Ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomizing ring

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on an ultrasonic oscillation atomizing ring. The ammonia water packed tower comprises an upper tower body, a rectifying section, a stripping section and a lower tower body, the top of the upper tower body is provided with a steam outlet, the side surface of the upper tower body is provided with a reflux inlet, and the upper tower body is internally provided with a liquid separation tank, a rectangular gas raising cylinder and a liquid distribution bottom plate; the rectifying section comprises a filler consisting of oscillating atomization rings and a filler supporting plate; the stripping section comprises a concentrated solution inlet, a filler consisting of oscillating atomization rings and a filler supporting plate; the lower tower body comprises a dilute solution outlet in the bottom and a steam inlet in the side surface of the lower tower body. The high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer can greatly increase the gas-liquid contact area and improve the liquid distribution characteristic, and the medium-low frequency ultrasonic oscillation can enhance the internal disturbance of the solution and strengthen heat and mass transfer. According to the invention, the heat transfer and component migration efficiency can be improved in a limited space, the ammonia rectification purity and the transfer mass are improved, the system performance is improved, and the miniaturization of rectification equipment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a packed tower applied to an ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump system, which mainly enhances the heat and mass transfer in a distillation process by using ultrasonic atomization and ultrasonic oscillation technologies. Background Art

[0002] The ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump cycle not only effectively utilizes low-grade heat (such as solar energy, industrial waste heat, etc.) to obtain cooling capacity, but also uses environmentally friendly refrigerant ammonia and absorbent water. Depending on the heat source and energy demand, it can produce high-grade cold energy below -30°C or heat and improve the quality of low-temperature heat, thus achieving efficient utilization of low-grade energy. Because the standard boiling points of ammonia and water are not much different, the steam generated by the boiling ammonia solution in the generator contains a high content of water components. In order to avoid the adverse effects of water components accumulating in the evaporator, which would lead to a decrease in the system coefficient of performance (COP) and cooling / heating capacity, distillation must be used to effectively separate the mixed steam generated in the generator.

[0003] Packed distillation towers are not only widely used in the chemical industry, but also effectively purify the ammonia component from the mixed vapor produced by the generator in ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump systems. A concentrated solution enters the tower through the concentrated solution inlet in the middle of the tower body, flows downward along the stripping section, and exchanges heat and mass with the high-temperature rising vapor from the generator, producing a dilute solution. This solution then enters the generator through the dilute solution outlet. After exchanging heat and mass in the stripping section, the rising vapor ascends into the rectifying section. Heat is transferred from the high-temperature vapor to the low-temperature solution, causing ammonia and water to continuously migrate toward each other, a process known as rectification, ultimately resulting in the purification of the ammonia component at the tower's top outlet.

[0004] Practice has proven that the performance of ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump cycles improves with increasing the purity of the distilled ammonia. To obtain high-purity ammonia vapor at the top of the tower, increasing the packing height can, on the one hand, increase the gas-liquid heat and mass exchange area and contact time to meet distillation requirements, but this results in bulkier equipment and increased costs. Alternatively, increasing the packing density can increase the mass transfer area, but this increases the rising vapor pressure drop within the tower, disrupting the normal gas-liquid flow and resulting in increased operating energy consumption. In severe cases, this can cause flooding, impacting the normal operation of the distillation tower. Therefore, it is essential to improve existing distillation methods to enhance the efficiency of heat transfer and component migration within a limited space, thereby increasing ammonia distillation purity and mass transfer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical problem: The present invention provides an ammonia packed tower based on an ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring to improve the heat and mass transfer performance. The ultrasonic oscillation and atomization synergistic scheme is used to enhance the heat and mass transfer effect, expand the mass transfer area, improve the solution mass transfer coefficient and the driving force of gas-liquid mass transfer, and improve the purity of the ammonia vapor at the outlet of the distillation tower, thereby improving the performance coefficient of the ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump system and realizing the miniaturization of the distillation equipment.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an ammonia packed tower with improved heat and mass transfer performance based on an ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring, which is used to purify the ammonia component in the mixed vapor generated by the generator in the ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump system: the ammonia packed tower is provided with an upper tower body, a distillation section, a stripping section, and a lower tower body in order from top to bottom;

[0007] The top of the upper tower body is provided with a steam outlet, and the side of the upper tower body is provided with a reflux liquid inlet. An external condensing device for condensing steam is connected between the steam outlet and the reflux liquid inlet; a liquid separation tank, a rectangular air riser and a liquid distribution bottom plate are installed inside the upper tower body;

[0008] The rectifying section includes a packing composed of an oscillating atomizing ring and a packing support plate. The packing support plate is located at the bottom of the rectifying section and is used to fix the packing above.

