South Yunnan Chinese bee fine breed breeding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of South Yunnan Chinese bee breeding, in particular to a South Yunnan Chinese bee improved breed breeding method which comprises the following steps: screening a queen bee and a parent group, preferably selecting a female group and a parent group with stable characters, and carrying out artificial insemination on the queen bee of the female group to preserve high-quality genetic materials; drone breeding is synchronously regulated and controlled, male group male bee breeding is started in advance, and the drone quality is enhanced through bee quantity densification, feeding optimization and special drone comb management; nutrition of the female group in the larva stage is enhanced, feeding space of the female group is adjusted, protein feed is supplemented, and sufficient nutrition in the larva stage is ensured. According to the method, the quality defect rate of the queen bee is reduced to 5% or below from 40% of a traditional method through genetic resource dynamic updating, larva nutrition precise regulation and control and environment adaptation parameter design, and a quantifiable technical scheme is provided for resource protection and industrial upgrading of the southern Yunnan Chinese bees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bee breeding in southern Yunnan, and in particular to a method for breeding improved varieties of bees in southern Yunnan. Background Art

[0002] The population of Chinese honeybees in southern Yunnan has been showing a continuous downward trend due to factors such as competition for nectar sources, abuse of pesticides, and habitat destruction caused by the introduction of Italian honeybees. The long-term reliance on natural swarming or inbreeding for reproduction has exacerbated the degeneration of the bee species, manifested in decreased egg-laying ability, weakened disease resistance, and shrinking colony strength, which directly restricts the quality of bee products and industrial benefits.

[0003] At the same time, in traditional breeding, more than 90% of beekeepers still use the traditional method of destroying nests to obtain honey, and lack a scientific breeding system, which leads to the loss of genetic diversity. It is urgent to improve the production performance and ecological adaptability of the population through breeding of high-quality varieties to ensure the agricultural pollination needs and biodiversity maintenance in southern Yunnan.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan to solve the technical problems raised above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Screening of queen bees and sire colonies, selecting mother colonies and sire colonies with stable traits, and artificially inseminating the queen bees of the mother colony to preserve high-quality genetic material;

[0009] S2. Synchronize and regulate drone breeding, start parent colony drone breeding in advance, and enhance drone quality through dense bee population, optimized feeding, and dedicated drone comb management;

[0010] S3. Nutritional enhancement for the mother colony during the larval stage: adjust the mother colony's feeding space and supplement protein feed to ensure adequate nutrition during the larval stage;

[0011] S4. Queen rearing group organization and queen cell quota: organize strong colonies as queen rearing groups and remove the old queens, and control the number and spacing of queen cells to optimize rearing resources;

[0012] S5. Precision larval transfer operation: precise larval transfer in a constant temperature and humidity environment to ensure the foundation for larval development;

[0013] S6. Repeated larval transfer and feeding monitoring: transfer larvae twice and continuously monitor royal jelly levels. Supplement nutrition when necessary to improve queen cell quality.

[0014] S7. Dynamically organize the mating group, adjust the honeycomb structure and insert single queen cells, and use external navigation signs to assist queen mating;

[0015] S8. Queen bee performance verification and population iteration: Queen bee quality is assessed through mating behavior and egg-laying performance. Qualified individuals replace inefficient queens and update the germplasm bank.

[0016] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S1 are:

[0017] Select stable female and male colonies from the apiary. The female colony must lay ≥ 500 eggs per day and maintain a colony strength of ≥ 8 frames for two consecutive years, and have no record of swarming fever.

[0018] The parent colony needs a drone spawning rate of >90% and a strong drone body;

[0019] After screening, the queen bee of the mother colony is artificially inseminated as a backup, and the genetic material with sperm motility ≥ 85% in its spermathecae is retained.

[0020] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0021] Based on the results of queen selection, the breeding of parent colony drones is started 23 days before queen breeding;

[0022] Adjust the parent colony to a bee-comb ratio of 1.3:1, feed it sugar water as a daily reward, and insert a dedicated drone comb;

[0023] Control the number of drone cells to 1200-1500 per comb to ensure that the royal jelly coverage thickness of the drone larvae is ≥1.2mm.

