Lining trolley pipeline pouring device and pouring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction devices, in particular to a lining trolley pipeline pouring device and method. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device comprises a formwork, a pouring pipeline and a material distribution device; the two sets of pouring pipelines are symmetrical along the vertical plane of the formwork and are circumferentially distributed on the back, close to the axis of the formwork, of the formwork in a snakelike shape, the material distributing devices are supported on the back of the formwork and correspond to the pouring openings in a one-to-one mode, each pouring section is disconnected at multiple positions to form multiple output nodes, and the material distributing devices are used for adjusting and controlling opening and closing of the output nodes. The trolley has the advantages that the pouring pipelines are close to the formwork and arranged in a snake shape, under the action of the material distributing device, all the pipelines do not need to be connected again manually or through equipment in the construction process, the internal space of the trolley does not need to be additionally occupied, the internal working space of the trolley is reserved, the workload of constructors is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the construction progress is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction devices, and in particular to a lining trolley pipeline casting device and a casting method. Background Art

[0002] Secondary lining trolleys, also known as tunnel lining trolleys, are essential, non-standard design products for secondary lining during tunnel construction. Currently, secondary lining trolley concrete pouring systems primarily include pumping, chute, jet, combined, intelligent, and vault-casting systems.

[0003] Existing lining trolleys mostly feature a spigot-type pouring port. An intelligent pouring system, combined with a chute, allows for layered concrete pouring. When opened, the chute extends beyond the window, pouring concrete from bottom to top. When closed, the chute retracts, sealing the window. However, this pouring method in existing lining trolleys results in a large space occupied by the pouring port and the piping layout, hindering the overall compactness of the lining trolley. Furthermore, chute pouring inevitably involves the process of connecting the pipes, resulting in low pouring efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a lining trolley pipeline casting device and casting method, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the chute casting form occupies a large space and has low construction efficiency.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a lining trolley pipe casting device, comprising a template, a casting pipe and a distribution device; the template is arc-shaped and the axis of the template coincides with the axis of the tunnel, and a casting cavity is formed between the template and the tunnel; the casting pipes are arranged in two groups symmetrical along the vertical plane of the template, both of which are serpentinely distributed circumferentially on the back of the template close to its own axis, and the casting pipes include casting sections and connecting sections connected in sequence, the casting sections are parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the position of the upstream casting section is lower than that of the downstream casting section; a number of casting ports are opened on the template, and the distribution device is supported on the back of the template and corresponds to the position of the casting ports one by one, each casting section is separated along its length to form multiple output nodes, and the distribution device is used to regulate the opening and closing of the output nodes.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for casting a lining trolley pipeline, which is applied to the lining trolley pipeline casting device in the above technical solution. The casting method includes:

[0010] S1: According to the flow direction of concrete in the two sets of pouring pipes, the first rotating member is rotated forward to the first output position to output concrete to the pouring cavity, and the pouring status in the pouring cavity is monitored by a camera;

[0011] S2: Based on the concrete pressure detected by the first pressure sensor, the corresponding rotating member is reversely rotated to the second output position to hide the camera and continue pouring concrete into the pouring cavity;

[0012] S3: vibrate the concrete in the pouring cavity;

[0013] S4: Based on the second pressure sensor detecting that the concrete pressure reaches a threshold, the rotating member is rotated in the reverse direction to enter the connecting position.

[0014] S5: Repeat S1-S4 until the secondary lining operation of the tunnel is completed.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the lining trolley pipe pouring device and pouring method of the present invention, by arranging the pouring pipes in a serpentine shape close to the formwork, under the action of the material distribution device, does not require manual labor or equipment to reconnect the individual pipes during the construction process, and does not require additional space inside the trolley. This not only preserves the internal working space of the trolley, but also greatly reduces the workload of construction personnel and speeds up the construction progress. At the same time, the degree of standardization of construction is improved, thereby improving construction quality.

