Composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape planting and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, and particularly discloses a compound water-soluble fertilizer for grape planting and a preparation method thereof, by adding microbial flora, organic substances in soil can be decomposed, humus is formed, the soil forms a granular structure, the air permeability and water retention of the soil are improved, soil hardening is prevented, and the pH value of the soil can be adjusted; a more suitable growth environment is created for a grape root system, the application amount of a chemical fertilizer can be reduced by using the microbial water-soluble fertilizer, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and the potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulated and insoluble compounds in soil, accumulation of the insoluble compounds is reduced, the diversity of microorganisms in the soil is improved, and the yield of the grape is increased. The balance of microorganisms in the soil is improved, the air permeability and water permeability of the soil are improved, the soil structure is looser, and growth and development of plant roots are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, and in particular to a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, among the five major elements of agricultural production, light, temperature, air, water and nutrients, the production of large-scale water-soluble fertilizers can be used for physical and chemical fertilization technology, improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce the number of fertilizations, and save fertilization costs. The application of water-fertilizer integration technology to save costs and increase efficiency is particularly necessary in today's world where the labor cost of manual fertilization is getting higher and higher and the traditional large-scale water and fertilizer waste is high. The phenomenon of excessive application of chemical fertilizers is becoming more and more serious, with an average fertilizer consumption of 2565kg hm -2 This not only often causes unstable yields, but also makes the trees weak and hinders overwintering, and leads to environmental pollution.

[0003] The prior art CN105646040A provides a special fertilizer for drip irrigation of wine grapes with full nutrition and full water-soluble fertilizer. It can be applied with water. The water-soluble fertilizer for drip irrigation of wine grapes with a large number of elements is used. Through many years of field tests, it is found that the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains can meet the demand of wine grapes with a 15t hm2 -2 At high yield levels, in addition to the soil fertilizer supply, a special drip irrigation fertilizer is required to supplement various nutrients through fertilization. This invention not only solves the problems of existing compound fertilizers, such as a limited variety of nutrients, poor solubility, single nutrients, unreasonable nutrient ratios, and the tendency to cause soil compaction, malnutrition, and environmental pollution, but also facilitates the large-scale promotion of water-saving and fertilizer-saving high-efficiency cultivation. It not only takes into account the regional soil fertilizer supply performance, but also fully meets the nutritional needs of wine grapes. It is highly targeted, reduces fertilizer and water waste, increases wine grape yield, improves wine grape quality, improves the utilization efficiency of limited water and fertilizer resources in arid areas, and reduces agricultural production costs.

[0004] However, in the existing technology, the long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers and potassium fertilizers will change the physical and chemical properties and ecological environment of the soil, affect the survival and reproduction of microorganisms in the soil, lead to a decrease in soil biodiversity, and thus destroy the ecological balance of the soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers and potassium fertilizers will change the physical and chemical properties and ecological environment of the soil, affect the survival and reproduction of microorganisms in the soil, lead to a decrease in soil biodiversity, and thus destroy the ecological balance of the soil.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 15-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 30-35 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10-15 parts of potassium fertilizer, 0.01-0.03 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.01-0.03 parts of rhizobia, 0.1-0.2 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungi, 0.1-0.5 parts of yeast, 0.1-0.4 parts of EM bacteria, 3-5 parts of amino acids, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 7-15 parts of chitin, 7-15 parts of seaweed extract, 0.01-0.03 parts of tetrahydropyrimidine, 5-10 parts of biochar and 1-3 parts of medium and trace element chelates.

[0008] The fungi group includes any one or more combinations of Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydophorum.

[0009] The yeast flora includes any one or more combinations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula glutinosae, Abnormal Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis and Alkali-producing yeast.

[0010] The EM bacteria include any one or more combinations of photosynthetic bacteria, lactobacilli, lactic acid streptococci, actinomycetes and acetic acid bacteria.

[0011] The seaweed extract comprises any one or more combinations of fucoidan, alginic acid, mannitol, cytokinin, indoleacetic acid, minerals and lutein.

[0012] The trace element chelate comprises any one or more combinations of EDTA-Fe, EDDHA-Fe, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Mg, borax, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, EDTA-Ca and sugar alcohol calcium.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. The method for preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation as described above comprises the following steps:

[0014] Weigh nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates according to weight ratio, mix, crush and grind them for later use;

[0015] Weigh Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids and humic acid according to proportion;

[0016] Add the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stir at a uniform speed;

[0017] Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred;

[0018] Finally, the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation was prepared.

