Battery pack dismounting device, battery replacing device and electric vehicle
Through the design of the shaft and locking tongue of the locking mechanism, the time consumption and reliability problems in the existing battery pack replacement solution are solved, and the battery pack is quickly and reliably disassembled.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510833369.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
In the existing battery pack battery replacement solution, the screw locking solution is time-consuming and has low reliability, while the fast locking mechanism has poor reliability in ice and snow weather, resulting in the battery replacement mechanism being unable to work.
The locking mechanism is adopted to include a rotating shaft, a first locking tongue and a second locking tongue. The rotating shaft drives the locking tongue to extend or retract, thereby achieving engaging or releasing the positioning head, and simplifying the disassembly process of the battery pack.
It realizes rapid disassembly of the battery pack, the process is fast and time-saving, the structure is simple and reliable, and it adapts to various weather conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN120481592A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a battery pack disassembly device, a battery replacement device and an electric vehicle. Background Art
[0002] Battery swapping solutions have always held a niche in the pure electric vehicle market, meeting the demand for rapid recharging. While various battery pack swapping solutions exist on the market, they can be broadly categorized into two types: one involves securing the battery pack with screws, allowing replacement by simply removing and reinstalling the screws; the other involves developing a quick-locking mechanism that allows for installation and removal of the battery pack.
[0003] However, both of these battery swapping solutions have certain issues. The screw-locked battery swapping solution requires multiple turns of the screw to disassemble and assemble the screw, making the operation time-consuming. Furthermore, the need for precise control of the screw torque places high demands on the battery swapping mechanism, increasing the investment cost of battery swapping stations. Furthermore, repeated disassembly and assembly of the screws increases the risk of thread failure, so the reliability of the screw-locked battery swapping solution is also problematic. The main problem with the quick-locking mechanism is its reliability, especially in icy and snowy weather, where the mechanism can easily freeze and lose its function, often rendering the battery swapping mechanism inoperable. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack disassembly device, a battery replacement device and an electric vehicle, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing battery pack replacement solutions.
[0005] According to the first aspect of the present application, a battery pack disassembly device is provided, wherein the battery pack disassembly device includes a locking mechanism and a positioning head, the locking mechanism is fixed on the electrical equipment, and the positioning head is fixed on the battery pack; the locking mechanism includes an outer shell, a rotating shaft, a first locking tongue, a second locking tongue and a cover plate; the first locking tongue and the second locking tongue are both fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is connected to the interior of the outer shell; an opening communicating with the interior of the outer shell is provided on one side of the outer shell, the cover plate closes the opening, and is provided with a bar-shaped through hole for the first locking tongue and the second locking tongue to extend out; the rotating shaft can rotate along its own axis to drive parts of the first locking tongue and the second locking tongue to simultaneously extend out of the bar through hole or to simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell, so as to engage or release the positioning head through the first locking tongue and the second locking tongue.
[0006] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the rotating shaft, the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are a flange shaft with an integrated structure, and the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are both fan-shaped structures.
[0007] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the outer shell includes a first shell and a second shell, and the battery pack disassembly device also includes a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve; a first cavity is formed inside the first shell, the second shell is connected to the first shell, and a second cavity is formed inside the second shell, and the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are both arranged in the first cavity; the first top plate and the first bottom plate of the first shell are respectively provided with a first axial hole and a second axial hole connected to the first cavity, the rotating shaft is connected to the first axial hole through the first shaft sleeve, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second axial hole through the second shaft sleeve, and the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve are coaxially arranged; the second top plate of the second shell is provided with a third axial hole connecting the second cavity and the first cavity, and the second bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a fourth axial hole connecting the second cavity; the driving device can be transmitted and connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft through the fourth axial hole to drive the rotating shaft to rotate along its own axis.
[0008] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the first sleeve includes a first inner ring and a first outer ring arranged along the outer edge of the first inner ring, the first inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and arranged between the rotating shaft and the first top plate, and the first outer ring is arranged between the first top plate and the first locking tongue; the second sleeve includes a second inner ring and a second outer ring, the second inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and arranged between the rotating shaft and the first bottom plate, and the second outer ring is arranged between the first bottom plate and the second locking tongue.