[0017] During the pouring process, a symmetrical material distribution method is adopted, and pouring is carried out one by one in the order from upstream to downstream. There is no need to remove or replace pipes during the pouring process. The whole process is continuous and smooth, with almost no window period, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0018] After pouring is completed, the pouring device needs to be moved out of the tunnel. Then, under the premise of removing and replacing the pipes, the pouring pipeline can be cleaned by cleaning it once, which is conducive to removing the residual materials in the pipeline at one time, eliminating the process of removing and replacing the pipes when cleaning the pipeline in the existing technology, thereby reducing labor intensity and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0019] The pouring pipes are arranged circumferentially along the back of the formwork in a serpentine configuration, saving space while enhancing the overall structural stability of the system. The pouring sections are parallel to the tunnel axis and gradually rise from upstream to downstream. This stepped arrangement utilizes gravity to assist concrete flow, helping to reduce pumping resistance, improve filling efficiency, and effectively prevent concrete segregation.

[0020] The distribution device controls the opening and closing of multiple output nodes on the pouring pipe, enabling precise control of concrete flow direction and volume. Each pouring section is disconnected at multiple points, forming several output nodes. The distribution device sequentially opens and closes these nodes, ensuring uniform distribution of concrete throughout the pouring cavity, significantly improving the integrity and density of the lining structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the lining trolley pipeline pouring device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the lining trolley pipeline pouring device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the material distribution device of the present invention when it is in the connecting position;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the material distribution device of the present invention when it is in the first output position;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the second structural diagram of the material distributing device of the present invention when it is in the connecting position;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the material distributing device of the present invention when it is in the first output position;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the material distribution device of the present invention when it is in the second output position;

[0028] Figure 8 This is the third structural diagram of the material distributing device of the present invention when it is in the first output position;

[0029] Figure 9 This is the second structural diagram of the material distributing device of the present invention when it is in the second output position;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a system block diagram of the controller, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, camera and telescopic drive member of the present invention.

[0031] Description of Reference Numerals

[0032] 1: Formwork; 1a, pouring port; 11, side formwork; 12, top formwork;

[0033] 2: Casting pipeline; 21, casting section; 21a, upstream end of output node; 21b, downstream end of output node;

[0034] 22. Connecting section;

[0035] 3: cloth device;

[0036] 31, rotating member; 31a, concrete channel; 31aa, first end; 31ab, second end; 31b, transition surface; 31c, arc surface; 31d, first sealing surface; 31e, second sealing surface;

[0037] 32, base; 32b, rotating chamber; 32ba, concrete inlet; 32bb, concrete outlet;

[0038] 4: Main pipeline;

[0039] 5: Controller;

[0040] 6. Camera;

[0041] 7. First pressure sensor;

[0042] 8. Second pressure sensor;

[0043] 9. Drive assembly; 91. Telescopic drive member; 92. Crank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to better explain the present invention, so as to facilitate understanding, the following Figures 1-10 , the present invention is described in detail through specific implementation methods. Figure 1 The orientation is referenced.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] Reference Figures 1-10 An embodiment of the present invention provides a lining trolley pipe pouring device for secondary lining operations in tunnels, comprising a formwork 1, a pouring pipe 2, and a material distribution device 3; the formwork 1 is arc-shaped, the axis of the formwork 1 coincides with the axis of the tunnel, and a pouring cavity is formed between the formwork 1 and the tunnel; the pouring pipe 2 is arranged in two groups symmetrical along the vertical plane of the formwork 1, both of which are serpentinely distributed circumferentially on the back of the formwork 1 near its own axis; the pouring pipe 2 includes a pouring section 21 and a connecting section 22 connected in sequence, the pouring section 21 is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the position of the upstream pouring section 21 is lower than that of the downstream pouring section 21; a plurality of pouring ports 1a are opened on the formwork 1, the material distribution device 3 is supported on the back of the formwork 1 and corresponds to the position of the pouring ports 1a one by one, each pouring section 21 is separated along its length to form a plurality of output nodes, and the material distribution device 3 is used to control the opening and closing of the output nodes.

[0047] The pouring device also includes a main pipeline 4 and a pump truck. One end of the main pipeline 4 is connected to the upstream ends of the two groups of pouring pipelines 2 through a tee, and the other end of the main pipeline 4 is connected to the pump truck.