[0024] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0025] On the 5th day after the start of drone breeding, the mother colony was optimized for larval nutrition;

[0026] Remove 50% of the egg spleens in the mother group to make room for brooding, and supplement with pollen protein feed every day for 5 days until the larvae are transferred;

[0027] Ultimately, the amount of royal jelly accumulated in the one-day-old larvae's chamber is ≥0.3mm, and the larvae float on the surface of the royal jelly.

[0028] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0029] Organize a queen rearing group 48 hours before transferring bees: select a strong group with a colony strength of ≥8 frames and a nurse bee ratio of >40%, and remove the original queen to make it a queenless state;

[0030] Glue the receiving wax bowls on the base of the queen raising frame. Each frame should be limited to 20 queen cells with a spacing of ≥2cm.

[0031] The queen rearing frame is placed in the insect spleen area in the middle of the hive, and is trimmed by worker bees until the edge of the wax bowl is slightly turned outward.

[0032] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S5 are:

[0033] One-day-old larvae were grown from the mother colony after nutritional enrichment and transferred in a constant temperature and humidity room;

[0034] Use a negative pressure needle to cut into the back of the larva, extract the pulp and implant it into the bottom of the wax bowl at a depth of 0.8 mm.

[0035] After the queen rearing frame is moved, it is immediately returned to the center of the queen rearing group and the nest door is closed for 2 hours to reduce disturbance.

[0036] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S6 are:

[0037] 24 hours after the first transfer of worms, remove the unacceptable queen cells;

[0038] Perform a second transfer of larvae to the receiving queen cell: select newly cultured one-day-old larvae and repeat step S5;

[0039] Thereafter, the amount of royal jelly in the queen cells was monitored daily: the royal jelly covered ≥2 / 3 of the larvae within 48 hours, and completely submerged the larvae within 72 hours. If the amount was insufficient, yeast powder syrup was supplemented to the queen cells.

[0040] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S7 are:

[0041] On the 6th day after the queen cell is capped, a mating group is organized;

[0042] Take out capped honeycombs from non-queen-breeding colonies to form 3 frames of bees, one of which is honey and pollen honeycombs;

[0043] Each mating group only has one mature queen cell placed at the lower edge of the nest spleen.

[0044] Triangular landmarks are set outside the nest box to assist the queen bee in navigation.

[0045] Preferably, the implementation steps of step S8 are:

[0046] Starting from the sixth day after the virgin queen left the nest, the mating flight time was recorded daily (normally 13:00-15:00 in the afternoon);

[0047] The queen bee that successfully mated is evaluated on the 7th day of egg laying: the queen bee that lays ≥480 eggs per day and the egg circle area ≥85% of the nest cells is qualified;

[0048] The qualified queen bee replaces the queen bee with an egg laying volume of less than 400 in the original population, and at the same time, the sperm of its spermatheca is injected into the germplasm bank in step S1 to complete the genetic resource update.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The method of the present invention systematically breaks through the bottleneck of traditional technology through genetic closed-loop control, nutritional timing regulation, and quantification of operating parameters: artificial insemination is used to preserve germplasm with sperm motility ≥85% of the mother group, combined with morphological screening of male bees with a breast diameter ≥4.3mm in the father group, to block inbreeding depression; qualified queen sperm is injected back into the germplasm bank to achieve continuous iteration of disease-resistant and high-yield genes; 50% of the egg spleens of the mother group are removed during the larval stage and pollen feed with crude protein ≥25% is supplemented to ensure that the royal jelly accumulation of 1-day-old larvae is ≥0.3mm; yeast syrup is used to supplement the larvae after the double transfer to ensure that the royal jelly is completely submerged in the larvae for 72 hours, ensuring The queen bee's ovaries are fully developed, laying the physiological foundation for laying more than 480 eggs per day; the queen cell quota is matched with a strong colony carrying capacity with a proportion of nursing bees greater than 40%; the three-frame bee quantity of the mating colony is equipped with triangular landmark navigation, which increases the mating success rate to more than 95%; on the 7th day of egg-laying, the egg circle area ≥ 85% is used as the qualification standard, and inefficient queen bees are accurately eliminated; in summary, the present invention reduces the queen bee quality defect rate from 40% of the traditional method to less than 5% through dynamic updating of genetic resources, precise regulation of larval nutrition, and design of environmental adaptation parameters, providing a quantifiable technical solution for the protection of Chinese honeybee resources and industrial upgrading in southern Yunnan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1: The present invention provides a method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1. Screening of queen bees and sire colonies, selecting mother colonies and sire colonies with stable traits, and artificially inseminating the queen bees of the mother colony to preserve high-quality genetic material;