[0009] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the battery pack disassembly device also includes an anti-rotation plate arranged in the second cavity; a clamping head is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the side wall of the clamping head is provided with two anti-rotation planes opposite to each other along the first direction, and the anti-rotation plate is provided with an anti-rotation through-hole adapted to the shape of the clamping head; the driving device can drive the anti-rotation plate to switch between the first position and the second position opposite to each other in the axial direction through the fourth axial hole, when the anti-rotation plate is in the first position, the clamping head is located in the anti-rotation through-hole, and when the anti-rotation plate is in the second position, the anti-rotation through-hole is disengaged from the clamping head, and the driving device can be connected to the clamping head in transmission to drive the rotating shaft to rotate along its own axis.
[0010] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the second cavity is openly arranged at one end of the second shell close to the first shell to form the third axial hole; the anti-rotation plate can slide along the inner wall of the second cavity, and the side wall of the anti-rotation plate is provided with two anti-rotation planes opposite to each other along the first direction, and the cross-sectional shape of the second cavity is adapted to the shape of the anti-rotation plate.
[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the battery pack disassembly device also includes a spring; the spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the spring is pressed between the first bottom plate and the anti-rotation plate.
[0012] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the positioning head includes a protrusion, and the rotating shaft can rotate along its own axis to drive the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue to engage or release the protrusion.
[0013] According to the second aspect of the present application, a battery pack replacement device is provided, comprising the battery pack disassembly device and the driving device as described above; the driving device comprises a shift fork and a driving mechanism, the shift fork comprises two clamping parts cooperating with the two anti-rotation planes, and the driving mechanism can drive the shift fork to move along the axial direction and to rotate along the axis; when the anti-rotation plate is converted from the first position to the second position, the two clamping parts of the shift fork push the anti-rotation plate and gradually clamp the clamping head, and when the anti-rotation plate is in the second position, the anti-rotation through hole disengages from the clamping head, and the two clamping parts of the shift fork clamp the clamping head to drive the rotating shaft to rotate 180° along its own axis.
[0014] According to a third aspect of the present application, an electric vehicle is provided, comprising the battery pack disassembly device as described above; the locking mechanism is fixed under the electric vehicle, and the positioning heads are fixed on both sides of the battery pack.
[0015] The battery pack disassembly device of the present application includes a locking mechanism and a positioning head. The locking mechanism is fixed to the electrical device, and the positioning head is fixed to the battery pack. The locking mechanism includes an outer shell, a rotating shaft, a first locking tongue, a second locking tongue, and a cover plate. The first locking tongue and the second locking tongue are both fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is connected to the interior of the outer shell. One side of the outer shell has an opening connected to the interior of the outer shell, and the cover plate closes the opening and has a strip-shaped through hole for the first and second locking tongues to extend out of the strip-shaped through hole. The rotating shaft can rotate along its own axis to drive portions of the first and second locking tongues to simultaneously extend out of the strip-shaped through hole or to simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell, so as to engage or release the positioning head through the first and second locking tongues.
[0016] According to the above technical features, the beneficial effects of this application are: The battery pack disassembly device of the present application includes a locking mechanism and a positioning head. The locking mechanism drives the first and second locking tongues to simultaneously extend out of the bar-shaped through-hole or simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell through the rotation of the rotating shaft, so as to engage or release the positioning head through the first and second locking tongues. That is, when the locking mechanism is in a closed state, the first and second locking tongues of the locking mechanism engage with the positioning head on the battery pack in a vertical direction, thereby fixing the positioning head in a vertical direction and forming an installation point for the battery pack. When the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the first and second locking tongues are driven by the rotation of the rotating shaft to retract into the interior of the outer shell and disengage from the positioning head. At this time, the battery pack is separated from the vehicle body.