[0009] The stripping section includes a concentrated solution inlet, a packing composed of an oscillating atomizing ring, and a packing support plate. The packing support plate is located at the bottom of the stripping section and is used to fix the packing above.

[0010] The lower tower body comprises a dilute solution outlet at the bottom and a steam inlet at the side of the lower tower body.

[0011] The packing is a packing ring formed by combining an annular medium- and low-frequency ultrasonic oscillator, a strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer and a ball ring into one body; the annular medium- and low-frequency ultrasonic oscillator is fixed to the middle of the ball ring, and the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer is fixed to the inner and outer surfaces of the upper and lower halves of the ball ring and is symmetrical to the axis respectively, and the positions of the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizers in the upper and lower halves on the circumference differ by 90 degrees respectively.

[0012] The ball ring is a tubular ring, and windows and window leaves are respectively provided on the side walls of the upper half and the lower half of the ring.

[0013] The ball ring is made of metal, ceramic or plastic.

[0014] The frequency of the annular medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator is between 20 and 100 kHz.

[0015] The frequency of the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer is 1-2 MHz.

[0016] The distillation section has multiple layers of packing, and each layer of packing is arranged with an oscillating atomization ring. The arrangement of the packing in the distillation section is as follows: the axial direction of the oscillating atomization ring of the first layer is perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower, the axial direction of the oscillating atomization ring of the second layer is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the packing layers of the distillation section after the third layer is carried out in a cycle according to the above method.

[0017] The stripping section has multiple layers of packing, and each layer of packing is arranged with an oscillating atomization ring. The arrangement of the packing layers in the stripping section is as follows: the axial direction of the oscillating atomization ring of the first layer is perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower, the axial direction of the oscillating atomization ring of the second layer is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the packing layers in the stripping section after the third layer is carried out in a cycle according to the above method.

[0018] The distillation method of the ammonia water packed tower based on the ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring to improve the heat and mass transfer performance of the present invention is as follows: the condensate enters the liquid separation tank through the reflux liquid inlet, the reflux liquid flows from the liquid separation tank to the liquid distribution bottom plate, and then flows evenly from the overflow hole on the liquid distribution bottom plate to the oscillation atomization ring of the distillation section; the reflux liquid at this time is an ammonia-rich and low-temperature solution, which flows downward in a film-like manner along the surface of the packing in the distillation section, contacts with the high-temperature rising steam from the ammonia-poor bottom of the tower, and generates heat and mass transfer between the gas and the liquid; the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer on the surface of the packing will flow through the surface The solution is atomized into fine droplets and dispersed in the gaps between the packings, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the liquid distribution characteristics; the ring-shaped medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator directly acts on the surface of the packing to drop the solution, and by adding an external force field to enhance the internal disturbance of the solution, promote the migration of ammonia and water components in the liquid film, and increase the concentration of ammonia components on the surface of the solution. The high-purity ammonia vapor after distillation enters the upper tower through the rectangular riser, enters the external condenser from the vapor outlet at the top of the tower, and is condensed into liquid. Part of the condensate enters the liquid separation tank from the reflux liquid inlet;

[0019] In the stripping section, the concentrated solution of the packed tower enters the liquid separation tank from the concentrated solution inlet, then flows into the liquid distribution bottom plate, mixes with the descending solution from the top of the tower, and is evenly distributed to the oscillating atomization ring in the stripping section through the overflow holes on the liquid distribution bottom plate. Under the synergistic action of the annular medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator and the strip high frequency ultrasonic atomizer, the heat and mass transfer between the gas and liquid in the stripping section is enhanced, and the dilute solution after heat and mass exchange flows into the external generator through the dilute solution outlet at the bottom of the packed tower; the steam generated during the heating process of the generator enters the stripping section through the steam inlet on the side of the bottom of the packed tower.