[0048] In this embodiment, by arranging the pouring pipes 2 in a serpentine shape close to the formwork 1, and with the help of the material distribution device 3, there is no need for manual labor or equipment to reconnect the individual pipes during the construction process, and no additional space inside the trolley is required. This not only preserves the internal working space of the trolley, but also greatly reduces the workload of the construction personnel and speeds up the construction progress. At the same time, the degree of standardization of the construction is improved, thereby improving the construction quality.

[0049] During the pouring process, a symmetrical material distribution method is adopted, and pouring is carried out one by one at the pouring opening 1a in the order from upstream to downstream. There is no need to remove or replace pipes during the pouring process. The whole process is continuous and smooth, with almost no window period, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0050] After pouring is completed, the pouring device needs to be moved out of the tunnel. Then, under the premise of removing and replacing the pipes, the pouring pipe 2 can be cleaned by cleaning it once, which is conducive to removing the residual materials in the pipe at one time, eliminating the process of removing and replacing the pipes when cleaning the pipes in the existing technology, thereby reducing labor intensity and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0051] This device integrates formwork 1, pouring pipes 2, and a distribution device 3, achieving high efficiency, uniformity, and controllability during concrete pouring. Formwork 1 features an arc-shaped design, with its axis aligned with the tunnel axis. This ensures that the finished lining structure closely matches the tunnel geometry. A pouring cavity for concrete filling is naturally formed between formwork 1 and the tunnel wall, providing a stable spatial foundation for subsequent construction.

[0052] The pouring pipe 2 is arranged circumferentially behind the formwork 1 in a serpentine configuration, saving space while enhancing the overall structural stability of the system. The pouring section 21 runs parallel to the tunnel axis and gradually rises from upstream to downstream. This stepped arrangement utilizes gravity to assist concrete flow, helping to reduce pumping resistance, improve filling efficiency, and effectively prevent concrete segregation.

[0053] The distribution device 3 controls the opening and closing of multiple output nodes on the pouring pipe 2, enabling precise control of the concrete flow direction and volume. Each pouring section 21 is disconnected at multiple locations, forming several output nodes. The distribution device 3 sequentially opens and closes the corresponding nodes, ensuring uniform distribution of concrete throughout the pouring cavity, significantly improving the integrity and density of the lining structure.

[0054] This technical solution departs from the traditional piping arrangement by arranging the pouring pipe 2 in a serpentine pattern against the formwork 1, with the pouring pipe 2 aligned with each layer's pouring opening 1a. This eliminates the need for traditional chutes for layered pouring, nor does it require diversion pipe devices to divert the flow of water from each pouring pipe 2, significantly saving space within the trolley. By arranging the pipes in a serpentine pattern, concrete can be poured layer by layer from top to bottom through a single pipeline, without interfering with the concrete pouring operations on both sides. This pouring method not only increases the usable space within the trolley but also makes the pipes more stable.

[0055] Because the main pipeline 4 and the two sets of pouring pipes 2 are connected by a tee, concrete is evenly distributed to the serpentine-shaped pouring pipes 2 on both sides under the action of pumping pressure, ensuring the simultaneous pouring process on both sides and avoiding uneven loading of the formwork 1 due to uneven flow. This centralized feeding mode reduces the need for frequent movement of pump trucks or switching of interfaces, improving construction efficiency and reducing the risk of errors caused by manual operation.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] Reference Figures 1-10 In addition to all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further have the following technical solutions:

[0058] Each material distribution device 3 includes a rotating member 31, in which a concrete channel 31a is formed. The two ends of the concrete channel 31a are respectively a first end 31aa and a second end 31ab; the rotating member 31 can rotate into a connecting position and a first output position; in the connecting position, the first end 31aa is connected to the upstream end 21a of the output node, and the second end 31ab is connected to the downstream end 21b of the output node, so that the material distribution device 3 closes the output node; in the first output position, the second end 31ab is connected to the upstream end 21a of the output node, and the first end 31aa extends from the pouring port 1a to the pouring cavity to open the output node.

[0059] In this embodiment, the material distributing device 3 can be switched between two functional states, namely, the connecting position and the first output position, by the rotation of the rotating member 31 within a specific angle range.

