Region printing device capable of improving regional printing forming quality

Abstract

The invention discloses an area printing device capable of improving area printing forming quality. The area printing device comprises a forming chamber, a powder vibration suppression mechanism, a three-dimensional moving mechanism, a substrate and a multi-mode laser area printing mechanism. The three-dimensional moving mechanism is mounted on the inner side of the bottom wall of the forming chamber; wherein the powder vibration suppression mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a plurality of groups of multidirectional shock absorbers and a vibration suppression base; the mounting plate is fixed to the top end of the three-dimensional moving mechanism. The three-direction moving module is used for driving the mounting plate to move in a three-dimensional mode. The multiple sets of multidirectional shock absorbers are evenly arranged and fixed to the mounting plate, the vibration suppression base is fixed to the tops of the multiple sets of multidirectional vibrators, and the base plate is fixed to the top of the vibration suppression base. The multi-mode laser area printing mechanism is arranged above the forming chamber, and the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism is used for enabling laser to vertically enter a substrate through a light through hole of the forming chamber. The multi-mode laser beam is guaranteed to be perpendicular to the substrate all the time for printing, and the problems caused by light spot deformation are reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of area printing technology, and in particular to an area printing device capable of improving the quality of area printing. Background Art

[0002] Current area printing technology primarily utilizes a fixed substrate. The laser beam is deflected in real time based on the slice data, irradiating the print surface to form a printed area. However, during area printing, the laser beam strikes the print surface at a certain angle, rather than being perpendicular to the print surface at all times.

[0003] Studies have shown that when there is an angle between the laser beam and the printing format, the spot shape changes from circular to elliptical. The change from a circular laser spot to an elliptical spot will have the following effects: (1) uneven power density; (2) shallower molten pool depth and increased width-to-depth ratio; (3) larger front high-temperature zone; (4) increased thermal gradient and reduced solidification rate; (5) inconsistent performance between the central area and the surrounding area. Therefore, when there is an angle between the laser beam and the printing format, the actual printing effect will not match the theoretical printing effect, affecting the final quality of the printed part. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a regional printing device that can improve the quality of regional printing molding.

[0005] The present invention proposes a regional printing device capable of improving the quality of regional printing and molding, comprising: a molding chamber, a powder vibration suppression mechanism, a three-dimensional moving mechanism, a substrate, and a multi-mode laser regional printing mechanism;

[0006] The three-dimensional movement mechanism is mounted on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber; the powder vibration suppression mechanism includes a mounting plate, multiple sets of multi-directional shock absorbers, and a vibration suppression base; the mounting plate is fixed to the top of the three-dimensional movement mechanism, and the three-directional movement module is used to drive the mounting plate to move three-dimensionally; the multiple sets of multi-directional shock absorbers are evenly arranged and fixed to the mounting plate, the vibration suppression base is fixed to the top of the multiple sets of multi-directional vibrators, and the base plate is fixed to the top of the vibration suppression base;

[0007] The multi-mode laser area printing mechanism is arranged above the molding chamber, and is used for vertically incidenting the laser onto the substrate through the light hole of the molding chamber.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic damping layer is fixedly connected between the vibration suppression base and the substrate.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a powder-falling scraper and a scraper driving mechanism, the scraper driving mechanism is fixed on the inner side of the top wall of the molding chamber, the powder-falling scraper is installed on the scraper driving mechanism, and the scraper driving mechanism is used to drive the powder-falling scraper to move along the length or width direction of the substrate to spread powder onto the substrate.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the multi-directional shock absorbers is four, and the four groups of multi-directional shock absorbers are installed on the four corners of the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting plate is further provided with a first limiting frame for limiting the shaking of the substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the vibration suppression base includes a high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame and a honeycomb structure filled in the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism includes two multi-mode lasers and a galvanometer, the multi-mode lasers are used to output Gaussian beams or flat-top beams, and the galvanometer is used to vertically send the Gaussian beams or flat-top beams output by the two multi-mode lasers into the molding chamber through the light hole of the molding chamber to perform laser printing on the powder spread on the substrate.

