Method and system for inhibiting tomato gray mold by regulating and controlling greenhouse light environment

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for inhibiting botrytis cinerea through greenhouse light environment regulation, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining light environment parameters in a greenhouse in real time, including PPFD, relative spectral value of each wave band and light duration; 2) according to the obtained light environment parameters, comparing set parameter thresholds, and implementing different regulation and control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and regulation and control time periods; and (3) according to different light environment conditions, through instruction control, ascending and descending regulation and control of light intensity of different wave bands are carried out. By regulating and controlling the light environment change of the greenhouse, the purpose of controlling the botrytis cinerea is achieved, the use of pesticides is reduced, the environment is protected, the tomato yield is increased, and economic benefits are maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tomato disease prevention and control, and in particular to a method and system for controlling the light environment in a greenhouse to inhibit tomato gray mold. Background Art

[0002] Gray mold is a common, highly detrimental and costly disease in greenhouse cultivation. It strikes early, persists for a long time, and infects a wide range of crops. After onset, yield reductions of 20% to 30% are common, and in severely affected areas, yield reductions can exceed 50%, resulting in significant economic losses. Currently, chemical control is the primary method for controlling gray mold in production. However, the long-term and extensive use of fungicides can pollute the environment, harm human health, and promote the development of drug resistance in the pathogen, making control more difficult and costly, with limited effectiveness. Light, as one of the most important environmental factors, influences plant growth and defense. Furthermore, gray mold possesses 11 photoreceptors, and the light environment is a crucial factor influencing various vital activities, including growth and development, metabolism, reproduction and spread, and the regulation of circadian rhythms. Inhibiting the development of gray mold through environmental manipulation will promote sustainable agricultural development. Current approaches to controlling plant diseases primarily rely on temperature and humidity, without systematic measures specifically targeting the light environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse light radiation accumulation distribution and light band optimization combination control scheme, so as to overcome the existing problems of high cost and poor control effect of tomato gray mold prevention and control, and food health and environmental pollution caused by large-dose pesticide application, and realize the use of light regulation to inhibit the occurrence and spread of tomato gray mold, forming a greenhouse light environment regulation and inhibition of tomato gray mold method and system.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: the present invention is a method for controlling the greenhouse light environment to inhibit tomato gray mold, the special feature of which is that the method comprises the following steps:

[0005] 1) Real-time acquisition of greenhouse light environment parameters, including PPFD, relative spectral values of each band, and light duration;

[0006] 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare the set parameter thresholds and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods;

[0007] 3) According to different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different bands can be adjusted up and down through command control.

[0008] Furthermore, the control scheme of step 2) is based on a 24-hour cycle, during which:

[0009] 0-4h PPFD=0;

[0010] 4-8h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0011] 12-16h PPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0012] 16-20h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0013] 20-24h PPFD=0.

[0014] Furthermore, in the control scheme of step 2), the supplementary light spectrum is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific steps of the method are as follows:

[0016] S1) The timing starts from the moment of startup, with 24 hours as one cycle;

[0017] S2) During the period of 0-4 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment is monitored in real time. When PPFD≠0, light shielding is performed to reduce the PPFD value of the environment to 0;

[0018] S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value;

[0019] S4) During 4-8 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red”. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0020] S5) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 8 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value;

[0021] S6) During 8-16 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯500, the light is supplemented to 500μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red” -2 ·s -1 ;

[0022] S7) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 16 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value;

[0023] S8) During the 16-20h period, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red”. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0024] S9) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 20 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value;

[0025] S10) monitoring the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time during 20-24 hours, and shading when PPFD≠0 to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0;

[0026] S11) Repeat the cycle.

[0027] The present invention also provides a system for realizing the above-mentioned greenhouse light environment control method for inhibiting tomato gray mold, which is special in that: the system includes a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit and a supplementary light and shading control unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the PPFD, relative spectral values of each band and light duration in the greenhouse in real time; the comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with the set parameter thresholds, and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control time periods; the supplementary light and shading control unit implements the increase and decrease control of light intensity in different bands through instruction control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value and spectral composition, the data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the supplementary light and shading control unit.

[0028] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for controlling tomato gray mold by changing the light intensity and spectrum in multiple time periods in a greenhouse. Different light environment modes for disease control are set. The optimal light environment obtained through screening is a 24-h cycle with 0-4h PPFD = 0 and 4-8h PPFD = 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 12-16h PPFD = 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 16-20h PPFD = 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 20-24h PPFD = 0, the supplemental light spectrum is red + blue + green + far-red, and the removal spectrum is violet + yellow. This effectively controls the development of tomato gray mold while ensuring normal crop growth and saving energy. Subsequently, by comparing the acquired real-time greenhouse light environment parameters with the resulting optimized light environment pattern, the greenhouse light environment can be further regulated to achieve the goal of controlling tomato gray mold, reducing pesticide use, protecting the environment, increasing tomato yields, and maximizing economic benefits.

