Cathode electrode including cobalt-free NMX and LMR cathode active materials

Abstract

A battery cell includes A anode electrodes, C cathode electrodes, where each of the C cathode electrodes includes a cathode active material layer disposed on a cathode current collector, and S separators, where A, C, S are integers greater than 1. The cathode active material layer includes a cathode active material including an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to battery cells, and more particularly to battery cells including a cathode electrode that includes a cathode active material layer having both NMX and LMR cathode active materials. Background Art

[0002] The information provided in this section is intended to generally introduce the background of the present disclosure. To the extent that work currently named as inventors is described in this section, and with respect to aspects of the specification that may not have otherwise been identified as prior art at the time of filing, no admission is made, either expressly or by implication, that it is prior art with respect to the present disclosure.

[0003] The present disclosure relates to battery cells, and more particularly to battery cells including a cathode electrode that includes a cathode active material layer having both NMX and LMR cathode active materials.

[0004] Electric vehicles (EVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid vehicles, and / or fuel cell vehicles, include one or more electric motors and a battery system comprising one or more battery cells, modules, and / or battery packs. A power control system is used to control the charging and / or discharging of the battery system during charging and / or driving.

[0005] The battery cell includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separator. The cathode electrode includes a cathode active material layer disposed on a cathode current collector. The anode electrode includes an anode active material layer disposed on an anode current collector. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A battery cell includes A anode electrodes, C cathode electrodes, wherein each of the C cathode electrodes includes a cathode active material layer disposed on a cathode current collector, and S separators, wherein A, C, and S are integers greater than 1. The cathode active material layer includes a cathode active material including an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material.

[0007] In other features, the cathode active material layer includes an LMR cathode active material, an NMX cathode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder. The cathode active material layer includes a first sublayer disposed on the cathode current collector, the first sublayer including the LMR cathode active material, a first conductive filler, and a first binder. A second sublayer is disposed on the first sublayer and includes the NMX cathode active material, a second conductive filler, and the first binder.

[0008] In other features, the cathode active material layer includes a plurality of first pillars comprising an LMR cathode active material disposed on a cathode current collector, and a plurality of second pillars comprising an NMX cathode active material disposed on the cathode current collector. The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars alternate in at least one of the plurality of rows and the plurality of columns.

[0009] In other features, the NMX cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2, and the LMR cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.0. The weight ratio of the LMR cathode active material to the NMX cathode active material in the cathode active material layer is 0.5 to 9.0.

[0010] In other features, the cathode active material layer comprises 90 wt% to 98 wt% of the LMR cathode active material and the NMX cathode active material, 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the binder, and 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the conductive filler.

[0011] In other features, the cathode active material layer has a porosity in the range of 10% to 40%. The cathode active material layer has an area capacity in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 A anode electrode includes an anode active material layer, wherein the anode active material layer includes a material selected from graphite, Si-C, Si, SiO x , lithium metal and their blends.

[0012] A method of manufacturing a battery cell includes forming a cathode electrode including a cathode active material layer on a cathode current collector. The cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials including LMR cathode active materials and NMX cathode active materials.

[0013] In other features, forming the cathode active material layer includes blending a mixture of the LMR cathode active material, the NMX cathode active material, the conductive additive, and the binder; and either casting or applying the mixture to a cathode current collector.

[0014] In other features, forming the cathode active material layer includes: providing a first mixture of one of the LMR cathode active material and the NMX cathode active material, a first conductive additive, and a first binder; either casting or applying the first mixture onto a cathode current collector to form a first sublayer; providing a second mixture of the other of the LMR cathode active material and the NMX cathode active material, a second conductive additive, and a second binder; and either casting or applying the second mixture onto the first sublayer to form a second sublayer.

[0015] In other features, forming the cathode active material layer includes depositing a plurality of first pillars including the LMR cathode active material on the cathode current collector and depositing a plurality of second pillars including the NMX cathode active material on the cathode current collector.

[0016] In other features, the plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars alternate in at least one of the plurality of rows and the plurality of columns.

[0017] In other features, the NMX cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2, and the LMR cathode active material comprises manganese and nickel in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.0. The weight ratio of the LMR cathode active material to the NMX cathode active material ranges from 0.5 to 9.0.

[0018] In other features, the cathode active material layer comprises 90 wt% to 98 wt% of the LMR cathode active material and the NMX cathode active material, 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the binder, and 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the conductive filler.