[0014] Preferably, the incident position of the multi-mode laser on the galvanometer mirror is adjustable.

[0015] Preferably, the three-dimensional moving mechanism includes a Z-axis moving assembly, a Y-direction slide fixed platform, a Y-direction moving slide, an X-direction slide fixed platform, an X-direction moving slide, a Y-direction driving assembly and an X-direction driving assembly;

[0016] The Z-axis moving assembly is fixed inside the molding chamber, the Y-axis slide fixed platform is fixed on the top of the Z-axis moving assembly, and the Z-axis moving assembly is used to drive the Y-axis slide fixed platform to move along the Z-axis; the Y-axis moving slide is fixed to the Y-axis slide fixed platform along the Y-axis, the X-axis slide fixed platform is connected to the Y-axis moving slide in a sliding manner in the X-axis, the X-axis moving slide is fixed to the X-axis slide fixed platform along the X-axis, and the mounting plate is connected to the X-axis moving slide in a sliding manner in the X-axis;

[0017] The Y-direction drive assembly is connected to the X-direction slide rail fixed platform, and the Y-direction drive assembly is used to drive the X-direction slide rail fixed platform to slide along the Y-direction movable slide rail; the X-direction drive assembly is connected to the mounting plate, and the X-direction drive assembly is used to drive the mounting plate to slide along the X-direction movable slide rail.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a second limit frame, which is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber outside the Z-axis moving component, and the Y-axis slide rail fixing platform is slidably connected to the second limit frame along the Z-axis.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the multi-mode laser output mechanism respectively; the controller is used to control the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism to cooperate to achieve area printing.

[0020] In the present invention, a regional printing device that can improve the regional printing molding quality is proposed. The multi-mode laser regional printing mechanism uses the multi-mode laser to vertically incident on the substrate through the light hole of the molding chamber, and drives the substrate to move through the three-dimensional moving mechanism to realize the printing of the multi-mode laser at different positions of the substrate, ensuring that the multi-mode laser beam is always perpendicular to the substrate for printing, so as to minimize the problems caused by the deformation of the light spot; moreover, a powder vibration suppression mechanism is designed between the substrate and the three-dimensional moving module. The powder vibration suppression mechanism continuously absorbs external mechanical vibrations during the movement of the substrate, which can offset the vibrations generated during the movement of the three-dimensional moving mechanism to the maximum extent, and effectively improve the printing efficiency and molding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a regional printing device capable of improving regional printing quality in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the powder vibration suppression mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of different overlap rates of multi-mode laser beams in one embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) represents a 0% overlap rate, (b) represents a 20% overlap rate, and (c) represents a 60% overlap rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] First, refer to Figure 1 The present invention proposes a regional printing device capable of improving the quality of regional printing and molding, comprising: a molding chamber, a powder vibration suppression mechanism, a three-dimensional moving mechanism, a substrate 5 and a multi-mode laser regional printing mechanism;

[0026] The three-dimensional moving mechanism is installed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber;

[0027] The powder vibration suppression mechanism includes a mounting plate 10, multiple sets of multi-directional shock absorbers 11, and a vibration suppression base 12. The mounting plate 10 is fixed to the top of the three-dimensional movement mechanism, and the three-directional movement module is used to drive the mounting plate 10 to move three-dimensionally. The multiple sets of multi-directional shock absorbers 11 are evenly arranged and fixed on the mounting plate 10, the vibration suppression base 12 is fixed to the top of the multiple sets of multi-directional vibrators, and the base plate 5 is fixed to the top of the vibration suppression base 12.

[0028] The multi-mode laser area printing mechanism is arranged above the molding chamber, and is used to vertically incident the laser onto the substrate 5 through the light hole 4 of the molding chamber.