[0029] The present invention provides a method and system for controlling the greenhouse light environment to inhibit tomato gray mold. By screening light duration, PPFD, and spectral combinations, the method derives the most effective light environment pattern for controlling tomato gray mold. The method then compares the obtained real-time greenhouse light environment parameters with the optimal light environment pattern to regulate greenhouse light environment changes and achieve the purpose of controlling tomato gray mold.

[0030] The present invention inhibits the occurrence and development of tomato gray mold by changing the light environment in the greenhouse, effectively reduces the severity of tomato gray mold, and at the same time reduces the threat of fungicides to food safety and environmental protection, which is conducive to the development of sustainable agriculture.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1) The present invention obtains the most effective light environment mode for controlling the occurrence of tomato gray mold by screening light duration, PPFD, and spectral combination. This mode can effectively reduce the disease index of tomato gray mold and inhibit the occurrence and development of gray mold.

[0033] 2) The present invention controls the light duration, PPFD, and spectral combination in the greenhouse based on the optimal light environment model obtained above, compares the real-time light environment data in the greenhouse, and achieves the purpose of controlling tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment, reducing the use of fungicides, reducing pesticide residues and environmental pollution, and maximizing economic benefits.

[0034] 3) This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies: previous approaches to controlling plant diseases by modifying environmental conditions have mostly relied on increasing greenhouse temperature and reducing humidity, lacking systematic control measures. Therefore, this invention systematically studies the effects of light, another key environmental factor affecting plant growth, on disease. This improves the environmental disease control system and proposes comprehensive control measures, effectively reducing the development of tomato gray mold.

[0035] 4) The present invention develops a relatively complete gray mold prevention and control plan from three aspects: light duration, PPFD, and spectral composition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the optimal light environment mode screening process for the disease control scheme of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the regulation results of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a specific flow chart for implementing the intelligent control scheme in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , the gray mold disease index test for screening the optimal light environment mode of the disease control scheme of the present invention:

[0042] Light environment mode: (8h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , 8h 800μmol·m -2 ·s -1 、12h500μmol·m -2 ·s -1、16h 200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , 16h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 、16h800μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) red + blue + yellow + green + purple + far red, 16h 500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 (red + blue + yellow, red + blue + green, red + blue + purple, red + blue + far red, red + blue + green + purple + far red, red + blue + yellow + purple + far red, red + blue + yellow + green + far red, red + blue + yellow + green + purple, red + blue, red + blue + green + far red, red + blue + yellow + purple)

[0043] Test method:

[0044] 1) Tomato plants inoculated with Botrytis cinerea on their leaves were placed under different light regimes, with other environmental parameters remaining the same (25°C daytime / 16°C nighttime; 90% RH);

[0045] 2) Statistical analysis of the disease index of tomato plants under different light environment modes 60 hours after inoculation;

[0046] 3)

[0047] Level 0: no disease; Level 1: the area of lesions accounts for less than 5% of the total leaf area; Level 3: the area of lesions accounts for 6% to 10% of the total leaf area; Level 5: the area of lesions accounts for 11% to 25% of the total leaf area; Level 7: the area of lesions accounts for 26% to 50% of the total leaf area; Level 9: the area of lesions accounts for more than 50% of the total leaf area.

[0048] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1 Determination of gray mold disease index (60 hpi) for screening the optimal light environment mode for disease control schemes

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] As shown in Table 1, the disease index increased with the increase of light exposure time, and 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The disease severity was relatively mild; the disease index increased with the increase of PPFD, 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The disease is less severe; the spectrum combination of "red light + blue light + green light + far red light" has a less severe disease. In summary, the optimal light environment mode is 8h 500μmol·m-2 ·s -1 +8h200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , "red light + blue light + green light + far red light".

[0053] Based on the optimal light environment model obtained above, the present invention further implements a light environment control scheme, compares the ambient light parameters (including light duration, PPFD, and spectral composition) obtained in real time in the greenhouse with the light environment parameter thresholds of the disease control scheme, and regulates and manages the light environment in a targeted and real-time manner to achieve the purpose of controlling the occurrence and spread of tomato gray mold.

[0054] See also Figure 2 , the method steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0055] 1) Real-time acquisition of greenhouse light environment parameters, including PPFD, relative spectral values of each band, and light duration;

[0056] 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare the set parameter thresholds and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods;

[0057] 3) According to different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different bands can be adjusted up and down through command control.

