Road deicing and snow melting control method and system based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a road deicing and snow melting control method and system based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling, and relates to the technical field of comprehensive energy and efficient energy saving. The method comprises the following steps: determining the lowest temperature, the heat load prediction value and the energy optimization scheme along the road in the severe cold area over the years and the heat energy demand per unit area of the road surface in each time period meeting the deicing and snow melting conditions; constructing an intelligent control system; establishing calculation models of various configurations in machine rooms of the road deicing and snow melting system and the water distribution and collection system, and determining the actual power consumption of the whole system; establishing a photovoltaic power generation system calculation model; road surface state monitoring is started, real-time road surface state information is fed back to the intelligent control system, and the water dividing and collecting system is controlled based on the intelligent control system to conduct road preheating treatment before snowfall. Light energy and heat energy resources and the like can be fully utilized, the construction and operation cost of the whole system is reduced, and meanwhile road damage in severe cold areas is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of integrated energy and high-efficiency energy-saving technology, and in particular to a road deicing and snow-melting control method and system based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling. Background Art

[0002] Currently, traditional snow-melting methods for roads in extremely cold regions rely primarily on salting, which consumes significant manpower, material, and financial resources and causes significant damage to the road surface. Some researchers have explored increasing the efficiency of de-icing and snow-melting with electric heating cables. However, the proper operation of electric heating snow-melting systems is entirely dependent on electricity. If a power outage occurs during the snow-melting process, the system will cease to function, preventing the snow from melting promptly. Compared to some traditional snow-melting methods, electric heating cables have a higher initial investment cost, which may hinder their market adoption and application. Furthermore, in extremely cold regions, the heating effectiveness of electric heating snow-melting systems may be affected due to the extremely low ambient temperatures, necessitating the addition of auxiliary heating measures or the selection of higher-wattage heating cables. Although electric heating snow-melting systems generally have a service life of several years, over time, the heating cables may age and become damaged, compromising their heating performance and safety. Furthermore, frequent heating and cooling cycles accelerate the aging of the heating cables, necessitating regular replacement, increasing ongoing maintenance and replacement costs. In the event of a malfunction, troubleshooting and repairing the cables can be difficult.

[0003] Optimizing the road system's energy structure, improving energy utilization, and building a safe, diversified, efficient, and environmentally friendly urban heating system are urgently needed. To this end, photovoltaic systems and road circulating water pipe heating systems have been introduced. While these systems require a high initial investment, operating and maintenance costs are relatively low. The photovoltaic panels' energy conversion efficiency can exceed 23%. The production and operation technology for solar photovoltaic power generation equipment is mature and widely used, and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system can be directly used to power equipment in the integrated energy coupling system. However, in actual operation, the energy load of each module in the current road de-icing and snow-melting technology remains constant. This makes it impossible to adjust the operating parameters of each module to adapt to changes in weather conditions and road snow accumulation. This results in the inability to fully utilize various energy resources, such as light and heat, resulting in resource waste. Furthermore, the energy consumption and cost of different modules vary, leading to high operating costs and energy consumption for the entire system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling, so that light energy and thermal energy resources can be fully utilized, the construction and operation costs of the entire system can be reduced, and road damage in cold areas can be reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a road de-icing and snow-melting control method and system based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling. By coupling and optimizing the photovoltaic system with the road circulating water pipe heating system, the problem of melting snow and ice on the road under severe cold weather conditions is solved. At the same time, the intelligent control system is used to realize intelligent temperature control of the photovoltaic system and the circulating water pipe heating system; the working efficiency of the photovoltaic system is improved, the service life of the road surface material is increased, and the efficient operation and economy of the entire coupling system are guaranteed through the optimization algorithm.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Obtain and comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast, energy optimization plan, and the heat energy demand per unit area of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along roads in severe cold regions;

[0009] Establish calculation models for various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the water distribution and catchment system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system;

[0010] Establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system, obtain and design the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system, and then design multiple optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels;

[0011] Start road condition monitoring and feed back real-time road condition information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall.

