Crop breeding generation-adding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a crop breeding generation-adding method which comprises the following steps: after wheat seeds are pretreated, cultivating the wheat seeds in soil in a greenhouse; in the whole growth cycle of wheat, growth is promoted through multi-physical field cooperative treatment, including magnetic field treatment, space electric field treatment and quantum resonance irrigation; simulating and predicting a wheat growth state in real time based on a digital twinborn model, and dynamically regulating and controlling greenhouse environment parameters and physical field parameters; after harvesting, performing artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment according to the characteristics of wheat varieties. The crop growth state is simulated and predicted in real time through environment precise control and physical field cooperation and based on deep learning crop growth digital twins, and light, temperature, water, fertilizer and gas parameters and physical field intensity are dynamically optimized in combination with environment data and crop phenotype information, so that the crop growth state is predicted. The double purposes of shortening the growth cycle and improving the stress resistance and quality indexes (protein, sugar and the like) of crops are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, in particular to a crop breeding and generation method. Background Art

[0002] Wheat has a relatively long growth cycle, with winter wheat growing for approximately 240 days and spring wheat in the south for about 200 days. Traditional crop breeding methods, such as hybridization and mutation breeding, rely primarily on natural growth cycles. Generally, only one to two generations can be bred annually. Especially for crops with long growth periods like wheat, a single breeding cycle often takes five to eight years. This long conventional breeding cycle and low breeding efficiency have severely impacted the wheat breeding process. Furthermore, traditional breeding is significantly affected by natural climatic conditions. Fluctuations in factors such as light, temperature, and moisture can easily lead to deviations in experimental data.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a crop breeding and generation method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a crop breeding and generation method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a crop breeding and generation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. After pretreatment, wheat seeds were planted in soil in a greenhouse;

[0007] S2. Promote growth throughout the wheat growth cycle through multi-physics field synergistic processing, including magnetic field processing, spatial electric field processing, and quantum resonance irrigation;

[0008] S3. Real-time collection of environmental data and wheat phenotypic information during wheat growth, real-time simulation and prediction of wheat growth status based on the digital twin model, and dynamic regulation of greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters;

[0009] S4. After harvest, artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment is carried out according to the characteristics of the wheat variety.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field treatment includes:

[0011] During the germination period, an electrostatic field is applied with an axial field strength of 200-250 V / cm and a radial field strength of 100-150 V / cm for the embryo.

[0012] Magnetic field treatment was performed from 9:00 to 14:00 every day during the growth period, with a magnetic field intensity of 0-60 mT.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field treatment uses an underground coil array, including:

[0014] Horizontal layer: bury three layers of orthogonal coils at 5cm, 15cm, and 25cm below the soil surface;

[0015] Vertical layer: lay out circular coils every 10 cm along the extension direction of the main root;

[0016] Magnetic field strength distribution of each local coil: Where R is the radial effective radius of 30 cm, B0 is the reference value of the magnetic field intensity of 60 mT, r is the radial distance from the magnetic field source, z is the vertical height in cm, and the soil surface is z = 0.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spatial electric field adopts vertical layered electrodes, including 5 layers of annular electrodes starting from the soil surface, with a layer spacing of 10 cm; the field strength increases with the height gradient of the electrode layer, and the voltage of each layer is dynamically controlled by a PID control algorithm.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific arrangement of the vertical layered electrodes includes:

[0019] 0-15cm, voltage 0-3kV, field strength 50-200V / m;

[0020] 15-50cm, voltage 3-8kV, field strength 300-600V / m;

[0021] 50-80cm, voltage 8-12kV, field strength 600-800V / m;

[0022] 80-150cm, voltage 12-15kV, field strength 800-1200V / m;

[0023] The space electric field is started from 8:00 to 12:00 and 14:00 to 18:00 every day from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, and is shut down at other times; and is treated in sections from 5:00 to 9:00 and 16:00 to 20:00 every day during the heading stage.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quantum resonance irrigation uses a quantum resonance instrument to process irrigation water, comprising:

[0025] During the germination period, 28.5kHz continuous wave + 0.1Hz square wave modulation was used;

[0026] The tillering period was adjusted to 28.5kHz+5Hz pulse;

[0027] During the jointing period, the wave was adjusted to 28.5kHz+12Hz sine wave;

[0028] During the flowering period, 28.5kHz+0.5Hz ultra-low frequency modulation is used;

[0029] During the grouting period, it switches to 28.5kHz+50kHz dual-frequency resonance.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, temperature and humidity sensors, gas sensors, high-definition cameras, and time domain reflectometers are installed in the greenhouse;

