Water temperature real-time monitoring, regulating and controlling method and device for artificially breeding poecilobdella manillensis

Abstract

The invention provides a water temperature real-time monitoring, regulating and controlling method and device for artificially breeding poecilobdella manillensis, and relates to the technical field of poecilobdella manillensis breeding. The method comprises the following steps: randomly selecting sample poecilobdella manillensis, acquiring data such as weight, body length, body width and growth stage of the poecilobdella manillensis, and combining environment data in a culture pond, such as water temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration, so as to establish a growth rate prediction model. And comprehensively evaluating the health condition of the sample through an analytic hierarchy process, and judging whether the water temperature needs to be regulated or not. If the health index is lower than a preset threshold value, the water temperature is regulated and controlled to optimize the breeding environment. The method further comprises the steps of analyzing the environmental data after regulation and control and the health indexes of the poecilobdella manillensis to generate a comprehensive health index, and further evaluating the health condition of the sample poecilobdella manillensis after regulation and control so as to evaluate the regulation and control effect. Finally, the health condition of the culture pond is judged according to the comprehensive health index, if the number of unhealthy samples exceeds one fourth, the culture pond is marked to be in an abnormal state, and the water temperature is continuously monitored and regulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cultivating leeches, and in particular to a method and device for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature for artificially cultivating leeches. Background Art

[0002] The captive cultivation of the Philippine cattle leech (Philipino siliqua) has garnered increasing attention in recent years, primarily due to its widespread applications in medicine, ecological restoration, and water management. The leech possesses significant economic value and biological properties, effectively purifying water and reducing water pollution. It also shows promising prospects in drug development. However, the growth and reproduction of the leech are significantly affected by environmental factors such as water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Maintaining a suitable aquaculture environment is crucial for improving its growth efficiency. As a crucial factor affecting leech growth, water temperature requires real-time monitoring and regulation. Traditional aquaculture management methods often rely on experience, making precise environmental control difficult. With technological advances, the use of sensors and data analysis technologies for real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of the aquaculture environment has become a new trend in improving aquaculture efficiency and bio-health. Establishing a scientific water temperature monitoring system not only allows for timely detection of environmental changes but also allows for adjustments to aquaculture parameters based on growth conditions, thus ensuring the sustainable development of the leech.

[0003] The existing technology has the following deficiencies:

[0004] In modern aquaculture, effectively assessing and monitoring the health of aquacultured organisms is a pressing technical challenge. Traditional health assessment methods often rely on visual observation or single indicators, which are not only highly subjective but also fail to fully reflect the true health of organisms in complex environments. With the expansion of aquaculture scale and the diversification of environmental factors, a single indicator is no longer sufficient for comprehensive assessment of organism health. Therefore, a systematic health indicator system is urgently needed to promptly identify and address potential issues in the aquaculture process.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for real-time monitoring and control of water temperature in artificially cultivated leeches, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultivated leeches, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Randomly select multiple sample leeches from a leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, length, width, growth image, and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data within the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight;

[0010] Step 2: Construct a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous times, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current time is obtained based on the trained model.

[0011] Step 3: Analyze the growth rate, body length, and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment using the analytic hierarchy process to comprehensively assess the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status;

[0012] Step 4: Based on the regulated temperature, obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech, and generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to determine the regulation effect.

[0013] Furthermore, determining the growth rate of the sample leech specifically includes:

[0014] The growth stages of the leech are divided into the young leech stage, the adult leech stage, and the old stage. The body width data is the width of the leech's abdomen, and the body length data is the length of the leech from the head to the tail. Based on the weight data of the sample leeches in the leech breeding pond at the current and previous collection times, the growth rate of each sample leech is calculated, and the calculation formula is:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, G i (t) is the growth rate of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t+1) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t+1) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t+1, Δt is the time interval between time t+1 and time t, and t is the index of the time.

[0017] Furthermore, constructing the growth rate prediction model specifically includes:

[0018] The environmental data includes the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration of the water in the leech breeding pond, and temperature sensors, pH sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors are arranged around and in the center of the breeding pond to collect the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water around and in the center of the leech breeding pond, and the average is calculated, and the average is defined as the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water in the leech breeding pond;

[0019] After preprocessing the temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration of the aquaculture pond at multiple times, the Pearson correlation coefficient between each environmental variable and the growth rate was calculated. Environmental variables with an absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 were selected as strongly correlated environmental variables. Preprocessing included removing outliers, filling in missing values, and performing maximum-minimum normalization.

[0020] The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment are used as input, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label. The data at previous collection times are divided into a training set and a test set. The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment in the training set are input, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label to train the growth rate prediction model, and the data in the test set is input into the trained model for testing.

[0021] Furthermore, the comprehensive assessment of the health status of the sampled Philippine leech at the current moment specifically includes:

[0022] Collecting environmental data of the water body in the leech breeding pond at the current moment, inputting the environmental data into the trained growth rate prediction model to predict the growth rate of the sample leech at the current moment, and then measuring the body length and body width data of the sample leech at the current moment;

[0023] The growth rate, body length, and body width data of the sampled leech are set as evaluation indicators, and a scoring method is set. The relative importance of each evaluation indicator is determined by the expert scoring method. A judgment matrix is constructed based on the expert scores, and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the judgment matrix are calculated. A consistency test is performed by calculating the consistency index and consistency ratio. If the consistency ratio value is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is consistent. The health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is then calculated to evaluate the health status of the sampled leech. If the consistency ratio value is equal to or higher than 0.1, the judgment matrix is readjusted.

[0024] Calculate the health index of the Philippine leech at the current moment to evaluate its health status. The calculation formula is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, H i is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech at the current moment, Gi The growth rate prediction model outputs the growth rate of the i-th leech at the current moment, L i , K i are the length and width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, Gl i , Ll i 、Kl i are the benchmark growth rate, benchmark body length and benchmark body width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, respectively. ω1, ω2, ω3 and ω4 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, that is, the values of the first, second and third items in the eigenvector involved in the hierarchical analysis method.