[0060] When rotating member 31 is in the connecting position, first end 31aa connects to the upstream end 21a of the output node, and second end 31ab connects to the downstream end, forming a continuous path. Concrete can now be smoothly conveyed along pouring pipe 2 without being discharged from pouring port 1a corresponding to the current distribution device 3. This effectively "closes" or "isolates" the output node, preventing it from participating in the current concrete injection operation. This state ensures that concrete can flow smoothly through the node and be delivered to other pouring areas further away, ensuring the continuity and stability of the overall conveying path.

[0061] When the rotating member 31 rotates to the first output position, the second end 31ab connects to the upstream end 21a of the output node, while the first end 31aa extends from the pouring port 1a on the template 1 into the pouring cavity, thereby opening the output node and allowing concrete to flow out and into the pouring cavity. This action enables precise distribution of concrete to specific areas, allowing construction workers to selectively open corresponding output nodes according to actual needs, improving the controllability and flexibility of the construction process.

[0062] Specifically, the angular difference between the first output position and the connection position can be about 120°. The concrete channel 31a itself is set to be curved, and the angular difference between the first end 31aa and the second end 31ab is also about 120° to ensure that it can smoothly output concrete.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] Reference Figures 1-10 In addition to all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further have the following technical solutions:

[0065] The material distribution device 3 also includes a base 32, which is fixedly connected to the back of the template 1 and corresponds to the position of the pouring port 1a; a rotating chamber 32b is formed in the base 32, and an opening is opened on the circumferential side wall of the rotating chamber 32b facing the pouring chamber. The rotating member 31 is rotatably connected to the rotating chamber 32b along the first axis, and the circumferential outer surface of the rotating member 31 forms an arc surface 31c and a transition surface 31b that are connected to each other. The arc surface 31c is slidingly and sealingly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating chamber 32b, and the first end 31aa and the second end 31ab are both located on the arc surface 31c; the two axial end surfaces of the rotating member 31 respectively form a first sealing surface 31d and a second sealing surface 31e, which are slidingly and sealingly connected to the axial inner wall of the rotating chamber 32b, and the first sealing surface 31d faces the bottom of the pouring chamber.

[0066] Under the action of the first sealing surface 31d, the second sealing surface 31e and the arc surface 31c, the rotating cavity 32b will maintain a relatively sealed space during the concrete pouring process, which is beneficial to improving the rotation smoothness and reliability of the rotating member 31.

[0067] A concrete inlet 32ba and a concrete outlet 32bb are formed on the side wall of the rotating cavity 32b. The upstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba is connected to the upstream end 21a of the output node, and the downstream end of the concrete outlet 32bb is connected to the downstream end 21b of the output node. In the connecting position, the first end 31aa is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba, and the second end 31ab is connected to the upstream end of the concrete outlet 32bb. The transition surface 31b closes the opening and is embedded in the casting port 1a, and is flush with the outer wall of the template 1. In the first output position, the second end 31ab is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba, and the first end 31aa extends through the opening and the casting port 1a into the casting cavity.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the rotating member 31 is in the connecting position, a complete path is created that passes through the distribution device 3 but does not exit. Concrete is then transported along its original path to other areas, rather than being injected into the casting cavity. Simultaneously, the transition surface 31b seals the casting opening 1a, preventing concrete in the casting cavity from flowing back into the distribution device 3. This ensures the safety and sealing of the system, while also maintaining the smoothness of the outer surface of the formwork 1 and enhancing the effectiveness of the secondary lining.

[0069] When the output node needs to be opened for local distribution, the rotating member 31 rotates to the first output position. At this time, after entering the distribution device 3, the concrete extends from the opening through the first end 31aa and out of the pouring port 1a, directly into the pouring cavity, completing the precise feeding of the area.

[0070] Example 4:

[0071] Reference Figures 1-10 In addition to all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further have the following technical solutions:

[0072] The pouring device further comprises a controller 5 , which is adapted to control the rotation of the rotating member 31 .