[0019] The present invention provides a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape planting and a preparation method thereof. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape planting provides necessary nutrition for grapes through nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, so that the grapes obtain sufficient nutrients for growth. The addition of microbial flora can decompose organic matter in the soil to form humus, form a granular structure in the soil, increase the air permeability and water retention of the soil, prevent the soil from becoming compacted, adjust the pH value of the soil, and create a more suitable growth environment for the roots of grapes. The use of the microbial water-soluble fertilizer can reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce the pollution of the soil and water bodies caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and protect the ecological environment. The addition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to the water-soluble fertilizer can dissolve the insoluble phosphorus compounds released by the phosphate fertilizer and convert them into soluble phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus in the soil and promoting plant growth. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reproduce and metabolize in the soil, can decompose the fixed phosphorus in the soil, and convert it back into phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby reducing the fixation and The activity of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the soil can promote the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter, increase the content of humus in the soil, thereby improving soil structure, improving the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and aeration, and creating a good soil environment for plant growth. Potassium-solubilizing bacteria can decompose the potassium fixed in the soil, reduce the fixation and loss of potassium fertilizer in the soil, recycle potassium in the soil, improve the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer, and reduce agricultural production costs. The metabolites of potassium-solubilizing bacteria can stimulate plant growth, promote root development, and improve the plant's ability to absorb potassium, thereby promoting plant growth and strengthening, improving the plant's resistance to lodging, and improving plant quality and yield. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulation and insoluble compounds in the soil, reduce the accumulation of insoluble compounds, thereby increasing the microbial diversity in the soil, improving the balance of microorganisms in the soil, improving the soil's aeration and water permeability, making the soil structure looser, and conducive to the growth and development of plant roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of Example 1 of a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation.

[0022] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of Example 2 of a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation.

[0023] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of Example 3 of a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0025] 15-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 30-35 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10-15 parts of potassium fertilizer, 0.01-0.03 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.01-0.03 parts of rhizobia, 0.1-0.2 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungi, 0.1-0.5 parts of yeast, 0.1-0.4 parts of EM bacteria, 3-5 parts of amino acids, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 7-15 parts of chitin, 7-15 parts of seaweed extract, 0.01-0.03 parts of tetrahydropyrimidine, 5-10 parts of biochar and 1-3 parts of medium and trace element chelates.

[0026] In this embodiment, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used to provide grapes with necessary nutrition so that the grapes can obtain sufficient nutrients for growth. By adding microbial flora, organic matter in the soil can be decomposed to form humus, so that the soil forms a granular structure, the aeration and water retention of the soil are increased, the soil is prevented from being compacted, the pH of the soil can be adjusted, and a more suitable growth environment for the roots of grapes can be created. The use of microbial water-soluble fertilizer can reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce the pollution of soil and water bodies caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and protect the ecological environment. The addition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to water-soluble fertilizers can dissolve the insoluble phosphorus compounds released by phosphate fertilizers and convert them into soluble phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus in the soil and promoting plant growth. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria reproduce and metabolize in the soil, which can decompose the fixed phosphorus in the soil and convert it back into phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby reducing the fixation and loss of phosphate fertilizers in the soil and improving the effectiveness of phosphate fertilizers. Utilization rate: The activity of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the soil can promote the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter, increase the content of humus in the soil, thereby improving soil structure, improving the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and aeration, and creating a good soil environment for plant growth. Potassium-solubilizing bacteria can decompose fixed potassium in the soil, reduce the fixation and loss of potassium fertilizer in the soil, recycle potassium in the soil, improve the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer, and reduce agricultural production costs. The metabolites of potassium-solubilizing bacteria can stimulate plant growth, promote root development, and improve the plant's ability to absorb potassium, thereby promoting plant growth and strengthening, improving the plant's resistance to lodging, and improving plant quality and yield. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulation and insoluble compounds in the soil, reduce the accumulation of insoluble compounds, thereby increasing the microbial diversity in the soil, improving the balance of microorganisms in the soil, improving the soil's aeration and water permeability, making the soil structure looser, and conducive to the growth and development of plant roots.

[0027] Bacillus subtilis can rapidly reproduce and colonize in the rhizosphere, on the surface or in the body of grapes and in the soil, effectively repelling, preventing and interfering with the colonization and infection of pathogenic microorganisms on grapes;

[0028] Rhizobia can form nodules in symbiosis with grape roots and fix nitrogen in the air into a nitrogen source that can be absorbed and utilized by grapes, thus reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, lowering production costs, and avoiding environmental pollution caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer application.