[0054] S2. Synchronize and regulate drone breeding, start parent colony drone breeding in advance, and enhance drone quality through dense bee population, optimized feeding, and dedicated drone comb management;

[0055] S3. Nutritional enhancement for the mother colony during the larval stage: adjust the mother colony's feeding space and supplement protein feed to ensure adequate nutrition during the larval stage;

[0056] S4. Queen rearing group organization and queen cell quota: organize strong colonies as queen rearing groups and remove the old queens, and control the number and spacing of queen cells to optimize rearing resources;

[0057] S5. Precision larval transfer operation: precise larval transfer in a constant temperature and humidity environment to ensure the foundation for larval development;

[0058] S6. Repeated larval transfer and feeding monitoring: transfer larvae twice and continuously monitor royal jelly levels. Supplement nutrition when necessary to improve queen cell quality.

[0059] S7. Dynamically organize the mating group, adjust the honeycomb structure and insert single queen cells, and use external navigation signs to assist queen mating;

[0060] S8. Queen bee performance verification and population iteration: Queen bee quality is assessed through mating behavior and egg-laying performance. Qualified individuals replace inefficient queens and update the germplasm bank.

[0061] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S1 are:

[0062] Select stable female and male colonies from the apiary. The female colony must lay ≥ 500 eggs per day and maintain a colony strength of ≥ 8 frames for two consecutive years, and have no record of swarming fever.

[0063] The parent colony needs a drone spawning rate of >90% and a strong drone body;

[0064] After screening, the queen bee of the mother colony is artificially inseminated as a backup, and the genetic material with sperm motility ≥ 85% in its spermathecae is retained.

[0065] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0066] Based on the results of queen selection, the breeding of parent colony drones is started 23 days before queen breeding;

[0067] Adjust the parent colony to a bee-comb ratio of 1.3:1, feed it sugar water as a daily reward, and insert a dedicated drone comb;

[0068] Control the number of drone cells to 1200-1500 per comb to ensure that the royal jelly coverage thickness of the drone larvae is ≥1.2mm.

[0069] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0070] On the 5th day after the start of drone breeding, the mother colony was optimized for larval nutrition;

[0071] Remove 50% of the egg spleens in the mother group to make room for brooding, and supplement with pollen protein feed every day for 5 days until the larvae are transferred;

[0072] Ultimately, the amount of royal jelly accumulated in the one-day-old larvae's chamber is ≥0.3mm, and the larvae float on the surface of the royal jelly.

[0073] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0074] Organize a queen rearing group 48 hours before transferring bees: select a strong group with a colony strength of ≥8 frames and a nurse bee ratio of >40%, and remove the original queen to make it a queenless state;

[0075] Glue the receiving wax bowls on the base of the queen raising frame. Each frame should be limited to 20 queen cells with a spacing of ≥2cm.

[0076] The queen rearing frame is placed in the insect spleen area in the middle of the hive, and is trimmed by worker bees until the edge of the wax bowl is slightly turned outward.

[0077] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S5 are:

[0078] One-day-old larvae were grown from the mother colony after nutritional enrichment and transferred in a constant temperature and humidity room;

[0079] Use a negative pressure needle to cut into the back of the larva, extract the pulp and implant it into the bottom of the wax bowl at a depth of 0.8 mm.

[0080] After the queen rearing frame is moved, it is immediately returned to the center of the queen rearing group and the nest door is closed for 2 hours to reduce disturbance.

[0081] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S6 are:

[0082] 24 hours after the first transfer of worms, remove the unacceptable queen cells;

[0083] Perform a second transfer of larvae to the receiving queen cell: select newly cultured one-day-old larvae and repeat step S5;

[0084] Thereafter, the amount of royal jelly in the queen cells was monitored daily: the royal jelly covered ≥2 / 3 of the larvae within 48 hours, and completely submerged the larvae within 72 hours. If the amount was insufficient, yeast powder syrup was supplemented to the queen cells.

[0085] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S7 are:

[0086] On the 6th day after the queen cell is capped, a mating group is organized;

[0087] Take out capped honeycombs from non-queen-breeding colonies to form 3 frames of bees, one of which is honey and pollen honeycombs;

[0088] Each mating group only has one mature queen cell placed at the lower edge of the nest spleen.