[0019] In other features, the cathode active material layer has a porosity in the range of 10% to 40%. The cathode active material layer has an area capacity in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 within the range.

[0020] In other features, the method includes arranging C cathode electrodes, A anode electrodes, and S separators in a battery cell stack, wherein A, C, and S are integers greater than one. The A anode electrodes include an anode active material layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of graphite, Si, Si-C, SiO x , lithium metal and their blends.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following solutions:

[0022] Solution 1. A battery cell comprising:

[0023] A anode electrode;

[0024] C cathode electrodes, wherein each of the C cathode electrodes comprises a cathode active material layer disposed on a cathode current collector; and

[0025] S spacers, where A, C and S are integers greater than 1,

[0026] The cathode active material layer includes a cathode active material comprising an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material.

[0027] Option 2. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises an LMR cathode active material, an NMX cathode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder.

[0028] Option 3. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0029] a first sublayer disposed on the cathode current collector and comprising an LMR cathode active material, a first conductive filler, and a first binder; and

[0030] A second sub-layer is disposed on the first sub-layer and includes an NMX cathode active material, a second conductive filler, and a first binder.

[0031] Option 4. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0032] a plurality of first pillars comprising LMR cathode active material disposed on the cathode current collector; and

[0033] A plurality of second pillars including NMX cathode active material are disposed on the cathode current collector.

[0034] Option 5. The battery cell of Option 4, wherein:

[0035] The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and

[0036] The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars alternate in at least one of a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns.

[0037] Option 6. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein:

[0038] The NMX cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2, and

[0039] The LMR cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.0.

[0040] Option 7. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein the weight ratio of the LMR cathode active material to the NMX cathode active material in the cathode active material layer is in the range of 0.5 to 9.0.

[0041] 8. The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0042] in the range of 90 wt % to 98 wt % of LMR cathode active material and NMX cathode active material,

[0043] 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of a binder, and

[0044] Conductive filler in the range of 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%.

[0045] Option 9. The battery cell of Option 1, wherein:

[0046] The porosity of the cathode active material layer is in the range of 10% to 40%; and

[0047] The area capacity of the cathode active material layer is 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 within the range.

[0048] Option 10. The battery cell according to Option 1, wherein the A anode electrode comprises an anode active material layer, the anode active material layer comprising a material selected from graphite, Si-C, Si, SiO x , lithium metal and their blends.

[0049] 11. A method of manufacturing a battery cell, comprising:

[0050] forming a cathode electrode including a cathode active material layer on a cathode current collector,

[0051] The cathode active material layer includes a cathode active material comprising an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material.

[0052] Option 12. The method according to Option 11, wherein forming the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0053] blending a mixture of an LMR cathode active material, an NMX cathode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder; and

[0054] The mixture is either cast or applied to the cathode current collector.

[0055] Option 13. The method according to Option 11, wherein forming the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0056] providing a first mixture of one of an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material, a first conductive additive, and a first binder;

[0057] either casting or applying the first mixture onto the cathode current collector to form a first sublayer;

[0058] providing a second mixture of the other of the LMR cathode active material and the NMX cathode active material, a second conductive additive, and a second binder; and

[0059] The second mixture is either cast or applied onto the first sub-layer to form a second sub-layer.

[0060] Option 14. The method according to Option 11, wherein forming the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0061] depositing a plurality of first pillars comprising LMR cathode active material on the cathode current collector; and

[0062] A plurality of second pillars comprising NMX cathode active material are deposited on the cathode current collector.

[0063] Item 15. The method according to item 14, wherein:

[0064] The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and

[0065] The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars alternate in at least one of a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns.

[0066] Item 16. The method according to item 11, wherein:

[0067] The NMX cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2, and

[0068] The LMR cathode active material comprises manganese and nickel in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.0.

[0069] Item 17. The method of item 11, wherein the weight ratio of the LMR cathode active material to the NMX cathode active material is in the range of 0.5 to 9.0.

[0070] Option 18. The method according to Option 11, wherein the cathode active material layer comprises:

[0071] 90 wt % to 98 wt % of LMR cathode active material and NMX cathode active material,

[0072] 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of a binder,

[0073] Conductive filler in the range of 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%.

[0074] Item 19. The method according to item 11, wherein:

[0075] The porosity of the cathode active material layer is in the range of 10% to 40%; and

[0076] The area capacity of the cathode active material layer is 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 within the range.

