A grading deposition device and method for producing glass silvered film for improving the compactness of silver layer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of glass processing technology, specifically to a graded deposition apparatus and method for producing glass silver coatings to improve the density of the silver layer; comprising: a base frame; a transport module horizontally disposed on the base frame for transporting glass; an adjustment module vertically disposed on one side of the transport module; a silver plating module horizontally disposed between two sets of the adjustment modules; the silver plating module is provided with a nozzle capable of silver plating the glass and an adjustment unit capable of controlling the spray angle of the nozzle; a homogenization module disposed outside the silver plating module, and the homogenization module is provided with a homogenization section facing the glass, the number of homogenization sections corresponding to the number of nozzles; this invention not only enables graded silver plating of glass but also achieves good results and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass processing technology, specifically to a graded deposition apparatus and method for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer. Background Technology

[0002] Silver coating on glass, as a highly reflective functional material, is widely used in architectural mirrors, home decoration, and optical components. The density of the silver layer is a key indicator affecting its optical reflectivity, oxidation resistance, and long-term stability. However, in existing technologies, the deposition of silver layers on glass surfaces mostly relies on single-spray or continuous spraying methods, which present the following technical problems: First, existing spray head systems are mostly fixed-angle spraying methods, making it difficult to adjust the spray trajectory according to the width or flow rate of the glass substrate, resulting in uneven deposition of the silver plating solution on the glass surface. Especially at the edges or middle sections of the glass, the concentration distribution of silver ions varies, easily forming silver film structures of varying thicknesses, thus reducing the overall consistency and reflectivity of the film. Second, during a single spraying process, the silver ion deposition rate is difficult to precisely control, often leading to the rapid aggregation of silver particles in some areas, forming coarse particles or porous structures. This results in low film density, susceptibility to microscopic defects such as cracks and pinholes, significantly reducing the corrosion resistance and service life of the silver film.

[0003] Furthermore, if the reaction rate between the silver ammonia solution and the reducing agent is not properly controlled during the deposition process, it can easily lead to violent local deposition, causing quality defects such as droplet splashing or film wrinkling. In addition, traditional processes are difficult to achieve multi-stage buffer deposition and precise micro-turbulence control of the environment, which is not conducive to achieving uniform silver deposition and defect self-repair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density is provided. By proposing an apparatus capable of graded deposition of silver plating on glass, the technical problems of existing silver plating equipment easily causing uneven particle or local agglomeration of silver layer structure on the glass surface and the inability to achieve differentiated control of the staged densification process are solved.

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density. The apparatus is used for graded silver plating of glass and includes: a base frame; a transport module horizontally mounted on the base frame for transporting the glass; an adjustment module vertically mounted on one side of the transport module; a silver plating module horizontally spanning between two sets of adjustment modules; the silver plating module having nozzles capable of silver plating the glass and an adjustment unit for controlling the spray angle of the nozzles; and a homogenization module located outside the silver plating module, wherein the homogenization module has homogenization sections facing the glass, the number of which corresponds to the number of nozzles, and these homogenization sections can self-adjust their homogenization shape according to the silver plating requirements.

[0006] Preferably, the silver plating module further includes a rotating frame, an adjusting frame, and an adjusting rod capable of multi-angle adjustment of the nozzle; the rotating frame is horizontally rotatably mounted on top of the two sets of adjusting modules; the adjusting frame is horizontally and coaxially fixed inside the rotating frame via the adjusting unit; and the adjusting ends of the two sets of adjusting units are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the adjusting frame; the adjusting rod is vertically mounted between the rotating frame and the adjusting frame, with one end of the adjusting rod near the rotating frame passing through the rotating frame and facing outwards from the rotating frame, and the rod portion of the adjusting rod is hinged to the rotating frame and the adjusting frame respectively; the nozzle is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the adjusting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting rod is further provided with a first hinge unit and a second hinge unit coaxially hinged to it; the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating frame and the adjusting frame through the first hinge unit and the second hinge unit respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment unit is provided with a first linear driver capable of driving the adjustment frame to move horizontally in the lateral direction and a second linear driver capable of driving the adjustment frame to move horizontally in the longitudinal direction.