[0017] Compared to existing battery replacement solutions, the battery pack disassembly device of this application only requires rotating the shaft to complete the disassembly process. The first and second locking tongues engage or release the positioning head to complete the battery pack disassembly, making the disassembly process quick and time-saving. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, and the moving part of the locking mechanism is fully enclosed by a cover plate, which provides high reliability.
[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the battery pack disassembly device in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 Show Figure 1 Side view of; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the locking mechanism of an embodiment of the present application in a locked state; Figure 4 Show Figure 3 sectional view of Figure 5 Show Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure after the cover is hidden; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the installation structure of the clamping head and the anti-rotation plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a flange shaft according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 8A schematic diagram showing the positions of the second housing, the clamping head, and the anti-rotation plate of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the battery pack disassembly device in a released state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the battery pack replacement device in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the battery pack replacement device in step 1 of an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 12 Show Figure 11 A partial structural enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 13 A structural principle diagram of the battery pack replacement device in step 2 of an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0021] Icon: 100-positioning head; 110-bump; 200-locking mechanism; 210-first shell; 211-base; 212-first top plate; 213-first bottom plate; 220-second shell; 221-second bottom plate; 222-fourth axial hole; 230-rotating shaft; 231-clamping head; S2-anti-rotation plane; 241-first locking tongue; 242-second locking tongue; 250-cover; 261-first shaft sleeve; 262-second shaft sleeve; 270-anti-rotation plate; S1-anti-rotation plane; 280-spring; 300-shift fork; 310-clamping part; X-first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following detailed description is provided to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to the order set forth herein. Rather, except for operations that must occur in a particular order, changes may be made that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for clarity and brevity.
[0023] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways to implement the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.
[0024] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” “over,” or “overlaying” another element, it may be directly “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” “over,” or “overlaying” another element, or one or more other elements may be present between them. In contrast, when an element is described as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” “directly coupled to,” “directly over,” or “directly covering” another element, there may be no other elements present between them.
[0025] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more items.
[0026] Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer, or portion in the examples described herein may also be referred to as a second member, component, region, layer, or portion without departing from the teachings of the examples.
[0027] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above," "upper," "below," and "lower" may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element to another element as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, an element described as being "above" or "upper" relative to another element would subsequently be located "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above" encompasses both the orientations of "above" and "below," depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.
[0028] The terms used herein are intended only to describe various examples and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural. The terms "comprise," "include," and "have" list the presence of stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.
[0029] Due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, variations in the shapes shown in the drawings may occur. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the drawings but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacturing.
[0030] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. In addition, although the examples described herein have various configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.
[0031] The first aspect of the present application provides a battery pack disassembly device, thereby solving the above technical problems existing in the existing battery pack replacement solution. Figures 1 to 9 A battery pack disassembly device according to some embodiments of the present application is described.
[0032] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, the battery pack disassembly device of the present application includes a locking mechanism 200 and a positioning head 100, wherein the locking mechanism 200 is fixed on the electrical equipment, and the positioning head 100 is fixed on the battery pack. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the locking mechanism 200 includes an outer shell, a rotating shaft 230, a first locking tongue 241, a second locking tongue 242, and a cover plate 250. The first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 are both fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft 230 and spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 230. The rotating shaft 230 is connected to the interior of the outer shell, and an opening is formed on one side of the outer shell to communicate with the interior of the outer shell. The cover plate 250 closes the opening and has a strip-shaped through hole for the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 to extend out of. The rotating shaft 230 can rotate along its own axis to drive portions of the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 to simultaneously extend out of the strip through hole or to simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell, thereby engaging or releasing the positioning head 100 through the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242.
[0033] That is, the battery pack disassembly device of the present application includes a locking mechanism 200 and a positioning head 100. The locking mechanism 200 drives the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 to simultaneously extend out of the bar-shaped through-hole or simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell through the rotation of the rotating shaft 230, so as to engage or release the positioning head 100 through the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242. That is, when the locking mechanism 200 is in the closed state, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the locking mechanism 200 engage with the positioning head 100 on the battery pack in the vertical direction, thereby fixing the positioning head 100 in the vertical direction and forming an installation point for the battery pack. When the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 are retracted into the interior of the outer shell under the drive of the rotation of the rotating shaft 230, and disengage from the positioning head 100. At this time, the battery pack is separated from the vehicle body.