[0027] Furthermore, determining whether to regulate the temperature specifically includes:

[0028] Calculate the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment, and compare the mean value with a preset health threshold value. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is higher than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has a promoting effect on the growth of the leech. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is lower than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the leech. Then, monitor the temperature data of the water body in the breeding pond and adjust it.

[0029] Compare the current temperature data in the Philippine leech breeding pond with the optimal temperature value to calculate the heat required for temperature change in the system. The calculation formula is:

[0030] △Q=mc(TT opt )

[0031] Among them, △Q is the heat required for temperature change in the system, m is the mass of the water in the breeding pond, c is the specific heat capacity of the water in the breeding pond, T is the current temperature of the water in the breeding pond, T opt is the optimal temperature of the water in the breeding pond;

[0032] The formula for calculating the power required to calculate the heat change is:

[0033]

[0034] Where P is the power required for heat change, and τ is the preset adjustment time;

[0035] If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is higher than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding cooling equipment. If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is lower than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding heating equipment.

[0036] Furthermore, the environmental data after analysis and regulation specifically include:

[0037] Obtain the environmental data of the leech breeding pond after regulation, analyze the environmental data after regulation to obtain the environmental impact index, and calculate it using the following formula:

[0038] Ej=a·σj(T)+b·σj(pH)+c·σj(DO)

[0039] Where Ej is the environmental impact index corresponding to the j-th growth stage, σj(x) is the comprehensive scoring function of the j-th growth stage, x is the environmental data index, and x = T, pH, DO, T is the current temperature of the culture pond water, pH is the acidity and alkalinity of the current culture pond water, DO is the dissolved oxygen concentration of the current culture pond water, a, b, c are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, and j is the growth stage index, j = 1, 2, 3, that is, E1, E2, E3 correspond to the juvenile leech stage, adult leech stage, and old age stage, respectively;

[0040]

[0041] Among them, xj opt is the optimal value of the environmental data corresponding to the jth growth stage, k x is the comprehensive scoring coefficient of the xth environmental data. Further, generating the comprehensive health index specifically includes:

[0042] Obtain weight data of the sample leech after regulation, input the weight data of the sample leech and the corresponding growth stage of the sample leech into the growth rate prediction model, obtain the growth rate of the sample leech after regulation output by the growth rate prediction model, combine the growth rate, body length and body width data of the sample leech after regulation, obtain the health index of the sample leech after regulation, and analyze the comprehensive health status of the sample leech at the current moment based on the health index of the sample leech after regulation and the environmental data. The calculation formula is:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, HI i is the comprehensive health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, E i is the environmental impact index of the i-th sample of leech after regulation, E i ∈(E1, E2, E3), λ1 and λ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items respectively;

[0045] The comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is compared with the preset health threshold. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is higher than the preset health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in a healthy state. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is lower than the health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in an unhealthy state. The number of sampled leeches in healthy and unhealthy states in each breeding pond is counted. If the number of sampled leeches in unhealthy states in a breeding pond exceeds one-quarter of the total number of sampled leeches in the breeding pond, the breeding pond is marked as being in an abnormal state, and the water temperature in the breeding pond in the abnormal state continues to be detected and regulated.

[0046] The present invention further provides a device for real-time monitoring and control of water temperature for artificially culturing Philippine leeches. The device is used to implement the above-mentioned method for real-time monitoring and control of water temperature for artificially culturing Philippine leeches, comprising:

[0047] A data acquisition module is used to randomly select multiple sample leeches in the leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, body length, body width, growth image and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data in the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight;

[0048] A model building module is used to build a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous moments, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current moment is obtained based on the trained model.

[0049] The temperature control module is used to analyze the growth rate, body length and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment based on the hierarchical analysis method, so as to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status;

[0050] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech based on the regulated temperature, and to generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to judge the regulation effect.

[0051] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are:

[0052] The present invention's real-time water temperature monitoring and control method, through the introduction of automated monitoring and intelligent analysis, can promptly capture environmental changes and dynamically adjust water temperature, effectively addressing issues such as slowed growth, increased disease incidence, and even economic losses caused by unsuitable environments. By comprehensively monitoring growth rate, body length, body width, and environmental data, a scientific and rational health assessment system has been established. This method provides real-time information on the health of Philippine cattle leeches, enabling farmers to quickly identify potential problems and take timely measures, effectively reducing growth retardation and mortality caused by environmental unsuitability.

[0053] Furthermore, this method incorporates advanced linear regression techniques to provide a data-driven approach for monitoring the growth rate and health of leeches within the culture ponds. By dynamically adjusting water temperature and other environmental factors, this approach not only improves leech growth efficiency but also enhances the sustainability of the culture. Overall, this method provides an efficient and intelligent management solution for artificial leech cultivation, with significant economic and ecological benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0057] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0058] Example:

[0059] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0060] A method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultivated leeches, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Randomly select multiple sample leeches from a leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, length, width, growth image, and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data within the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight;

[0062] In this embodiment, determining the growth rate of the sample leech specifically includes:

[0063] The growth stages of the leech are divided into the young leech stage, the adult leech stage, and the old stage. The body width data is the width of the leech's abdomen, and the body length data is the length of the leech from the head to the tail. Based on the weight data of the sample leeches in the leech breeding pond at the current and previous collection times, the growth rate of each sample leech is calculated, and the calculation formula is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, G i (t) is the growth rate of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t+1) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t+1, Δt is the time interval between time t+1 and time t, and t is the index of the time.

[0066] By randomly selecting and collecting data from multiple samples of leeches, more comprehensive and accurate growth data can be obtained. This multi-sample design can reduce the impact of individual differences on the results and improve the accuracy of growth rate calculations. By collecting weight data at continuous time points, the growth changes of leeches can be monitored in real time. This dynamic analysis can help breeders better understand the growth patterns of leeches and provide data support for subsequent breeding management. Dividing the growth stages of leeches into the young leech stage, the adult leech stage, and the elderly stage enables breeders to take corresponding management measures for different growth stages. The growth rates of leeches in different growth stages are definitely different, providing reliable data for the subsequent construction of growth rate prediction models. The growth rate calculation formula is based on the concept of growth rate in biology, and the growth rate is usually defined as the change in biological weight per unit time. The formula reflects the relationship between weight change and time interval, which conforms to the basic law of biological growth. In the formula, W i (t+1) and W i(t) represents the weight of the i-th leech sample at time t+1 and time t, respectively. By calculating the difference between the weights at these two times, we can directly quantify the growth changes of the sample over this period. By categorizing leeches into different growth stages (juvenile, adult, and elderly), we can more precisely monitor their growth rates. This segmented approach makes the formula more rational and allows for management tailored to the needs of different growth stages.

