Tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel dust removal, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device and a dust removal method, which aims to solve the problem of poor dust cleaning efficiency and easy dust accumulation in tunnel construction. The device comprises a ventilation pipeline, a dust suction device and a spraying device, the dust suction device and the spraying device are respectively arranged at the two side ports of the ventilation pipeline, and further comprises a cleaning assembly arranged between the dust suction device and the spraying device; the ventilation pipeline is further connected with a sewage discharge channel, the dust suction device adsorbs the dust in the tunnel and separates the dust into the ventilation pipeline, and the cleaning assembly adheres the separated dust and cleans the dust through the spraying device. The spraying device is used to moisten the ventilation pipeline, reduce dust dispersion, discharge the treated dust to the sewage discharge channel, greatly improve the dust removal efficiency, and clean the ventilation pipeline through the spraying device, so that the dust accumulation does not affect the subsequent dust removal quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel dust removal, in particular to a tunnel construction ventilation dust removal device and a dust removal method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction (tunneling, blasting, drilling, and lining spraying) and operation (ventilation and dust removal, vehicle driving dust raising), a large amount of suspended particles and dust will be generated. These dusts are easy to accumulate in a closed or semi-closed space, causing health risks, such as respiratory diseases and silicosis. At the same time, the construction equipment in the tunnel aggravates the wear and tear and frequent maintenance. In addition, dust deposition on the fan blades, sensors, and lining surface will affect the ventilation efficiency and monitoring accuracy. When the dust concentration is high, there is an explosion risk, and it will also interfere with the tunnel lighting and signal system.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used tunnel dust removal methods include filter bag, filter cartridge type dust collection, single / multi-stage cyclone separator dust separation, and spray scrubbing tower using water mist to adsorb dust. However, these dust removal methods have some shortcomings. For example, in dry filtration dust collection, the filter material is easy to accumulate dust when the dust concentration is high, and the filter material needs to be replaced frequently. In cyclone separation technology, the separation effect on fine dust particles is limited, and it cannot automatically clean dust, which is not conducive to long-term use. In wet scrubbing technology, although dust can be adsorbed, it will cause dust to become dust mud, thereby reducing the atomization efficiency and increasing the water pump energy consumption, etc.

[0004] Therefore, considering the above factors, it is necessary to improve the dust removal efficiency while also processing the separated dust to prevent dust accumulation and ensure that the equipment can operate for a long time. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the dust generated during tunnel construction is not easy to collect and process quickly, and dust accumulation easily affects the dust removal efficiency. The present application provides a tunnel construction ventilation dust removal device and a dust removal method to solve the above problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0007] A tunnel construction ventilation dust removal device, comprising a ventilation duct, a dust collection equipment, and a spraying equipment, the ventilation duct is arranged on one side of the tunnel vault, the dust collection equipment and the spraying equipment are arranged at the two side ports of the ventilation duct, characterized in that: a cleaning assembly is further arranged between the dust collection equipment and the spraying equipment.

[0008] The ventilation duct is further connected with a sewage discharge channel, the dust collection equipment adsorbs the dust in the tunnel and separates it into the ventilation duct, the cleaning assembly adheres the separated dust and realizes cleaning through the spraying equipment, and the sewage is discharged through the sewage discharge channel.

[0009] In the technical scheme, the dust suction equipment is arranged on one side of the ventilation duct, and the spraying equipment is arranged on the other side, so that the dust in the tunnel can be collected into the ventilation duct, the ventilation duct can be moistened by the spraying equipment to reduce the dispersion of the dust, the treated dust can be discharged to the pollution discharge channel, the dust removal efficiency is greatly improved, and the ventilation duct can be cleaned by the spraying equipment to avoid that the dust accumulation affects the subsequent dust removal quality.

[0010] In some optional technical schemes, the dust suction equipment comprises a separator and a dust collecting pipe, the separator comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, the dust collecting pipe is communicated with the outer cylinder, and an air outlet pipe is arranged at an end of the inner cylinder away from the outer cylinder and located in the ventilation duct.

[0011] In the technical scheme, the dust in the tunnel is first separated and treated by the separator, the large-particle dust is separately collected, and the small-particle dust is discharged to the ventilation duct for treatment, the water in the water tank is atomized and sprayed by the water spraying head to adsorb the small-particle dust, and the dust and mud fall to the pollution discharge channel for discharge.