[0020] The oscillating atomization ring uses an ultrasonic controller group to control the power, frequency and phase of the ring-shaped medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator and the strip-shaped high frequency ultrasonic atomizer.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The high-frequency ultrasonic waves in the megahertz spectrum emitted by the atomizer of this invention promote surface renewal, generating localized eddies and causing interfacial turbulence. The solution on the atomizer surface gains energy and forms micron-sized droplets. The resulting atomized droplets disperse within the gaps between the packing, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving liquid distribution characteristics.

[0023] 2. On the one hand, the ultrasonic oscillator in the present invention can cause internal disturbances in the fluid through cavitation effect and mechanical effect, reduce the thickness of the boundary layer, promote mass transfer within the solution, and also promote heat and mass transfer between gas and liquid, thereby improving the efficiency of heat and mass transfer; on the other hand, ultrasonic oscillation can also weaken the activation energy and intermolecular forces of the solution molecules, thereby reducing the viscosity and surface tension of the solution and reducing the mass transfer resistance at the phase interface.

[0024] 3. The present invention proposes combining a multi-frequency ultrasonic oscillator, an atomizer, and a Pall ring into an integrated packing ring. An ultrasonic controller is used to control the oscillator parameters (power, frequency, and phase of the ultrasonic oscillator and atomizer). The phase difference is controlled by setting the oscillation start time using a single-chip microcomputer. The cables entering the distillation tower are sealed and protected with epoxy resin. Based on the spatiotemporal variations in solution parameters during the distillation process, the ultrasonic controller can be used to specifically adjust the oscillator parameters, achieving synergistic enhancement of heat and mass transfer through the coupling of ultrasonic oscillation and atomization, thereby more efficiently improving the distillation performance of the packed tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oscillating atomizing ring of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A top view of the oscillating atomizing ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid distributor of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of the liquid distributor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 AA cross-section in the distillation section;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram in the distillation section;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 1 CC cross-section diagram in the stripping section;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 1 DD cross-section diagram in the distillation section.

[0034] The figure shows: steam outlet 101, reflux liquid inlet 102, concentrated solution inlet 103, steam inlet 104, dilute solution outlet 105; oscillating atomizing ring 2, Pall ring 201, annular medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202, strip high frequency ultrasonic atomizer 203; liquid separation tank 301, rectangular air riser 302, liquid distribution bottom plate 303, overflow hole 304; filler support plate 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention made by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0036] The present invention adopts an oscillating atomizing ring as filler and utilizes multi-frequency ultrasound to improve heat and mass transfer performance. The heat and mass transfer performance in the ammonia distillation process is improved based on ultrasonic oscillation technology and ultrasonic atomization technology.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the packed tower of the present invention includes an upper tower body, a distillation section, a stripping section and a lower tower body; it includes a steam outlet 101, a reflux liquid inlet 102, a concentrated solution inlet 103, a steam inlet 104, a dilute solution outlet 105, an oscillating atomization ring 2, a Pall ring 201, a ring ultrasonic oscillator 202, a strip ultrasonic atomizer 203, a liquid separation tank 301, a rectangular air riser 302, a liquid distribution bottom plate 303, an overflow hole 304, and a packing support plate 4.

[0038] The top of the upper tower body is a steam outlet 101, and the side is a reflux liquid inlet 102. Part of the condensate enters the liquid separation tank 301 through the reflux liquid inlet 102, then flows into the liquid distribution bottom plate 303, and then flows evenly to the filler in the distillation section from the overflow hole 304 of the bottom plate; the steam in the distillation section enters the upper tower body from the rectangular riser 302, and then enters the condenser from the steam outlet 101.

[0039] The distillation section is packed with an oscillating atomizer ring 2, and a packing support plate 4 at the bottom for securing the packing. The oscillating atomizer ring 2 is an integrated packing ring designed by combining a multi-frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202, an atomizer 203, and a Pall ring 201. The solution flows downward along the packing surface, where it is atomized by the atomizer 203 on the packing surface into fine droplets that are dispersed in the gaps between the packing, increasing the contact area between the gas and the liquid. The ultrasonic oscillator 202 acts directly on the packing surface to descend the solution, enhancing internal disturbances in the solution, promoting the migration of ammonia and water components within the liquid film, and improving the mass transfer capacity between the gas and the liquid.