[0029] Amino acids can promote grape photosynthesis and chlorophyll formation, and enhance grape respiration;

[0030] Humic acid increases soil aggregate structure, alleviates compaction, improves soil water and fertilizer retention capacity and air permeability, provides a good physical environment for grape root growth, reduces nutrient loss, improves fertilizer utilization, avoids nutrient waste, and reduces production costs;

[0031] Chitosan can induce resistance reactions in grapes, enhance their own defense mechanisms, improve resistance to diseases and insect pests, and reduce the frequency and severity of diseases and insect pests;

[0032] Tetrahydropyrimidine can enhance the cold resistance of grapes, help grapes resist the invasion of cold weather, reduce the frost damage caused by low temperatures, and ensure the growth and wintering safety of grapes in cold areas;

[0033] Biochar is highly stable and porous. When applied to the soil, it can improve the physical structure of the soil, increase the porosity and air permeability of the soil, regulate the moisture conditions of the soil, and provide good ventilation and drainage conditions for the growth of grape roots.

[0034] Furthermore, the fungus group includes any one or more combinations of Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydophorum.

[0035] In this embodiment, the fungal community can effectively decompose complex organic matter in the soil, convert large molecules into small molecules, release nutrients, and enable the grape roots to effectively absorb nutrients, thereby improving the fertility of the soil. Fungal hyphae can entangle soil particles and bond dispersed soil particles into aggregates. A good soil aggregate structure can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and help the growth and extension of the grape roots, so that the roots can more easily obtain water and nutrients in the soil.

[0036] Furthermore, the yeast flora includes any one or more combinations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula glutinosae, Abnormal Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis and Alkali-producing yeast.

[0037] In this embodiment, yeast can decompose complex organic matter in the soil so that these nutrients can be absorbed and utilized by the grape roots, thereby improving soil fertility. Yeast can form a protective film on the roots and leaf surfaces of grape plants to prevent the invasion of pathogens. Yeast can also interact with the immune system of grape plants, activate the plant's defense mechanism, and enhance the plant's resistance to pathogens and pests. Under drought conditions, yeast can regulate the water balance in the plant body and reduce water loss; under saline-alkali conditions, yeast can improve the plant's tolerance to salt and reduce the damage caused by salt to the plant.

[0038] Furthermore, the EM bacteria include any one or more combinations of photosynthetic bacteria, lactobacilli, lactic acid streptococci, actinomycetes and acetic acid bacteria.

[0039] In this embodiment, EM bacteria can secrete a variety of organic acids and other substances, which can neutralize the soil pH, making the soil pH more suitable for grape growth. It can also convert acidic and alkaline soils into neutral soils, respectively, and the salt content of soils can also be alleviated. EM bacteria can produce antibacterial substances, inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests, promote the transportation of sugar in grape fruits, increase the sugar content of fruits, make the grapes more colorful, and make the appearance more beautiful.

[0040] Furthermore, the seaweed extract includes any one or more combinations of fucoidan, alginic acid, mannitol, cytokinin, indoleacetic acid, minerals and lutein.

[0041] In this embodiment, the seaweed extract can stimulate the division and elongation of grape cells, thereby promoting the overall growth of the plant, increasing the chlorophyll content of grape leaves, enhancing the efficiency of photosynthesis, enabling the leaves to more effectively absorb and convert light energy, providing more energy and organic matter for plant growth, promoting sugar accumulation in grape fruits, increasing the sugar content of the fruits, thereby making the grapes sweeter and more delicious, improving the antioxidant capacity of the fruits, extending the shelf life of the fruits, and also helping to improve the nutritional value and storage quality of the fruits.

[0042] Furthermore, the trace element chelate includes any one or more combinations of EDTA-Fe, EDDHA-Fe, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Mg, borax, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, EDTA-Ca and sugar alcohol calcium.

[0043] In this embodiment, the chelating agent in the medium and trace element chelate can combine with metal ions to form a stable ring structure, which can prevent the metal ions from being fixed or precipitated in the soil, so that the metal ions remain soluble and are more easily absorbed by the grape roots, thereby significantly improving the utilization rate of medium and trace elements, increasing the length and surface area of the root system, and further enhancing the root system's ability to absorb nutrients. It can improve the stress resistance of the grape plants and enable them to better withstand adverse environmental conditions such as drought, high temperature, low temperature, and saline-alkali.