[0034] Compared to existing battery replacement solutions, the battery pack disassembly device of this application only requires rotating the shaft 230 to complete the disassembly and assembly process. The first and second locking tongues 241 and 242 engage or release the positioning head 100 to complete the battery pack disassembly, making the disassembly process quick and time-saving. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, and the moving part of the locking mechanism 200 is fully enclosed by the cover plate 250, which provides high reliability.
[0035] Preferably, in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the rotating shaft 230 and the stability of the movement, the battery pack disassembly device also includes a first shaft sleeve 261 and a second shaft sleeve 262, and the outer shell includes a first shell 210 and a second shell 220. Among them, a first cavity is formed inside the first shell 210, the second shell 220 is connected to the first shell 210, and a second cavity is formed inside the second shell 220, and the first lock tongue 241 and the second lock tongue 242 are both arranged in the first cavity. The first top plate 212 and the first bottom plate 213 of the first shell 210 are respectively provided with a first axial hole and a second axial hole connected to the first cavity. The rotating shaft 230 is connected to the first axial hole through the first shaft sleeve 261, and the rotating shaft 230 is connected to the second axial hole through the second shaft sleeve 262. The first shaft sleeve 261 and the second shaft sleeve 262 are coaxially arranged. The second top plate of the second shell 220 is provided with a third axial hole connecting the second cavity and the first cavity, and the second bottom plate 221 of the second shell 220 is provided with a fourth axial hole 222 connecting the second cavity; the external driving device can pass through the fourth axial hole 222 and be connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 230 to drive the rotating shaft 230 to rotate along its own axis.
[0036] During specific assembly, in the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the base 211 of the first shell 210 is fixed to the vehicle body; a first top plate 212 is provided above the base 211, and the two are screwed together with a certain positional accuracy; a first bottom plate 213 is provided below the base 211, and the two are screwed together with a certain positional accuracy. One side of the first shell 210 and the second shell 220 are respectively provided with openings that communicate with the first cavity and the second cavity, and a cover plate 250 is provided on the opening side to isolate the internal moving mechanism from the environment and play a sealing role. A first shaft sleeve 261 is installed on the first top plate 212, and the two are connected by a hole-shaft tight fit; a second shaft sleeve 262 is installed below the first bottom plate 213, and the two are connected by a hole-shaft tight fit.
[0037] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the first sleeve 261 includes a first inner ring and a first outer ring arranged along the outer edge of the first inner ring. The first inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 230 and is arranged between the rotating shaft 230 and the first top plate 212, while the first outer ring is arranged between the first top plate 212 and the first locking tongue 241. The second sleeve 262 includes a second inner ring and a second outer ring. The second inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 230 and is arranged between the rotating shaft 230 and the first bottom plate 213, while the second outer ring is arranged between the first bottom plate 213 and the second locking tongue 242. In this arrangement, the rotating shaft 230 is coaxial with the first sleeve 261 and the second sleeve 262, and is axially fixed.
[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, for ease of processing and installation, the rotating shaft 230, the first locking tongue 241, and the second locking tongue 242 of the present application are integrated into a flange shaft. The first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 are both fan-shaped structures, and a stepped shoulder is formed at the top of the flange shaft. The first outer ring of the first sleeve 261 is disposed between the first top plate 212 and the shoulder. With this arrangement, the flange shaft is coaxial with the first sleeve 261 and the second sleeve 262, and axial fixation is achieved by the shoulder and the sleeve being in contact.
[0039] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the flange shaft is as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the flange shaft are fan-shaped, and the fan-shaped angle is 190 degrees, slightly larger than 180 degrees. Such a setting is used to achieve the sealing of the interior of the cavity with the cover plate 250 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the external driving device to drive the flange shaft to rotate. In this way, the external driving device drives the rotating shaft 230 to rotate 180° along its own axis to drive the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 to extend out of the strip through hole at the same time or to be retracted into the interior of the outer shell at the same time, so as to engage or release the positioning head 100 through the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242.