[0009] Preferably, the silver plating module further includes a synchronous driver capable of driving the adjusting rod to slide longitudinally, the synchronous driver being coaxially fixedly disposed within the adjusting frame and the driving end being fixedly connected to the driving end of the adjusting rod.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment module includes a first support frame, a bearing seat, a first servo motor, and a mounting frame; two first support frames are provided, and the two first support frames are vertically arranged opposite each other on both sides of the base frame; the rotating frame is horizontally rotatably arranged between the two first support frames through two bearing seats; the first servo motor is horizontally fixed to one side of the first support frame through the mounting frame, and its output shaft passes through the first support frame and is connected to the rotating frame for transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission module is provided with multiple sets of transmission rollers arranged along the long side of the base frame and a second servo motor capable of driving the multiple sets of transmission rollers to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the homogenizing module is provided with a homogenizing spray chamber that can sink towards the nozzle under gravity and a guide frame that can tilt and guide the homogenizing spray chamber to move; the homogenizing spray chamber is movably disposed in an inclined state outside the silver plating module through the guide frame and the nozzle of the homogenizing spray chamber is facing the nozzle.

[0013] Preferably, the homogenization module further includes a synchronization frame capable of dynamically adjusting the nozzle height of the homogenization spray chamber; the synchronization frame is horizontally positioned at the nozzle of the homogenization spray chamber, with one end of the synchronization frame fixed to the nozzle of the homogenization spray chamber and the other end fixedly connected to the nozzle.

[0014] A graded deposition method for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, applied to a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Place the glass to be processed horizontally on the transmission module equipped with multiple sets of transmission rollers, and start the second servo motor to make the glass move at a constant speed along the transmission direction to ensure that the subsequent spraying and homogenization process has a stable reference surface.

[0016] S2: Start the nozzle assembly. Driven by the adjustment module, the nozzles uniformly spray the first layer of silver plating agent onto the glass surface according to the preset angle, position and spraying posture, controlling the spraying pressure and spray width to form the initial attached silver layer.

[0017] S3: Start the homogenizing spray chamber. The spray chamber and the nozzle are linked by a synchronous frame structure to keep them at the same height as the nozzle. The homogenizing spray chamber continuously sprays an inclined high-pressure airflow toward the glass surface to blow away the excess agent that is not uniformly attached, leaving only stable silver nuclei and reducing surface roughness and micropore formation.

[0018] S4: Repeat S2 and S3 for multiple stages of deposition, each time the deposition layer is controlled to be thin, and homogenized airflow treatment is performed immediately after each spray; for subsequent layers, intermittent or pulsed airflow is used for impact treatment to break the air bubbles in the layer and compact the deposition structure, and build a dense silver film layer by layer.

[0019] S5: During the deposition process, the synchronous driver is activated based on real-time feedback to adjust the spray distance, angle and direction from the nozzle to the glass surface, so as to achieve dynamic adjustment of the deposition and ensure that the film quality is consistent at different locations.

[0020] S6: After all the graded deposition is completed, the glass continues to be output through the transfer module to the subsequent drying or developing process area to complete the initial formation of the silver coating.

[0021] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0022] 1. This invention adopts a graded deposition mode of "spraying-homogenizing-re-spraying-re-homogenizing" to compact the silver film structure layer by layer through multiple thin-layer construction, which effectively reduces the problems of high porosity and poor adhesion of silver layer caused by one-time thick coating, and significantly improves the adhesion and dense structure quality of silver layer.

[0023] 2. This invention sets up multiple sets of nozzles with adjustable spraying posture, and in conjunction with the adjustment module, achieves precise control of the spraying angle and direction, effectively avoiding the problems of uneven silver layer thickness, local thinness or thickness caused by fixed or improper spraying angle in the prior art, and improving the uniformity and density of film coverage.