[0031] Among them, the gas sensor is used to monitor the carbon dioxide gas concentration, the high-definition camera is used to obtain wheat appearance images and analyze the corresponding phenotypic information, and the time domain reflectometer monitors moisture / conductivity.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for dynamically controlling greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters based on a digital twin model includes:

[0033] S321. Acquire real-time environmental data, wheat phenotypic information, and physical field parameters, use a temporal convolutional network to model past environmental data, phenotypic information, and physical field parameters, extract time series features, and output future predicted values of plant height, leaf area, tiller number, and heading rate;

[0034] S322: The preset expert program calls the preset parameter combination in the expert program based on the current wheat growth stage, and analyzes the current wheat growth requirements in combination with the predicted value and phenotypic information outputted in S321;

[0035] S323. Based on the data required for wheat growth analyzed in S322, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to dynamically optimize light, temperature, water, fertilizer, air parameters and physical field parameters so that the configuration of environmental factors is always optimized.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the digital twin model identifies whether the crop has nutrient deficiency yellowing or disease spots based on wheat phenotypic information, and quickly locates physiological abnormalities;

[0037] When the following anomalies are detected, the system automatically triggers the physical field adjustment strategy:

[0038] If the leaf color G / R ratio drops by more than 15%, it is determined that iron ion fixation has caused chlorophyll synthesis disorder, and the spatial electric field intensity is reduced by 20%;

[0039] If the tillering number does not increase for three consecutive days, it is determined that the root calcium metabolism is unbalanced, and the magnetic field frequency is adjusted from 10 Hz to 8 Hz;

[0040] If the daily growth rate of the ear pixel ratio is less than 1%, it is determined that the photoperiod signal perception is abnormal, and the red light supplement time is extended by 2 hours / day.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the low-temperature vernalization treatment method includes the following steps:

[0042] S41. Move the offspring wheat seedlings into a low-temperature environment for 7-15 days. Keep the seedlings moist during the treatment and provide regular light supplementation.

[0043] S42. After vernalization is completed, the seedlings are gradually moved to a greenhouse for cultivation, and steps S2 and S3 are repeated to achieve five planting seasons a year.

[0044] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) The present invention provides a crop breeding and generation method that, through precise environmental control and physical field coordination, aims to break through the limitations of traditional breeding cycles, achieve continuous crop breeding throughout the year, and shorten the breeding period by more than 50%. Based on deep learning, the crop growth digital twin simulates and predicts the crop growth status in real time, and combines environmental data with crop phenotypic information to dynamically optimize light, temperature, water, fertilizer, and gas parameters and physical field intensity, achieving the dual goals of shortening the growth cycle and improving crop stress resistance and quality indicators (protein, sugar, etc.).

[0046] (2) The present invention uses a low-frequency magnetic field to act on the wheat root system, which can enhance cell membrane fluidity, improve nutrient absorption efficiency, promote the activity of intracellular metabolic enzymes, accelerate the material metabolism process, and further enhance the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes, improve light energy conversion efficiency, increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products, promote wheat growth and development, and improve yield and quality. After electrostatic field treatment, seed germination is more uniform, seedling growth is stronger, and root system development is better. This enables wheat to better respond to magnetic field stimulation when subjected to magnetic field treatment during the growth period and more effectively absorb nutrients and utilize light energy.

[0047] (3) The present invention adopts a gradient layout of vertical layered electrodes, and the spatial electric field intensity gradually increases as the field intensity increases upwards, which mainly acts on wheat leaves and plants, promotes photosynthesis and inhibits the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby improving the disease resistance of crops.

[0048] (4) The present invention matches the vibration of water molecules based on a 28.5kHz fundamental frequency, superimposes low-frequency modulation waves to synchronize plant physiological rhythms, and reconstructs the structure of water molecule clusters through quantum resonance, significantly improving the bioavailability of water. Together with physical field treatment, it forms a synergistic and synergistic system of "water-field-plant." Furthermore, quantum water irrigation is completed within one hour before the start of the space electric field, causing charged water molecules to migrate along the direction of the electric field. Quantum resonance treatment is suspended during magnetic field treatment to avoid frequency interference.

[0049] (5) The present invention is based on a digital twin model, which simulates and predicts the growth status of wheat in real time. Based on environmental data and wheat phenotypic information, it dynamically regulates light, temperature, water, fertilizer, air parameters and physical field parameters to achieve the coordination of multiple physical fields, avoiding the problem of field intensity overload effect and bioelectrophysiological disorder in crops caused by the lack of coordination between different physical fields.