[0073] The template 1 includes two side molds 11 on both sides and a top mold 12 on the top, and the top mold 12 is connected to the side mold 11; the pouring device also includes a camera 6 and a first pressure sensor 7 connected to the controller 5 and corresponding to each other. The camera 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 31 corresponding to the side mold 11 and embedded in the first sealing surface 31d; the detection end of the first pressure sensor 7 is located outside the side mold 11 and corresponds to the lower position of the camera 6 to detect the pouring height of the concrete; when the rotating member 31 is in the first output position, the camera 6 is located outside the rotating cavity 32b to Scan the casting cavity; when the first pressure sensor 7 detects concrete, the rotating member 31 can also rotate in the opposite direction to the second output position; in the second output position, the camera 6 rotates with the rotating member 31 and is hidden in the rotating cavity 32b, and the second end 31ab is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba, and the first end 31aa extends from the casting port 1a to the casting cavity to open the output node; the second end 31ab forms a flared opening extending circumferentially along the first axis, and in both the first and second output positions, the flared opening remains connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba.

[0074] The pouring device also includes a second pressure sensor 8 connected to the controller 5. The second pressure sensor 8 corresponds one-to-one to each pouring port 1a, and the detection end of the second pressure sensor 8 is located on the outside of the template 1; the second pressure sensor 8 is used to detect the extrusion pressure of the concrete and transmit the detected information to the controller 5; when the extrusion pressure of the concrete reaches the threshold, the controller 5 rotates the rotating member 31 into the connecting position.

[0075] In this embodiment, the lining trolley pipeline pouring device further introduces an intelligent control system based on the original structure, which significantly improves the degree of automation and construction accuracy of the concrete placing process, making the entire pouring process more efficient, safe and controllable.

[0076] The camera 6 is fixedly mounted on the first sealing surface 31d of the rotating member 31. Since the first sealing surface 31d faces downward, the first sealing surface 31d hardly contacts the concrete during the process of outputting concrete from the first end 31aa, thereby effectively ensuring the safety of the camera 6.

[0077] When the rotating part 31 is in the first output position, the camera 6 can be exposed from the base 32 and scan the pouring cavity in real time to obtain concrete filling status information. Since the pouring of the secondary lining concrete is a concealed construction, the internal pouring situation cannot be observed in a narrow space. The camera 6 can directly monitor the pouring of concrete, and can also issue instructions in time when encountering emergencies, which helps to identify potential filling dead corners or flow obstruction areas, improve the scientific nature of construction decisions, avoid rework, and further improve pouring efficiency.

[0078] The first pressure sensor 7 is located outside the side mold 11, below the camera 6, and is used to detect the height of the concrete during pouring. When the sensor stably detects concrete, indicating that the liquid level has risen to the set height, the controller 5 triggers the rotation member 31 to switch to the second output position. At this point, the camera 6 rotates with the rotation member 31 and is hidden within the rotation chamber 32b, protecting it from subsequent impact damage from the concrete.

[0079] Regardless of whether the rotating member 31 is in the first output position or the second output position, the flared port always remains connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet 32ba, ensuring the continuity and stability of the concrete delivery path and avoiding flow interruption or pressure fluctuation caused by switching action.

[0080] Moreover, no matter in the first output position or the second output position, the transition surface 31b is hidden in the rotating cavity 32b, so as to prevent the concrete from mistakenly entering the pouring cavity and also prevent the concrete from leaking during the pouring process.

[0081] It should be noted that since the casting cavity corresponding to the side mold 11 is biased towards the vertical direction, and the casting cavity of the top mold 12 is biased towards the horizontal direction, the camera 6 and the first pressure sensor 7 are suitable for the rotating part 31 of the side mold 11. Since the camera 6 is more easily affected by the concrete, the rotating part 31 of the top mold 12 is not equipped with the camera 6 and the corresponding first pressure sensor 7.

[0082] Furthermore, a second pressure sensor 8 corresponds one-to-one with a corresponding pouring port 1a. Its detection end is also located outside the formwork 1, providing real-time monitoring of the extrusion pressure generated by the concrete during pouring. This data is continuously transmitted to the controller 5. After analysis and processing, if the concrete pressure and height in a particular area simultaneously reach preset thresholds, the controller 5 automatically controls the rotating member 31 to rotate into the connecting position, stopping the current pouring port 1a from discharging concrete and allowing the concrete to continue flowing to other unfilled areas.