[0040] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a symmetrical plane is provided at the bottom of the flange shaft for cooperating with the anti-rotation plate 270 and the shift fork 300 of the external drive device to ensure the locking stability of the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the flange shaft when engaging the positioning head 100.
[0041] As an example, Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the battery pack disassembly device of the present application also includes an anti-rotation plate 270 disposed within the second cavity. A clamping head 231 is provided at the bottom end of the flange shaft (rotating shaft 230). The sidewalls of the clamping head 231 are provided with two anti-rotation flat surfaces S2 that oppose each other along a first direction X. The anti-rotation plate 270 is provided with an anti-rotation through-hole that matches the shape of the clamping head 231. Specifically, the inner wall of the anti-rotation through-hole is provided with two flat surfaces that mate with the two anti-rotation flat surfaces S2. This arrangement ensures that when the clamping head 231 is located within the anti-rotation through-hole, the rotating shaft 230 is prevented from rotating, thereby ensuring that the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the rotating shaft 230 are securely locked when engaged with the positioning head 100.
[0042] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the driving device can drive the anti-rotation plate 270 to switch between a first position and a second position axially relative to each other through the fourth axial hole 222. When the anti-rotation plate 270 is in the first position, the clamping head 231 is located in the anti-rotation through hole. When the anti-rotation plate 270 is in the second position, the anti-rotation through hole is separated from the clamping head 231. At this time, the driving device can be connected to the clamping head 231 to drive the rotating shaft 230 to rotate along its own axis.
[0043] As an example, Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, the driving device includes a fork 300 and a driving mechanism. The fork 300 includes two clamping parts 310 that cooperate with two anti-rotation planes S2. The driving mechanism can drive the fork 300 to move axially and rotate along the axis. Figure 10 As shown, when the anti-rotation plate 270 is in the first position, the clamping head 231 is located in the anti-rotation through hole. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the anti-rotation plate 270 is switched from the first position to the second position, the two clamping parts 310 of the shift fork 300 push the anti-rotation plate 270 and gradually clamp the clamping head 231. Figure 13 As shown, when the anti-rotation plate 270 is in the second position, the anti-rotation through hole is separated from the clamping head 231, and the two clamping parts 310 of the shift fork 300 clamp the clamping head 231 to drive the rotating shaft 230 to rotate 180 degrees along its own axis.
[0044] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the second cavity is opened at one end of the second shell 220 close to the first shell 210 to form a third axial hole. In other words, the cross section of the third axial hole opened on the second top plate of the second shell 220 is the same as the cross section of the second cavity. Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the drive mechanism can drive the anti-rotation plate 270 to slide along the inner wall of the second cavity. The sidewall of the anti-rotation plate 270 is provided with two anti-rotation flat surfaces S1 that oppose each other along the first direction X. The cross-sectional shape of the second cavity is adapted to the shape of the anti-rotation plate 270, that is, the inner wall of the second cavity is provided with two flat surfaces that mate with the two anti-rotation flat surfaces S1. This arrangement ensures that when the anti-rotation plate 270 is in the second position, when the shift fork 300 drives the rotating shaft 230 to rotate, the anti-rotation plate 270 is prevented from rotating.
[0045] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery pack disassembly device of the present application also includes a spring 280, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 230 and press-fitted between the first bottom plate 213 and the anti-rotation plate 270. The lower portion of the rotating shaft 230 is coaxially engaged with the anti-rotation plate 270. The upper portion of the spring 280 contacts the first bottom plate 213, and the lower portion contacts the anti-rotation plate 270, pressing the anti-rotation plate 270 against the bottom of the second housing 220. This arrangement ensures the stability of the anti-rotation plate 270 as it rises and falls along the second cavity.
[0046] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery pack replacement device, including the battery pack disassembly device and the driving device as described above. Figures 10 to 13 , describing the battery replacement process of the battery pack replacement device of this application.