[0067] Step 2: Construct a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous times, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current time is obtained based on the trained model.

[0068] In this embodiment, constructing the growth rate prediction model specifically includes:

[0069] The environmental data includes the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration of the water in the leech breeding pond, and temperature sensors, pH sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors are arranged around and in the center of the breeding pond to collect the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water around and in the center of the leech breeding pond, and the average is calculated, and the average is defined as the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water in the leech breeding pond;

[0070] After preprocessing the temperature, pH value, and dissolved oxygen concentration of the aquaculture pond at multiple consecutive moments, the Pearson correlation coefficient between each environmental variable and the growth rate was calculated. The formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where r is the Pearson correlation coefficient, X is the environmental variable, and Y is the growth rate. are the means of environmental variables and growth rates during the period, respectively;

[0073] Environmental variables with an absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 were selected as strongly correlated environmental variables;

[0074] Preprocessing includes removing outliers, filling missing values, and maximum-minimum normalization. The Z-score of each data is calculated. When the absolute value of the Z-score of the data |Z| is greater than 3, the data is regarded as an outlier and removed, and the mean of the data at the previous moment and the next moment is used to supplement the value. The missing value is also filled by the mean of the data at the previous moment and the next moment.

[0075] The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment are used as input, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label. The data collected in the past are divided into a training set and a test set. The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment are input in the training set, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label. A growth rate prediction model is constructed based on a linear model and trained. The data in the test set is input into the trained model for testing.

[0076] The weight, growth stage, and strongly correlated environmental variables after pretreatment of the test set leech samples, as well as the corresponding growth rate of the leech samples, were used to estimate the parameters in the model. Minimizing the mean square error was selected as the objective function, which is expressed as:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, MSE is the mean square error, N is the total number of samples, G i (t) is the growth rate of the i-th sample of leech at the t-th moment, is the growth rate of the i-th sample of leech at the t-th moment predicted by the model;

[0079] Then use the test set to evaluate the performance of the trained linear model, and use the coefficient of determination as the evaluation index. The formula is:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, R 2 is the coefficient of determination, is the mean growth rate of the sampled leech.

[0082] By placing temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen sensors around the perimeter and center of the aquaculture pond, comprehensive and real-time monitoring of environmental changes in the water body is possible. This layout ensures data representativeness, eliminates potential bias from single-location data, and makes environmental data more accurate. Preprocessing steps (such as removing outliers, filling missing values, and maximum-minimum normalization) ensure data quality and consistency, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent analysis and avoiding analytical errors caused by data quality issues. Calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between environmental variables and growth rate can effectively identify environmental variables with a significant relationship with growth rate. Selecting correlated variables with an absolute value greater than 0.5 as strongly correlated variables helps focus on the factors that have the greatest impact on growth and improves the specificity of the analysis. In addition, a linear regression model was selected to describe the relationship between the body length, body width, and environmental data of the sampled leeches and their growth rate. This method is simple and easy to interpret, and the linear model can effectively capture the linear effect of the input data on the growth rate.

[0083] Linear models (such as linear regression) can provide clear explanations of causal relationships. For example, a model can directly explain the impact of a unit change in body weight or growth stage on growth rate. This transparency allows researchers and farmers to intuitively understand the relationships between variables. Linear models typically require only a small number of parameters to be estimated. When data volumes are small or features are limited, simple models can effectively avoid overfitting. Linear models are also relatively simple and fast to train, making them suitable for rapid construction and debugging. This efficiency is crucial for real-time systems or scenarios requiring rapid feedback. Input data includes the body weight and growth stage (e.g., juvenile, adult, and mature) of the sample leech. These variables are potential factors influencing growth rate. Body weight reflects growth rate, while growth stage is used to eliminate differences in growth rate between leeches at different growth stages. A larger body weight may indicate greater growth capacity and is a direct indicator of growth rate variation. Leeches at different growth stages also exhibit significant differences in growth rate. Different growth stages and environmental data also significantly alter physiological activity and metabolic efficiency.

[0084] Step 3: Analyze the growth rate, body length, and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment using the analytic hierarchy process to comprehensively assess the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status;

[0085] In this embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation of the health status of the sample leech at the current moment specifically includes:

[0086] Collecting environmental data of the water body in the leech breeding pond at the current moment, inputting the environmental data into the trained growth rate prediction model to predict the growth rate of the sample leech at the current moment, and then measuring the body length and body width data of the sample leech at the current moment;

[0087] The growth rate, body length, and body width data of the sampled Philippine leech were set as evaluation indicators, and a scoring method was set. Specifically, the scoring method used a scale of 1-5 to score relative importance, with 1 indicating that the two indicators were equally important, 3 indicating that the two indicators were important, 5 indicating that the two indicators were extremely important, and 2 and 4 indicating values between the two. An expert scoring method was used to determine the relative importance of each evaluation indicator, which could be scored through questionnaires or meetings.

[0088] Construct a judgment matrix based on expert ratings. For example, assume that the expert rating results are as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Where A is the judgment matrix, and the importance score of the xth row and yth column is represented as α xy , α xyIt represents the importance score of indicator x relative to indicator y. Each row of the matrix represents the growth rate, body length and body width of a certain Philippine leech, and each column represents the growth rate, body length and body width of a certain Philippine leech.