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. The method for preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation as described above comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: Weigh nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, ectoine, biochar and trace element chelates according to weight ratio, mix, crush and grind them for later use;

[0046] S2: Weigh Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid according to the proportions;

[0047] S3: adding the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stirring at a uniform speed;

[0048] S4: Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred;

[0049] S5: The final composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation is prepared.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Example 1,

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. The method for preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation as described above comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: Weigh 15 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 30 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10 parts of potassium fertilizer, 7 parts of chitosan, 7 parts of seaweed extract, 0.01 parts of ectoine, 5 parts of biochar, and 1 part of medium and trace element chelate according to the weight ratio, and mix, crush, and grind them for later use;

[0053] S2: Weigh 0.01 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.01 parts of rhizobia, 0.1 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1 parts of fungi, 0.1 parts of yeast, 0.1 parts of EM bacteria, 3 parts of amino acids, and 3 parts of humic acid according to the proportions;

[0054] S3: adding the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stirring at a uniform speed;

[0055] S4: Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred;

[0056] S5: The final composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation is prepared.

[0057] Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used to provide grapes with necessary nutrients so that they can get sufficient nutrients for growth. By adding microbial flora, organic matter in the soil can be decomposed to form humus, so that the soil forms a granular structure, the aeration and water retention of the soil can be increased, the soil can be prevented from being compacted, the pH of the soil can be adjusted, and a more suitable growth environment for the roots of grapes can be created. The use of microbial water-soluble fertilizers can reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce the pollution of soil and water bodies caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and protect the ecological environment. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulation and insoluble compounds in the soil, reduce the accumulation of insoluble compounds, and thereby increase the microbial diversity in the soil, improve the balance of microorganisms in the soil, and improve soil aeration. It improves soil quality and permeability, making the soil structure looser, which is beneficial to the growth and development of plant roots; in the mixing process, keeping the temperature of water-soluble fertilizer below 35℃ can effectively avoid the increase of heat due to friction during the mixing process, which affects the activity of microbial flora and thus affects the use effect of water-soluble fertilizer. It can significantly increase the activity of soil catalase, dehydrogenase, neutral phosphatase and sucrase, thereby promoting the decomposition of organic matter and the transformation of nutrients in the soil, improving soil fertility and vitality, and providing better soil conditions for grape growth. The microorganisms in microbial fertilizer produce a variety of organic acids and polysaccharides during metabolism. These substances can loosen the soil, improve soil aeration and water permeability, make the soil looser, increase porosity, and are beneficial to the growth and extension of grape roots.

[0058] See also Figure 2 , Example 2,

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. The method for preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation as described above comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1: Weigh 20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 35 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts of potash fertilizer, 15 parts of chitin, 15 parts of seaweed extract, 0.03 parts of ectoine, 10 parts of biochar, and 3 parts of medium and trace element chelates according to the weight ratio, and mix, crush, and grind them for later use;

[0061] S2: Weigh 0.03 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.03 parts of rhizobia, 0.2 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.2 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.2 parts of fungi, 0.5 parts of yeast, 0.4 parts of EM bacteria, 5 parts of amino acids, and 5 parts of humic acid according to the proportions;

[0062] S3: adding the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stirring at a uniform speed;

[0063] S4: Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred;

[0064] S5: The final composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation is prepared.

[0065] Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used to provide grapes with necessary nutrients so that they can get sufficient nutrients for growth. By adding microbial flora, organic matter in the soil can be decomposed to form humus, so that the soil forms a granular structure, the aeration and water retention of the soil can be increased, the soil can be prevented from being compacted, the pH of the soil can be adjusted, and a more suitable growth environment for the roots of grapes can be created. The use of microbial water-soluble fertilizers can reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce the pollution of soil and water bodies caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and protect the ecological environment. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulation and insoluble compounds in the soil, reduce the accumulation of insoluble compounds, and thereby increase the microbial diversity in the soil, improve the balance of microorganisms in the soil, and improve soil aeration. It improves soil quality and permeability, making the soil structure looser, which is beneficial to the growth and development of plant roots; in the mixing process, keeping the temperature of water-soluble fertilizer below 35℃ can effectively avoid the increase of heat due to friction during the mixing process, which affects the activity of microbial flora and thus affects the use effect of water-soluble fertilizer. It can significantly increase the activity of soil catalase, dehydrogenase, neutral phosphatase and sucrase, thereby promoting the decomposition of organic matter and the transformation of nutrients in the soil, improving soil fertility and vitality, and providing better soil conditions for grape growth. The microorganisms in microbial fertilizer produce a variety of organic acids and polysaccharides during metabolism. These substances can loosen the soil, improve soil aeration and water permeability, make the soil looser, increase porosity, and are beneficial to the growth and extension of grape roots.