[0083] This intelligent control mechanism based on multi-sensor feedback effectively solves the problem of traditional manual monitoring's difficulty in responding in a timely manner, avoids the occurrence of common construction defects such as local overpressure, mold explosion, and hollowing, and greatly improves the uniformity and density of concrete filling, thereby ensuring the overall strength and durability of the tunnel's secondary lining structure.

[0084] This technical solution enables automated management of everything from concrete delivery and placement control to filling status monitoring and management. It not only improves construction efficiency and safety, but also provides a highly adaptable and stable intelligent solution for tunnel secondary lining operations under complex working conditions, promising broad application prospects and project promotion value.

[0085] Due to the hiding mechanism of camera 6, it can retain the scanning function in the initial stage of pouring operation in a pouring window, and be hidden in the final stage of pouring operation to avoid being affected by concrete, which is better adapted to the concrete pouring working conditions.

[0086] Example 5:

[0087] Reference Figures 1-10 In addition to all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further have the following technical solutions:

[0088] The material distribution device 3 also includes a drive assembly 9, which is suitable for driving the rotating member 31 to rotate and is connected to the controller 5. The drive assembly 9 includes a telescopic drive member 91 and a crank 92. The fixed portion of the telescopic drive member 91 is hinged to the template 1 along the first axis, and the telescopic drive member 91 is connected to the controller 5. The two ends of the crank 92 are respectively connected to the telescopic portion of the telescopic drive member 91 and the rotating member 31 along the first axis.

[0089] In this embodiment, when the controller 5 issues a switching command, the telescopic drive member 91 starts and pushes or pulls the crank 92, thereby driving the rotating member 31 to rotate, so that it can be accurately switched between the connection position, the first output position and the second output position, thereby improving the automation level of the cloth device 3.

[0090] Specifically, the telescopic driving member 91 can be configured as a pressure-maintaining cylinder to ensure that it has the ability to maintain the current length, thereby stably maintaining the rotating member 31 at the corresponding connecting position, the first output position, and the second output position.

[0091] Example 6:

[0092] Figures 1-10 An embodiment of the present invention provides a lining trolley pipeline casting method, which is applied to the lining trolley pipeline casting device in any of the above embodiments. The casting method includes:

[0093] S1: According to the flow direction of concrete in the two groups of pouring pipes 2, the first rotating member 31 is rotated forward to the first output position to output concrete to the pouring cavity, and the pouring status in the pouring cavity is monitored by the camera 6;

[0094] S2: Based on the concrete pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 7, the corresponding rotating member 31 is reversely rotated to the second output position to hide the camera 6 and continue pouring concrete into the pouring cavity;

[0095] S3: vibrate the concrete in the pouring cavity;

[0096] S4: Based on the second pressure sensor 8 detecting that the concrete pressure has reached a threshold value, the rotating member 31 is rotated in the reverse direction to enter the connecting position.

[0097] S5: Repeat S1-S4 until the secondary lining operation of the tunnel is completed.

[0098] In this embodiment, this method not only improves construction efficiency, but also significantly enhances the uniformity and density of concrete filling, effectively ensuring the overall quality of the tunnel secondary lining structure.

[0099] The entire pouring process includes the following steps:

[0100] In step S1, the system selects the rotating member 31 of the first distribution device 3 and rotates it forward, based on the concrete flow direction within the two symmetrically arranged pouring pipes 2, to its first output position. At this point, the first end 31aa extends from the opening of the base 32 into the pouring cavity, beginning to inject concrete into the designated area. Simultaneously, a camera 6 mounted on the rotating member 31 scans the interior of the pouring cavity in real time, capturing spatial information about the concrete filling status. This information is then used to determine whether the distribution strategy needs to be adjusted or to identify potential filling defects.

[0101] After entering step S2, as concrete continues to pour, the first pressure sensor 7 continuously monitors changes in the pouring height. When the concrete level rises to a set threshold, the controller 5 determines that the current area is nearing full capacity and triggers the corresponding rotating member 31 to reverse rotation, switching to the second output position. During this process, the camera 6 rotates with the rotating member 31 and is hidden within the base 32 to avoid damage from subsequent concrete impact. Meanwhile, the concrete channel 31a remains connected to the inlet, ensuring smooth feeding and continuous, efficient material distribution.