[0040] The stripping section also uses an oscillating atomizing ring 2 as packing, with a packing support plate 4 at the bottom to secure the packing. A concentrated solution inlet 103 is located on the side of the tower, below the packing support plate 4 at the bottom of the rectifying section. The concentrated solution enters the liquid separation tank through this inlet, then flows into the liquid distribution plate. Together with the descending solution, it flows evenly through overflow holes into the packing, where it comes into contact with the rising, high-temperature, ammonia-depleted vapor from the tower bottom. The synergistic effects of ultrasonic oscillation and atomization enhance heat and mass transfer between the gas and liquid in the stripping section.

[0041] The bottom of the lower tower body is the dilute solution outlet 105, and the side is the steam inlet 104. The dilute solution after heat and mass exchange in the dilute solution section flows into the generator through the dilute solution outlet 105, and the steam generated by the heated solution in the generator enters the stripping section through the steam inlet 104.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the ring-shaped medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202 is welded in the middle of the ball ring 201, and the strip-shaped high frequency ultrasonic atomizer 203 is welded to the inner and outer surfaces of the upper and lower halves of the ball ring 201 and is symmetrical to the axis. The positions of the strip-shaped high frequency ultrasonic atomizers 203 in the upper and lower halves on the circumference differ by 90 degrees. Figure 3 As shown, the line connecting the centers of gravity of the two strip-shaped atomizers 203 above the oscillator 202 and the line connecting the centers of gravity of the two strip-shaped atomizers 203 below are perpendicular to each other and pass through the center of the circle; the frequency of the medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202 is 20 to 100 kHz, the frequency of the high frequency ultrasonic atomizer 203 is 1 to 2 MHz, and the power of the oscillator 202 and the atomizer 203 are both 0 to 100 W.

[0043] As an implementation method, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rectangular air cylinders 302 in the liquid distributor are arranged in four parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals on the liquid distribution bottom plate 303. The liquid separation tank 301 is placed above the rectangular air cylinders 302 and is perpendicular to the rectangular air cylinders 302.

[0044] As an embodiment, the arrangement of the packing in the rectification section can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the first layer of oscillating atomizing ring 2 is axially perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower; Figure 7 As shown, the axial direction of the second layer of oscillating atomizing rings 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the remaining packing layers in the rectifying section is carried out in sequence according to the above arrangement; the number of oscillating atomizing rings 2 in each layer depends on the tower diameter of the rectifying section, and the number of oscillating atomizing rings in each layer is the same. In this embodiment, there are 12 layers of packing in the rectifying section, and each layer of packing has 21 oscillating atomizing rings. The specific arrangement is as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown.

[0045] As an embodiment, the arrangement of the stripping section packing can be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the axial direction of the first layer of oscillating atomizing ring 2 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the axial direction of the second layer of oscillating atomizing rings 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the remaining packing layers in the stripping section is carried out in sequence according to the above arrangement; the number of oscillating atomizing rings 2 in each layer depends on the tower diameter of the stripping section, and the number of oscillating atomizing rings 2 in each layer is the same. In this embodiment, the stripping section has a total of 6 layers of packing, and each layer of packing has a total of 37 oscillating atomizing rings. The specific arrangement is as follows Figure 8 and Figure 9 It should be noted that this is only one way of arranging the packing of the distillation tower using ultrasonic oscillation atomizing ring as the packing, and the number of layers of packing in the distillation section and the stripping section, the amount of packing in each layer, and the arrangement method are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The oscillating atomization ring 2 uses an ultrasonic controller to control the oscillator parameters (power, frequency, and phase of the ultrasonic oscillator 202 and atomizer 203). The phase difference is controlled by setting the oscillation start time using a single-chip microcomputer. The cables entering the distillation tower are sealed with epoxy resin for protection. The ultrasonic controller can be used to adjust the oscillator parameters based on the spatiotemporal variations of the solution parameters during the distillation process, achieving a synergistic effect of coupled ultrasonic oscillation and atomization to enhance heat and mass transfer, more efficiently improving the distillation performance of the packed tower.

