampling cylinder 3 and the connecting shaft 6.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting shaft 6 has two sliding grooves 62 arranged symmetrically. Two limiting blocks 61 are also provided, and each limiting block 61 slides and engages with a corresponding sliding groove 62. A compression spring 63 is located within the sliding groove 62 of the connecting shaft 6. One end of the compression spring 63 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 62, and the other end is connected to the limiting block 61. A first wedge-shaped surface 611 is formed on the limiting block 61. When the connecting shaft 6 and the sampling cylinder 3 are inserted, the first wedge-shaped surface 611... The sampling cylinder 3 is rotated so that the second wedge surface 61 of the sampling cylinder 61 engages with the third wedge surface 721, thereby allowing the sampling cylinder 3 to be smoothly disengaged from the connecting shaft 6. The sampling cylinder 3 is in contact with the groove opening of the adapter groove 71, and the limiting block 61 slides into the sliding groove 62. The second wedge surface 612 of the limiting block 61 and the third wedge surface 721 of the limiting block 61 are engaged, so that the limiting block 61 can slide into the sliding groove 62, thereby allowing the sampling cylinder 3 to be smoothly disengaged from the connecting shaft 6.

[0052] When the connecting shaft 6 is inserted into the mounting block 7, the first wedge-shaped surface 611 of the limiting block 61 contacts the opening of the fitting groove 71, generating a radial force that forces the limiting block 61 back into the sliding groove 62, ensuring smooth insertion of the connecting shaft 6. After the connecting shaft 6 reaches the working position, the sampling cylinder 3 is rotated to align the limiting block 61 with the limiting groove 72, and the compression spring 63 immediately pushes the limiting block 61 into the limiting groove 72. During disassembly, the sampling cylinder 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the interaction of the second and third wedge-shaped surfaces 721 generates radial displacement, causing the limiting block 61 to automatically exit the locking position, achieving tool-free and rapid separation.

[0053] The mounting block 7 is provided with a buffer spring 73 at the bottom of the adapter groove 71. The upper end of the buffer spring 73 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 74. The mounting block 7 is provided with a sliding groove 75 on the inner wall of the adapter groove 71. The side of the abutment plate 74 is provided with a slider 741 that slides and cooperates with the sliding groove 75. After the sampling cylinder 3 and the connecting shaft 6 are installed and connected, the lower end of the connecting shaft 6 abuts against the abutment plate 74. The height of the limiting groove 72 is greater than that of the limiting block 61, that is, the limiting block 61 can slide vertically in the limiting groove 72.

[0054] When the sampling cylinder 3 contacts the ground, the lifting plate 2 continues to press down. At this time, the connecting shaft 6 first contacts the abutment plate 74 and compresses the buffer spring 73, forming an initial preload. Under normal sampling conditions, this preload ensures that the sampling cylinder 3 obtains sufficient soil penetration power. When encountering hard obstacles such as rocks, the buffer spring 73 undergoes elastic deformation to absorb the downward pressure, causing the sampling cylinder 3 to automatically stop feeding. The spring compression can reach 15-20mm, effectively eliminating more than 90% of the impact load, protecting the structural integrity of the rotating gear 4, and allowing pressure scale markings to be engraved on the upper end of the connecting shaft 6 to provide real-time feedback on the sampling status, reducing the equipment failure rate.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The sampling tube 3 has a sampling port 31, and the sealing plate 5 is used to close the sampling port 31. A first step 32 is formed at the opening of the sampling port 31, and a second step 51 that matches the first step 32 is formed on the periphery of the sealing plate 5. The mounting block 7 has an insertion groove 76, and a wedge block 77 is telescopically provided on the top wall of the mounting block 7 at the insertion groove 76. The inner wall of the sealing plate 5 is integrally formed with an insertion block 52, which is inserted into the insertion groove 76. The insertion block 52 has a locking groove 521 that is inserted into the wedge block 77.

[0056] The mounting block 7 has a vertically opening connecting groove 70 that communicates with the insertion groove 76. A pull rod 78 is slidably connected to the mounting block 7 within the connecting groove 70. The upper end of the pull rod 78 protrudes from the surface of the mounting block 7, and the lower end of the pull rod 78 is fixedly connected to the wedge block 77. A tension spring 79 is provided on the upper side of the mounting block 7. The tension spring 79 is vertically arranged, with one end connected to the mounting block 7 and the other end connected to the upper end of the pull rod 78.

[0057] When the sealing plate 5 is closed with the sampling port 31, the first and second stepped surfaces fit together precisely to form a double sealing interface, ensuring the sealing performance of the joint surface. At the same time, the insertion block 52 on the sealing plate 5 is inserted into the insertion groove 76 of the sampling cylinder 3, pushing the wedge-shaped locking block to retract radially; when aligned with the locking groove 521, the wedge-shaped block 77 automatically springs into the locking groove 521 under the action of the tension spring 79, completing the mechanical interlock. During disassembly, the inclined surface release mechanism of the wedge-shaped block 77 is triggered by pulling the handle 78, causing the locking block to retract instantaneously and release the lock, allowing the sealing plate 5 to be quickly removed.