[0102] Then, step S3 is performed to vibrate the concrete in the casting cavity. This step is to eliminate bubbles in the concrete, improve its density and structural strength, and ensure that the final lining has good mechanical properties and durability.

[0103] In step S4, the system relies on multiple second pressure sensors 8, each corresponding to a pouring port 1a, to monitor the concrete extrusion pressure in each area in real time. When the pressure in a particular area reaches a preset threshold, the controller 5 determines that the area has been effectively filled. It then drives the corresponding rotating member 31 to rotate in the opposite direction again, entering the connecting position, closing the current pouring port 1a and allowing concrete to continue along the pipeline to the next unfilled node.

[0104] Furthermore, by detecting the pressure of the concrete through the second pressure sensor 8 and combining it with the slump of the concrete, the height of the concrete at that time can be basically inferred, which is equivalent to indirectly detecting the pouring height of the concrete.

[0105] Finally, in step S5, the system repeats the aforementioned steps S1 through S4 in a predetermined order, sequentially activating output nodes at different locations and completing the tunnel secondary lining process section by section. Throughout this process, controller 5 automatically adjusts the concrete placement path and output rhythm based on multi-sensor feedback, ensuring uniform concrete distribution and stable formation within the complex space.

[0106] In summary, this lining trolley pipe casting method not only improves construction efficiency and automation level, but also effectively avoids common problems such as vibration leakage, overpressure, and uneven filling in traditional manual operations, greatly improving the quality stability and construction safety of tunnel secondary lining projects, and has broad engineering application value and promotion prospects.

[0107] It can be understood that, except for any conflicting parts, the above-mentioned embodiments 1-6 can be freely combined to form other implementation methods of the present invention.

[0108] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0109] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0110] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0111] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus / device.

[0112] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lining trolley pipe pouring device for secondary lining operation in tunnels, characterized by: It includes a template (1), a pouring pipe (2) and a material distribution device (3); The template (1) is in an arc shape, the axis of the template (1) coincides with the axis of the tunnel, and a casting cavity is formed between the template (1) and the tunnel; The pouring pipes (2) are arranged in two groups symmetrically along the vertical plane of the template (1), and both are serpentinely distributed circumferentially on the back of the template (1) close to its own axis. The pouring pipes (2) include pouring sections (21) and connecting sections (22) connected in sequence. The pouring sections (21) are parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel, and the position of the upstream pouring section (21) is lower than the position of the downstream pouring section (21); The template (1) is provided with a plurality of pouring openings (1a), the distribution device (3) is supported on the back of the template (1) and corresponds one-to-one to the pouring openings (1a), each of the pouring sections (21) is separated along its length to form a plurality of output nodes, and the distribution device (3) is suitable for connecting the disconnected portions and regulating the opening and closing of the output nodes.

2. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main pipeline (4) and a pump truck, one end of the main pipeline (4) is connected to the upstream ends of the two groups of pouring pipelines (2) through a tee, and the other end of the main pipeline (4) is connected to the pump truck.

3. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material distribution device (3) includes a rotating member (31), a concrete channel (31a) is formed in the rotating member (31), and two ends of the concrete channel (31a) are respectively a first end (31aa) and a second end (31ab); The rotating member (31) can be rotated into a connecting position and a first output position; In the connecting position, the first end (31aa) is connected to the upstream end (21a) of the output node, and the second end (31ab) is connected to the downstream end (21b) of the output node, so that the material distribution device (3) closes the output node; In the first output position, the second end (31ab) is connected to the upstream end (21a) of the output node, and the first end (31aa) extends from the pouring port (1a) to the pouring cavity to open the output node.