[0012] This invention designs a road de-icing and snow-melting system and deploys solar panel heat exchangers based on historical minimum temperatures along roads in severely cold regions, as well as load forecasting and energy optimization. A control room for the water distribution system is set up. The power of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and other electrical appliances is selected based on the total length of the buried pipes and the fluid velocity. The system's power consumption is then determined, and the solar panel size and battery model are configured accordingly. Air-compressed drainage equipment is used to drain the liquid from the heat exchanger during winter system shutdowns to prevent ice from accumulating and damaging the buried pipes. External environmental data collected through meteorological data is transmitted to an intelligent control system in collaboration with a road surface monitoring system. When de-icing and snow-melting conditions are met, the entire system is activated. Once all ice and snow on the road are cleared, the intelligent control system receives real-time feedback on the monitoring information, drains the liquid from the heat exchanger, and the entire system is shut down. The intelligent control system issues commands for the de-icing and snow-melting system to operate intermittently, minimizing power consumption and maximizing de-icing and snow-melting efficiency.

[0013] This invention optimizes the coupling configuration of a photovoltaic system with a road circulating water heating system, solving the problem of melting snow and ice on roads in severe cold weather. It also utilizes an intelligent control system to intelligently control the temperature of both the photovoltaic system and the circulating water heating system. This improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and the service life of the road pavement materials. An optimized algorithm ensures the efficient and economical operation of the entire coupled system. This replaces traditional electric heating snow melting methods, extending the service life of roads in extremely cold regions.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, the method for obtaining and comprehensively analyzing meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast value, energy optimization plan, and heat energy demand per unit area of the road surface in various time periods to meet deicing and snowmelting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions includes the following steps:

[0015] Comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions, obtain and calculate hourly the lowest temperature throughout the year, obtain forecast meteorological data for the current period, and fit and generate comprehensive system environmental parameters;

[0016] Obtain and input the comprehensive system environment parameters of the current cycle and the historical system heat load values of multiple consecutive cycles into the preset LSTM-based heat load dynamic prediction model, output the heat load prediction value of the current cycle, and perform real-time dynamic correction on the heat load prediction value;

[0017] Based on the revised heat load prediction value, a multi-objective system operation optimization model is constructed;

[0018] Use genetic algorithms to solve multi-objective system operation optimization models and obtain the optimal system operation optimization plan;

[0019] Obtain and analyze historical meteorological data and the actual weather forecast for the current year, as well as meteorological software and an LSTM-based dynamic heat load prediction model to predict the real-time temperature, humidity, and snowfall conditions during the snowfall period, and determine the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in each time period to meet the de-icing and snow-melting conditions.

[0020] Based on the first aspect, further, the above-mentioned multi-objective system operation optimization model takes the lowest operating cost and electricity consumption of the electric-thermal integrated energy coupling system as the objective function.

[0021] Based on the first aspect, further, the method for establishing a calculation model for various configurations in the road deicing and snow melting system and the water distribution system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system includes the following steps:

[0022] Based on the revised heat load prediction value, calculate the spacing and diameter of the buried heat exchanger for deicing and snow melting;

[0023] Obtain and, based on the dimensions and lift of all buried heat exchangers in the road deicing and snow melting system, as well as the water flow temperature, determine the circulating water pump power, the size of the distribution water tank, and the heater power in the distribution water system machine room;

[0024] The total power is determined based on the power of all electrical appliances in the distribution and catchment system and the power of the intelligent control system.

[0025] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0026] The power of the electric heater and the power of the circulating water pump that meet the road deicing and snow melting conditions are determined based on the actual path length, pipe diameter, circulation speed and heat loss parameters of the road heat exchanger in the road deicing and snow melting system and the solar panel heat exchanger in the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0027] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0028] Obtain and optimize the heat exchanger of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the actual model, size and heat transfer capacity of the solar panel.