[0024] 3. This invention achieves the effect of timely removal of redundant silver liquid and retaining only uniformly distributed silver nuclei when treating excess silver plating agent sprayed on the glass surface by spraying directional high-pressure airflow through a homogenization module; and achieves microbubble elimination through airflow disturbance, which greatly improves the problem of film surface defects and improves the overall film quality.

[0025] 4. By setting up a synchronization frame, the present invention realizes the synchronous linkage between the nozzle and the homogenizing spray chamber for height adjustment, effectively avoiding spraying deviation, air curtain offset or height imbalance caused by independent adjustment, ensuring constant spraying height, thereby improving the uniformity and density of the silver plating layer.

[0026] 5. This invention can pre-adjust the spray chamber to a suitable position and height according to the direction and position of the nozzle before spraying, and lock it to improve stability; after adjusting the direction and angle of the nozzle, the locking is released, and the homogenizing spray chamber can automatically adjust under the joint action of the synchronous frame and the guide frame, thus ensuring that the homogenizing spray chamber nozzle always maintains a preset height distance from the nozzle. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of a staged deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the silver plating module and homogenization module in a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer.

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the silver plating module and homogenization module in a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a side view of the silver plating module and the homogenization module in a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer.

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Sectional view of section AA;

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of section B;

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion at point C;

[0035] Figure 9 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the silver plating module in a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films to improve the density of the silver layer.

[0036] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point D.

[0037] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base frame; 2. Transmission module; 21. Conductor roller; 22. Second servo motor; 23. Synchronous belt; 3. Adjustment module; 31. First support frame; 32. Bearing seat; 33. First servo motor; 34. Mounting frame; 4. Silver-plated module; 41. Nozzle; 42. Adjustment unit; 421. First linear actuator; 422. Second linear actuator; 43. Rotating frame; 44. Adjustment frame; 45. Adjustment rod; 46. First hinge unit; 47. Second hinge unit; 48. Synchronous actuator; 5. Homogenization module; 51. Homogenization spray chamber; 52. Guide frame; 53. Synchronous frame. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] See Figures 1 to 10 The diagram shows a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver coatings to improve the density of the silver layer. This apparatus is used for graded silver plating of glass and includes: a base frame 1; a transport module 2, horizontally mounted on the base frame 1 for transporting the glass; an adjustment module 3, vertically mounted on one side of the transport module 2; a silver plating module 4, horizontally positioned between two sets of adjustment modules 3; the silver plating module 4 is equipped with nozzles 41 capable of silver plating the glass and an adjustment unit 42 capable of controlling the spray angle of the nozzles 41; and a homogenization module 5, located outside the silver plating module 4, with homogenization sections facing the glass. The number of homogenization sections corresponds to the number of nozzles 41, and these homogenization sections can self-adjust their homogenization shape according to the silver plating requirements.

[0040] When silver plating is required on glass, multiple sets of glass substrates to be silvered are first placed horizontally on the transmission module 2. After the transmission module 2 is activated, it transports the glass substrates horizontally along a set transmission path at a constant speed to the silver plating station. After the glass enters the corresponding position of the silver plating module 4, the silver plating module 4 is activated, driving the nozzle 41 on it to uniformly spray the silver plating agent onto the glass surface. To ensure the consistency of the silver film thickness and the uniformity of coverage, the nozzle 41 is driven by the adjustment module 3, which can achieve precise control of the spraying angle, spraying posture and trajectory of the nozzle 41, thereby achieving multi-parameter control of the silver plating agent spraying process and avoiding quality defects such as silver film that is too thick or too thin.

[0041] Furthermore, to achieve dense silver layer formation and effectively improve problems such as roughness, pores, cracks, and pinholes that are easily generated in traditional spraying processes, a homogenization module 5 is provided. The homogenization module 5 operates simultaneously with the silver plating agent spraying stage. It sprays high-pressure airflow directionally towards the glass surface through the homogenization section, performing cross-sectional shearing, degassing, and thickness reduction on the deposited but not yet fully reacted and solidified silver plating layer. This ensures that the remaining silver layer thickness is controlled within an ideal range, enhancing the density and surface smoothness of the silver layer. In addition, to meet the homogenization requirements of different plating stages, the homogenization module 5 has multiple operating modes. During the initial silver plating, a continuous high-pressure purging mode can be used; during the final deposition, a pulsed airflow impact mode can be used to break up air bubbles trapped within the silver layer, improving the structural density and continuity of the final silver layer.