4. The lining trolley pipeline casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material distribution device (3) further includes a base (32), the base (32) being fixedly connected to the back of the template (1) and corresponding to the position of the pouring port (1a); a rotating cavity (32b) is formed in the base (32), the rotating cavity (32b) having an opening on a circumferential side wall facing the pouring cavity; the rotating member (31) is rotatably connected to the rotating cavity (32b) along a first axis; the circumferential outer surface of the rotating member (31) forms an arc surface (31c) and a transition surface (31b) connected to each other; the arc surface (31c) is slidably sealed to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating cavity (32b); the first end (31aa) and the second end (31ab) are both located on the arc surface (31c); The two axial end surfaces of the rotating member (31) respectively form a first sealing surface (31d) and a second sealing surface (31e), the first sealing surface (31d) and the second sealing surface (31e) being slidingly sealed connected to the axial inner wall of the rotating cavity (32b), and the first sealing surface (31d) facing the bottom of the casting cavity; A concrete inlet (32ba) and a concrete outlet (32bb) are formed on the side wall of the rotating chamber (32b), the upstream end of the concrete inlet (32ba) is connected to the upstream end (21a) of the output node, and the downstream end of the concrete outlet (32bb) is connected to the downstream end (21b) of the output node; In the connecting position, the first end (31aa) is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet (32ba), the second end (31ab) is connected to the upstream end of the concrete outlet (32bb), the transition surface (31b) closes the opening and is embedded in the pouring port (1a), and is flush with the outer wall of the template (1); in the first output position, the second end (31ab) is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet (32ba), and the first end (31aa) passes through the opening and the pouring port (1a) and extends toward the pouring cavity.

5. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a controller (5), which is suitable for controlling the rotation of the rotating member (31).

6. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The template (1) comprises two side molds (11) on both sides and a top mold (12) on the top, wherein the top mold (12) and the side mold (11) are connected; It also includes a camera (6) and a first pressure sensor (7) connected to the controller (5) and corresponding to each other, the camera (6) being fixedly connected to the rotating member (31) corresponding to the side mold (11) and embedded in the first sealing surface (31d); The detection end of the first pressure sensor (7) is located outside the side mold (11) and corresponds to the position below the camera (6) to detect the pouring height of the concrete; When the rotating member (31) is in the first output position, the camera (6) is located outside the rotating cavity (32b) to scan the casting cavity; When the first pressure sensor (7) detects the concrete, the rotating member (31) can also rotate in the reverse direction to a second output position; in the second output position, the camera (6) rotates with the rotating member (31) and is hidden in the rotating cavity (32b), and the second end (31ab) is connected to the downstream end of the concrete inlet (32ba), and the first end (31aa) extends from the pouring port (1a) to the pouring cavity to open the output node; The second end (31ab) forms a flared opening extending circumferentially along the first axis. In both the first output position and the second output position, the flared opening remains in communication with the downstream end of the concrete inlet (32ba).

7. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second pressure sensor (8) connected to the controller (5), the second pressure sensor (8) corresponding to each of the pouring ports (1a) one by one, and a detection end of the second pressure sensor (8) located outside the template (1); The second pressure sensor (8) is used to detect the extrusion pressure of the concrete and transmit the detected information to the controller (5); When the extrusion pressure of the concrete reaches a threshold value, the controller (5) causes the rotating member (31) to rotate into the connecting position.

8. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material distributing device (3) further comprises a driving assembly (9), wherein the driving assembly (9) is suitable for driving the rotating member (31) to rotate, and the driving assembly (9) is connected to the controller (5).

9. The lining trolley pipeline pouring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive assembly (9) comprises a telescopic drive member (91) and a crank (92), the fixed portion of the telescopic drive member (91) is hinged to the template (1) along a first axis, and the telescopic drive member (91) is connected to the controller (5); Both ends of the crank (92) are respectively connected to the telescopic portion of the telescopic driving member (91) and the rotating member (31) along a first axis.

10. A method for casting a lining trolley pipeline, characterized in that: The lining trolley pipeline casting device according to any one of claims 7 to 9 is applied, wherein the casting method comprises: S1: according to the flow direction of the concrete in the two groups of the pouring pipes (2), the first rotating member (31) is rotated forward to the first output position to output concrete to the pouring cavity, and the pouring state in the pouring cavity is monitored by a camera (6); S2: Based on the concrete pressure detected by the first pressure sensor (7), the corresponding rotating member (31) is rotated in the opposite direction to the second output position to hide the camera (6) and continue to pour concrete into the pouring cavity; S3: vibrating the concrete in the pouring cavity; S4: Based on the second pressure sensor (8) detecting that the concrete pressure has reached a threshold value, the rotating member (31) is rotated in the reverse direction to enter the connecting position; S5: Repeat S1-S4 until the secondary lining operation of the tunnel is completed.

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