[0050] (6) The magnetic field treatment of the present invention and the space electric field treatment partially overlap from the seedling stage to the tillering stage. Taking the soil surface as the reference, the space electric field mainly acts on the upper part of the soil, and the electric field strength is weak → strong with increasing height, while the magnetic field treatment mainly acts on the lower part of the soil, and the magnetic field strength is weak → strong → weak with increasing depth, especially at a depth of 25 cm, the magnetic field strength is the highest. The two form a three-dimensional distribution in space with "the electric field mainly controlling the ground and the magnetic field mainly controlling the underground", reducing the probability of field intersection and avoiding bioelectrical disorder caused by cross-field interference.

[0051] (7) By controlling the temperature and time of vernalization and the temperature and light duration during the later growth period, the winter-spring type of wheat can be divided according to the heading rate index. This can effectively classify the low-temperature time required for vernalization of different wheat varieties, eliminating the influence of temperature changes during natural vernalization and the influence of low-temperature revernalization and special weather during the later growth period on the identification results. It has the characteristics of high accuracy and strong pertinence. Since all identification processes are completed indoors, the identification method using artificial vernalization can achieve multiple identifications per year and the identification speed is relatively fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive efforts.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the crop breeding and generation technology according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting wheat phenotypic characteristics according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a method for dynamically controlling greenhouse environmental parameters based on a digital twin model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a crop breeding and generation method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. After pretreatment, wheat seeds were planted in soil in a greenhouse;

[0062] S2. Promote growth throughout the wheat growth cycle through multi-physics field synergistic processing, including magnetic field processing, spatial electric field processing, and quantum resonance irrigation;

[0063] S3. Real-time collection of environmental data and wheat phenotypic information during wheat growth, real-time simulation and prediction of wheat growth status based on the digital twin model, and dynamic regulation of greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters;

[0064] S4. After harvest, artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment is carried out according to the characteristics of the wheat variety.

[0065] This invention provides a crop breeding and multigeneration method that, through precise environmental control and coordinated physical field analysis, aims to overcome the limitations of traditional breeding cycles, enabling continuous crop breeding year-round and shortening the breeding cycle by more than 50%. A deep learning-based crop growth digital twin simulates and predicts crop growth in real time. Combining environmental data with crop phenotypic information, it dynamically optimizes light, temperature, water, fertilizer, and gas parameters, as well as physical field intensity, achieving the dual goals of shortening the growth cycle and improving crop stress resistance and quality indicators (protein, sugar, etc.).

[0066] Each step of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0067] Step S1: After wheat seeds are pretreated, their soil is cultivated in a greenhouse.

[0068] That is to say, plump and uniform-sized wheat seeds are selected, pre-treated, and then soil-cultivated in a greenhouse. It should be noted that the present invention is directed to the wheat breeding process using soil cultivation.

[0069] The pretreatment of wheat seeds includes: cleaning, disinfection and soaking. Among them, the disinfection adopts 1%-2% (v / v) hydrogen peroxide solution to soak the wheat seeds for 20-40 minutes, shakes once every 5-10 minutes, then pours out the solution and rinses with clean water 3-5 times. Soaking the seeds in clean water is to remove impurities and pathogens on the seed surface and improve the germination rate and vitality of the seeds.

[0070] Choose loam or sandy loam that is fertile, loose, well-ventilated, and rich in organic matter. This type of soil can provide a good physical environment for wheat seed germination and root growth, and is conducive to root expansion and the absorption of nutrients and water.

[0071] Step S2: During the entire growth cycle of wheat, growth is promoted through multi-physical field collaborative processing, including: magnetic field processing, spatial electric field processing and quantum resonance irrigation.

[0072] Specifically:

[0073] A) Magnetic field treatment involves applying an electrostatic field and a low-frequency magnetic field to seeds or wheat roots during the germination and growth stages after sowing, respectively, to enhance cell membrane permeability and promote nutrient absorption and metabolic efficiency.

[0074] The magnetic field processing method specifically includes:

[0075] A1. Apply electrostatic field treatment for 3-5 hours during the germination period. Within 12-24 hours after sowing, use a parallel plate electrode device with a distance of 20 cm between the two plates, and the plate area covering the sowing area; the axial field strength of the embryo is 200-250 V / cm, and the radial field strength is 100-150 V / cm. Use 0.1 Hz square wave modulation (duty cycle 1:1) to avoid electrolytic damage caused by continuous direct current.

[0076] The electrostatic field can stabilize the bioelectric field of the embryo, optimize the cell membrane potential distribution, reduce the level of cell membrane peroxidation, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and thus enhance the vitality of seed germination, increase the force of the radicle and plumule to break through the seed coat, accelerate the seed germination speed, increase the germination rate, and lay a good foundation for subsequent growth.