[0012] In some optional technical schemes, a separation layer is further arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation duct, the separation layer separates the ventilation duct into a first dust removal channel in an upper layer and a second dust removal channel in a lower layer, the separation layer is further provided with a flow guide plate, the flow guide plate is inclined toward the second dust removal channel, the flow guide plate is located in the pollution discharge channel, and the inlet of the pollution discharge channel is lower than the height of the second dust removal channel.

[0013] In the technical scheme, the separation layer separates the ventilation duct into the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel, the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel are used alternately, one of them is used for dust removal, and the other is used for cleaning, so that the dust removal efficiency and quality are greatly improved.

[0014] In some optional technical schemes, a rotating wheel is arranged at the end of the air outlet pipe, a baffle is arranged on the rotating wheel, a dust discharge port is arranged on the baffle, and a fan is arranged on the dust discharge port.

[0015] In the technical scheme, the fan is used to guide the small-particle dust into the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel for dust removal treatment.

[0016] In some optional technical schemes, the fan is arranged on the side away from the central axis of the rotating wheel, the diameter of the fan is smaller than the pipe diameter of the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel, and the baffle is raised toward the fan.

[0017] The baffle can prevent water droplets formed by the water mist and dust in the ventilation duct from entering the separator.

[0018] In some optional technical solutions, the cleaning assembly is arranged on the top surface of the partition layer and the second dust removal channel near the entrance of the pollution discharge channel, and the cleaning assembly comprises a grid frame and a plurality of cleaning balls, the plurality of cleaning balls are arranged in the grid frame, and the height of the grid frame is greater than the diameter of the cleaning balls.

[0019] In the above technical solution, when the cleaning assembly is blown by the airflow of the fan, the plurality of cleaning balls rotate and collide with each other, and dust removal and cleaning are achieved by using the vibration and water mist generated by the collision.

[0020] In some optional technical solutions, the partition layer on the bottom surface of the grid frame is raised towards the first dust removal channel and is fixedly connected with the drainage plate.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the raised portion on the partition layer can better make the cleaning balls rotate, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0022] In some optional technical solutions, the first dust removal channel is provided with a dust blocking plate towards the grid frame, and the dust blocking plate is arranged close to the spraying device.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the dust blocking plate is used to guide the dust and airflow into the grid frame to make the cleaning balls work.

[0024] In some optional technical solutions, the partition layer on the bottom surface of the grid frame is provided with a through slot on the side close to the spraying device, and the bottom surface of the through slot is inclined towards the grid frame in the second dust removal channel.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the through slot is used to guide the sewage generated after the cleaning balls in the grid frame are cleaned, so as to avoid the backflow of the sewage to the spraying device.

[0026] In some optional technical solutions, the top surface of the first dust removal channel and the bottom surface of the partition layer are both provided with a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions downwards, and the number of the arc-shaped protrusions gradually increases along the partition layer towards the top of the grid frame.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the arc-shaped protrusions can converge the water mist into water droplets, which fall on the cleaning balls to further provide the cleaning balls with cleaning water to achieve cleaning, and meanwhile, the movement of the water mist to the dust collection device and the spraying device is reduced.

[0028] In some optional technical solutions, the outlet of the pollution discharge channel is provided with an adsorption device, the flow guide plate comprises a flow guide plate and a shielding plate, the flow guide plate is connected to the partition layer and has an arc-shaped bottom surface, the shielding plate is fixedly connected to the flow guide plate, a gap exists between the shielding plate and the lumen of the pollution discharge channel, and an included angle between the plate surface of the shielding plate and the inlet end surface of the pollution discharge channel is 10-15 degrees.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the shielding plate can block the dust blown by the fan into the ventilation duct from directly flowing into the pollution discharge duct.

[0030] In a second aspect of the present application, a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal method is used to realize tunnel dust removal based on the tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device of the first aspect of the present application, and comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1, equipment installation and start-up;

[0032] S2, starting the water spray head to spray water mist, and simultaneously controlling the fan to rotate to the first dust removal channel;

[0033] S3, controlling the fan to rotate to the second dust removal channel;

[0034] S4, cyclically executing S2 and S3;

[0035] S5, collecting the dirt at the outlet of the pollution discharge channel.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel alternately remove dust and clean, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0037] In some optional technical solutions, the S2 comprises:

[0038] S21, the water spray head is turned on to continuously spray water mist towards the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel;

[0039] S22, controlling the rotating wheel to position the fan in the first dust removal channel, discharging the dust separated by the separator into the first dust removal channel, and allowing the water mist to absorb the dust and fall into the grid frame of the partition layer;

[0040] S23, the cleaning balls in the grid frame are disturbed by the air flow of the fan to rotate and rub against each other to remove the adhered dust to the second dust removal channel or to the pollution discharge channel through the flow guide plate;

[0041] The S3 comprises:

[0042] S31, after the fan operates for a set time length, rotating the rotating wheel to position the fan in the second dust removal channel;

[0043] S32, the cleaning balls in the grid frame of the second dust removal channel are disturbed by the air flow of the fan to rotate and rub against each other to remove the adhered dust and flow to the pollution discharge channel.