[0077] Item 20. The method according to item 11, further comprising:

[0078] Arranging C cathode electrodes, A anode electrodes, and S separators in a battery cell stack, where A, C, and S are integers greater than one,

[0079] The A anode electrode comprises an anode active material layer, wherein the anode active material layer comprises a material selected from graphite, Si, Si-C, SiO x , lithium metal and their blends.

[0080] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, claims, and drawings.The detailed description and specific examples are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] The present disclosure will be more fully understood through the detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which:

[0082] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of one example of a battery cell according to the present disclosure including a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separator disposed in a housing;

[0083] Figure 2A is a cross-sectional view of one example of a cathode electrode including both LMR and NMX cathode active materials according to the present disclosure;

[0084] Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of one example of a cathode electrode including an LMR cathode active material coated with an NMX cathode active material according to the present disclosure;

[0085] Figure 2C is a cross-sectional view of one example of an LMR particle coated with an NMX cathode active material according to the present disclosure; and

[0086] Figures 3 to 5C is a cross-sectional view of one example of a cathode electrode including both LMR and NMX cathode active materials according to the present disclosure.

[0087] Among the drawings, reference numerals may be repeated to identify similar and / or identical elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] Although battery cells according to the present disclosure are shown in the context of electric vehicles, battery cells may also be used in stationary applications and / or other applications.

[0089] Cobalt-free, lithium- and manganese-rich (LMR) cathode active materials offer high average operating voltages (greater than 3.5 V vs. Li / Li+) and high reversible specific capacities (greater than 200 mAh / g). However, the practical application of LMR cathodes in lithium-ion battery packs is challenging. High charge voltages lead to electrolyte decomposition and gas formation. Voltage decay occurs due to a structural transition from a layered phase to a spinel phase.

[0090] Cobalt-free nickel-manganese cathode active materials (NMX) (e.g., Mn>50 wt%) have higher cycling stability, lower thermal stability, and slightly lower specific capacity (160 to 180 mAh / g). The present disclosure relates to a cathode electrode that includes both NMX and LMR cathode active materials to utilize the unique properties of each material and optimize the performance of the battery cell according to the operating requirements.

[0091] In some examples, the NMX and LMR cathode active materials are mixed and then cast or applied to the cathode current collector using a wet or dry roll-to-roll process. In some examples, the NMX and LMR cathode active materials are applied as separate layers and stacked on the cathode current collector using a wet or dry roll-to-roll process. In some examples, the NMX cathode active material is coated onto particles of the LMR cathode active material. In some examples, the NMX and LMR cathode active materials are formed into an alternating column pattern (e.g., using 3D printing).

[0092] The blended cathode electrode minimizes degradation of the LMR cathode active material due to gas formation / electrolyte decomposition during cycling. In some instances, the blended cathode electrode is low-cost, cobalt-free, and has higher energy and power density than cathode electrodes using LMR and NMX cathode active materials alone.

[0093] Now refer to Figure 1 The battery cell 10 includes C cathode electrodes 20, A anode electrodes 40, and S separators 32 arranged in a predetermined order in the battery cell stack 12, where C, S, and A are integers greater than zero. The battery cell stack 12 is arranged in a housing 50. In some examples, a liquid electrolyte 52 is added to the housing 50.

[0094] The C cathode electrodes 20-1, 20-2, ..., and 20-C include a cathode active material layer 24 located on one or both sides of a cathode current collector 26. The A anode electrodes 40-1, 40-2, ..., and 40-A include an anode active material layer 42 disposed on one or both sides of an anode current collector 46. During the charge / discharge process, the A anode electrodes 40 and the C cathode electrodes 20 exchange lithium ions.

[0095] Methods for manufacturing the cathode electrode and / or the anode electrode include wet coating, dry coating, semi-dry coating, and / or 3D printing. In some examples, the cathode active material layer 24 and / or the anode active material layer 42 comprises a coating that is cast or applied to the current collector using a wet or dry roll-to-roll process, the coating comprising one or more active materials, one or more conductive additives, and / or one or more binder materials.

[0096] In some examples, the cathode current collector 26 and / or the anode current collector 46 include metal foil, metal mesh, perforated metal, three-dimensional (3D) metal foam and / or expanded metal. In some examples, the current collector is made of one or more materials selected from copper, stainless steel, brass, bronze, zinc, aluminum and / or their alloys. External tabs 28 and 48 are connected to the current collectors of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, respectively, and can be arranged on the same side or different sides of the battery cell stack 12. External tabs 28 and 48 are connected to the terminals of the battery cells.