[0029] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0030] The start and stop time and cycle of the intelligent control system are calculated and controlled based on multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, snowfall, monitoring system feedback information, system output energy consumption and power consumption.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a road de-icing and snow-melting control system based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, including a data acquisition and analysis module, an intelligent control construction module, a configuration calculation model establishment module, a photovoltaic power generation optimization module, and a road surface monitoring module, wherein:

[0032] The data acquisition and analysis module is used to obtain and comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast value, energy optimization plan, and the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions;

[0033] Configuration calculation model establishment module, used to establish calculation models of various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the water distribution system computer room, and determine the actual power consumption of the entire system;

[0034] The photovoltaic power generation optimization module is used to establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system. It obtains and designs the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system. It then designs various optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels.

[0035] The road surface monitoring module is used to enable road surface status monitoring and feedback real-time road surface status information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall.

[0036] This invention designs a road de-icing and snow-melting system and deploys solar panel heat exchangers based on historical minimum temperatures along roads in severely cold regions, as well as load forecasting and energy optimization. A control room for the water distribution system is set up. The power of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and other electrical appliances is selected based on the total length of the buried pipes and the fluid velocity. The system's power consumption is then determined, and the solar panel size and battery model are configured accordingly. Air-compressed drainage equipment is used to drain the liquid from the heat exchanger during winter system shutdowns to prevent ice from accumulating and damaging the buried pipes. External environmental data collected through meteorological data is transmitted to an intelligent control system in collaboration with a road surface monitoring system. When de-icing and snow-melting conditions are met, the entire system is activated. Once all ice and snow on the road are cleared, the intelligent control system receives real-time feedback on the monitoring information, drains the liquid from the heat exchanger, and the entire system is shut down. The intelligent control system issues commands for the de-icing and snow-melting system to operate intermittently, minimizing power consumption and maximizing de-icing and snow-melting efficiency.

[0037] This invention optimizes the coupling configuration of a photovoltaic system with a road circulating water heating system, solving the problem of melting snow and ice on roads in severe cold weather. It also utilizes an intelligent control system to intelligently control the temperature of both the photovoltaic system and the circulating water heating system. This improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and the service life of the road pavement materials. An optimized algorithm ensures the efficient and economical operation of the entire coupled system. This replaces traditional electric heating snow melting methods, extending the service life of roads in extremely cold regions.

[0038] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory for storing one or more programs; a processor; and when the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the method of any one of the above-mentioned first aspects is implemented.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0040] The present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0041] This invention provides a road de-icing and snow-melting control method and system based on photovoltaic and electric heating coupling. By optimizing the coupling configuration of a photovoltaic system with a road circulating water heating system, this system solves the problem of melting snow and ice on roads in severe cold weather. Furthermore, an intelligent control system is used to intelligently control the temperature of both the photovoltaic system and the circulating water heating system. This method improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and the service life of the pavement materials. An optimization algorithm ensures the efficient operation and economic efficiency of the entire coupled system. This replaces traditional electric heating snow-melting methods, extending the service life of roads in extremely cold regions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall operating framework of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a line diagram of the lowest temperature throughout the year in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the form factor of an array of equally spaced and equally sized tubes in a semi-infinite object with an isothermal surface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of solving the one-dimensional steady-state temperature field of the ground pipe heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the intelligent control operation flow in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0049] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0053] Example:

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1. Obtain and conduct a comprehensive analysis of meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast, energy optimization plan, and heat energy demand per unit area of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions;