[0042] By adjusting the attitude of nozzle 41, multi-angle and directional spraying control is achieved. Combined with the high-pressure airflow homogenization module 5, the silver plating liquid layer is dynamically treated. This not only improves the uniformity and smoothness of the silver film and effectively avoids defects such as excessive thickness, thinness, roughness, cracks, and pinholes in the coating, but also further improves the density and adhesion strength of the silver layer through multiple graded spraying and pulsed airflow coupling treatment. This significantly improves the overall quality and product stability of the silver-plated glass film layer.

[0043] The adjustment module 3, silver plating module 4, and homogenization module 5 are arranged in multiple sets at equal intervals along the long side of the base frame 1 to perform multi-stage silver plating on the glass (not shown in the figure).

[0044] See Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown: The silver plating module 4 also includes a rotating frame 43, an adjusting frame 44, and an adjusting rod 45 capable of multi-angle adjustment of the nozzle 41; the rotating frame 43 is horizontally rotatably mounted on top of the two sets of adjusting modules 3; the adjusting frame 44 is horizontally coaxially fixed inside the rotating frame 43 via the adjusting unit 42; and the adjusting ends of the two sets of adjusting units 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the adjusting frame 44; the adjusting rod 45 is vertically mounted between the rotating frame 43 and the adjusting frame 44, with one end of the adjusting rod 45 near the rotating frame 43 passing through the rotating frame 43 and facing outward from the rotating frame 43, and the rod portion of the adjusting rod 45 is hinged to the rotating frame 43 and the adjusting frame 44 respectively; the nozzle 41 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the adjusting rod 45.

[0045] Multiple sets of nozzles 41 are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the rotating frame 43, and the specifications of each set of nozzles 41 are different.

[0046] When the spray angle of the nozzle 41 needs to be adjusted, only an external power supply is needed to drive the adjustment unit 42 to start. After the adjustment unit 42 is activated, it synchronously drives the adjustment frame 44 to perform horizontal displacement. Since the rod part of the adjustment rod 45 is hinged to the rotating frame 43 and the adjustment frame 44 respectively, when the adjustment frame 44 moves horizontally, it will cause the adjustment rod 45 to swing around the hinge point of the rotating frame 43, thereby realizing the attitude adjustment of the nozzle 41 fixed at the lower end of the adjustment rod 45, so that the nozzle 41 is in a controllable angle change state in the vertical plane. This achieves dynamic control of the spray angle of the nozzle 41. The adjustment process is stable and responsive, and the angle change can be completed without complex structure, making it suitable for multi-angle silver plating spraying needs.

[0047] See Figure 7 As shown: The adjusting rod 45 is also coaxially hinged to a first hinge unit 46 and a second hinge unit 47; the adjusting rod 45 is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 43 and the adjusting frame 44 through the first hinge unit 46 and the second hinge unit 47 respectively.

[0048] The second hinge unit 47 has the same structure as the first hinge unit 46, specifically including an outer ball head sleeve and an inner hinge ball disposed inside it. The inner hinge ball is rotatably embedded in the outer ball head sleeve by a spherical limiting method; and the inner hinge ball is slidably connected to the adjusting rod 45, thereby giving the adjusting rod 45 a certain degree of freedom of extension and retraction in the axial direction. The first hinge unit 46 is used to form a flexible rotational connection between the adjusting rod 45 and the rotating frame 43, while the second hinge unit 47 forms a hinged linkage between the adjusting rod 45 and the adjusting frame 44. Through this structure, the adjusting rod 45 can not only realize the angle adjustment around the hinge ball, but also generate a small axial slip during the adjustment process, thereby giving the nozzle 41 the ability to dynamically adjust the angle and finely adjust the axial position.