[0044] S33, the water spray head continues to discharge water mist into the first dust removal channel to realize cleaning;

[0045] S34, after the fan runs for a set time, S22 is executed, and the water spray head continues to discharge water mist into the second dust removal channel to realize cleaning.

[0046] In the above technical solution, after the fan is rotated from the first dust removal channel to the second dust removal channel, the cleaning assembly in the first dust removal channel and the spraying device clean the first dust removal channel, so that the accumulated dust does not affect the subsequent dust removal, and the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel are alternately cleaned, so that the tunnel dust removal efficiency is greatly improved.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. In the present application, the dust suction device absorbs the dust in the tunnel into the ventilation duct for centralized treatment, and the dust is wetted by the spraying device to become dust slurry and falls into the pollution discharge channel, so that the dust is concentrated and dispersed;

[0049] 2. In the present application, the partition layer divides the ventilation duct into the first dust removal channel in the upper layer and the second dust removal channel in the lower layer, and the fan circulates to discharge the adsorbed dust into the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel for dust removal treatment. The spraying device always sprays water mist, and when the first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel are not dusted, self-cleaning can be realized, so that the subsequent dust removal effect is not reduced due to too much adsorbed dust. The first dust removal channel and the second dust removal channel are alternately cleaned, so that the dust removal efficiency is greatly improved, and the dust accumulation is prevented, so that the dust removal quality is further improved;

[0050] 3. The cleaning balls in the present application rotate and collide with each other after being blown by the airflow of the fan, and the vibration generated by the collision and the water mist sprayed by the spraying device are used to peel off the dust adhered to the surface and clean the balls themselves, so that the dust removal efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the tunnel ventilation and dust removal device in the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the tunnel ventilation and dust removal device in the present application;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the ventilation duct in the present application Figure 1 ;

[0055] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the ventilation duct in the present application Figure 2 ;

[0056] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the ventilation duct in the present application Figure 3 ;

[0057] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the dust collection equipment in the present application

[0058] Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of A in the present application Figure 6

[0059] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the spraying equipment in the present application

[0060] Figure 9 is a sectional view of the grid frame in the present application

[0061] The symbols represented by the reference signs are:

[0062] 1, ventilation duct; 11, first dust removal channel; 12, second dust removal channel; 2, pollution discharge channel; 21, flow guide plate; 31, rotating wheel; 32, baffle; 33, fan; 34, outer cylinder; 35, inner cylinder; 36, dust collection pipe; 37, air outlet pipe; 4, water spraying head; 41, spraying pipe; 42, water tank; 5, partition layer; 51, through slot; 52, dust blocking plate; 53, arc-shaped protrusion; 6, grid frame; 61, cleaning ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with examples and drawings, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and do not limit the present application. It should be noted that the present application has been in the actual research and development stage of use.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 8 , the present embodiment provides a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device, which comprises a ventilation duct 1, a dust collection equipment and a spraying equipment, the ventilation duct 1 is arranged at one side of the tunnel vault, the dust collection equipment and the spraying equipment are arranged at two side ports of the ventilation duct 1 respectively, and the device further comprises a cleaning assembly arranged between the dust collection equipment and the spraying equipment.

[0066] As shown in Figure 1 ​As shown, the ventilation duct 1 is also communicated with a sewage passage 2, the dust suction equipment adsorbs the dust in the tunnel and separates into the ventilation duct 1, the cleaning assembly adheres the separated dust and realizes cleaning through the spraying equipment, and the sewage is discharged through the sewage passage 2.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the dust suction equipment comprises a separator and a dust collecting pipe 36, the separator comprises an outer cylinder 34 and an inner cylinder 35 arranged in the outer cylinder 34, the dust collecting pipe 36 is communicated with the outer cylinder 34, and the end, away from the outer cylinder 34, of the inner cylinder 35 is provided with an air outlet pipe 37 located in the ventilation duct 1; the spraying equipment comprises a water tank 42 and a water spraying head 4, and the water spraying head 4 is connected with the water tank 42 through a spraying pipe 41.