[0058] The implementation principle of the sampling device for road soil testing in this application embodiment is as follows: the mobile frame 1 is moved to the sampling point, the sampling tube 3 is installed, the lifting plate 2 is lowered, and the sampling tube 3 rotates synchronously. The rotation of the rotating teeth 4 achieves gradual soil entry. After sampling, the sealing plate 5 is removed, and the soil sample can be taken out from the sampling port 31. In this application, no manual pressure is required to achieve soil entry of the sampling tube 3, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff and facilitates multi-point sampling operations.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Reference Figure 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a narrowed section 8 is formed on the lower side of the sampling cylinder 3. The diameter of the narrowed section 8 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and a connecting hole 81 is provided in the middle of the narrowed section 8. The soil sample enters the connecting hole 81 from the lower side of the sampling cylinder 3 and then enters the sampling cylinder 3. Baffles 9 are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the narrowed section 8 and the connecting hole 81. The two baffles 9 slide towards each other to block the connecting hole 81. After sampling, this prevents the soil sample from falling out of the connecting hole 81 when the sampling cylinder 3 rises.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The sampling cylinder 3 has a vertically oriented receiving groove 10 on its inner wall. A linkage rod 20 is slidably mounted on the sampling cylinder 3 within the receiving groove 10. A first hinge post 201 is hinged to the lower end of the linkage rod 20. A second hinge post 91 is hinged to the side of the baffle 9 near the linkage rod 20. The first hinge post 201 and the second hinge post 91 are connected by an abutment spring 30. A sliding groove 82 is provided in the reduced diameter section 8. The baffle 9 slides and engages with the sliding groove 82. A moving groove 83 is provided on the side wall of the reduced diameter section 8 located in the sliding groove 82. A moving block 92 is provided on the side of the baffle 9 and slides and engages with the moving groove 83. A first return spring 40 is provided in the reduced diameter section 8 located in the moving groove 83. One end of the first return spring 40 is connected to the moving block 92, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove 83. Furthermore, a clearance opening 84 is provided on the side of the reduced diameter portion 8 near the receiving groove 10 to avoid the shape change of the abutment spring 30. The clearance opening 84 is connected to the sliding groove 82 and is located on the lower side of the sliding groove 82.

[0062] When the lifting plate 2 is raised, the linkage rod 20 moves upward synchronously, driving the abutment spring 30 to gradually change from its initial compressed state to a horizontal position. During this deformation process, the mechanical advantage generated by the spring gradually increases the thrust. When the spring reaches the horizontal position, it forms the maximum thrust torque, which can overcome the resistance of the first return spring 40, push the baffle 9 to move, and seal the connecting hole 81. This motion amplification mechanism realizes a small stroke input and a large displacement output. Through the geometric nonlinear deformation characteristics of the spring, the contradiction between the large diameter requirement and the small installation space is perfectly solved, achieving a balance between sampling efficiency and sealing reliability while maintaining the compactness of the equipment.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 The mounting block 7 has a movable groove 50 on the top wall of the limiting groove 72. The mounting block 7 is slidably connected to the linkage block 60 in the movable groove 50. The mounting block 7 is provided with a second return spring 501 in the movable groove 50. One end of the second return spring 501 is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 50, and the other end of the second return spring 501 is connected to the linkage block 60. The linkage block 60 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod 20.

[0064] After the sampling cylinder 3 comes into contact with the soil, the lifting plate 2 continues to descend, and the connecting shaft 6 moves downward relative to the sampling cylinder 3, compressing the buffer spring 73. At this time, the second reset spring 501 is in a relaxed state, and the limit block 61 will not exert pressure on the linkage block 60. When the sampling is completed, the lifting plate 2 rises, and the connecting shaft 6 rises relative to the sampling sleeve first. At this time, the limit block 61 exerts pressure on the linkage block 60, causing the linkage block 60 to rise. Since the linkage block 60 is fixedly connected to the linkage rod 20, the linkage rod 20 rises synchronously, thereby causing the baffle 9 to block the connecting hole 81 and prevent the soil from falling.

[0065] This application discloses a sampling method for road soil testing, employing the sampling device described in any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: Move the device to the sampling position using the mobile frame 1;

[0067] S2: Install sampling tube 3;

[0068] S3: Start the device. The lifting plate 2 drives the sampling cylinder 3 to descend. The sampling cylinder 3 rotates synchronously to take a sample.

[0069] S4: After sampling is completed, sampling cylinder 3 rises and leaves the ground;

[0070] S5: Remove the sealing plate 5 and take out the soil from the sampling port 31.

[0071] When performing multi-point sampling, after step S5, move the mobile frame 1 to another sampling position and repeat steps S2 to S5.