[0091] For example, if the expert thinks that indicator A1 is more important than indicator A2, give α 12 =3, then we can conclude For example, if the importance relationship between growth rate and body length is 3, that is, α 12 =3, then the importance of body length relative to growth rate is α xy A value greater than 1 indicates that indicator i is more important, α yx The reciprocal value of indicates that the indicator y is relatively unimportant. Calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the judgment matrix. The calculation formula is expressed as:

[0092] A·ω=λ·ω

[0093] Among them, λ is the eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, ω is the eigenvector of the judgment matrix, and each element corresponding to the eigenvector ω is the weight of each indicator;

[0094] The consistency test is performed by calculating the consistency index and consistency ratio. The formula for calculating the consistency index is:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, CI is the consistency index, λ max is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, and n is the dimension of the matrix;

[0097] The formula for calculating the consistency ratio is:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, CR is the consistency ratio and RI is the random consistency index, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the matrix dimension;

[0100] If the consistency ratio is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is consistent, and the comprehensive score of each evaluation index is calculated to evaluate the health status of the Philippine leech. If the consistency ratio is equal to or higher than 0.1, the judgment matrix is analyzed, and the eigenvector is normalized to obtain the normalized weight vector, expressed as W = [ω1, ω2, ω3]. Based on the weight vector and the judgment matrix, the consistency matrix is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, C is the consistency matrix, α xyis the element in the xth row and yth column of the judgment matrix, ω x and ω y is the corresponding element in the weight vector;

[0103] The consistency deviation matrix is calculated to represent the deviation of each score from the ideal consistency, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0104] D=[d xy ]=|c xy -1|

[0105] Among them, d xy Represents the score α xy The deviation from the ideal consistency, the greater the deviation, the more likely there is disagreement with the score;

[0106] Therefore, calculate the average deviation of each row or column in the consistency deviation matrix, find the row or column with the largest average deviation, and then find the largest element d in the row or column. xy , the corresponding score α xy The score with the largest difference is considered as the score with the largest difference. The score with the largest difference is adjusted. The expert can re-score the item, or the average score of the row or column can be replaced with the score with the largest difference. When calculating the average score, α must be excluded xx =1 or α yy =1 diagonal elements;

[0107] When choosing to replace the score with the largest difference with the row average score or the column average score, first determine the number of scores with the largest difference in the row and column where the score with the largest difference is located. If the number of scores with the largest difference in the row where the score with the largest difference is located is greater than the number of scores with the largest difference in the column where the score with the largest difference is located, use the column average score for replacement; otherwise, use the row average score for replacement. If the number of scores with the largest difference in the row and column where the score with the largest difference is located is the same, either the row average score or the column average score can be used for replacement.

[0108] The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) breaks down complex problems into multiple levels and indicators, enabling decision makers to clearly identify the relationships and relative importance of various evaluation indicators. This systematic approach effectively integrates multiple aspects, such as the growth rate, body length, and body width of the Philippine leech, into a comprehensive evaluation framework. The AHP combines quantitative scoring with qualitative expert judgment. Using a 1-5 rating scale, experts can rate the importance of each evaluation indicator based on their experience and expertise. This method quantifies subjective judgments, reduces the impact of uncertainty in the decision-making process, and makes the evaluation results more reliable and actionable.

[0109] Calculate the health index of the Philippine leech at the current moment to evaluate its health status. The calculation formula is:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, H i is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech at the current moment, G i The growth rate prediction model outputs the growth rate of the i-th leech at the current moment, L i , K i are the length and width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, Gl i , Ll i 、Kl i are the benchmark growth rate, benchmark body length and benchmark body width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, respectively. ω1, ω2, ω3 and ω4 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, that is, the values of the first, second and third items in the eigenvector involved in the hierarchical analysis method.

[0112] The health index is a comprehensive assessment that combines multiple factors, including growth rate, body length, and body width, to provide a quantitative assessment of health status. A high health index generally indicates good health and growth, while a low health index may indicate health problems. Growth rate is generally positively correlated with health status. Healthy Philippine leeches have a faster growth rate, reflecting their good ability to absorb and metabolize nutrients. Body length and width are important indicators of individual growth and health. Generally, healthy individuals exhibit larger body length and width. These independent variables are interrelated and jointly influence health status. For example, a good growth rate generally indicates adequate nutrient supply, which in turn promotes increases in body length and width. Conversely, increased body length and width also indicate good growth and reflect health status. When growth rate increases, health indexes also increase, indicating better health. Similarly, when body length or width increases, health indexes also improve, indicating better health status. Growth rate, body length, and body width are all positively correlated with health indexes. The growth rate, length, and width data for leeches at different growth stages also vary. Comparing the current leech growth rate, length, and width data with the baseline growth rate, length, and width data for the same growth stage can better reflect the current leech health and eliminate the large data discrepancies caused by different growth stages. The baseline growth rate, length, and width data can be obtained by analyzing historical data of healthy leeches and taking the average of the relevant data at each growth stage as the corresponding baseline value.

[0113] In this embodiment, determining whether to regulate the temperature specifically includes:

[0114] Calculate the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment, and compare the mean value with a preset health threshold value. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is higher than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has a promoting effect on the growth of the leech. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is lower than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the leech. Then, monitor the temperature data of the water body in the breeding pond and adjust it.

[0115] Compare the current temperature data in the Philippine leech breeding pond with the optimal temperature value to calculate the heat required for temperature change in the system. The calculation formula is:

[0116] △Q=mc(TT opt )

[0117] Among them, △Q is the heat required for temperature change in the system, m is the mass of the water in the breeding pond, c is the specific heat capacity of the water in the breeding pond, T is the current temperature of the water in the breeding pond, T opt is the optimal temperature of the water in the breeding pond;

[0118] The formula for calculating the power required to calculate the heat change is:

[0119]

[0120] Where P is the power required for heat change, and τ is the preset adjustment time;

[0121] If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is higher than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding cooling equipment. If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is lower than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding heating equipment.