[0077] A2. Magnetic field treatment is performed from 9:00 AM to 2:00 PM daily using an underground coil array, including:

[0078] Horizontal layer: bury three layers of orthogonal coils at 5cm, 15cm, and 25cm below the soil surface;

[0079] Vertical layer: lay out circular coils every 10 cm along the extension direction of the main root;

[0080] Magnetic field strength distribution of each local coil: Where R is the radial effective radius of 30 cm, B0 is the reference value of the magnetic field intensity of 60 mT, r is the radial distance from the magnetic field source, z is the vertical height in cm, and the soil surface is z = 0.

[0081] Magnetic field treatment primarily affects wheat roots, enhancing cell membrane fluidity, improving nutrient absorption efficiency, promoting the activity of intracellular metabolic enzymes, and accelerating the metabolic process. This in turn enhances the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes, improves light energy conversion efficiency, and increases the accumulation of photosynthetic products, promoting wheat growth and development, and improving yield and quality. After electrostatic field treatment, seed germination becomes more uniform, seedlings grow more vigorously, and root development improves. This allows wheat to better respond to magnetic field stimulation during the growing season and more effectively absorb nutrients and utilize light energy.

[0082] B) The spatial electric field uses vertical layered electrodes, consisting of five layers of annular electrodes starting from the soil surface, with a layer spacing of 10 cm. The field strength increases with the height gradient of the electrode layer, and the voltage of each layer is dynamically controlled by a PID control algorithm, specifically:

[0083] 0-15cm, voltage 0-3kV, field strength 50-200V / m, the target is the root-stem transition zone and the stem base;

[0084] 15-50cm, voltage 3-8kV, field strength 300-600V / m, target is blade;

[0085] 50-80cm, voltage 8-12kV, field strength 600-800V / m, target is the ear;

[0086] 80-150cm, voltage 12-15kV, field strength 800-1200V / m, the target is the top of the canopy.

[0087] The space electric field is activated from 8:00-12:00 and 14:00-18:00 every day from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, and is turned off at the rest of the time; during the heading stage (from ear formation to flowering), it is treated in sections from 5:00-9:00 and 16:00-20:00 every day to avoid the peak of pollen activity.

[0088] Through the gradient layout of vertically layered electrodes, the spatial electric field intensity gradually increases upwards, mainly acting on wheat leaves and plants, promoting photosynthesis and inhibiting the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby enhancing the disease resistance of crops.

[0089] It should be noted that there is some overlap between the magnetic field treatment and the space electric field treatment from the seedling to the tillering stage. Taking the soil surface as a reference, the space electric field primarily acts above the soil, with the field strength increasing from weak to strong with increasing altitude. The magnetic field treatment, on the other hand, primarily acts below the soil, with the field strength increasing from weak to strong to weak with increasing depth, reaching its maximum intensity at a depth of 25 cm. This creates a three-dimensional spatial distribution in which the electric field primarily controls the surface and the magnetic field primarily controls the subsurface, reducing the probability of field intersection and avoiding bioelectrical disturbances caused by cross-field interference.

[0090] It is worth noting that the spatial electric field and magnetic field treatments during the seedling-tillering period partially overlap, the weak field under the electric field enhances the permeability of the root cell membrane, and the magnetic field promotes Ca 2+ The combined effects of these two factors boost root vitality, while the weak magnetic field near the soil surface suppresses electric field-induced oxidative stress (reducing ROS levels), maintaining cellular homeostasis. During the heading period, a high-voltage alternating electric field at night promotes directional pollen tube growth. During the day, the electric field is turned off and the magnetic field is activated to avoid disrupting root metabolism and ensure more complete grain filling.

[0091] C) Quantum resonance irrigation uses a quantum resonance device to process irrigation water, optimizing the water molecular structure and improving water use efficiency and crop physiological activity. A copper Helmholtz coil (with an inductance of 50-100 μH) is wrapped around the outer wall of the water pipe to enhance the interaction between the magnetic field and water molecules. Specific quantum resonance irrigation methods include:

[0092] C1. Quantum resonance frequency 28.5kHz continuous wave + 0.1Hz square wave modulation during the germination period, and the whole process of seed soaking.

[0093] C2. Adjust the frequency according to the growth progress during the growth period: quantum resonance frequency 28.5kHz+5Hz pulse during the tillering period (to promote tillering), quantum resonance frequency 28.5kHz+12Hz sine wave during the jointing period (to enhance cell wall toughness). It should be noted that the conductivity of irrigation water is adjusted to 80-120μS / cm by adding 0.01% silicate.