[0056] Furthermore, it includes: conducting a comprehensive analysis of meteorological data and meteorological software data along the roads in the severe cold regions, obtaining and calculating the lowest temperature during the whole year (such as Figure 2 (as shown) calculate hourly, obtain the predicted meteorological data of the current period, and fit and generate the comprehensive parameters of the system environment; obtain and input the comprehensive parameters of the system environment of the current period and the historical system heat load values of multiple consecutive periods into the preset LSTM-based heat load dynamic prediction model, output the heat load prediction value of the current period, and perform real-time dynamic correction on the heat load prediction value; construct a multi-objective system operation optimization model based on the corrected heat load prediction value; use genetic algorithm to solve the multi-objective system operation optimization model to obtain the optimal system operation optimization plan; obtain and predict the real-time temperature, humidity and snowfall conditions during the snowfall period based on the meteorological data of previous years and the actual weather forecast of the year, as well as the meteorological software and the LSTM-based heat load dynamic prediction model analysis, and determine the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in each time period to meet the de-icing and snow-melting conditions.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, meteorological data is collected through weather forecasts and meteorological sensors along the road and transmitted in real time. Meteonorm8 software is a comprehensive year-round temperature analysis software. Developed by Meteotest, Meteonorm is widely used in the energy industry and is the default meteorological database for photovoltaic design software. Meteonorm 8.0 primarily updates the time series and algorithms for meteorological data, enabling more refined forecasts of meteorological data. Based on the changes in the lowest temperature over the entire year, a calculation and analysis is performed to obtain the predicted meteorological data for the current cycle, and the system environmental comprehensive parameters are fitted and generated. The system environmental comprehensive parameters for the current cycle and the historical system heat load values for multiple consecutive cycles are input into the LSTM-based heat load dynamic prediction model. LSTM, as a special recursive neural network, retains the RNN's memory characteristics for previous information by adding three gate structures: input gate, output gate, and forget gate, while avoiding the RNN's gradient vanishing and gradient exploding phenomena. The cell state runs on this line, with only a small number of linear operations, which allows information to flow more completely through the entire line, thereby enabling long-term memory. The calculation process of the three gate structures of the LSTM network is as follows:

[0058] ① Forget gate: The function of the forget gate ft is to control the amount of information that needs to be forgotten in the cell state and decide what information to discard from the cell state. The expression is: ft =σ(W f x t +U f h t-1 +b f ); where σ is the Sigmoid function, x t is the current input, h t-1 is the output at the previous moment, U f is the cyclic weight vector of the forget gate control unit, W f is the weight matrix of the forget gate, b f is the bias term.

[0059] ② Input gate: The function of the input gate is to determine what kind of new information is stored in the cell state. It mainly consists of two parts. The first is to determine the degree of update through the Sigmoid function, which is expressed as: t =σ(W i x t +U i h t-1 +b i );where: x t is the current input, h t-1 is the output of the previous moment, Wi is the weight matrix, U i is the recurrent weight vector of the input gate control unit, b i is the bias term. The second is to determine the amount of information to be output in the cell state, and the output value is determined by the tanh function, which is expressed as: Where: x t is the current input, h t-1 is the output at the previous moment, U c is the cyclic weight vector of the candidate control unit of the input gate, tanh is the hyperbolic tangent function; W c is the weight matrix, b c is the bias term.

[0060] ③Output gate: output gate o t By taking the cell state c at the previous moment t-1 Updated to c t To determine the output part, c t The expression is: Output gate o t The expression is:

[0061] o t =σ(W o x t +U o h t-1 +b o )

[0062] h t =ot ×tanh(c t )

[0063] Where x t is the current input, h t-1 is the output at the previous moment, U o The output gate control unit circulates the weight vector W o with b o Represented as weight matrix and bias term respectively; h t is the hidden layer output at the current moment.

[0064] Output the heat load forecast value of the current cycle and perform real-time dynamic correction on the heat load forecast value; based on the corrected heat load forecast value, construct a multi-objective system operation optimization model with the operation cost of the electric-thermal integrated energy coupling system and the minimum electricity consumption as the objective function; use the genetic algorithm to solve the model and obtain the optimal operation optimization plan.

[0065] S2. Build an intelligent control system for controlling the start and stop of other systems; the other systems include a road de-icing and snow-melting system, a water distribution and catchment system, and a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, an economic analysis and calculation program for energy configuration is created, and an intelligent control system is designed to achieve optimal energy efficiency and economic performance. This intelligent control system minimizes energy consumption and maximizes de-icing and snow-melting efficiency through automated heating and start-stopping.