[0029] The present invention uses a multi-mode laser area printing mechanism to vertically incident the multi-mode laser onto the substrate 5 through the light hole 4 of the molding chamber, and drives the substrate 5 to move through the three-dimensional moving mechanism to realize the printing of the multi-mode laser at different positions of the substrate 5, ensuring that the multi-mode laser beam is always perpendicular to the substrate 5 for printing, so as to minimize the problems caused by the deformation of the light spot; moreover, a powder vibration suppression mechanism is designed between the substrate 5 and the three-dimensional moving module. The powder vibration suppression mechanism continuously absorbs external mechanical vibrations during the movement of the substrate 5, which can offset the vibrations generated during the movement of the three-dimensional moving mechanism to the maximum extent, and effectively improve the printing efficiency and forming quality.

[0030] What you need to know is, Figure 1 Only the top portion of the molding chamber and the light hole 4 appear.

[0031] In a further embodiment, an elastic damping layer 13 is fixedly connected between the vibration suppression base 12 and the substrate 5 .

[0032] This embodiment can further isolate high-frequency vibrations through the elastic damping layer 13, thereby further improving printing efficiency and forming quality.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, the number of the multi-directional shock absorbers 11 is four groups, and the four groups of multi-directional shock absorbers 11 are installed on the four corners of the mounting plate 10 to isolate vertical and horizontal vibrations.

[0034] In this embodiment, a first limit frame 6 is further provided on the mounting plate 10 for limiting the shaking of the substrate 5 to further prevent the substrate 5 from shaking while following the movement of the three-dimensional moving mechanism, thereby affecting the printing accuracy and quality.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the vibration suppression base 12 adopts a high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame, and the substrate 5 is fixed on the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame. The high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame is designed as a honeycomb structure, which reduces weight while increasing bending stiffness and can absorb external mechanical vibrations.

[0036] Specifically, threaded holes are provided on the four corners of the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame, and through holes are provided on the substrate 5 at positions corresponding to the threaded holes. Bolts pass through the through holes and are threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded holes to fix the substrate 5 on the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame.

[0037] In this embodiment, a powder-falling scraper and a scraper driving mechanism are also included. The scraper driving mechanism is fixed on the inner side of the top wall of the molding chamber, and the powder-falling scraper is installed on the scraper driving mechanism. The scraper driving mechanism is used to drive the powder-falling scraper to move along the length or width direction of the substrate 5 to spread powder onto the substrate 5.

[0038] This embodiment sets the installation position and operation mode of the scraper drive mechanism, so that the scraper drive mechanism can drive the powder-dropping scraper to spread powder onto the substrate 5 without affecting the movement of the substrate 5 driven by the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the transmission of the laser.

[0039] For example, the substrate 5 is located directly below the light hole 4 at the initial position. When the substrate 5 is in the initial position, the initial position of the powder scraper is located above one end of the substrate 5 in the longitudinal direction. The scraper drive mechanism drives the powder scraper to move at a constant speed along the longitudinal direction of the substrate 5 to complete a layer of powder laying. In this embodiment, the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism includes two multi-mode lasers and a galvanometer 3. The multi-mode lasers are used to output Gaussian beams or flat-top beams. The galvanometer 3 is used to vertically deliver the Gaussian beams or flat-top beams output by the two multi-mode lasers into the molding chamber through the light hole 4 of the molding chamber to perform laser printing on the powder laid on the substrate 5.

[0040] Specifically, the multimode laser in this embodiment has two output light modes: continuous light printing and pulsed light printing. Continuous light printing is used for printing large areas, while pulsed light printing is used for printing corners and incomplete printing areas, maximizing printing efficiency and quality.

[0041] At the same time, during the printing process, according to the different needs of the printing area, the multi-mode laser beam can achieve microsecond switching between 80μm Gaussian light and 240μm flat-top light, realizing the coordinated work of fast filling and fine filling.