[0089] Triangular landmarks are set outside the nest box to assist the queen bee in navigation.

[0090] Furthermore, the implementation steps of step S8 are:

[0091] Starting from the sixth day after the virgin queen left the nest, the mating flight time was recorded daily (normally 13:00-15:00 in the afternoon);

[0092] The queen bee that successfully mated is evaluated on the 7th day of egg laying: the queen bee that lays ≥480 eggs per day and the egg circle area ≥85% of the nest cells is qualified;

[0093] The qualified queen bee replaces the queen bee with an egg laying volume of less than 400 in the original population, and at the same time, the sperm of its spermatheca is injected into the germplasm bank in step S1 to complete the genetic resource update.

[0094] Example 2: In practical application, the present invention proposes a method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Screening of queen bees and sire colonies, selecting mother colonies and sire colonies with stable traits, and artificially inseminating the queen bees of the mother colony to preserve high-quality genetic material;

[0096] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S1 are:

[0097] Select stable female and male colonies from the apiary. The female colony must lay ≥ 500 eggs per day and maintain a colony strength of ≥ 8 frames for two consecutive years, and have no record of swarming fever.

[0098] The parent colony needs a drone spawning rate of ≥90% and a strong drone body (diameter at breast height ≥4.3mm);

[0099] After screening, the queen bee of the mother colony is artificially inseminated as a backup, and the genetic material with sperm motility ≥ 85% in its spermathecae is retained.

[0100] S2. Synchronize and regulate drone breeding, start parent colony drone breeding in advance, and enhance drone quality through dense bee population, optimized feeding, and dedicated drone comb management;

[0101] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0102] Based on the results of queen selection, the breeding of father colony drones is started 23 days before queen breeding;

[0103] Adjust the parent colony to a bee-to-comb ratio of 1.3:1 (dense bee population), feed it with sugar water as a daily reward (sugar water ratio 1:1, 200ml each time), and insert a dedicated drone comb (limited to 1 frame per colony);

[0104] Control the number of drone cells to 1200-1500 per comb to ensure that the royal jelly coverage thickness of the drone larvae is ≥1.2mm.

[0105] S3. Nutritional enhancement for the mother colony during the larval stage: adjust the mother colony's feeding space and supplement protein feed to ensure adequate nutrition during the larval stage;

[0106] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0107] On the 5th day after the start of drone breeding, the mother colony was optimized for larval nutrition;

[0108] Remove 50% of the egg spleens in the mother group to make room for larvae, and supplement with pollen protein feed (crude protein content ≥ 25%, 150g each time) every day for 5 days until the larvae are transferred;

[0109] Ultimately, the amount of royal jelly accumulated in the one-day-old larvae's chamber is ≥0.3mm, and the larvae float on the surface of the royal jelly.

[0110] S4. Queen rearing group organization and queen cell quota: organize strong colonies as queen rearing groups and remove the old queens, and control the number and spacing of queen cells to optimize rearing resources;

[0111] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0112] Organize a queen rearing group 48 hours before transferring bees: select a strong group with a colony strength of ≥8 frames and a nurse bee ratio of >40%, and remove the original queen to make it a queenless state;

[0113] Glue a wax bowl (diameter 8.0±0.2mm) to the base of the queen rearing frame. Each frame should have a maximum of 20 queen cells, with a spacing of ≥2cm.

[0114] The queen rearing frame is placed in the insect spleen area in the middle of the hive, and is trimmed by worker bees until the edge of the wax bowl is slightly turned outward (the closing angle is 15°-20°).

[0115] S5. Precision larval transfer operation: precise larval transfer in a constant temperature and humidity environment to ensure the foundation for larval development;

[0116] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S5 are:

[0117] One-day-old larvae (1.5-1.8 mm in length) from the mother colony after nutritional enrichment were used for transfer in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (25°C ± 1°C, 75% ± 5% humidity);

[0118] Use a negative pressure insect transfer needle (suction force 0.05 MPa) to cut into the back of the larvae, extract the pulp and implant it into the bottom of the wax bowl at a depth of 0.8 mm;

[0119] After the queen rearing frame is moved, it is immediately returned to the center of the queen rearing group and the nest door is closed for 2 hours to reduce disturbance.

[0120] S6. Repeated larval transfer and feeding monitoring: transfer larvae twice and continuously monitor royal jelly levels. Supplement nutrition when necessary to improve queen cell quality.