[0068] Specifically, the ventilation duct 1 is installed on one side of the tunnel vault, the ventilation duct 1 can be arc-shaped, linear or arc-shaped combined with the tunnel, and the cross section of the ventilation duct 1 can be rectangular, circular or polygonal; the separator is a cyclone separator, the dust suction equipment is started, the separator operates, the dust in the tunnel is collected through the dust collecting pipe 36, the large particle dust settles on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 34, preferably, the separator is also communicated with a settling filter bag for collecting the large particle dust, and the small particle dust enters the ventilation duct 1 through the inner cylinder 35 to realize dust removal.

[0069] Meanwhile, the spraying equipment is started, the spraying equipment is arranged on the side, away from the dust suction equipment, of the ventilation duct 1, the spraying equipment comprises a water tank 42, a water spraying head 4 and a water pump, the water spraying head 4 is connected with the spraying pipe 41, the water pump drives the water spraying head 4 to suck the water in the water tank 42 and spray the water into the ventilation duct 1 through the water spraying head 4, the water spraying head 4 is provided with an atomizing port capable of atomizing the sprayed water to adsorb the small particle dust falling into the ventilation duct 1 and discharge to the sewage passage 2.

[0070] Embodiment 2

[0071] As shown in Figures 2 to 5 , the inner wall of the ventilation duct 1 is also provided with a separation layer 5, the separation layer 5 separates the ventilation duct 1 into a first dust removal passage 11 in the upper layer and a second dust removal passage 12 in the lower layer, the separation layer 5 is also provided with a flow guide plate 21, the flow guide plate 21 is inclined towards the second dust removal passage 12, the flow guide plate 21 is located in the sewage passage 2, and the inlet of the sewage passage 2 is lower than the height of the second dust removal passage 12.

[0072] As shown in Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the end of the air outlet pipe 37 is provided with a rotating wheel 31, the rotating wheel is provided with a baffle 32, the baffle 32 is provided with a dust discharge port, and the dust discharge port is provided with a fan 33.

[0073] Figure 6and Figure 7 As shown, the fan 33 is located on the side away from the central axis of the rotating wheel 31. The diameter of the fan 33 is smaller than the diameter of the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12. The baffle 32 protrudes towards the fan 33.

[0074] like Figures 3 to 5 ,and Figure 9 As shown, the cleaning components are respectively installed on the top surface of the partition layer 5 and the second dust removal channel 12 near the inlet of the sewage channel 2. The cleaning components include a grid frame 6 and a number of cleaning balls 61. The number of cleaning balls 61 are all installed inside the grid frame 6. The height of the grid frame 6 is greater than the diameter of the cleaning balls 61.

[0075] The partition layer 5 located on the bottom surface of the grid frame 6 protrudes towards the first dust removal channel 11 and is fixedly connected to the diversion plate 21.

[0076] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a dust-blocking plate 52 is provided in the first dust removal channel 11 facing the grid frame 6, and the dust-blocking plate 52 is located close to the spraying equipment.

[0077] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a through groove 51 is provided on the side of the partition layer 5 located on the bottom surface of the grid frame 6 near the spraying equipment. The bottom of the through groove 51 is inclined toward the grid frame 6 in the second dust removal channel 12.

[0078] Specifically, the inner cylinder 35 of the separator is equipped with a rotating wheel 31, which is driven by a motor. At the same time, the motor can also control the fan 33 to rotate. The dust discharged from the inner cylinder 35 is blocked by the baffle 32 and attracted by the airflow at the fan 33. The dust will be discharged into the ventilation duct 1 through the fan 33. When the motor controls the rotating wheel 31 to rotate, the baffle 32 on the rotating wheel 31 rotates accordingly, and the fan 33 rotates synchronously, thereby changing the position of the fan 33 so that the dust can enter the first dust removal channel 11 or the second dust removal channel 12. Meanwhile, the second dust removal channel 12 or the first dust removal channel 11 that does not enter the dust is cleaned by the cleaning components and the spray equipment. The two alternately discharge dust.