[0067] S3. Establish a calculation model for the various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the drainage system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system; the road de-icing and snow-melting system mainly includes a heat exchanger; the drainage system computer room mainly includes an electric heater, a circulating water pump, and air-compressed drainage equipment.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, due to the extremely low winter temperatures in cold regions, road de-icing and snow-melting require a large amount of heat, making it crucial to determine the fluid temperature in the ground heat exchanger. The road de-icing and snow-melting module considers the road surface and the ground heat exchanger as a whole and ultimately determines the fluid temperature within the pipe through theoretical calculations. The specific calculation steps are as follows:

[0069] (1) Calculation of road surface convection heat transfer:

[0070] The heat transfer phenomenon often involved in engineering is often the heat exchange between the fluid and the wall surface with different temperature. The road surface in cold areas can be regarded as a large flat wall. The cold air flows on the flat wall as a fluid, which conforms to the convection heat transfer theory. Therefore, a convection heat transfer model above the road surface is established, using the Newton cooling formula Q = h (t w2-t f )A calculation solution. Where: Q is the heat exchange required to meet the snow melting conditions, W; t w2 is the road surface temperature, K; t f is the outdoor air fluid temperature, K; h is the air fluid heat transfer coefficient, W / (m 2 ·K); A is the actual area of the road surface, m 2 .

[0071] (2) Calculation of contact heat transfer of evenly spaced tubes

[0072] According to the two-dimensional steady-state heat conduction law in the Fourier equation of heat transfer, for the heat flux between two known constant temperature contact boundaries, factors related to the geometric shape and size of the object are summarized together for the convenience of calculation, which is called the shape factor. The model in this paper uses the shape factor of the equally spaced and equal-diameter tubes in the semi-infinite object with an isothermal surface, such as Figure 3 The calculation method of the heat transfer Q required by the road surface is as follows: Where: Q is the heat exchange required to meet the snow melting conditions, W; t w2 is the road surface temperature, K; t w1 is the surface temperature of the outer wall of the buried pipe, K; λ is the thermal conductivity of the pavement material, W / (m·K); H is the distance between the road surface and the horizontal plane of the center of the buried pipe, m; b is the horizontal spacing of the buried pipe heat exchanger, m; l is the total length of the buried pipe heat exchanger, m; R is the radius of the outer surface of the buried pipe, m.

[0073] (3) Calculation of underground pipe heat exchange

[0074] Since the length of the buried pipe is much larger than its diameter, the temperature variation along the buried pipe direction can be ignored. Therefore, the temperature field of the buried pipe heat exchanger is solved according to the one-dimensional steady-state temperature field, as follows: Figure 4 The calculation method for the heat exchange Q required for the buried pipe is shown in the following formula: Where: Q is the heat exchange required to meet the snow melting conditions, W; t w1 is the surface temperature of the buried pipe outer wall, K; t w0 is the liquid temperature inside the buried pipe, K; λ' is the thermal conductivity of the buried pipe material, W / (m·K); b is the horizontal spacing of the buried pipe heat exchanger, m; l is the total length of the buried pipe heat exchanger, m; R is the outer surface radius of the buried pipe, m; r is the inner surface radius of the buried pipe, m.

[0075] S4. Establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system, obtain and design the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system, and then design multiple optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels; the photovoltaic power generation system mainly includes solar panels, heat exchangers, and battery packs.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchanger calculation in the photovoltaic power generation system is designed with reference to the calculation of buried pipes in the road. The photovoltaic system controls power in different time periods: 18:00-24:00 (100%), 0:00-6:00 (20%), and the actual working time is 7.2 hours.

[0077] Battery capacity:

[0078] The system needs to meet the power consumption of 5 consecutive rainy days and the previous night. To prevent overcharging and over-discharging, charge to about 90% and reserve about 20% for discharge. The actual required value is only 70% of the battery capacity, so the battery pack capacity is designed. The calculation method is shown in the following formula: Battery capacity Where: P is the total power of electrical appliances in the system, W; U1 is the voltage of the battery pack, V.