[0058] See also Figure 3 The control scheme of the present invention is based on a 24-hour cycle, during which:

[0059] 0-4h PPFD=0;

[0060] 4-8h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0061] 12-16h PPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0062] 16-20h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ;

[0063] 20-24h PPFD=0.

[0064] In this control scheme, the supplementary light spectrum is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light.

[0065] See also Figure 4 , the steps of the specific embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

[0066] S1) The timing starts from the moment of startup, with 24 hours as one cycle;

[0067] S2) During the period of 0-4 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment is monitored in real time. When PPFD≠0, light shielding is performed to reduce the PPFD value of the environment to 0;

[0068] S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value;

[0069] S4) During 4-8 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red”. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0070] S5) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 8 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value;

[0071] S6) During 8-16 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯500, the light is supplemented to 500μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red” -2 ·s -1 ;

[0072] S7) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 16 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value;

[0073] S8) During the 16-20h period, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of “red+blue+green+far-red”. -2 ·s -1 ;

[0074] S9) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 20 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value;

[0075] S10) monitoring the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time during 20-24 hours, and shading when PPFD≠0 to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0;

[0076] S11) Repeat the cycle.

[0077] The present invention also provides a system for realizing greenhouse light environment control and inhibiting tomato gray mold, the system comprising a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit, and a light-filling and shading control unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the PPFD, relative spectral values of each band, and light duration in the greenhouse in real time; the comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with set parameter thresholds, and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control time periods; the light-filling and shading control unit implements raising and lowering control of light intensity in different bands through instruction control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value, and spectral composition, the data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the light-filling and shading control unit.

[0078] The above are only specific embodiments disclosed in the present invention, but the protection scope disclosed in the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope disclosed in the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0079] The content of the present invention and the technical content not specifically described in the above embodiments are the same as the prior art.

[0080] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all of the contents of the present invention can be implemented and have the above good effects.

Claims

1. A method for inhibiting tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Real-time acquisition of greenhouse light environment parameters, including PPFD, relative spectral values of each band, and light duration; 2) Based on the acquired light environment parameters, compare the set parameter thresholds and implement different control schemes according to different PPFD ranges and control periods; 3) According to different light environment conditions, the intensity of light in different bands can be adjusted up and down through command control.

2. The method for inhibiting tomato gray mold by regulating the greenhouse light environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control scheme in step 2) is based on a 24-hour cycle, during which: 0-4h PPFD=0; 4-8h PPFD=200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; 12-16h PPFD=500μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ; 16-20h PPFD(200µmol·m -2 ·s -1 100. 20-24h PPFD=0.

3. The method for controlling the greenhouse light environment to inhibit tomato gray mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the control scheme of step 2), the supplementary light spectrum is red light + blue light + green light + far-red light, and the removal spectrum is violet light + yellow light.

4. The method for controlling the greenhouse light environment to inhibit tomato gray mold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method are as follows: S1) The timing starts from the moment of startup, with 24 hours as one cycle; S2) During the period of 0-4 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment is monitored in real time. When PPFD≠0, light shielding is performed to reduce the PPFD value of the environment to 0; S3) Stop the shading operation after 4 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value; S4) During 4-8 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of "red + blue + green + far red". -2 ·s -1 ; S5) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 8 hours and re-test the ambient PPFD value; S6) During 8-16 hours, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯500, the light intensity is supplemented to 500μmol·m through the composite light of "red+blue+green+far-red". -2 ·s -1 ; S7) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 16 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value; S8) During the 16-20h period, the PPFD value in the growth environment was monitored in real time. When PPFD>200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When the violet and yellow light in the environment are removed, the PPFD value of the environment is re-tested. If the PPFD value is still greater than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , then shading is performed to reduce the ambient PPFD value to 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When PPFD≯200, the light intensity is supplemented to 200 μmol·m through the composite light of "red + blue + green + far red". -2 ·s -1 ; S9) Stop the light filling / shading operation at 20 hours and re-detect the ambient PPFD value; S10) monitoring the PPFD value in the growth environment in real time during 20-24 hours, and shading when PPFD≠0 to reduce the environmental PPFD value to 0; S11) Repeat the cycle.

5. A system for implementing the greenhouse light environment control method for inhibiting tomato gray mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a greenhouse ambient light data acquisition unit, a comparison and judgment unit, and a supplemental light and shading control unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the PPFD, relative spectral values of each band, and light duration in the greenhouse in real time; the comparison and judgment unit compares the acquired ambient light parameters with set parameter thresholds and implements different control measures according to different PPFD ranges and control time periods; the supplemental light and shading control unit implements raising and lowering control of light intensity in different bands through command control to achieve the purpose of controlling light duration, PPFD value, and spectral composition. The data acquisition unit is connected to the comparison and judgment unit, and the comparison and judgment unit is connected to the supplemental light and shading control unit.

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