[0122] By comparing the current health indicators of a leech sample with pre-set health thresholds, the impact of the growth environment on the sample can be quickly determined. This real-time monitoring allows for the timely identification of potential temperature risks to the sample's normal growth, enabling timely intervention. By observing water temperature data within the culture pond and adjusting the temperature based on changes in health indicators, precise environmental management can be achieved, promoting the healthy growth of the sample. Appropriate temperature adjustments are implemented based on different health states to maximize growth efficiency. Formulas are used to calculate the heat and power required to respond to temperature changes within the system, making the regulation process more scientific and precise. Calculations based on the water's mass and specific heat capacity ensure that the energy required for heating or cooling is utilized effectively, avoiding resource waste. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring and dynamic regulation, the system can rapidly respond to changes in water temperature, enabling timely and appropriate measures to maintain the water temperature within the optimal range, whether it rises or falls.

[0123] Step 4: Obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech based on the regulated temperature, and generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to determine the regulation effect;

[0124] In this embodiment, analyzing the regulated environmental data specifically includes:

[0125] Obtain the environmental data of the leech breeding pond after regulation, analyze the environmental data after regulation to obtain the environmental impact index, and calculate it using the following formula:

[0126] E1=a·σ1(T)+b·σ1(pH)+c·σ1(DO)

[0127] E2=a·σ2(T)+b·σ2(pH)+c·σ2(DO)

[0128] E3=a·σ3(T)+b·σ3(pH)+c·σ3(DO)

[0129] Among them, E1 is the environmental impact index of the leech stage, E2 is the environmental impact index of the adult stage, E3 is the environmental impact index of the old stage, σ1(x) is the comprehensive scoring function of the leech stage, σ2(x) is the comprehensive scoring function of the adult stage, σ3(x) is the comprehensive scoring function of the old stage, x is the environmental data index, and x = T, pH, DO, T is the current temperature of the aquaculture pond water body, pH is the acidity and alkalinity of the current aquaculture pond water body, DO is the dissolved oxygen concentration of the current aquaculture pond water body, a, b, c are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, 0<b<c<a<1, and a+b+c=1;

[0130] The Environmental Impact Index comprehensively assesses the overall impact of pond water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration on the growth of leeches. This index reflects the overall suitability of current environmental conditions for the health and growth of leeches. By calculating the Environmental Impact Index, farmers can quickly understand the impact of environmental conditions on leeches and take timely regulatory measures. This helps optimize the breeding environment, improve growth conditions, and reduce losses caused by environmental discomfort. Environmental data also affects leeches differently at different growth stages, and leeches at different growth stages prefer different values for water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration. Therefore, it is reasonable to analyze the impact of environmental data on leeches at different growth stages separately.

[0131] Temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration are three key environmental factors influencing the growth of the Philippine leech, and they are interrelated. For example, temperature affects the dissolved oxygen content in water, and pH may affect the efficiency of oxygen utilization by organisms. Therefore, these three independent variables jointly influence the Environmental Impact Index (EI), which in turn affects the growth of the Philippine leech. The EI is a weighted sum of the combined scores of temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Appropriate temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration will result in higher values for the scoring functions σ(T), σ(pH), and σ(DO), thereby increasing the value of E, demonstrating that a suitable environment promotes the growth of the Philippine leech. If any environmental indicator does not meet the standard, the corresponding score will decrease, affecting the value of E and causing it to decline, reflecting the unsuitability of the environment.

[0132] Temperature is a critical factor in the growth of aquatic organisms. Water temperature directly affects their metabolic rate, respiration, and growth rate. In the cultivation of most aquatic organisms, temperature fluctuations significantly affect their growth and health. Therefore, the weight a is typically set to the maximum value. Dissolved oxygen is an essential element for respiration in aquatic organisms, and sufficient dissolved oxygen is particularly crucial for aquatic organisms during growth and reproduction. Hypoxia can cause organisms to suffocate and reduce growth rates. Therefore, the weight c is typically set higher, but slightly lower than the weight for temperature, as temperature fluctuations indirectly affect dissolved oxygen levels. While pH is also an important factor affecting biological growth, its impact is generally less significant than the direct effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen. Water pH influences many biochemical reactions and nutrient availability, but the optimal pH range is generally wide. Therefore, its weight b is typically set to the minimum value. The constraint a + b + c = 1 ensures that the environmental impact index is a normalized indicator, ensuring that the total contribution of the weighted combination of multiple factors is 100%.

[0133] The formula for calculating the comprehensive scoring function of each environmental data is:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, σ(T) is the temperature comprehensive scoring function, T opt is the optimal temperature of the water in the aquaculture pond, k T is the comprehensive scoring coefficient of temperature data, with a value range of [0.1, 1], k T The larger the value of , the more sensitive the scoring function is to temperature changes. That is, when the temperature is close to the optimal value, the change of the scoring function will be more obvious. Therefore, a relatively high value can be set in this range to reflect the greater impact of temperature.

[0136] This scoring function is used to quantify the degree of deviation between the current water temperature and the optimal water temperature. Its value is between 0 and 1. The higher the value, the closer the water temperature is to the optimal state and the more suitable it is for growth. The temperature comprehensive scoring function can be used to quantitatively evaluate the impact of water temperature on Philippine leeches, helping farmers to quickly identify the suitability of temperature for growth and adjust the water temperature in a timely manner. The scoring function is calculated based on the difference between the current temperature and the optimal temperature. As T moves to T opt The closer the temperature approaches, the score σ(T) will increase, and vice versa. The change in temperature directly affects the score, which in turn affects the environmental impact index. The relationship between σ(T) and T is positively correlated, that is, the closer the current temperature T is to the optimal temperature T, the higher the score will be. opt , the higher the score; if T deviates from T opt The score decreases, indicating a negative impact of temperature on the growth of Philippine leech.