[0094] C3: During the flowering period, 28.5kHz+0.5Hz ultra-low frequency modulation is used to synchronize the growth rhythm of pollen tubes. After entering the filling period, it switches to 28.5kHz+50kHz dual-frequency resonance to promote sugar transport.

[0095] It is worth noting that quantum water irrigation is completed within 1 hour before the start of the space electric field, so that the charged water molecules migrate along the direction of the electric field, and the quantum resonance processing is suspended during the magnetic field processing to avoid frequency interference.

[0096] The present invention matches the vibration of water molecules based on the 28.5kHz basic frequency, superimposes low-frequency modulation waves to synchronize plant physiological rhythms, and reconstructs the structure of water molecule clusters through quantum resonance, significantly improving the bioavailability of water, and forming a "water-field-plant" trinity synergistic efficiency system with physical field treatment.

[0097] Step S3: Real-time collection of environmental data and wheat phenotypic information during wheat growth, real-time simulation and prediction of wheat growth status based on the digital twin model, and dynamic regulation of greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters.

[0098] In other words, based on the digital twin model, the wheat growth status can be simulated and predicted in real time, and based on environmental data and wheat phenotypic information, the light, temperature, water, fertilizer, air parameters and physical field parameters can be dynamically adjusted to achieve coordination between the environment and multiple physical fields.

[0099] Temperature and humidity, gas sensors, high-definition cameras and time domain reflectometers are installed in the greenhouse. Among them, the gas sensor is used to monitor the carbon dioxide gas concentration, the high-definition camera is used to obtain images of the wheat appearance and then analyze the corresponding phenotypic information, and the time domain reflectometer (TDR) monitors moisture / conductivity.

[0100] It should be noted that the high-definition camera takes pictures once a day during the growth period, and three times a day during the critical period of tillering and heading. The shooting angles are set to a dual perspective of top view and 45° side view.

[0101] Image-based wheat phenotypic feature extraction, specifically:

[0102] Plant height: side view image ruler method + background grid correction;

[0103] Leaf area: pixel segmentation (HSV color space threshold method);

[0104] Tiller number: morphological operations, connected domain counting;

[0105] Heading progress: analysis of pixel ratio in the ear area;

[0106] Leaf color value: RGB channel ratio (G / R, G / B).

[0107] like Figure 2 As shown, the wheat phenotypic feature extraction method includes the following steps:

[0108] Step S311: input the original image captured by the high-definition camera and perform image preprocessing on it, including dedistortion / white balance.

[0109] Step S312: judging whether the wheat is currently in the vegetative growth stage (tillering stage, jointing stage) or the reproductive growth stage (flowering stage, grain filling stage) based on the preprocessed image.

[0110] Step S313: perform plant height / tiller number analysis during the vegetative growth period, and ear identification / heading counting during the reproductive growth period. The analyzed data are normalized and stored and input into the digital twin model.

[0111] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG, the method for dynamically controlling greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters based on the digital twin model includes:

[0112] Step S321: Acquire real-time environmental data, wheat phenotypic information, and physical field parameters, use a temporal convolutional network (TCN) to model the environmental data, phenotypic information, and physical field parameters of the past 7 days, extract time series features, and output predicted values of plant height, leaf area, tiller number, and heading rate for the next 3 days.

[0113] Among them, environmental data include: temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide; phenotypic information includes: plant height, leaf area, number of tillers, heading rate, and leaf color value; physical field parameters include: electric field intensity, magnetic field intensity, and irrigation water conductivity.

[0114] Step S322: The preset expert program calls the preset parameter combination in the expert program based on the current wheat growth stage, and analyzes the current wheat growth requirements in combination with the predicted value and phenotypic information output in step S321.

[0115] Expert programs are based on scientific parameters derived from extensive testing by experts in the field, which are then pre-programmed into a program module. This expert program module is executed by the greenhouse control system. Based on growth characteristics and analysis of growth requirements, the optimal growth and development parameters for different stages are programmed into a dedicated program module. This provides differentiated and targeted expert guidance, achieving the optimal combination of environmental parameters and fulfilling the function of expert-guided cultivation.

[0116] Step S323: Based on the data required for wheat growth analyzed in step S322, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to dynamically optimize light, temperature, water, fertilizer, air parameters and physical field parameters so that the configuration of environmental factors is always optimized.

[0117] Through the above steps, the efficiency and stability of wheat breeding and generation in the greenhouse can be improved, breaking the seasonal restrictions, realizing "fool-proof, automated" operation, and stable factory-based, year-round production.