[0066] See also Figure 3 , Example 3,

[0067] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation. The method for preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation as described above comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1: Weigh 17.5 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 32.5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 12.5 parts of potash fertilizer, 11 parts of chitin, 11 parts of seaweed extract, 0.02 parts of ectoine, 7.5 parts of biochar, and 2 parts of medium and trace element chelates according to the weight ratio, and mix, crush, and grind them for later use;

[0069] S2: Weigh 0.02 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.02 parts of rhizobia, 0.15 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.15 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.15 parts of fungi, 0.3 parts of yeast, 0.25 parts of EM bacteria, 4 parts of amino acids, and 4 parts of humic acid according to the proportions;

[0070] S3: adding the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stirring at a uniform speed;

[0071] S4: Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred;

[0072] S5: The final composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation is prepared.

[0073] Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used to provide grapes with necessary nutrients so that they can get sufficient nutrients for growth. By adding microbial flora, organic matter in the soil can be decomposed to form humus, so that the soil forms a granular structure, the aeration and water retention of the soil can be increased, the soil can be prevented from being compacted, the pH of the soil can be adjusted, and a more suitable growth environment for the roots of grapes can be created. The use of microbial water-soluble fertilizers can reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce the pollution of soil and water bodies caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and protect the ecological environment. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can effectively dissolve excessive accumulation and insoluble compounds in the soil, reduce the accumulation of insoluble compounds, and thereby increase the microbial diversity in the soil, improve the balance of microorganisms in the soil, and improve soil aeration. It improves soil quality and permeability, making the soil structure looser, which is beneficial to the growth and development of plant roots; in the mixing process, keeping the temperature of water-soluble fertilizer below 35℃ can effectively avoid the increase of heat due to friction during the mixing process, which affects the activity of microbial flora and thus affects the use effect of water-soluble fertilizer. It can significantly increase the activity of soil catalase, dehydrogenase, neutral phosphatase and sucrase, thereby promoting the decomposition of organic matter and the transformation of nutrients in the soil, improving soil fertility and vitality, and providing better soil conditions for grape growth. The microorganisms in microbial fertilizer produce a variety of organic acids and polysaccharides during metabolism. These substances can loosen the soil, improve soil aeration and water permeability, make the soil looser, increase porosity, and are beneficial to the growth and extension of grape roots.

[0074] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 30-35 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10-15 parts of potassium fertilizer, 0.01-0.03 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.01-0.03 parts of rhizobia, 0.1-0.2 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.2 parts of fungi, 0.1-0.5 parts of yeast, 0.1-0.4 parts of EM bacteria, 3-5 parts of amino acids, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 7-15 parts of chitin, 7-15 parts of seaweed extract, 0.01-0.03 parts of tetrahydropyrimidine, 5-10 parts of biochar and 1-3 parts of medium and trace element chelates.

2. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fungi group includes any one or more combinations of Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chlamydophorum.

3. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yeast flora includes any one or more combinations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula glutinosae, Abnormal Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis and Alkali-producing yeast.

4. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EM bacteria include any one or more combinations of photosynthetic bacteria, lactobacilli, lactic acid streptococci, actinomycetes and acetic acid bacteria.

5. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seaweed extract comprises any one or more combinations of fucoidan, alginic acid, mannitol, cytokinin, indoleacetic acid, minerals and lutein.

6. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element chelate comprises any one or more combinations of EDTA-Fe, EDDHA-Fe, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Mg, borax, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, EDTA-Ca and sugar alcohol calcium.

7. A method for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation, comprising preparing the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Weigh nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates according to weight ratio, mix, crush and grind them for later use; Weigh Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids and humic acid according to proportion; Add the crushed nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, chitin, seaweed extract, tetrahydropyrimidine, biochar and trace element chelates into a stirred tank and stir at a uniform speed; Add weighed Bacillus subtilis, rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, fungi, yeast, EM bacteria, amino acids, and humic acid into a stirred tank, and stir the mixture at a temperature of 35° C. or below until the mixture is uniformly stirred; Finally, the composite water-soluble fertilizer for grape cultivation was prepared.

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