[0137] In the leech stage, the optimal temperature T1 opt If it is set to 29℃, the corresponding σ1(T) represents the temperature comprehensive scoring function of the leech stage. In the leech stage, the optimal temperature value T2 opt Set to 26℃, the corresponding σ2(T) represents the temperature comprehensive scoring function of the leech stage. In the old age stage, the optimal temperature value T3 opt If set to 24°C, the corresponding σ3(T) represents the comprehensive temperature scoring function for the aging stage. Young leeches have a relatively high metabolic rate. A suitable higher temperature promotes their growth and development, accelerating the conversion of food into energy and supporting rapid growth. At this stage, young leeches have a weaker ability to adapt to temperature. Higher temperatures help enhance their physiological activity, improve immunity, and promote healthy growth. Adult leeches experience slower growth. A suitable temperature maintains their physiological activity while avoiding excessive energy consumption caused by high temperatures, ensuring healthy development. The physiological needs of adult leeches tend to stabilize. Lower temperatures maintain their physiological functions and reduce stress caused by environmental changes. The metabolic rate of older leeches decreases further. A suitable lower temperature helps slow metabolism, avoid excessive energy consumption and stress responses. As the physiological functions of older individuals gradually decline, a suitable lower temperature can reduce physiological burdens, lower metabolic rates, and help prolong their lifespan.

[0138]

[0139] Among them, σ(pH) is the pH comprehensive scoring function, pH opt is the optimal value of acidity and base, k pH is the comprehensive scoring coefficient of pH data, with a value range of [0.1, 0.5]. The effect of pH changes on organisms is usually smaller than that of temperature and dissolved oxygen, so k pH The value of k is usually lower than T and k DO , smaller kpH The value can provide a smooth response curve, so that when the pH is close to the optimal value, the score change will not be too drastic. This is appropriate in actual aquaculture management because the adjustment of pH value usually takes a certain amount of time and the suitable range is relatively wide.

[0140] This scoring function is used to evaluate the difference between the current pH of the water body and the optimal pH, reflecting the suitability of the water quality for the growth of Philippine leeches. Through this scoring function, farmers can promptly understand the suitability of the pH of the water body and make corresponding adjustments to ensure that the environment promotes the Philippine leeches. The scoring function reflects the relationship between the current pH and the optimal value. If the current pH is close to the optimal value, the score σ(pH) will be higher, otherwise it will be lower, which directly affects the environmental impact index E. The relationship between σ(pH) and pH is positively correlated, that is, the closer the pH is to the optimal pH, the higher the score. opt If the pH deviates from the optimal value, the score decreases, indicating that the effect of pH on the growth of Philippine leech becomes negative.

[0141] In the leech stage, the optimal pH value is pH1 opt If it is set to 7, the corresponding σ1(pH) represents the pH comprehensive scoring function of the leech stage. In the leech stage, the optimal pH value pH1 opt If it is set to 7, the corresponding σ2(pH) represents the pH comprehensive scoring function of the leech stage. In the old age stage, the optimal pH value is pH1 opt If set to 6, the corresponding σ1(pH) represents the comprehensive pH scoring function for the aging stage. pH has a direct impact on enzymatic reactions, nutrient absorption, and metabolic function in leeches. Different growth stages require different enzyme activity and metabolic processes, resulting in varying pH requirements. Young leeches have a weaker adaptability to their environment, so maintaining a neutral pH helps promote growth and enhance immunity. A neutral environment reduces the impact of pH on leech physiology, promoting the normal development of their organs and systems. Young leeches require a relatively neutral environment to maintain enzyme activity and promote digestion and absorption. The physiological needs of adult leeches tend to stabilize, and an appropriate pH (still around 7.0) maintains physiological balance and promotes nutrient absorption and metabolic activity. At this stage, slight changes in pH will not significantly affect growth, but it must be maintained to avoid stress. Adult leeches require a relatively stable pH to ensure efficient metabolic processes. Physiological functions gradually decline in older individuals. A suitable pH range (e.g., 6.5) can help alleviate their physiological burden and reduce metabolic rate. A slightly lower pH value helps provide a more suitable ecological environment for older individuals and reduces stress responses. A moderately lower pH value in old age can help promote certain physiological reactions while reducing the burden on the elderly.

[0142]

[0143] Among them, σ(DO) is the comprehensive scoring function of dissolved oxygen concentration, DO opt is the optimal value of dissolved oxygen concentration, k DO k is the comprehensive scoring coefficient of dissolved oxygen concentration data, and its value range is [0.1, 1]. Dissolved oxygen is crucial to the survival of aquatic organisms. A reasonable k DO The value of k can ensure that the scoring function is sensitive to changes in dissolved oxygen concentration, reflecting the direct effect of oxygen concentration on biological activity. Similar to temperature, a larger k DO The value helps to keep the oxygen concentration close to the optimal DO value. opt When the temperature is high, it can keenly reflect any deviation, thus providing effective regulatory basis for farmers.

[0144] In the leech stage, the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration DO1 opt If it is set to 6 mg / L, the corresponding σ1(DO) represents the comprehensive scoring function of dissolved oxygen concentration in the leech stage. In the adult stage, the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration value DO2 opt If it is set to 5 mg / L, the corresponding σ2(DO) represents the comprehensive scoring function of dissolved oxygen concentration in the adult stage. In the elderly stage, the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration value DO3 opt If set to 4 mg / L, the corresponding σ3(DO) represents the comprehensive scoring function for dissolved oxygen concentration in the elderly stage. Young leeches grow rapidly and have a relatively high oxygen demand. An optimal dissolved oxygen concentration helps meet their high metabolic rate, supporting rapid growth and development. Adequate oxygen promotes cellular respiration, increases energy production, and supports the physiological activities of young leeches. Young leeches have poor adaptability to environmental changes, so higher dissolved oxygen concentrations are required to enhance their physiological activity and immunity, strengthening their adaptability. Adult leeches have relatively stable metabolic rates, and an appropriate dissolved oxygen concentration can meet their growth and activity needs. Excessively high oxygen concentrations can cause stress, while excessively low oxygen concentrations can affect their health. Therefore, maintaining a moderate oxygen concentration is crucial. Adult leeches are highly adaptable and can adapt to changes in oxygen concentration within a certain range, but they must remain within the optimal range to ensure healthy growth. As the metabolic needs of older individuals decrease, an appropriate dissolved oxygen concentration can reduce their oxygen demand and alleviate their physiological burden. Lower oxygen concentrations can help maintain the health of older individuals by avoiding oxidative stress caused by excess oxygen. As older individuals' adaptability gradually weakens, lower dissolved oxygen concentrations can reduce stress responses, help maintain physiological balance, and extend their lifespan.