[0079] Peak demand of solar panels: Based on the voltage of solar panels, 6 hours of effective sunlight per day, and a 20% reserve for the charging efficiency of solar panels, the peak demand of solar panels is designed, and the appropriate panel model and size are selected based on the calculation results. The calculation method is shown in the following formula: Peak demand of solar panels Where: P is the total power of electrical appliances in the system, W; U1 is the voltage of the battery pack, V; U2 is the designed voltage of the solar panel, V.

[0080] S5. Start road condition monitoring and feed back real-time road condition information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall. The intelligent control system is set in the water distribution system room. The system operation process is as follows: Figure 5 The intelligent control system is mainly responsible for receiving meteorological data and road condition monitoring information, and through intelligent control, it completes the start and stop of solar panel heat exchangers, buried pipe heat exchangers, electric heaters, circulating water pumps, and compressed air drainage equipment.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, road condition monitoring information and temperature monitoring serve as the end points of meteorological data collection and comprehensive temperature analysis data transmission throughout the year, are embedded in the intelligent control system and combined with the road condition monitoring module as the front-end data of the intelligent control system.

[0082] This invention designs a road de-icing and snow-melting system and deploys solar panel heat exchangers based on historical minimum temperatures along roads in severely cold regions, as well as load forecasting and energy optimization. A control room for the water distribution system is set up. The power of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and other electrical appliances is selected based on the total length of the buried pipes and the fluid velocity. The system's power consumption is then determined, and the solar panel size and battery model are configured accordingly. Air-compressed drainage equipment is used to drain the liquid from the heat exchanger during winter system shutdowns to prevent ice from accumulating and damaging the buried pipes. External environmental data collected through meteorological data is transmitted to an intelligent control system in collaboration with a road surface monitoring system. When de-icing and snow-melting conditions are met, the entire system is activated. Once all ice and snow on the road are cleared, the intelligent control system receives real-time feedback on the monitoring information, drains the liquid from the heat exchanger, and the entire system is shut down. The intelligent control system issues commands for the de-icing and snow-melting system to operate intermittently, minimizing power consumption and maximizing de-icing and snow-melting efficiency.

[0083] This invention optimizes the coupling configuration of a photovoltaic system with a road circulating water heating system, solving the problem of melting snow and ice on roads in severe cold weather. It also utilizes an intelligent control system to intelligently control the temperature of both the photovoltaic system and the circulating water heating system. This improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and the service life of the road pavement materials. An optimized algorithm ensures the efficient and economical operation of the entire coupled system. This replaces traditional electric heating snow melting methods, extending the service life of roads in extremely cold regions.

[0084] Based on the first aspect, further, the above-mentioned multi-objective system operation optimization model takes the lowest operating cost and electricity consumption of the electric-thermal integrated energy coupling system as the objective function.

[0085] Based on the first aspect, further, the method for establishing a calculation model for various configurations in the road deicing and snow melting system and the water distribution system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system includes the following steps:

[0086] Based on the revised heat load prediction value, calculate the spacing and diameter of the buried heat exchanger for deicing and snow melting;

[0087] Obtain and, based on the dimensions and lift of all buried heat exchangers in the road deicing and snow melting system, as well as the water flow temperature, determine the circulating water pump power, the size of the distribution water tank, and the heater power in the distribution water system machine room;

[0088] The total power is determined based on the power of all electrical appliances in the water distribution system and the power of the intelligent control system.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the road's per-unit heat energy demand and maximum fluid temperature under the lowest annual temperature conditions, various optimized configurations for electric heater power, circulating water pump power, and the material, size, and length of the road heat exchanger pipes are determined to meet road de-icing and snow-melting requirements. The actual power consumption of various electrical appliances within the entire water distribution system machine room is then determined. Meteorological data is used to predict road surface temperatures to determine heat exchange demand. Based on this heat exchange demand, the outer wall temperature is calculated using a heat transfer model of the pipe wall and soil. The fluid temperature within the pipe is then determined using a heat transfer model of the pipe body. The maximum fluid temperature, when the outdoor temperature is the lowest, requires the highest fluid temperature to meet the heat load requirements for de-icing and snow-melting.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat energy demand per unit area is calculated by a heat exchanger model of a road deicing and snow melting system, and the calculation model is a two-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model.