[0072] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A sampling device for road soil testing, characterized in that: The device includes a movable frame (1), a lifting plate (2) that is lifted and lowered on the movable frame (1), a sampling cylinder (3) that is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate (2), and a rotating tooth (4) at the bottom of the sampling cylinder (3). A screw rod (12) is rotatably connected to the movable frame (1) in the vertical direction. The lifting plate (2) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (12). A guide rod (13) is also provided on the movable frame (1) in the vertical direction. The movable frame (1) and the guide rod (13) are inserted into each other and slide together. A sampling port (31) is provided on the outer wall of the sampling cylinder (3). A sealing plate (5) is detachably connected to the sampling port (31) of the sampling cylinder (3). A drive motor (21) is provided on the lifting plate (2). A connecting shaft (6) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor (21). A limit block (61) is provided at the end of the connecting shaft (6). An installation block (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3). An adapter groove (71) is provided on the installation block (7) to be inserted into and slidably engaged with the connecting shaft (6). A limit groove (72) is provided on the inner wall of the installation block (7) located in the adapter groove (71). The limit block (61) is inserted into and engaged with the limit groove (72). The connecting shaft (6) is provided with a sliding groove (62), and the limiting block (61) slides in the sliding groove (62). The connecting shaft (6) is provided with a compression spring (63) in the sliding groove (62). One end of the compression spring (63) is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (62), and the other end of the compression spring (63) is connected to the limiting block (61). A first wedge-shaped surface (611) is formed on the limiting block (61). When the first wedge-shaped surface (611) abuts against the opening of the fitting groove (71), the limiting block (61) slides into the sliding groove (62). A second wedge-shaped surface (612) is provided on the side of the limiting block (61), and a third wedge-shaped surface (721) that is adapted to the second wedge-shaped surface (612) is formed on one side of the limiting groove (72).

2. The sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting block (7) is provided with a buffer spring (73) at the bottom of the adapter groove (71). The upper end of the buffer spring (73) is fixedly connected to an abutment plate (74). The mounting block (7) is provided with a sliding groove (75) on the inner wall of the adapter groove (71). The side of the abutment plate (74) is provided with a slider (741) that slides and cooperates with the sliding groove (75). When the sampling cylinder (3) and the connecting shaft (6) are inserted and cooperated, the lower end of the connecting shaft (6) abuts against the abutment plate (74). The height of the limiting groove (72) is greater than that of the limiting block (61).

3. A sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A narrowed section (8) is formed on the lower side of the sampling tube (3). A connecting hole (81) is provided in the middle of the narrowed section (8). Soil enters the connecting hole (81) from the lower side of the sampling tube (3) and then enters the sampling tube (3). A baffle (9) is slidably provided at the narrowed section (8). The baffle (9) is used to block the connecting hole (81).

4. A sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling cylinder (3) has a vertically oriented receiving groove (10) on its inner wall. A linkage rod (20) is slidably mounted on the sampling cylinder (3) within the receiving groove (10). A first hinge post (201) is hinged to the lower end of the linkage rod (20). A second hinge post (91) is hinged to the side of the baffle (9) near the linkage rod (20). The first hinge post (201) and the second hinge post (91) are connected by a contact spring (30). The reduced diameter section (8) has a sliding groove (82). The baffle (9) slides and engages with the sliding groove (82). The reduced diameter part (8) is located on the side wall of the sliding groove (82) and a moving groove (83) is also provided. The side of the baffle (9) is provided with a moving block (92) that slides and engages with the moving groove (83). The reduced diameter part (8) is located in the moving groove (83) and a first return spring (40) is provided. One end of the first return spring (40) is connected to the moving block (92), and the other end of the first return spring (40) is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove (83).

5. A sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting block (7) has a movable groove (50) on the top wall of the limiting groove (72). The mounting block (7) has a linkage block (60) slidably connected in the movable groove (50). The mounting block (7) has a second return spring (501) in the movable groove (50). One end of the second return spring (501) is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove (50), and the other end of the second return spring (501) is connected to the linkage block (60). The linkage block (60) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod (20).

6. A sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling port (31) has a first stepped portion (32) formed in the opening, and the sealing plate (5) has a second stepped portion (51) that matches the first stepped portion (32) on its periphery; the mounting block (7) has a plug-in groove (76) provided on it, and the mounting block (7) has a wedge block (77) telescopically provided on the top wall of the plug-in groove (76), and the inner wall of the sealing plate (5) has a plug-in block (52) provided on it. The plug-in block (52) is plugged into the plug-in groove (76), and the plug-in block (52) has a locking groove (521) that is plugged into the wedge block (77).

7. A sampling device for road soil testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pull rod (78) is slidably connected to the mounting block (7). The lower end of the pull rod (78) is fixedly connected to the wedge block (77). A tension spring (79) is provided on the upper side of the mounting block (7). The upper end of the tension spring (79) is connected to the upper end of the pull rod (78).

8. A sampling method for road soil testing, characterized in that: The sampling device according to any one of claims 1-7 comprises the following steps: S1: Move the device to the sampling position using the moving frame (1); S2: Install the sampling tube (3); S3: Start the device, the lifting plate (2) drives the sampling cylinder (3) to descend, and the sampling cylinder (3) rotates synchronously to take a sample; S4: After sampling is completed, the sampling tube (3) rises and leaves the ground; S5: Remove the sealing plate (5) and take out the soil from the sampling port (31).

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