[0049] By adopting the ball joint structure of the second hinge unit 47 and introducing a sliding fit, the adjusting rod 45 has a certain longitudinal degree of freedom on the basis of tilt angle adjustment, realizing the dual adjustment capability of the attitude and position of the nozzle 41 under complex silver plating conditions, effectively improving the coverage uniformity and controllability of the spray from the nozzle 41, and enhancing the quality and density of the silver film.

[0050] See Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown: The adjustment unit 42 is provided with a first linear driver 421 capable of driving the adjustment frame 44 to move horizontally in the lateral direction and a second linear driver 422 capable of driving the adjustment frame 44 to move horizontally in the longitudinal direction.

[0051] The adjustment unit 42 further includes a sliding frame and a connecting frame. The first linear actuator 421 is fixedly mounted horizontally within the rotating frame 43 via the sliding frame. The driving end of the first linear actuator 421 is fixedly connected to the end of the adjustment frame 44. The second linear actuator 422 is fixedly mounted horizontally within the rotating frame 43 via the connecting frame and is located on one side of the first linear actuator 421. The driving end of the second linear actuator 422 is fixedly connected to the first linear actuator 421. Specifically, the first linear actuator 421 and the second linear actuator 422 are electric push rods.

[0052] When it is necessary to drive the nozzle 41 to swing and adjust along the short side of the base frame 1, i.e., the left-right direction, only an external power source is needed to drive the first linear actuator 421. In operation, the first linear actuator 421 drives the adjusting frame 44 to slide laterally along the short side of the base frame 1, thereby driving the nozzle 41 to achieve precise swing adjustment in the left-right direction. Similarly, if it is necessary to achieve swing adjustment of the nozzle 41 along the long side of the base frame 1, i.e., the front-back direction, only an external power source is needed to drive the second linear actuator 422, which drives the adjusting frame 44 to slide longitudinally along the long side of the base frame 1, thus achieving displacement adjustment of the nozzle 41 in the front-back direction.

[0053] By setting two sets of independent linear actuators arranged along the short and long sides of the base frame 1, the nozzle 41 can be precisely oscillated in the left-right and front-back directions in the horizontal plane, thereby improving the coverage and flexibility of the spray path of the nozzle 41, effectively ensuring the uniform spraying of the silver plating agent on the glass surface, reducing the problem of spray overlap or blind spots caused by a single angle, and further improving the density and consistency of the silver film.

[0054] See Figure 10 As shown: The silver plating module 4 also includes a synchronous driver 48 that can drive the adjusting rod 45 to slide longitudinally. The synchronous driver 48 is coaxially fixedly disposed in the adjusting frame 44 and the driving end is fixedly connected to the driving end of the adjusting rod 45.

[0055] The synchronous driver 48 is specifically an airbag; but is not limited to an airbag, with the aim of being able to synchronously drive multiple sets of adjusting rods 45 to move.

[0056] When precise adjustment of the vertical distance between the nozzle 41 and the glass surface is required to accommodate glass of different thicknesses or different spraying requirements, simply connect an external air source to inflate the airbag. During the inflation process, the airbag lifts the adjusting rod 45 vertically, thereby raising the nozzle 41, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the adjusting rod 45. Conversely, after releasing the pressure, the airbag retracts, and the nozzle 41 moves downward with the adjusting rod 45. By adjusting the inflation volume of the airbag, the vertical height of the nozzle 41 can be steplessly adjusted to meet the distance requirements between the nozzle 41 and the substrate under different process conditions.

[0057] See Figure 3 As shown: The adjustment module 3 includes a first support frame 31, a bearing seat 32, a first servo motor 33, and a mounting frame 34; two first support frames 31 are provided, and the two first support frames 31 are vertically arranged opposite each other on both sides of the base frame 1; the rotating frame 43 is rotatably arranged between the two first support frames 31 in a horizontal state through the two bearing seats 32; the first servo motor 33 is horizontally fixed to one side of the first support frame 31 through the mounting frame 34, and its output shaft passes through the first support frame 31 and is connected to the rotating frame 43 for transmission.