[0145] In this embodiment, generating the comprehensive health index specifically includes:

[0146] Obtain weight data of the sample leech after regulation, input the weight data of the sample leech and the corresponding growth stage of the sample leech into the growth rate prediction model, obtain the growth rate of the sample leech after regulation output by the growth rate prediction model, combine the growth rate, body length and body width data of the sample leech after regulation, obtain the health index of the sample leech after regulation, and analyze the comprehensive health status of the sample leech at the current moment based on the health index of the sample leech after regulation and the environmental data. The calculation formula is:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, HI i is the comprehensive health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, E i is the environmental impact index of the i-th sample of leech after regulation, E i ∈(E1, E2, E3), that is, the corresponding environmental impact index is calculated according to the growth stage of the sample leech, λ1 and λ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, 0<λ2<λ1<1, and λ1+λ2=1;

[0149] The comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is compared with the preset health threshold. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is higher than the preset health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in a healthy state. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is lower than the health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in an unhealthy state. The number of sampled leeches in healthy and unhealthy states in each breeding pond is counted. If the number of sampled leeches in unhealthy states in a breeding pond exceeds one-quarter of the total number of sampled leeches in the breeding pond, the breeding pond is marked as being in an abnormal state, and the water temperature in the breeding pond in the abnormal state continues to be detected and regulated.

[0150] Comprehensive health index HI i It reflects the overall health status of the Philippine cattle leech under the current environmental conditions. It is an indicator that comprehensively considers the biological health status and environmental impact, and aims to provide a quantitative measurement standard so that farmers can understand the growth and health level of the Philippine cattle leech. By calculating the comprehensive health index, farmers can quickly judge the health status of the Philippine cattle leech and decide whether the water temperature of the breeding pond needs to be adjusted accordingly. It also provides a scientific and quantitative way to manage and optimize the breeding environment, which helps to improve the growth efficiency and survival rate of the Philippine cattle leech. In the growth and health assessment of aquatic organisms, health indicators are the core factors that directly reflect the condition of the organism. Therefore, giving A higher weight is reasonable, which means that the health status of organisms occupies a more important position in the comprehensive health index. The environmental impact index E reflects the potential negative impact of the environment on the health of organisms. Although it is important, on the basis of affecting health indicators, it is usually hoped that environmental impacts will not excessively interfere with health assessments. Therefore, giving E a smaller weight is to reflect its negative effects through subtraction. This form of λ1+λ2=1 ensures that the calculation results of the comprehensive health index are within a relatively uniform range (for example, 0 to 1), making HI i It can be understood and applied more intuitively. Through normalization, the comparison between health indicators and environmental impacts can be balanced, ensuring that both are evaluated under the same standards.

[0151] The health-related indicators of the Philippine leech include growth rate, body length and body width. The growth rate directly reflects the growth speed of the Philippine leech and is an important indicator of health status. Body length and body width are the physical manifestations of biological growth. Usually, the growth of body length and body width is positively correlated with health status. When G i 、L i , K i When the value of is high, that is, when the ratio is large, it indicates that the Philippine leech is in good health, which leads to an increase in the H value, and vice versa. i 、L i , K i It is positively correlated with health indicators, and health indicators are also positively correlated with the comprehensive health index. As health indicators increase, the comprehensive health index will also increase. Conversely, as health indicators decrease, the comprehensive health index will also decrease. i It is negatively correlated with E. If the current temperature, pH or dissolved oxygen concentration is far from the optimal value and is not the most suitable environment for the growth of Philippine leech, the environmental impact index will increase, and the corresponding comprehensive health index will decrease. On the contrary, the smaller the environmental impact index, the closer the environmental data is to the optimal value, and it is more suitable for the growth of Philippine leech, and the comprehensive health index will increase.

[0152] See also Figure 2 The present invention further provides a device for real-time monitoring and control of water temperature for artificially culturing Philippine leeches. The device is used to implement the above-mentioned method for real-time monitoring and control of water temperature for artificially culturing Philippine leeches, comprising:

[0153] A data acquisition module is used to randomly select multiple sample leeches in the leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, body length, body width, growth image and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data in the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight;

[0154] A model building module is used to build a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous moments, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current moment is obtained based on the trained model.

[0155] The temperature control module is used to analyze the growth rate, body length and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment based on the hierarchical analysis method, so as to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status;

[0156] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech based on the regulated temperature, and to generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to judge the regulation effect.

[0157] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0158] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0159] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment as needed.

[0160] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Randomly select multiple sample leeches from a leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, length, width, growth image, and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data within the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight; Step 2: Construct a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous times, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current time is obtained based on the trained model. Step 3: Analyze the growth rate, body length, and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment using the analytic hierarchy process to comprehensively assess the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status; Step 4: Based on the regulated temperature, obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech, and generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to determine the regulation effect.

2. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the growth rate of the sample leech specifically includes: The growth stages of the leech are divided into the young leech stage, the adult leech stage, and the old stage. The body width data is the width of the leech's abdomen, and the body length data is the length of the leech from the head to the tail. Based on the weight data of the sample leeches in the leech breeding pond at the current and previous collection times, the growth rate of each sample leech is calculated, and the calculation formula is: Among them, G i (t) is the growth rate of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t, W i (t+1) is the weight of the i-th sample leech at time t+1, Δt is the time interval between time t and time t+1, and t is the index of the time.

3. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 1, wherein: Constructing the growth rate prediction model specifically includes: The environmental data includes the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration of the water in the leech breeding pond, and temperature sensors, pH sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors are arranged around and in the center of the breeding pond to collect the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water around and in the center of the leech breeding pond, and the average is calculated, and the average is defined as the temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration data of the water in the leech breeding pond; After preprocessing the temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration of the aquaculture pond at multiple times, the Pearson correlation coefficient between each environmental variable and the growth rate was calculated. Environmental variables with an absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 were selected as strongly correlated environmental variables. Preprocessing included removing outliers, filling in missing values, and performing maximum-minimum normalization. The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment are used as input, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label. The data at previous collection times are divided into a training set and a test set. The weight, growth stage and strongly correlated environmental variables of the sample leech after pretreatment in the training set are input, and the corresponding growth rate of the sample leech is used as a label to train the growth rate prediction model, and the data in the test set is input into the trained model for testing.

4. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 1, wherein: Comprehensive assessment of the current health status of the sampled Philippine leeches includes: Collect the weight data and growth stage of the current sample of leech, and input them into the trained growth rate prediction model to obtain the growth rate data output by the model; The growth rate, body length, and body width data of the sampled leech are set as evaluation indicators, and a scoring method is set. The relative importance of each evaluation indicator is determined by the expert scoring method. A judgment matrix is constructed based on the expert scores, and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the judgment matrix are calculated. A consistency test is performed by calculating the consistency index and consistency ratio. If the consistency ratio value is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is consistent. The health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is then calculated to evaluate the health status of the sampled leech. If the consistency ratio value is equal to or higher than 0.1, the judgment matrix is readjusted. Calculate the health index of the Philippine leech at the current moment to evaluate its health status. The calculation formula is: Among them, H i is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech at the current moment, G i The growth rate prediction model outputs the growth rate of the i-th leech at the current moment, L i , K i are the length and width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, Gl i , Ll i 、Kl i are the benchmark growth rate, benchmark body length and benchmark body width of the i-th sample leech at the current moment, respectively. ω1, ω2, ω3 and ω4 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, that is, the values of the first, second and third items in the eigenvector involved in the hierarchical analysis method.

5. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining whether to regulate the temperature specifically includes: Calculate the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment, and compare the mean value with a preset health threshold value. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is higher than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has a promoting effect on the growth of the leech. If the mean value of the health index of the leech samples at the current moment is lower than the health threshold value, it indicates that the current environment has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the leech. Then, monitor the temperature data of the water body in the breeding pond and adjust it. Compare the current temperature data in the Philippine leech breeding pond with the optimal temperature value to calculate the heat required for temperature change in the system. The calculation formula is: △Q=mc(T-T opt ) Among them, △Q is the heat required for temperature change in the system, m is the mass of the water in the breeding pond, c is the specific heat capacity of the water in the breeding pond, T is the current temperature of the water in the breeding pond, T opt is the optimal temperature of the water in the breeding pond; The formula for calculating the power required to calculate the heat change is: Where P is the power required for heat change, and τ is the preset adjustment time; If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is higher than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding cooling equipment. If the temperature of the water in the breeding pond at the current moment is lower than the optimal temperature value, the calculated power value will be matched with the output power of the corresponding heating equipment.

6. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental data after analysis and regulation specifically include: Obtain the environmental data of the leech breeding pond after regulation, analyze the environmental data after regulation to obtain the environmental impact index, and calculate it using the following formula: Ej=a·σj(T)+b·σj(pH)+c·σj(DO) Where Ej is the environmental impact index corresponding to the j-th growth stage, σj(x) is the comprehensive scoring function of the j-th growth stage, x is the environmental data index, and x = T, pH, DO, T is the current temperature of the culture pond water, pH is the acidity and alkalinity of the current culture pond water, DO is the dissolved oxygen concentration of the current culture pond water, a, b, c are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items, and j is the growth stage index, j = 1, 2, 3, that is, E1, E2, E3 correspond to the juvenile leech stage, adult leech stage, and old age stage, respectively; Among them, xj opt is the optimal value of the environmental data corresponding to the jth growth stage, k x is the comprehensive scoring coefficient of the xth environmental data.

7. The method for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to claim 6, characterized in that: Generating the comprehensive health index specifically includes: Obtain weight data of the sample leech after regulation, input the weight data of the sample leech and the corresponding growth stage of the sample leech into the growth rate prediction model, obtain the growth rate of the sample leech after regulation output by the growth rate prediction model, combine the growth rate, body length and body width data of the sample leech after regulation, obtain the health index of the sample leech after regulation, and analyze the comprehensive health status of the sample leech at the current moment based on the health index of the sample leech after regulation and the environmental data. The calculation formula is: Among them, HI i is the comprehensive health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, is the health index of the i-th sample of Philippine leech after the current regulation, E i is the environmental impact index of the i-th sample of leech after regulation, E i ∈(E1, E2, E3), λ1 and λ2 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding items respectively; The comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is compared with the preset health threshold. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is higher than the preset health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in a healthy state. If the comprehensive health index of the sampled leech at the current moment is lower than the health threshold, the sampled leech is considered to be in an unhealthy state. The number of sampled leeches in healthy and unhealthy states in each breeding pond is counted. If the number of sampled leeches in unhealthy states in a breeding pond exceeds one-quarter of the total number of sampled leeches in the breeding pond, the breeding pond is marked as being in an abnormal state, and the water temperature in the breeding pond in the abnormal state continues to be detected and regulated.

8. A device for real-time monitoring and controlling water temperature for artificially breeding Philippine leeches, characterized in that: The device for real-time monitoring and controlling the water temperature of artificially cultured leeches is used to implement the method for real-time monitoring and controlling the water temperature of artificially cultured leeches according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: A data acquisition module is used to randomly select multiple sample leeches in the leech breeding pond, obtain the weight, body length, body width, growth image and growth stage of the sample leeches at the current and previous collection times, as well as environmental data in the leech breeding pond, and determine the growth rate of the sample leeches at the previous collection times based on the weight; A model building module is used to build a growth rate prediction model whose input is weight, growth stage and environmental data and output is growth rate. The model is trained based on data collected at previous moments, and the growth rate of the sample leech at the current moment is obtained based on the trained model. The temperature control module is used to analyze the growth rate, body length and body width of the sampled leeches at the current moment based on the hierarchical analysis method, so as to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the sampled leeches in the breeding pond at the current moment and determine whether to regulate the temperature based on the health status; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to obtain the regulated growth rate and regulated health status of the sample leech based on the regulated temperature, and to generate a comprehensive health index based on the regulated environmental data and health status to judge the regulation effect.

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