[0047] The working process of the ammonia water packed tower of this embodiment using the oscillating atomizing ring 2 as filler and improving the heat and mass transfer performance based on the ultrasonic oscillating atomizing ring is as follows:

[0048] The condensate from the packed tower enters the liquid separator 301 through the reflux inlet 102. The solution flows from the overflow hole of the liquid separator 301 to the liquid distribution bottom plate 303, and then flows evenly from the overflow hole 304 of the liquid distribution bottom plate 303 to the oscillating atomization ring 2 of the distillation section. The low-temperature ammonia-rich solution flows downward in a film-like manner along the surface of the packing, contacting the rising high-temperature ammonia-poor vapor from the bottom of the tower, generating heat and mass transfer between the gas and liquid. The high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer 203 on the surface of the packing atomizes the solution flowing through the surface into fine droplets, which are dispersed in the gaps between the packing, which can greatly increase the gas-liquid contact area and improve the liquid distribution characteristics. The medium and low-frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202 directly acts on the descending solution on the surface of the packing, enhancing the internal disturbance of the solution by adding an external force field, promoting the migration of ammonia and water components in the liquid film, increasing the concentration of ammonia components on the surface of the solution, and also strengthening the heat transfer during the gas-liquid contact process, increasing the temperature inside the liquid film, increasing the driving force for mass transfer, and thus enhancing the mass transfer capacity of the ammonia and water components in the distillation process. The high-purity ammonia vapor after distillation enters the upper tower body through the rectangular riser 302, enters the condenser from the top vapor outlet 101 and is condensed into liquid. Part of the condensate enters the reflux liquid separator 301 from the reflux liquid inlet 102; the concentrated solution of the packed tower enters the concentrated solution separator from the concentrated solution inlet 103, then flows into the liquid distribution bottom plate, mixes with the descending solution from the top of the tower, and is evenly distributed to the oscillating atomization ring 2 in the distillation section through the overflow holes on the liquid distribution bottom plate. Under the synergistic effect of ultrasonic oscillation and atomization, the heat and mass transfer between the gas and liquid in the distillation section is enhanced, and the dilute solution after heat and mass exchange flows into the generator through the dilute solution outlet 105; the steam generated during the heating process of the generator enters the stripping section through the steam inlet 104 at the bottom of the packed tower under the action of buoyancy.

[0049] The present invention is an ammonia packed tower with an oscillating atomizing ring 2 as a filler. Based on the synergistic effect of ultrasonic atomization and oscillation, the heat and mass transfer performance in the ammonia distillation process is enhanced. On the one hand, the solution is atomized into fine droplets by high-frequency ultrasonic waves and dispersed in the gaps between the fillers. The gas-liquid mass transfer area and contact time are increased in a limited space, thereby improving the heat and mass transfer performance. On the other hand, the medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator 202 directly acts on the solution, and the cavitation effect and mechanical effect generated cause internal disturbances of the fluid, reduce the thickness of the boundary layer, promote internal mass transfer of the solution, and also promote heat and mass transfer between gas and liquid, thereby improving the heat and mass transfer efficiency. In addition, according to the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the solution parameters during the distillation process, the oscillator parameters (power, frequency and phase of the ultrasonic oscillator 202 and the atomizer 203) can be adjusted in a targeted manner by an ultrasonic controller to achieve the synergistic enhancement of heat and mass transfer by ultrasonic oscillation and atomization coupling, thereby more efficiently improving the distillation performance of the packed tower.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia packed tower with improved heat and mass transfer performance based on an ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring, used to purify the ammonia component in the mixed vapor generated by the generator in an ammonia absorption refrigeration / heat pump system, characterized by: The ammonia packed tower is sequentially provided with an upper tower body, a rectifying section, a stripping section, and a lower tower body from top to bottom; The top of the upper tower body is provided with a steam outlet (101), and the side of the upper tower body is provided with a reflux liquid inlet (102), and an external condensing device for condensing steam is connected between the steam outlet (101) and the reflux liquid inlet (102); a liquid separation tank (301), a rectangular air riser (302) and a liquid distribution bottom plate (303) are installed inside the upper tower body; The rectifying section comprises a packing composed of an oscillating atomizing ring (2) and a packing support plate (4), wherein the packing support plate (4) is located at the bottom of the rectifying section and is used to fix the packing above. The stripping section comprises a concentrated solution inlet (103), a packing composed of an oscillating atomizing ring (2), and a packing support plate (4), wherein the packing support plate (4) is located at the bottom of the stripping section and is used to fix the packing above; The lower tower body comprises a dilute solution outlet (105) at the bottom and a steam inlet (104) at the side of the lower tower body.