[0121] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S6 are:

[0122] 24 hours after the first transfer, remove the queen cells that did not accept the queen (if the acceptance rate is less than 90%, additional transfer is required);

[0123] Perform a second transfer of larvae to the receiving queen cell: select newly cultured one-day-old larvae and repeat step S5;

[0124] Thereafter, the amount of royal jelly in the queen cells was monitored daily: the royal jelly covered ≥2 / 3 of the larvae within 48 hours, and completely submerged the larvae within 72 hours. If the amount was insufficient, yeast powder syrup (5% yeast) was supplemented to the queen cells.

[0125] S7. Dynamically organize the mating group, adjust the honeycomb structure and insert single queen cells, and use external navigation signs to assist queen mating;

[0126] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S7 are:

[0127] On the 6th day after the queen cell is capped (2 days before the virgin queen emerges), a mating group is organized;

[0128] Take capped honeycombs from non-queen-breeding colonies to form 3 honeycomb frames (bee-comb ratio 1.2:1), of which one frame is honey-pollen honeycomb (honey storage ≥1.5kg, pollen area ≥30%);

[0129] Only one mature queen cell (8 days after capping) is introduced into each mating group and placed at the lower edge of the honeycomb.

[0130] A triangular landmark (50 cm side length) was set outside the nest box to assist the queen bee in navigation.

[0131] S8. Queen performance verification and population iteration: Queen quality is assessed through mating behavior and egg-laying performance. Qualified queens are used to replace inefficient queens and update the germplasm bank.

[0132] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the implementation steps of step S8 are:

[0133] Starting from the sixth day after the virgin queen left the nest, the mating flight time was recorded daily (normally 13:00-15:00 in the afternoon);

[0134] The queen bee that successfully mated is evaluated on the 7th day of egg laying: the queen bee that lays ≥480 eggs per day and the egg circle area ≥85% of the nest cells is qualified;

[0135] The qualified queen bee replaces the queen bee with an egg laying volume of less than 400 in the original population, and at the same time, the sperm of its spermatheca is injected into the germplasm bank in step S1 to complete the genetic resource update.

[0136] Through the above steps, the method of the present invention systematically breaks through the bottleneck of traditional technology through genetic closed-loop control, nutritional timing regulation, and quantification of operating parameters:

[0137] Artificial insemination is used to preserve germplasm with sperm motility ≥ 85% in the mother colony, combined with morphological screening of drones with a breast diameter ≥ 4.3mm in the father colony to prevent inbreeding depression; qualified queen bee sperm is reinjected into the germplasm bank to achieve continuous iteration of disease-resistant and high-yield genes;

[0138] During the larval stage, 50% of the egg spleens in the mother colony are removed and a pollen feed containing ≥25% crude protein is added to ensure that the royal jelly accumulation of the one-day-old larvae is ≥0.3mm. After the double transfer, yeast syrup is used to supplement the feed to ensure that the royal jelly is completely submerged in the larvae for 72 hours, ensuring that the queen bee's ovaries are fully developed and laying the physiological foundation for more than 480 eggs per day.

[0139] The queen cell quota is matched with a strong colony carrying capacity of >40% of the nurse bees; the mating colony is equipped with a triangular landmark navigation system with three frames of bees, which increases the mating success rate to over 95%; on the seventh day of egg laying, the egg circle area is ≥85% as the qualified standard, and inefficient queens are accurately eliminated;

[0140] This invention reduces the queen bee quality defect rate from 40% of traditional methods to below 5% through dynamic updating of genetic resources, precise regulation of larval nutrition, and design of environmental adaptation parameters, providing a quantifiable technical solution for the protection of Chinese bee resources and industrial upgrading in southern Yunnan.