[0042] In addition, the incident position of the multi-mode laser on the galvanometer 3 in this embodiment can be adjusted to achieve printing with different overlap rates of dual beams to meet the needs of different overlap rates of laser beams, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional moving mechanism includes a Z-axis moving component, a Y-direction slide rail fixed platform 1, a Y-direction moving slide rail 7, an X-direction slide rail fixed platform 8, an X-direction moving slide rail 9, a Y-direction driving component and an X-direction driving component;

[0044] The Z-axis moving assembly is fixed to the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber, and the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 is fixed to the top of the Z-axis moving assembly. The Z-axis moving assembly is used to drive the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 to move along the Z-axis; the Y-axis moving slide rail 7 is fixed to the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 in the Y direction, the X-axis slide rail fixed platform 8 is slidably connected to the Y-axis moving slide rail 7 in the X direction, the X-axis moving slide rail 9 is fixed to the X-axis slide rail fixed platform 8 in the X direction, and the mounting plate 10 is slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail 9 in the X direction;

[0045] The Y-direction drive assembly is connected to the X-direction slide rail fixed platform 8, and the Y-direction drive assembly is used to drive the X-direction slide rail fixed platform 8 to slide along the Y-direction movable slide rail 7; the X-direction drive assembly is connected to the mounting plate 10, and the X-direction drive assembly is used to drive the mounting plate 10 to slide along the X-direction movable slide rail 9.

[0046] This embodiment is configured in this way to achieve three-dimensional movement, thereby driving the movement of the substrate 5 and ensuring that the multi-mode laser beam is always perpendicular to the substrate 5 for printing.

[0047] It should be understood that the Y-axis drive assembly and the X-axis drive assembly in this embodiment are not shown, and existing linear drive assemblies can be used for driving, such as a cylinder drive assembly, a hydraulic cylinder drive assembly, an electric push rod, and a lead screw linear drive mechanism. Specifically, the Z-axis moving assembly is a Z-axis hydraulic assembly.

[0048] In a further embodiment, a second limit frame 2 is further included, which is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber outside the Z-axis moving component, and the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 is connected to the second limit frame 2 along the Z-axis, so that the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 slides along the Z-axis, effectively avoiding the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform 1 from offsetting during the movement along the Z-axis, thereby effectively improving the subsequent printing accuracy.

[0049] In this embodiment, a controller is also included, which is electrically connected to the Z-axis moving component, the Y-axis driving component, the X-axis driving component and the multi-mode laser output mechanism respectively; the controller is used to control the Z-axis moving component, the Y-axis driving component, the X-axis driving component and the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism to cooperate to achieve area printing.

[0050] Specifically, the controller is preset with a preset printing movement path and laser control parameters corresponding to the part to be molded; the controller controls the operation of the Z-axis moving component, the Y-axis drive component, and the X-axis drive component according to the preset printing movement path, and at the same time controls the operation of the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism according to the laser control parameters to achieve area printing of the part to be molded.

[0051] The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The laser control parameters in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1

[0055] Processing parameters Laser power Scan speed Scanning distance Spot diameter Setting value 320W 1200mm / s 0.12mm 70μm

[0056] This embodiment adopts the control variable method, keeps the processing parameters consistent, adopts single-pass printing, and only changes the parameter of the incident angle of the multi-mode laser beam to compare the effects of different incident angles on the forming quality.

[0057] Among them, group A: the laser beam is incident vertically (90°), and the spot is circular (diameter 70μm); group B: the laser beam is incident obliquely (45°), and the laser beam is deflected by the galvanometer 3, and the spot projection is an ellipse (major axis 99μm, minor axis 70μm).

[0058] The energy density of group A and group B is calculated:

[0059] Energy density of group A:

[0060] Group B: The projected spot area is enlarged to an ellipse (long axis 99 μm, short axis 70 μm), and the equivalent energy density is

[0061] The processing quality of group A and group B in this embodiment is shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2

[0063] parameter Group A Group B Rate of change surface roughness 7.2μm 14.5μm 101％ Porosity 0.4％ 1.8％ 350％ Microhardness <![CDATA[380HV 0.5 ]]> <![CDATA[310HV 0.5 ]]> -18.4％