2. The ammonia packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing is a packing ring formed by combining an annular medium-low frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) and a strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203) with a ball ring (201) to form an integral whole; the annular medium-low frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) is fixed to the middle of the ball ring (201), and the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203) is fixed to the inner and outer surfaces of the upper and lower halves of the ball ring (201) and is symmetrical to the axis respectively, and the positions of the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizers (203) in the upper and lower halves on the circumference differ by 90 degrees.

3. The ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ball ring (201) is a tubular circular ring, and windows and window leaves are respectively provided on the side walls of the upper half and the lower half of the circular ring.

4. The ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ball ring (201) is made of metal, ceramic or plastic.

5. The ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency of the annular medium-low frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) is between 20 and 100 kHz.

6. The ammonia packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency of the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203) is 1 to 2 MHz.

7. The ammonia packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifying section has multiple layers of packing, and each layer of packing is provided with an oscillating atomizing ring (2); the arrangement of the packing in the rectifying section is as follows: the axial direction of the oscillating atomizing ring (2) in the first layer is perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower, the axial direction of the oscillating atomizing ring (2) in the second layer is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the packing layers in the rectifying section after the third layer is carried out in a cycle according to the above method.

8. The ammonia water packed tower for improving heat and mass transfer performance based on ultrasonic oscillation atomization ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stripping section has multiple layers of packing, and each layer of packing is provided with an oscillating atomizing ring (2); the arrangement of the packing layers in the stripping section is as follows: the axial direction of the oscillating atomizing ring (2) in the first layer is perpendicular to the axial direction of the packing tower, the axial direction of the oscillating atomizing ring (2) in the second layer is parallel to the axial direction of the packing tower, and the arrangement of the packing layers in the stripping section after the third layer is carried out in a cycle according to the above method.

9. A method for distilling an ammonia packed tower using an ultrasonic oscillation atomizing ring to improve heat and mass transfer performance as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The condensate enters the liquid separation tank (301) through the reflux inlet (102), and the reflux flows from the liquid separation tank (301) to the liquid distribution bottom plate (303), and then flows evenly from the overflow hole (304) on the liquid distribution bottom plate (303) to the oscillating atomization ring (2) of the distillation section; the reflux liquid at this time is a low-temperature solution rich in ammonia, which flows downward in a film-like manner along the surface of the packing in the distillation section, and contacts with the high-temperature rising vapor poor in ammonia from the bottom of the tower, generating heat and mass transfer between the gas and the liquid; the strip-shaped high-frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203) on the surface of the packing atomizes the solution flowing through the surface into fine droplets, The ammonia vapor is dispersed in the gaps between the packings, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the liquid distribution characteristics; the annular medium- and low-frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) directly acts on the surface of the packing to descend the solution, and by adding an external force field to enhance the internal disturbance of the solution, promotes the migration of ammonia and water components in the liquid film, and increases the concentration of ammonia components on the surface of the solution; the high-purity ammonia vapor after rectification enters the upper tower body through the rectangular riser (302), enters the external condenser from the tower top vapor outlet (101), and condenses into liquid; part of the condensate enters the liquid separation tank (301) from the reflux liquid inlet (102); In the stripping section, the concentrated solution of the packed tower enters the liquid separation tank (301) from the concentrated solution inlet (103), then flows into the liquid distribution bottom plate (303), mixes with the descending solution from the top of the tower, and is evenly distributed to the oscillating atomization ring (2) in the stripping section through the overflow hole (304) on the liquid distribution bottom plate (303). Under the synergistic effect of the annular medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) and the strip high frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203), the heat and mass transfer between the gas and liquid in the stripping section is enhanced. After the heat and mass exchange, the dilute solution flows into the external generator through the dilute solution outlet (105) at the bottom of the packed tower; the steam generated during the heating process of the generator enters the stripping section through the steam inlet (104) on the side of the bottom of the packed tower.

10. The method for distilling ammonia water in a packed tower using an ultrasonic oscillation atomizing ring to improve heat and mass transfer performance according to claim 9, characterized in that: The oscillating atomization ring (2) uses an ultrasonic controller group to control the power, frequency and phase of the ring-shaped medium and low frequency ultrasonic oscillator (202) and the strip-shaped high frequency ultrasonic atomizer (203).

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