[0118] Furthermore, a physical field adjustment strategy is preset in the digital twin model. Based on the wheat phenotypic information, feature vectors are extracted, and a support vector machine (SVM) is used to identify whether the wheat has chlorosis due to nutrient deficiency (such as iron or calcium deficiency) or disease spots, quickly locate physiological abnormalities, and trigger the physical field adjustment strategy.

[0119] Physics tuning strategies include:

[0120] If the G / R ratio of leaf color drops by more than 15%, it is determined that iron fixation has caused chlorophyll synthesis disorder, and the spatial electric field intensity is reduced by 20%, and 0.1% EDTA-Fe solution is sprayed to promote iron absorption;

[0121] If the tillering number does not increase for three consecutive days, it is determined that the root calcium ion metabolism is unbalanced. The magnetic field frequency is adjusted from 10Hz to 8Hz, and 0.05% CaCl2 solution is added to restore the root function.

[0122] If the daily growth rate of the pixel ratio of the ear is less than 1%, it is judged as abnormal photoperiod signal perception, and the red light supplement time is extended by 2 hours / day to simulate the appropriate photoperiod and activate the flowering signal pathway.

[0123] Step S4: After harvest, artificial low-temperature vernalization is performed according to the characteristics of the wheat variety.

[0124] The low-temperature vernalization treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0125] Step S41: Move the offspring wheat seedlings (3-5 leaf stage after emergence) into a low temperature environment and continue the treatment for 7-15 days. During the treatment period, keep the seedlings moist and provide regular light supplementation.

[0126] Step S42: After vernalization is completed, the seedlings are gradually moved to a greenhouse for cultivation to avoid physiological damage caused by sudden temperature changes, provide sufficient light, promote photosynthesis and nutritional growth, and repeat steps S2 and S3 to achieve five planting seasons a year.

[0127] It should be noted that different varieties have different vernalization treatment methods.

[0128] Winter varieties: Strictly control the low temperature time (10-25 days) and temperature (0-2°C) to avoid devernalization (high temperature interrupts vernalization), and combine long daylight (14-16 hours / day) to accelerate heading;

[0129] Semi-winter varieties: The low temperature treatment time is shortened to 7-15 days, and the temperature is raised to 2-5℃. Nitrogen fertilizer (urea 5-10 kg / mu) needs to be added after vernalization to promote tillering and ear formation.

[0130] Low temperature treatment is a key factor influencing wheat ear development. By controlling the vernalization temperature and duration, as well as the temperature and light duration during later growth, and by using the heading rate indicator to classify wheat winter-spring types, different wheat varieties can be effectively classified based on the low temperature duration required for vernalization. This eliminates the influence of temperature fluctuations during natural vernalization, as well as the effects of low temperature revernalization and weather conditions during later growth, resulting in high accuracy and targeted identification. Because all identification processes are completed indoors, identification using artificial vernalization can be performed multiple times a year with high speed.

[0131] The following is a performance test of physics field co-processing.

[0132] The test material was the Zhengmai 1860 wheat variety, with 300 plants in each group and 3 biological replicates (9 groups × 300 plants = 2700 plants in total).

[0133] Greenhouse basic conditions:

[0134] Temperature: 25±1℃ day / 18±1℃ night;

[0135] Humidity: 80±5%;

[0136] Light: LED white light, 200 μmol / (m 2 ·s), photoperiod 14h / 10h;

[0137] CO2 concentration: 800±50ppm (intelligent replenishment);

[0138] Soil: sandy loam (pH 6.5, organic matter ≥ 3%).

[0139] Experimental cycle: From sowing seeds to grain maturity, growth data are recorded throughout the entire process.

[0140] The specific test includes the following steps:

[0141] 1) Wheat seeds were soaked in 1.5% H2O2 for 30 minutes, rinsed with clean water and soaked for 12 hours. The sterilized seeds were sown at a sowing depth of 3 cm, with a row spacing of 20 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm.

[0142] 2) Physical field processing:

[0143] Group 1: Four hours of electrostatic field treatment at 200 V / cm and 0.1 Hz square wave during the germination stage; from the seedling stage to the tillering stage: magnetic field treatment was carried out from 9:00 to 14:00 every day, using an underground coil array; spatial electric field treatment was initiated from 8:00 to 12:00 and 14:00 to 18:00 every day, using vertical layered electrodes, and the voltage of each layer was regulated within the preset range through the PID control algorithm; heading stage: magnetic field treatment was carried out from 9:00 to 14:00 every day, using an underground coil array; segmented spatial electric field treatment was carried out from 5:00 to 9:00 and 16:00 to 20:00 every day, using vertical layered electrodes, and the voltage of each layer was regulated within the preset range through the PID control algorithm.