[0058] When further adjustment of the spray angle of the nozzle 41 is required, or when switching between nozzles 41 with different spray effects according to different silver plating process requirements, only an external power supply is needed to drive the first servo motor 33. The first servo motor 33, in operation, drives its output shaft to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the rotating frame 43 to rotate, causing the nozzles 41 mounted on the rotating frame 43 to adjust to the target spray angle or target spray position. This enables precise control of the spray angle of the nozzle 41 and efficient switching between multiple nozzle positions.

[0059] By setting the first servo motor 33 to rotate the frame 43, not only is the spraying angle of the nozzle 41 automatically and with high precision adjusted, but it also supports the rapid switching operation between multiple nozzles 41, meeting the different requirements for silver layer quality under different process parameters such as spray coverage, particle size distribution, and pressure control, thereby effectively improving the density, uniformity, and process adaptability of the silver film.

[0060] See Figure 2 As shown: The transmission module 2 is provided with multiple sets of transmission rollers 21 arranged along the long side of the base frame 1 and a second servo motor 22 capable of driving the multiple sets of transmission rollers 21 to rotate.

[0061] The transmission module 2 also includes a synchronous belt 23, and multiple sets of transmission rollers 21 are connected by the synchronous belt 23.

[0062] When it is necessary to drive the glass substrate horizontally to the silver plating module 4, only an external power supply is needed to drive the second servo motor 22. In operation, the output shaft of the second servo motor 22 rotates, driving the coaxially connected drive roller to rotate. During rotation, the drive roller is connected to the other drive rollers via the synchronous belt 23 assembly, achieving synchronous rotation of multiple sets of drive rollers. Driven by the synchronous rotation, the drive rollers transport the glass substrate placed on them horizontally along a set path to the silver plating module 4 area at a uniform speed, thus completing the automatic glass conveying process.

[0063] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown: The homogenization module 5 is provided with a homogenization spray chamber 51 that can sink towards the nozzle 41 under gravity and a guide frame 52 that can tilt and guide the homogenization spray chamber 51 to move; the homogenization spray chamber 51 is movably disposed in an inclined state outside the silver plating module 4 through the guide frame 52 and the nozzle of the homogenization spray chamber 51 is disposed facing the nozzle 41.

[0064] The guide frame 52 is fixedly disposed parallel to the long side of the rotating frame 43 on the outer wall of the rotating frame 43.

[0065] When homogenization treatment is required on the silver plating agent layer sprayed onto the glass surface by the silver plating module 4, it is only necessary to establish an air path connection between the external air source output module and the air inlet of the homogenization spray chamber 51, and start the air source to continuously supply air to the homogenization spray chamber 51. The high-pressure airflow entering the homogenization spray chamber 51 is guided by the internal flow guiding structure and sprayed out from the nozzle at a set angle toward the glass surface, forming a set of high-speed air curtain layers obliquely distributed along the glass surface. This air curtain layer can quickly blow away excess liquid in the silver plating agent layer with uneven thickness covering the glass surface, leaving only a uniformly adhered silver plating liquid film with a thickness controlled within the target range. Furthermore, by adjusting the air supply pressure or airflow pulse mode, fine adjustments can be made for different film formation stages or silver plating layers of different thicknesses, thereby adapting to the process requirements of multiple staged deposition.

[0066] By setting up a homogenizing spray chamber 51 with an inclined air curtain structure, the silver plating agent sprayed onto the glass surface can be dynamically homogenized after initial deposition, effectively removing localized accumulation or excessively thick areas, and improving the uniformity and density of the coating. At the same time, this air curtain treatment method can control the film thickness in stages without disrupting the continuity of the silver layer, significantly reducing defects such as roughness, voids, or pinholes caused by uneven silver film deposition, and improving the optical performance and stability of the final silver-plated film.

[0067] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown: The homogenization module 5 also includes a synchronization frame 53 that can dynamically adjust the nozzle height of the homogenization spray chamber 51; the synchronization frame 53 is horizontally arranged at the nozzle of the homogenization spray chamber 51, and one end of the synchronization frame 53 is fixed to the nozzle of the homogenization spray chamber 51, and the other end is fixedly connected to the nozzle 41.