[0097] Now refer to Figure 2A , showing in more detail one of the C cathode electrodes 20 comprising a blend of LMR and NMX cathode materials. The cathode active material layer 24 comprises the LMR and NMX cathode materials, which are physically mixed into a single layer before being coated or applied to the cathode current collector using a wet or dry process. The cathode active material layer 24 of one of the C cathode electrodes 20 comprises a first cathode active material 62, a second cathode active material 64, a conductive additive 66, and a binder 68. In some examples, the first cathode active material 62 comprises an LMR cathode active material, while the second cathode active material 64 comprises an NMX cathode active material.

[0098] Now refer to Figure 2B and Figure 2C , cathode active material layer 24 includes coated particles 70 mixed with conductive additive 66 and binder 68. Figure 2C , coated particles 70 include LMR particles 72 having an NMX coating 74. It will be appreciated that a mixture of NMX-coated LMR particles and uncoated LMR particles may be used. In some examples, the LMR particles are coated using one or more methods, such as co-precipitation and calcination, mechanofusion, spray-dry coating, and the like.

[0099] Now refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , one of the C cathode electrodes 20 is shown to include two or more sub-layers (eg, one sub-layer includes LMR and one sub-layer includes NMX). Figure 3, cathode active material layer 24 includes a first sublayer 80 and a second sublayer 82. First sublayer 80 includes an LMR cathode active material and is disposed proximate to (e.g., in direct contact with) cathode current collector 26. Second sublayer 82 includes an NMX cathode active material and is disposed proximate to (e.g., in direct contact with) first sublayer 80. Although two sublayers are shown, additional alternating sublayers may be used.

[0100] exist Figure 4 , cathode active material layer 24 includes a first sublayer 90 and a second sublayer 92. The first sublayer 90 includes an NMX cathode active material and is arranged adjacent to (e.g., in direct contact with) the cathode current collector 26. The second sublayer 92 includes an LMR cathode active material and is arranged adjacent to (e.g., in direct contact with) the first sublayer 90. Although two sublayers are shown, additional alternating sublayers may be used. In some instances, the sublayers use the same conductive filler and / or different conductive fillers, the same adhesive and / or different adhesives. In some instances, the adhesive includes a fiberized adhesive, such as PTFE or PVDF.

[0101] Now refer to Figure 5A and Figure 5C , one of the C cathode electrodes 20 is shown to include a pillar pattern. Figure 5A In the embodiment, cathode active material layer 24 includes a plurality of first pillars 110 and a plurality of second pillars 112. The plurality of first pillars 110 include LMR cathode active material. The ends of the plurality of first pillars 110 are arranged on (e.g., in direct contact with) the cathode current collector 26. The plurality of second pillars 112 are arranged on (e.g., in direct contact with) the cathode current collector 26. In some examples, the plurality of first pillars 110 and the plurality of second pillars 112 alternate in rows and / or columns.

[0102] exist Figure 5B and Figure 5C In the embodiment, a plurality of first pillars 110 and a plurality of second pillars 112 are arranged in rows and columns. Figure 5B In the embodiment, the plurality of first pillars 110 or the plurality of second pillars 112 are identical in each column (or row) and alternate in each row (or column). Figure 5C In the embodiment, the plurality of first pillars 110 or the plurality of second pillars 112 are alternated in each column and each row.

[0103] In some examples, the LMR cathode active material includes Li 1+a Ni b Mn c M dO2, wherein a+b+c+d=1.0; a is in the range of 0.05 to 0.3; b is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5; c is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8, and d is in the range of 0.01 to 0.2. In some examples, M is a metal selected from cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), cerium (Ce), iron (Fe), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), and magnesium (Mg).

[0104] In some examples, the NMX cathode active material includes LiNi x Mn y M z O2, wherein x+y+z=1.0, x is in the range of 0.4 to 0.8; y is in the range of 0.2 to 0.6, and z is in the range of 0.01 to 0.2. M is a metal selected from Fe, W, Mo, V, Zr, Nb, Al, Mg, Ta.

[0105] In some examples, the NMX cathode active material includes both nickel and manganese (Ni / Mn) in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2. In some examples, the NMX cathode active material includes both nickel and manganese (Ni / Mn) in a molar ratio ranging from 4 / 6 to 8 / 2. In some examples, the LMR cathode active material includes a Mn / Ni molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.0. In some examples, the molar ratio of lithium to transition metal (Li / TM) ranges from 1.05 to 1.60. In some examples, the LMR / NMX weight ratio ranges from 0.5 to 9.0.