[0144] Group 2: Electrostatic field treatment for four hours at the germination stage, 200 V / cm, 0.1 Hz square wave; from the seedling stage to the heading stage: magnetic field treatment from 9:00 to 14:00 every day, with a uniform magnetic field strength of 50 mT.

[0145] Group 3: Electrostatic field treatment for four hours during the germination period, 200 V / cm, 0.1 Hz square wave; space electric field treatment was initiated from 8:00-12:00 and 14:00-18:00 every day from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, with a uniform electric field of 400 V / m; during the heading stage, segmented treatment was carried out from 5:00-9:00 and 16:00-20:00 every day, with a uniform electric field of 1200 V / m.

[0146] Group 4: Electrostatic field treatment for four hours during the germination period, 200 V / cm, 0.1 Hz square wave; space electric field treatment was initiated from 8:00-12:00 and 14:00-18:00 every day from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, with a uniform electric field of 400 V / m, and magnetic field treatment was carried out from 9:00-14:00 every day, with a uniform magnetic field strength of 50 mT; treatment was carried out in sections from 5:00-9:00 and 16:00-20:00 every day during the heading period, with a uniform electric field of 1200 V / m, and magnetic field treatment was carried out from 9:00-14:00 every day, with a uniform magnetic field strength of 50 mT.

[0147] Group 5: Four hours of electrostatic field treatment at 200 V / cm and 0.1 Hz square wave during the germination stage; from the seedling stage to the tillering stage: magnetic field treatment was carried out from 10:00 to 13:00 every day, using an underground coil array; spatial electric field treatment was started from 6:00 to 10:00 and 13:00 to 18:00 every day, using vertical layered electrodes, and the voltage of each layer was regulated within the preset range through the PID control algorithm; heading stage: magnetic field treatment was carried out from 9:00 to 14:00 every day, using an underground coil array; segmented spatial electric field treatment was carried out from 5:00 to 9:00 and 16:00 to 20:00 every day, using vertical layered electrodes, and the voltage of each layer was regulated within the preset range through the PID control algorithm.

[0148] 3) All other management measures during the wheat growth process, including but not limited to irrigation and pest control, are consistent among all groups.

[0149] 4) At each stage, plant height, heading rate, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain protein content, powdery mildew incidence, and generation cycle of each group were tested and recorded, as summarized in Table 1.

[0150] Table 1. Test results

[0151]

[0152] As can be seen from Table 1, the number of tillers in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in the other groups, and the number of grains per ear increased by 15% to 35%, indicating that the spatiotemporal synergy of the layered electric field and the gradient magnetic field effectively promoted the differentiation of tiller primordia and nutrient accumulation in the ear. In addition, the 1000-grain weight and protein were the highest, indicating that the electric field promoted the transport of photosynthetic products to the grains, and the magnetic field enhanced the root absorption efficiency of nitrogen and calcium. The lowest incidence of powdery mildew verified the synergistic effect of the magnetic field-induced antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD) in neutralizing the small amount of free radicals produced by the electric field treatment, reducing oxidative damage, and reducing the incidence of powdery mildew.

[0153] Groups 2 and 3, which used separate electric and magnetic field treatments, respectively, performed worse than Group 1 and even worse than Group 5. The superposition of a uniform electric and magnetic field in Group 4 resulted in field intensity overload in the wheat root zone, inhibiting calcium ion absorption. The number of tillers and grains per ear was significantly lower than in Group 1. Although Group 5 used separate time periods for electric and magnetic field treatment to avoid interference, it failed to fully utilize the synergistic effects of the physical fields. For example, the magnetic field treatment period (10:00-13:00) was misaligned with the peak photosynthetic period, resulting in lower light energy conversion efficiency than in Group 1.

[0154] It should be noted that 9:00-12:00 in the seedling stage is the peak period of root absorption, and the partial overlap of the electric field and the magnetic field can synergistically activate ion channels (such as H + -ATPase), improving nutrient absorption efficiency; and the electric field can enhance cell membrane permeability, and the magnetic field promotes ion migration. The two form a closed loop of "membrane potential optimization-ion flow enhancement" during the overlapping period, which improves the calcium absorption rate.

[0155] The above description is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Based on the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A crop breeding and generation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. After pretreatment, wheat seeds were planted in soil in a greenhouse; S2. Promote growth throughout the wheat growth cycle through multi-physics field synergistic processing, including magnetic field processing, spatial electric field processing, and quantum resonance irrigation; S3. Real-time collection of environmental data and wheat phenotypic information during wheat growth, real-time simulation and prediction of wheat growth status based on the digital twin model, and dynamic regulation of greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters; S4. After harvest, artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment is carried out according to the characteristics of the wheat variety.