[0079] When the fan 33 blows toward the first dust removal channel 11, the dust is affected by the airflow of the fan 33 and flows toward the spraying device in the first dust removal channel 11. When the dust contacts the dust blocking plate 52, it is blocked and falls along the dust blocking plate 52 into the grid frame 6. The dust blocking plate 52 can effectively prevent the dust in the first dust removal channel 11 from diffusing to other areas under the blowing of the fan 33. After being blocked by the dust blocking plate 52, it can directly fall into the grid frame 6 below and be discharged to the pollution discharge channel 2 through the drainage plate 21. It should be noted that the second dust removal channel 12 is directly communicated with the pollution discharge channel. Even if there is diffused dust, it can also directly pass to the pollution discharge channel. Preferably, the second dust removal channel can also be provided with a dust blocking plate 52 in the same way as the first dust removal channel 11, further enhancing the dust removal effect.

[0080] The grid frame 6 is provided with a plurality of through holes. The cleaning balls 61 in the grid frame 6 are also disturbed by the fan 33, and because of the blocking of the dust blocking plate 52, the airflow flows along the dust blocking plate 52 toward the grid frame 6, intensifying the disturbance effect of the cleaning balls 61.

[0081] After being affected by the airflow, the plurality of cleaning balls 61 rotate in the grid frame 6. When the cleaning balls 61 collide with each other and the cleaning balls 61 collide with the grid frame 6, the impact force between them will vibrate and knock off the dust adhering to the cleaning balls 61 or the grid frame 6. It should be noted that the spraying device is always working, so there is always water mist in the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12. When the water mist contacts the cleaning balls 61, it gradually forms water droplets, and when it collides, it can clean the cleaning balls 61 themselves and wash the adhering dust to the drainage plate 21. Preferably, the separation layer 5 at the bottom of the grid frame 6 is raised upward, forming a curved area. The spherical surface of the cleaning balls 61 will naturally roll on the curved surface of the bump. When disturbed by the fan 33, not only can it speed up the rotation of the cleaning balls 61, but also can timely wash the sewage of the grid frame 6 at the separation layer 5 along the curved surface of the bump to the drainage plate 21, reducing the probability of the sewage moving to the dust collection device and the spraying device. Preferably, the separation layer 5 is also provided with a through slot 51, which can guide the water in the grid frame 6 to the second dust removal channel 12, avoiding backflow to the spraying device.

[0082] When the fan 33 rotates to the second dust removal channel 12, the cleaning of the dust and the cleaning ball 61 in the second dust removal channel 12 is the same as above, which is not described here; the sewage in the second dust removal channel 12 directly flows to the sewage discharge channel 2; it should be noted that when the second dust removal channel 12 is performing the dust removal work, the spraying device continues to spray water mist to the first dust removal channel 11, which can further clean the first dust removal channel 11, avoid too much dust from accumulating in the first dust removal channel 11, and affect the subsequent adsorption effect and cleaning force of the cleaning ball 61, and affect the subsequent cleaning quality and efficiency; similarly, after the fan 33 rotates from the second dust removal channel 12 to the first dust removal channel 11, the second dust removal channel 12 also continues to perform the cleaning work, and at this time the first dust removal channel 11 has been cleaned.

[0083] In addition, it should be noted that the water mist produced by the spraying device will diffuse into the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12, and there should be a gap between the fan 33 and the separation layer 5 to prevent sewage from entering the fan 33; the baffle 32 on the rotating wheel 31 protrudes towards the fan 33, and when the fan 33 is located in the first dust removal channel 11 above, the baffle 32 is a downward inclined surface, so that even if the water mist accumulates on the baffle 32, it will also fall due to gravity and flow to the second dust removal channel 12; when the fan 33 is located in the second dust removal channel 12, preferably, a ring-shaped shell is fixedly and detachably connected around the fan 33, and when the water mist falls along the baffle 32, it will flow through the ring-shaped shell, and the ring-shaped shell will guide the water droplets to the second dust removal channel 12.

[0084] Embodiment 3

[0085] As shown in Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 9 , the top surface of the first dust removal channel 11 and the bottom surface of the separation layer 5 both form a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions 53 downward, and the number of the arc-shaped protrusions 53 gradually increases along the separation layer 5 towards the top of the grid frame 6.

[0086] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the outlet of the sewage discharge channel 2 is provided with an adsorption device, the drainage plate 21 includes a flow guide plate and a shielding plate, the flow guide plate is connected to the separation layer 5 and has an arc-shaped bottom surface, and the shielding plate is fixedly connected to the flow guide plate; there is a gap between the shielding plate and the lumen of the sewage discharge channel 2, and the included angle between the plate surface of the shielding plate and the inlet end surface of the sewage discharge channel 2 is 10°-15°.