[0068] The synchronization frame 53 consists of two sliding frames, a first sliding frame and a second sliding frame, which can slide and cooperate with each other.

[0069] By using the synchronization frame 53 structure set between the nozzle 41 and the homogenizing spray chamber 51, when the nozzle 41 is adjusted in the longitudinal height, the synchronization frame 53 can synchronously drive the homogenizing spray chamber 51 to perform vertical linkage displacement in the same direction and with the same stroke, thereby ensuring that the nozzle of the homogenizing spray chamber 51 always maintains a preset height distance from the nozzle 41.

[0070] When there is no need to dynamically adjust the homogenizing spray chamber 51, after fixing the homogenizing spray chamber 51 to a preset height according to the homogenization requirements, it is only necessary to tighten the locking bolts screwed on the outer wall of the guide frame 52 to lock the homogenizing spray chamber 51 and the guide frame 52.

[0071] By setting up a synchronization frame 53, the height adjustment between the nozzle 41 and the homogenizing spray chamber 51 is synchronized, effectively avoiding spraying deviation, air curtain offset or height imbalance caused by independent adjustment, ensuring a constant spraying height, thereby improving the uniformity and density of the silver plating layer, and improving the consistency of the coating and the product yield.

[0072] A graded deposition method for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, applied to a graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, includes the following steps:

[0073] S1: Place the glass to be processed horizontally on the transmission module 2, which is equipped with multiple sets of transmission rollers, and start the second servo motor 22 to make the glass move at a constant speed along the transmission direction, so as to ensure that the subsequent spraying and homogenization process has a stable reference surface.

[0074] S2: Start the nozzle assembly. Under the drive of the adjustment module 3, the nozzle 41 sprays the first layer of silver plating agent evenly onto the glass surface according to the preset angle, position and spraying posture, controlling the spraying pressure and spray width to form the initial attached silver layer.

[0075] S3: Start the homogenizing spray chamber 51. The spray chamber and the nozzle 41 are linked by the synchronous frame 53 structure to keep them at the same height as the nozzle 41. The homogenizing spray chamber 51 continuously sprays an inclined high-pressure airflow toward the glass surface to blow away the excess agent that is not uniformly attached, leaving only stable silver nuclei and reducing surface roughness and micropore formation.

[0076] S4: Repeat S2 and S3 for multiple stages of deposition, each time the deposition layer is controlled to be thin, and homogenized airflow treatment is performed immediately after each spray; for subsequent layers, intermittent or pulsed airflow is used for impact treatment to break the air bubbles in the layer and compact the deposition structure, and build a dense silver film layer by layer.

[0077] S5: During the deposition process, the synchronous driver 48 is activated based on real-time feedback to adjust the spraying distance, angle and direction of the nozzle 41 to the glass surface, so as to achieve dynamic adjustment of the deposition and ensure that the film quality at different locations is consistent.

[0078] S6: After the graded deposition is completed, the glass continues to be output through the transmission module 2 to the subsequent drying or developing process area to complete the initial formation of the silver coating.

[0079] This invention not only enables graded silver plating of glass but also achieves good results and high efficiency.

[0080] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, used for graded silver plating of glass, characterized in that, include: Base frame; A transmission module, horizontally mounted on the base frame, is used to transmit the glass. The adjustment module is vertically positioned on one side of the transmission module; A silver plating module is horizontally positioned between the two sets of adjustment modules; the silver plating module is equipped with a nozzle capable of silver plating glass and an adjustment unit capable of controlling the spray angle of the nozzle. A homogenizing module is located outside the silver plating module, and the homogenizing module has a homogenizing section facing the glass. The number of homogenizing sections corresponds to the number of nozzles. The homogenizing section can automatically adjust the homogenizing shape according to the silver plating requirements. The homogenization module is equipped with a homogenization spray chamber that can sink towards the nozzle under gravity and a guide frame that can tilt and guide the homogenization spray chamber to move. The homogenizing spray chamber is movably and tilted outside the silver plating module via a guide frame, with the nozzle of the homogenizing spray chamber facing the nozzle. The homogenization module also includes a synchronization frame that can dynamically adjust the nozzle height of the homogenization spray chamber. The synchronization frame is horizontally positioned at the nozzle of the homogenizing spray chamber, with one end of the synchronization frame fixed to the nozzle of the homogenizing spray chamber and the other end fixedly connected to the nozzle.

2. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 1, wherein the silver plating module further includes a rotating frame, an adjusting frame, and an adjusting rod capable of multi-angle adjustment of the nozzle; The rotating frame is horizontally mounted on top of the two sets of adjustment modules; The adjusting frame is coaxially fixed in a horizontal position within the rotating frame via the adjusting unit; and the adjusting ends of the two sets of adjusting units are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the adjusting frame. The adjusting rod is vertically positioned between the rotating frame and the adjusting frame, with one end of the adjusting rod near the rotating frame passing through the rotating frame and extending outward from the rotating frame. The rod portion of the adjusting rod is hinged to both the rotating frame and the adjusting frame. The nozzle is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the adjusting rod.

3. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting rod is also coaxially hinged with a first hinge unit and a second hinge unit. The adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating frame and the adjusting frame through the first hinge unit and the second hinge unit, respectively.

4. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment unit is equipped with a first linear driver capable of horizontally driving the adjustment frame to move laterally and a second linear driver capable of horizontally driving the adjustment frame to move longitudinally.

5. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 3, characterized in that, The silver plating module also includes a synchronous driver that can drive the adjusting rod to slide longitudinally. The synchronous driver is coaxially fixedly disposed in the adjusting frame and its driving end is fixedly connected to the driving end of the adjusting rod.

6. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment module includes a first support frame, a bearing housing, a first servo motor, and a mounting bracket; There are two first support frames, which are arranged vertically opposite each other on both sides of the base frame; The rotating frame is horizontally rotatably mounted between the two first support frames via two bearing seats; The first servo motor is fixed horizontally on one side of the first support frame via a mounting bracket, and its output shaft passes through the first support frame and is connected to the rotating frame for transmission.

7. The graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission module is equipped with multiple sets of transmission rollers arranged along the long side of the base frame and a second servo motor capable of driving the multiple sets of transmission rollers to rotate.

8. A graded deposition method for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density, applied to the graded deposition apparatus for producing glass silver-plated films with improved silver layer density as described in claim 7, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the glass to be processed horizontally on the transmission module equipped with multiple sets of transmission rollers, and start the second servo motor to make the glass move at a constant speed along the transmission direction to ensure that the subsequent spraying and homogenization process has a stable reference surface. S2: Start the nozzle assembly. Driven by the adjustment module, the nozzles uniformly spray the first layer of silver plating agent onto the glass surface according to the preset angle, position and spraying posture, controlling the spraying pressure and spray width to form the initial attached silver layer. S3: Start the homogenizing spray chamber. The spray chamber and the nozzle are linked by a synchronous frame structure to keep them at the same height as the nozzle. The homogenizing spray chamber continuously sprays an inclined high-pressure airflow toward the glass surface to blow away the excess agent that is not uniformly attached, leaving only stable silver nuclei and reducing surface roughness and micropore formation. S4: Repeat S2 and S3 for multiple stages of deposition, each time the deposition layer is controlled to be thin, and homogenized airflow treatment is performed immediately after each spray; for subsequent layers, intermittent or pulsed airflow is used for impact treatment to break the air bubbles in the layer and compact the deposition structure, and build a dense silver film layer by layer. S5: During the deposition process, the synchronous driver is activated based on real-time feedback to adjust the spray distance, angle and direction from the nozzle to the glass surface, so as to achieve dynamic adjustment of the deposition and ensure that the film quality is consistent at different locations. S6: After all the graded deposition is completed, the glass continues to be output through the transfer module to the subsequent drying or developing process area to complete the initial formation of the silver coating.

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