[0064] The oblique incidence of group B resulted in a wide and shallow melt pool, making the surface waviness more pronounced during solidification. Furthermore, the insufficient energy density of group B led to a surge in unfused porosity, which in turn reduced microhardness. In summary, perpendicular laser beam incidence (i.e., 90°) achieves optimal forming quality, minimizing the impact of the non-perpendicularity between the laser beam and the print format on forming quality.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regional printing device capable of improving regional printing quality, characterized in that: include: A molding chamber, a powder vibration suppression mechanism, a three-dimensional moving mechanism, a substrate (5), and a multi-mode laser area printing mechanism; The three-dimensional moving mechanism is installed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber; wherein the powder vibration suppression mechanism includes a mounting plate (10), multiple groups of multi-directional shock absorbers (11) and a vibration suppression base (12); the mounting plate (10) is fixed on the top of the three-dimensional moving mechanism, and the three-directional moving module is used to drive the mounting plate (10) to move three-dimensionally; the multiple groups of multi-directional shock absorbers (11) are evenly arranged and fixed on the mounting plate (10), the vibration suppression base (12) is fixed on the top of the multiple groups of multi-directional vibrators, and the base plate (5) is fixed on the top of the vibration suppression base (12); The multi-mode laser area printing mechanism is arranged above the molding chamber and is used to vertically incident the laser onto the substrate (5) through the light hole (4) of the molding chamber.

2. The area printing device capable of improving the area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic damping layer (13) is fixedly connected between the vibration suppression base (12) and the substrate (5).

3. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mounting plate (10) is also provided with a first limiting frame (6) for limiting the shaking of the substrate (5).

4. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration suppression base (12) comprises a high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame and a honeycomb structure filled in the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame, and the base plate (5) is fixed on the high-rigidity aluminum alloy frame.

5. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a powder-dropping scraper and a scraper driving mechanism, wherein the scraper driving mechanism is fixed on the inner side of the top wall of the molding chamber, the powder-dropping scraper is mounted on the scraper driving mechanism, and the scraper driving mechanism is used to drive the powder-dropping scraper to move along the length or width direction of the substrate (5) to spread powder onto the substrate (5).

6. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-mode laser area printing mechanism includes two multi-mode lasers and a galvanometer (3); Multimode lasers are used to output Gaussian beams or flat-top beams; The galvanometer (3) is used to vertically deliver the Gaussian beams or flat-top beams output by the two multi-mode lasers into the molding chamber through the light hole (4) of the molding chamber to perform laser printing on the powder spread on the substrate (5).

7. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 6, characterized in that: The incident positions of the two multi-mode laser beams on the galvanometer mirror (3) are adjustable.

8. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis moving component, a Y-direction slide rail fixed platform (1), a Y-direction moving slide rail (7), an X-direction slide rail fixed platform (8), an X-direction moving slide rail 9, a Y-direction driving component and an X-direction driving component; The Z-axis moving assembly is fixed on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber, the Y-direction slide rail fixed platform (1) is fixed on the top of the Z-axis moving assembly, and the Z-axis moving assembly is used to drive the Y-direction slide rail fixed platform (1) to move along the Z-axis; the Y-direction moving slide rail (7) is fixed on the Y-direction slide rail fixed platform (1) along the Y-direction, the X-direction slide rail fixed platform (8) is connected to the Y-direction moving slide rail (7) in a sliding manner along the X-direction, the X-direction moving slide rail 9 is fixed on the X-direction slide rail fixed platform (8) in the X-direction, and the mounting plate (10) is connected to the X-direction moving slide rail 9 in a sliding manner along the X-direction; The Y-direction drive assembly is connected to the X-direction slide rail fixed platform (8), and the Y-direction drive assembly is used to drive the X-direction slide rail fixed platform (8) to slide along the Y-direction movable slide rail (7); the X-direction drive assembly is connected to the mounting plate (10), and the X-direction drive assembly is used to drive the mounting plate (10) to slide along the X-direction movable slide rail 9.

9. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a second limit frame (2), which is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom wall of the molding chamber outside the Z-axis moving component, and the Y-axis slide rail fixed platform (1) is slidably connected to the second limit frame (2) along the Z-axis.

10. The area printing device capable of improving area printing quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the multi-mode laser output mechanism respectively; the controller is used to control the three-dimensional moving mechanism and the multi-mode laser area printing mechanism to cooperate to achieve area printing.

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