2. A crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field processing includes: During the germination period, an electrostatic field is applied with an axial field strength of 200-250 V / cm and a radial field strength of 100-150 V / cm for the embryo. Magnetic field treatment was performed from 9:00 to 14:00 every day during the growth period, with a magnetic field intensity of 0-60 mT.

3. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetic field treatment uses an underground coil array, including: Horizontal layer: bury three layers of orthogonal coils at 5cm, 15cm, and 25cm below the soil surface; Vertical layer: lay out circular coils every 10 cm along the extension direction of the main root; Magnetic field strength distribution of each local coil: Where R is the radial effective radius of 30 cm, B0 is the reference value of the magnetic field intensity of 60 mT, r is the radial distance from the magnetic field source, z is the vertical height in cm, and the soil surface is z = 0.

4. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: The spatial electric field uses vertical layered electrodes, including five layers of ring electrodes starting from the soil surface, with a layer spacing of 10 cm; the field strength increases with the height gradient of the electrode layer, and the voltage of each layer is dynamically controlled by a PID control algorithm.

5. A crop breeding and generation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific arrangement of the vertical layered electrodes includes: 0-15cm, voltage 0-3kV, field strength 50-200V / m; 15-50cm, voltage 3-8kV, field strength 300-600V / m; 50-80cm, voltage 8-12kV, field strength 600-800V / m; 80-150cm, voltage 12-15kV, field strength 800-1200V / m; The space electric field is started from 8:00 to 12:00 and 14:00 to 18:00 every day from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, and is shut down at other times; and is treated in sections from 5:00 to 9:00 and 16:00 to 20:00 every day during the heading stage.

6. A crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum resonance irrigation method uses a quantum resonance instrument to process irrigation water, including: During the germination period, 28.5kHz continuous wave + 0.1Hz square wave modulation was used; The tillering period was adjusted to 28.5kHz+5Hz pulse; During the jointing period, the wave was adjusted to 28.5kHz+12Hz sine wave; During the flowering period, 28.5kHz+0.5Hz ultra-low frequency modulation is used; During the grouting period, it switches to 28.5kHz+50kHz dual-frequency resonance.

7. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: Temperature and humidity sensors, gas sensors, high-definition cameras, and time domain reflectometers are installed in the greenhouse; Among them, the gas sensor is used to monitor the carbon dioxide gas concentration, the high-definition camera is used to obtain wheat appearance images and analyze the corresponding phenotypic information, and the time domain reflectometer monitors moisture / conductivity.

8. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: The method of dynamically controlling greenhouse environmental parameters and physical field parameters based on the digital twin model includes: S321. Acquire real-time environmental data, wheat phenotypic information, and physical field parameters, use a temporal convolutional network to model past environmental data, phenotypic information, and physical field parameters, extract time series features, and output future predicted values of plant height, leaf area, tiller number, and heading rate; S322: The preset expert program calls the preset parameter combination in the expert program based on the current wheat growth stage, and analyzes the current wheat growth requirements in combination with the predicted value and phenotypic information outputted in S321; S323. Based on the data required for wheat growth analyzed in S322, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to dynamically optimize light, temperature, water, fertilizer, air parameters and physical field parameters so that the configuration of environmental factors is always optimized.

9. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: The digital twin model identifies whether the crop is experiencing nutrient deficiency yellowing or disease spots based on wheat phenotypic information, and quickly locates physiological abnormalities. When the following anomalies are detected, the system automatically triggers the physical field adjustment strategy: If the leaf color G / R ratio drops by more than 15%, it is determined that iron ion fixation has caused chlorophyll synthesis disorder, and the spatial electric field intensity is reduced by 20%; If the tillering number does not increase for three consecutive days, it is determined that the root calcium metabolism is unbalanced, and the magnetic field frequency is adjusted from 10 Hz to 8 Hz; If the daily growth rate of the ear pixel ratio is less than 1%, it is determined that the photoperiod signal perception is abnormal, and the red light supplement time is extended by 2 hours / day.

10. The crop breeding and generation method according to claim 1, wherein: In S4, the low-temperature vernalization treatment method comprises the following steps: S41. Move the offspring wheat seedlings into a low-temperature environment for 7-15 days. Keep the seedlings moist during the treatment and provide regular light supplementation. S42. After vernalization is completed, the seedlings are gradually moved to a greenhouse for cultivation, and steps S2 and S3 are repeated to achieve five planting seasons a year.

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