[0106] In some examples, the cathode electrode includes 90 wt% to 98 wt% of the blended cathode active material, 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the binder, and 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the conductive filler. In some examples, the cathode electrode porosity is in the range of 10% to 40%. In some examples, the cathode electrode has an area capacity of 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 within the range.

[0107] In some examples, the anode active material includes graphite, Si, silicon carbide (Si-C) composites, SiO x , lithium metal, or a blend thereof. In some examples, the battery cell has an N / P ratio in the range of 1 to 3. The N / P ratio is the ratio of the negative electrode capacity to the positive electrode capacity. In some examples, the battery cell uses a liquid electrolyte. In other examples, the battery cell uses a solid electrolyte.

[0108] In some examples, unimodal or bimodal particle sizes are used. For example, single crystal NMX and single crystal LMR, single crystal NMX and multicrystalline LMR, multicrystalline NMX and single crystal LMR, and / or multicrystalline NMX and multicrystalline LMR may be used. In other examples, large particles of LMR and / or NMX are blended with small particles.

[0109] In some examples, the battery cells operate within a voltage window ranging from 2.0 V to 5.0 V. In some examples, the charge and discharge rates (C-rates) of the battery cells range from C / 100 to 6 C. In some examples, the formation window ranges from 2.0 V to 5.0 V.

[0110] The foregoing description is merely exemplary in nature and is absolutely not intended to limit the present disclosure, its application or use. The broad teachings of the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms. Therefore, although the present disclosure includes specific examples, the true scope of the present disclosure should not be limited thereto, because after studying the drawings, the description and the following claims, other modifications will become apparent. It should be understood that one or more steps within the method may be implemented in a different order (or simultaneously) without changing the principles of the present disclosure. In addition, although each embodiment is described above as having certain features, any one or more features described with respect to any embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented in any other embodiment and / or combined with the features of any other embodiment, even if the combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and the mutual replacement of one or more embodiments is still within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0111] Various terms are used to describe spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.), including "connected," "engaged," "coupled," "adjacent," "next to," "on top of," "over," "under," and "disposed." Unless explicitly described as "directly," when describing a relationship between a first element and a second element in the above disclosure, that relationship can be a direct relationship with no other intervening elements between the first element and the second element, or an indirect relationship with one or more intervening elements between the first element and the second element (spatially or functionally). As used herein, the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" should be construed to mean a logical (A OR B OR C), using a non-exclusive logical OR, and should not be construed to mean "at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C."

Claims

1. A battery cell comprising: A anode electrode; C cathode electrodes, wherein each of the C cathode electrodes comprises a cathode active material layer disposed on a cathode current collector; as well as S spacers, where A, C and S are integers greater than 1, The cathode active material layer includes a cathode active material comprising an LMR cathode active material and an NMX cathode active material. 2 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material layer comprises an LMR cathode active material, an NMX cathode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder.

3. The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material layer comprises: a first sublayer disposed on the cathode current collector and comprising an LMR cathode active material, a first conductive filler, and a first binder; as well as A second sub-layer is disposed on the first sub-layer and includes an NMX cathode active material, a second conductive filler, and a first binder.

4. The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material layer comprises: a plurality of first pillars comprising LMR cathode active material disposed on the cathode current collector; as well as A plurality of second pillars including NMX cathode active material are disposed on the cathode current collector.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, wherein: The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and The plurality of first pillars and the plurality of second pillars alternate in at least one of a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The NMX cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 3 / 7 to 8 / 2, and The LMR cathode active material comprises nickel and manganese in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2 to 1.

0.

7. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of LMR cathode active material to NMX cathode active material in the cathode active material layer is in a range of 0.5 to 9.

0.

8. The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material layer comprises: in the range of 90 wt % to 98 wt % of LMR cathode active material and NMX cathode active material, 0.5 wt% to 10 wt% of a binder, and Conductive filler in the range of 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%.

9. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein: The porosity of the cathode active material layer is in the range of 10% to 40%; and The area capacity of the cathode active material layer is 1.0 to 10.0 mAh / cm 2 within the range.

10. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the A anode electrodes include an anode active material layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of graphite, Si-C, Si, SiO x , lithium metal and their blends.

Images