[0141] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0142] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Screening of queen bees and sire colonies, selecting mother colonies and sire colonies with stable traits, and artificially inseminating the queen bees of the mother colony to preserve high-quality genetic material; S2. Synchronize and regulate drone breeding, start parent colony drone breeding in advance, and enhance drone quality through dense bee population, optimized feeding, and dedicated drone comb management; S3. Nutritional enhancement for the mother colony during the larval stage: adjust the mother colony's feeding space and supplement protein feed to ensure adequate nutrition during the larval stage; S4. Queen rearing group organization and queen cell quota: organize strong colonies as queen rearing groups and remove the old queens, and control the number and spacing of queen cells to optimize rearing resources; S5. Precision larval transfer operation: precise larval transfer in a constant temperature and humidity environment to ensure the foundation for larval development; S6. Repeated larval transfer and feeding monitoring: transfer larvae twice and continuously monitor royal jelly levels. Supplement nutrition when necessary to improve queen cell quality. S7. Dynamically organize the mating group, adjust the honeycomb structure and insert single queen cells, and use external navigation signs to assist queen mating; S8. Queen bee performance verification and population iteration: Queen bee quality is assessed through mating behavior and egg-laying performance. Qualified individuals replace inefficient queens and update the germplasm bank.

2. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 1, wherein: The implementation steps of step S1 are: Select stable female and male colonies from the apiary. The female colony must lay ≥ 500 eggs per day and maintain a colony strength of ≥ 8 frames for two consecutive years, and have no record of swarming fever. The parent colony needs a drone spawning rate of >90% and a strong drone body; After screening, the queen bee of the mother colony is artificially inseminated as a backup, and the genetic material with sperm motility ≥ 85% in its spermathecae is retained.

3. A method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 2, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S2 are: Based on the results of queen selection, the breeding of father colony drones is started 23 days before queen breeding; Adjust the parent colony to a bee-comb ratio of 1.3:1, feed it sugar water as a daily reward, and insert a dedicated drone comb; Control the number of drone cells to 1200-1500 per comb to ensure that the royal jelly coverage thickness of the drone larvae is ≥1.2mm.

4. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 3, wherein: The implementation steps of step S3 are: On the 5th day after the start of drone breeding, the mother colony was optimized for larval nutrition; Remove 50% of the egg spleens in the mother group to make room for brooding, and supplement with pollen protein feed every day for 5 days until the larvae are transferred; Ultimately, the amount of royal jelly accumulated in the one-day-old larvae's chamber is ≥0.3mm, and the larvae float on the surface of the royal jelly.

5. A method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 4, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S4 are: Organize a queen rearing group 48 hours before transferring bees: select a strong group with a colony strength of ≥8 frames and a nurse bee ratio of >40%, and remove the original queen to make it a queenless state; Glue the receiving wax bowls on the base of the queen raising frame. Each frame is limited to 20 queen cells, with a spacing of ≥ 2cm. The queen rearing frame is placed in the insect spleen area in the middle of the hive, and is trimmed by worker bees until the edge of the wax bowl is slightly turned outward.

6. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 5, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S5 are: One-day-old larvae were grown from the mother colony after nutritional enrichment and transferred in a constant temperature and humidity room; Use a negative pressure needle to cut into the back of the larva, extract the pulp and implant it into the bottom of the wax bowl at a depth of 0.8 mm. After the queen rearing frame is moved, it is immediately returned to the center of the queen rearing group and the nest door is closed for 2 hours to reduce disturbance.

7. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S6 are: 24 hours after the first transfer of worms, remove the unacceptable queen cells; Perform a second transfer of larvae to the receiving queen cell: select newly cultured one-day-old larvae and repeat step S5; Thereafter, the amount of royal jelly in the queen cells was monitored daily: the royal jelly covered ≥2 / 3 of the larvae within 48 hours, and completely submerged the larvae within 72 hours. If the amount was insufficient, yeast powder syrup was supplemented to the queen cells.

8. The method for breeding improved varieties of honeybees in southern Yunnan according to claim 7, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S7 are: On the 6th day after the queen cell is capped, a mating group is organized; Take out capped honeycombs from non-queen-breeding colonies to form 3 frames of bees, one of which is honey and pollen honeycombs; Each mating group only has one mature queen cell placed at the lower edge of the nest spleen. Triangular landmarks are set outside the nest box to assist the queen bee in navigation.

9. A method for breeding improved varieties of bees in southern Yunnan according to claim 8, characterized in that: The implementation steps of step S8 are: Starting from the sixth day after the virgin queen left the den, the duration of mating flights was recorded daily; The queen bee that successfully mated is evaluated on the 7th day of egg laying: the queen bee that lays ≥480 eggs per day and the egg circle area ≥85% of the nest cells is qualified; The qualified queen bee replaces the queen bee with an egg laying volume of less than 400 in the original population, and at the same time, the sperm of its spermatheca is injected into the germplasm bank in step S1 to complete the genetic resource update.