[0047] like Figure 10 As shown, when the clamping head 231 is located in the anti-rotation through hole of the anti-rotation plate 270, the locking mechanism 200 is in a locked state. At this time, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 are partially extended out of the strip-shaped through hole of the first shell 210 and engage the positioning head 100. As an example, Figure 2 As shown, the positioning head 100 includes a protrusion 110, and the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 simultaneously engage with the protrusion 110 up and down to achieve locking and fixing.
[0048] When the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the locking mechanism 200 needs to be adjusted to the release state. The first step is step 1. Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the shift fork 300 of the driving device rises and lifts the anti-rotation plate 270. At this time, the spring 280 is compressed, and the anti-rotation plate 270 is disengaged from the clamping head 231 of the rotating shaft 230. At the same time, the U-shaped structure on the top of the shift fork 300 gradually clamps the clamping head 231, forming a match with the symmetrical anti-rotation plane S2 of the clamping head 231.
[0049] After the shift fork 300 is lifted into place, start step 2, such as Figure 13 As shown, the anti-rotation through hole is disengaged from the clamping head 231, and after the two clamping parts 310 of the fork 300 are clamped, the fork 300 rotates 180 degrees, driving the rotating shaft 230 to rotate 180 degrees, and the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 on the rotating shaft 230 rotate to the inside of the first shell 210, disengaging from the positioning head 100, and the battery pack is separated from the vehicle body.
[0050] After the battery replacement is completed, the new battery pack arrives at the installation position, the fork 300 rotates 180 degrees and descends to disengage from the rotating shaft 230, and the anti-rotation plate 270 moves downward under the pressure of the spring 280 and re-engages with the clamping head 231 of the rotating shaft 230 to prevent the rotating shaft 230 from rotating, thereby realizing self-locking of the locking mechanism 200.
[0051] In summary, the battery pack disassembly device of the present application includes a locking mechanism 200 and a positioning head 100. The locking mechanism 200 is driven and rotated by a driving device to drive the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 to simultaneously extend out of the bar-shaped through-hole or simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell, so as to engage or release the positioning head 100 through the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242. That is, when the locking mechanism 200 is in the closed state, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the locking mechanism 200 engage with the positioning head 100 on the battery pack in the vertical direction, thereby fixing the positioning head 100 in the vertical direction and forming an installation point for the battery pack. Generally, one battery pack can use 6 sets of fixing points. When the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 are driven by the rotation of the rotating shaft 230 itself to retract into the interior of the outer shell and disengage from the positioning head 100. At this time, the battery pack is separated from the vehicle body.
[0052] Compared to existing battery replacement solutions, the battery pack disassembly device of this application only requires rotating the shaft 230 to complete the disassembly and assembly process. The first and second locking tongues 241 and 242 engage or release the positioning head 100 to complete the battery pack disassembly, making the disassembly process quick and time-saving. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, and the moving part of the locking mechanism 200 is fully enclosed by the cover plate 250, which provides high reliability.
[0053] On this basis, the locking mechanism 200 of this application measures only 50*60*70 mm, offering a compact structure and strong usability. Furthermore, assembly and disassembly requires only a half-turn (180 degrees), making disassembly quick and time-saving. Furthermore, the device features a simple structure and fully enclosed moving parts, ensuring high reliability.
[0054] A third aspect of the present application provides an electric vehicle comprising the battery pack removal device described above, wherein a locking mechanism 200 is fixed to the bottom of the electric vehicle, and a positioning head 100 is fixed to both sides of the battery pack. In the closed state, the first locking tongue 241 and the second locking tongue 242 of the locking mechanism 200 engage with the protrusion 110 of the positioning head 100 to secure the positioning head 100 in the vertical direction.