[0091] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0092] The power of the electric heater and the power of the circulating water pump that meet the road deicing and snow melting conditions are determined based on the actual path length, pipe diameter, circulation speed and heat loss parameters of the road heat exchanger in the road deicing and snow melting system and the solar panel heat exchanger in the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0093] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0094] Obtain and optimize the heat exchanger of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the actual model, size and heat transfer capacity of the solar panel.

[0095] Based on the first aspect, the road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling further includes the following steps:

[0096] The start and stop time and cycle of the intelligent control system are calculated and controlled based on multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, snowfall, monitoring system feedback information, system output energy consumption and power consumption.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, the intelligent automatic start-stop control system calculates and controls the system start-stop time and cycle based on parameters such as temperature, humidity, snowfall, monitoring system feedback information, system output energy consumption, and power consumption, and achieves optimal energy efficiency and economy through the intelligent control system.

[0098] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a road de-icing and snow-melting control system based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, including a data acquisition and analysis module, an intelligent control construction module, a configuration calculation model establishment module, a photovoltaic power generation optimization module, and a road surface monitoring module, wherein:

[0099] The data acquisition and analysis module is used to obtain and comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast value, energy optimization plan, and the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions;

[0100] Configuration calculation model establishment module, used to establish calculation models of various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the water distribution system computer room, and determine the actual power consumption of the entire system;

[0101] The photovoltaic power generation optimization module is used to establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system. It obtains and designs the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system. It then designs various optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels.

[0102] The road surface monitoring module is used to enable road surface status monitoring and feedback real-time road surface status information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall.

[0103] This invention designs a road de-icing and snow-melting system and deploys solar panel heat exchangers based on historical minimum temperatures along roads in severely cold regions, as well as load forecasting and energy optimization. A control room for the water distribution system is set up. The power of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and other electrical appliances is selected based on the total length of the buried pipes and the fluid velocity. The system's power consumption is then determined, and the solar panel size and battery model are configured accordingly. Air-compressed drainage equipment is used to drain the liquid from the heat exchanger during winter system shutdowns to prevent ice from accumulating and damaging the buried pipes. External environmental data collected through meteorological data is transmitted to an intelligent control system in collaboration with a road surface monitoring system. When de-icing and snow-melting conditions are met, the entire system is activated. Once all ice and snow on the road are cleared, the intelligent control system receives real-time feedback on the monitoring information, drains the liquid from the heat exchanger, and the entire system is shut down. The intelligent control system issues commands for the de-icing and snow-melting system to operate intermittently, minimizing power consumption and maximizing de-icing and snow-melting efficiency.

[0104] This invention optimizes the coupling configuration of a photovoltaic system with a road circulating water heating system, solving the problem of melting snow and ice on roads in severe cold weather. It also utilizes an intelligent control system to intelligently control the temperature of both the photovoltaic system and the circulating water heating system. This improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and the service life of the road pavement materials. An optimized algorithm ensures the efficient and economical operation of the entire coupled system. This replaces traditional electric heating snow melting methods, extending the service life of roads in extremely cold regions.

[0105] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory for storing one or more programs and a processor. When the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of the first aspects is implemented.

[0106] The system also includes a communication interface. The memory, processor, and communication interface are electrically connected to each other directly or indirectly to enable data transmission or interaction. For example, these components can be electrically connected to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines. The memory can be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor executes the software programs and modules stored in the memory to perform various functional applications and data processing. The communication interface can be used to communicate signaling or data with other node devices.

[0107] Among them, the memory can be, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), etc.

[0108] A processor can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU) or a network processor (NP). It can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0109] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and systems can also be implemented in other ways. The method and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the methods and systems, methods, and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, and the module, program segment, or a portion of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0110] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0111] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects above when executed by a processor. If the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0112] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0113] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain and comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast, energy optimization plan, and the heat energy demand per unit area of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along roads in severe cold regions; Build an intelligent control system that controls the start and stop of other systems; Establish calculation models for various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the water distribution and catchment system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system; Establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system, obtain and design the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system, and then design multiple optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels; Start road condition monitoring and feed back real-time road condition information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall.

2. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining and comprehensively analyzing meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical lowest temperatures, heat load forecast values, energy optimization plans, and heat energy requirements per unit area of the road surface in various time periods that meet deicing and snowmelting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions comprises the following steps: Comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions, obtain and calculate hourly the lowest temperature throughout the year, obtain forecast meteorological data for the current period, and fit and generate comprehensive system environmental parameters; Obtain and input the comprehensive system environment parameters of the current cycle and the historical system heat load values of multiple consecutive cycles into the preset LSTM-based heat load dynamic prediction model, output the heat load prediction value of the current cycle, and perform real-time dynamic correction on the heat load prediction value; Based on the revised heat load prediction value, a multi-objective system operation optimization model is constructed; Use genetic algorithms to solve multi-objective system operation optimization models and obtain the optimal system operation optimization plan; Obtain and analyze historical meteorological data and the actual weather forecast for the current year, as well as meteorological software and an LSTM-based dynamic heat load prediction model to predict the real-time temperature, humidity, and snowfall conditions during the snowfall period, and determine the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in each time period to meet the de-icing and snow-melting conditions.

3. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The multi-objective system operation optimization model takes the operation cost and electric energy consumption of the electric-thermal integrated energy coupling system as the objective function.

4. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method for establishing a calculation model for various configurations in the road deicing and snow melting system and the water distribution system computer room to determine the actual power consumption of the entire system includes the following steps: Based on the revised heat load prediction value, calculate the spacing and diameter of the buried heat exchanger for deicing and snow melting; Obtain and, based on the dimensions and lift of all buried heat exchangers in the road deicing and snow melting system, as well as the water flow temperature, determine the circulating water pump power, the size of the distribution water tank, and the heater power in the distribution water system machine room; The total power is determined based on the power of all electrical appliances in the distribution and catchment system and the power of the intelligent control system.

5. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The power of the electric heater and the power of the circulating water pump that meet the road deicing and snow melting conditions are determined based on the actual path length, pipe diameter, circulation speed and heat loss parameters of the road heat exchanger in the road deicing and snow melting system and the solar panel heat exchanger in the photovoltaic power generation system.

6. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Obtain and optimize the heat exchanger of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the actual model, size and heat transfer capacity of the solar panel.

7. The road deicing and snow melting control method based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The start and stop time and cycle of the intelligent control system are calculated and controlled based on multiple parameters such as temperature, humidity, snowfall, monitoring system feedback information, system output energy consumption and power consumption.

8. A road de-icing and snow-melting control system based on photovoltaic + electric heating coupling, characterized in that: It includes data acquisition and analysis module, intelligent control construction module, configuration calculation model establishment module, photovoltaic power generation optimization module and road surface monitoring module, among which: The data acquisition and analysis module is used to obtain and comprehensively analyze meteorological data and meteorological software data along roads in severe cold regions to determine the historical minimum temperature, heat load forecast value, energy optimization plan, and the unit area heat energy demand of the road surface in various time periods to meet de-icing and snow-melting conditions along the roads in severe cold regions; Intelligent control building module, used to build an intelligent control system, which is used to control the start and stop of other systems; Configuration calculation model establishment module, used to establish calculation models of various configurations in the road de-icing and snow-melting system and the water distribution system computer room, and determine the actual power consumption of the entire system; The photovoltaic power generation optimization module is used to establish a calculation model for the photovoltaic power generation system. It obtains and designs the rated power of the photovoltaic panels and the battery power based on the actual power consumption of the electric heater, circulating water pump, and intelligent control system. It then designs various optimized configurations of the buried pipe material, size, and length of the photovoltaic system heat exchanger based on the actual size of the photovoltaic panels. The road surface monitoring module is used to enable road surface status monitoring and feedback real-time road surface status information to the intelligent control system. Based on the intelligent control system, the water distribution system is controlled to preheat the road before snowfall.

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