[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that any technician familiar with this technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A battery pack disassembly device, characterized in that: The battery pack disassembly device includes a locking mechanism and a positioning head, wherein the locking mechanism is fixed to the electrical device, and the positioning head is fixed to the battery pack; the locking mechanism includes an outer shell, a rotating shaft, a first locking tongue, a second locking tongue, and a cover plate; The first locking tongue and the second locking tongue are both fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is connected to the interior of the outer shell; An opening communicating with the interior of the outer shell is formed on one side of the outer shell, the cover plate closes the opening and is provided with a strip-shaped through hole for the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue to extend out; The rotating shaft can rotate along its own axis to drive parts of the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue to simultaneously extend out of the bar-shaped through hole or simultaneously retract into the interior of the outer shell, so as to engage or release the positioning head through the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue.
2. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft, the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are a flange shaft with an integrated structure, and the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are both fan-shaped structures.
3. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer shell includes a first shell and a second shell, and the battery pack disassembly device also includes a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve; A first cavity is formed inside the first shell, the second shell is connected to the first shell, and a second cavity is formed inside the second shell, and the first lock tongue and the second lock tongue are both arranged in the first cavity; The first top plate and the first bottom plate of the first housing are respectively provided with a first axial hole and a second axial hole communicating with the first cavity, the rotating shaft is connected to the first axial hole through the first shaft sleeve, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second axial hole through the second shaft sleeve, and the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve are coaxially arranged; The second top plate of the second shell is provided with a third axial hole communicating with the second cavity and the first cavity, and the second bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a fourth axial hole communicating with the second cavity; The driving device can pass through the fourth shaft hole and be transmission-connected with the bottom end of the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate along its own axis.
4. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first sleeve includes a first inner ring and a first outer ring arranged along the outer edge of the first inner ring, the first inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and arranged between the rotating shaft and the first top plate, and the first outer ring is arranged between the first top plate and the first locking tongue; The second sleeve includes a second inner ring and a second outer ring. The second inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and arranged between the rotating shaft and the first bottom plate. The second outer ring is arranged between the first bottom plate and the second locking tongue.
5. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery pack disassembly device further includes an anti-rotation plate disposed in the second cavity; The bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a clamping head, the side wall of the clamping head is provided with two anti-rotation planes opposite to each other along a first direction, and the anti-rotation plate is provided with an anti-rotation through hole adapted to the shape of the clamping head; The driving device can drive the anti-rotation plate to switch between a first position and a second position relative to each other in the axial direction through the fourth axial hole. When the anti-rotation plate is in the first position, the clamping head is located in the anti-rotation through hole. When the anti-rotation plate is in the second position, the anti-rotation through hole is disengaged from the clamping head, and the driving device can be connected to the clamping head in a transmission manner to drive the rotating shaft to rotate along its own axis.
6. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second cavity is openly provided at one end of the second shell body close to the first shell body to form the third axial hole; The anti-rotation plate can slide along the inner wall of the second cavity. The side wall of the anti-rotation plate is provided with two anti-rotation planes opposite to each other along the first direction. The cross-sectional shape of the second cavity is adapted to the shape of the anti-rotation plate.
7. The battery pack disassembly device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery pack disassembly device further includes a spring; The spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the spring is press-fitted between the first bottom plate and the anti-rotation plate.
8. The battery pack disassembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The positioning head includes a protrusion, and the rotating shaft can rotate along its own axis to drive the first locking tongue and the second locking tongue to engage with or release the protrusion.
9. A battery pack replacement device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack disassembly device and the driving device according to any one of claims 5 to 7; The driving device includes a shift fork and a driving mechanism, the shift fork includes two clamping parts that cooperate with the two anti-rotation planes, and the driving mechanism can drive the shift fork to move along the axial direction and to rotate along the axis; When the anti-rotation plate is transformed from the first position to the second position, the two clamping parts of the shift fork push the anti-rotation plate and gradually clamp the clamping head. When the anti-rotation plate is in the second position, the anti-rotation through hole is disengaged from the clamping head, and the two clamping parts of the shift fork clamp the clamping head to drive the rotating shaft to rotate 180° along its own axis.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: A battery pack disassembly device comprising any one of claims 1 to 8; The locking mechanism is fixed under the electric vehicle, and the positioning heads are fixed on both sides of the battery pack.