[0087] Specifically, as described in Embodiment 2, the water mist of the spraying device fills the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12, part of the water mist rises and condenses on the arc-shaped protrusions 53, the arc-shaped protrusions 53 are densely distributed above the grid frame 6 and can reduce the amount of water mist moving towards the dust collection device and the spraying device, and after condensing into water droplets on the arc-shaped protrusions 53, the water droplets fall onto the cleaning balls 61, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0088] The guide plate 21 includes a guide plate and a shielding plate, both of which are used for guiding flow, and the included angle between the plate surface of the shielding plate and the inlet end surface of the pollution discharge channel 2 is 10°-15°, which can greatly reduce the through diameter of the lumen in the pollution discharge channel 2, so that when the fan 33 is discharging dust, a small part of dust does not directly flow to the pollution discharge channel 2 after being wetted and adsorbed, and the shielding plate can prevent the side leakage dust from falling and mixing with the wet mud at the bottom of the pollution discharge channel 2 before being discharged.

[0089] Embodiment 4

[0090] The embodiment provides a tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal method, which realizes tunnel dust removal based on the tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device of Embodiments 1-3, and includes the following steps.

[0091] S1, device installation and start;

[0092] S2, start the water spraying head 4 to spray water mist, and control the fan 33 to rotate to the first dust removal channel 11;

[0093] S3, control the fan 33 to rotate to the second dust removal channel 12;

[0094] S4, cyclically execute S2 and S3;

[0095] S5, collect the pollutants at the outlet of the pollution discharge channel 2.

[0096] S2 includes:

[0097] S21, the water spraying head 4 is opened and continuously sprays water mist towards the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12;

[0098] S22, control the rotating wheel 31 to locate the fan 33 in the first dust removal channel 11, discharge the dust separated by the separator into the first dust removal channel 11, and make the water mist adsorb the dust and fall into the grid frame 6 of the separation layer 5;

[0099] S23, the cleaning balls 61 in the grid frame 6 are disturbed by the airflow of the fan 33 and rotate and rub against each other to remove the adhered dust to the second dust removal channel 12 or to the pollution discharge channel 2 through the guide plate 21;

[0100] S3 includes:

[0101] S31, the fan 33 runs to a set length of time, the rotating wheel 31 is rotated to make the fan 33 located in the second dust removal channel 12;

[0102] S32, the cleaning ball 61 in the second dust removal channel 12 is disturbed by the airflow of the fan 33 and rotates and rubs each other to remove the attached dust, and flows to the pollution discharge channel 2;

[0103] S33, the water spraying head 4 continues to discharge water mist into the first dust removal channel 11 to realize cleaning;

[0104] S34, the fan 33 runs to a set length of time, S22 is executed, and the water spraying head 4 continues to discharge water mist into the second dust removal channel 12 to realize cleaning.

[0105] Specifically, according to the dust removal method, after the dust collection equipment and the spraying equipment are started, the first dust removal channel 11 is first cleaned, the fan 33 runs for a set length of time, the rotating wheel 31 is rotated to make the fan 33 located in the second dust removal channel 12, the set length of time of the fan 33 can be determined according to the tunnel construction condition, and is 1-3h, after the fan 33 is located in the second dust removal channel 12, the spraying equipment and the cleaning assembly in the first dust removal channel 11 clean the first dust removal channel 11, so that the dust accumulation does not affect the subsequent dust removal, the first dust removal channel 11 and the second dust removal channel 12 are alternately cleaned, and the tunnel dust removal efficiency is greatly improved.

[0106] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction ventilation dust removal device, comprising a ventilation duct (1), a dust suction device and a spraying device, the ventilation duct (1) is arranged at one side of the tunnel vault, and the dust suction device and the spraying device are respectively arranged at the two side ports of the ventilation duct (1), characterized in that: Further comprising a cleaning assembly arranged between the dust suction device and the spraying device; The ventilation duct (1) is further communicated with a sewage discharge channel (2), the dust suction device adsorbs the dust in the tunnel and separates into the ventilation duct (1), the cleaning assembly adheres to the separated dust and realizes cleaning through the spraying device, and the sewage is discharged through the sewage discharge channel (2); The dust suction device comprises a separator and a dust collecting pipe (36), the separator comprises an outer cylinder (34) and an inner cylinder (35) arranged in the outer cylinder (34), the dust collecting pipe (36) is communicated with the outer cylinder (34), and an air outlet pipe (37) is arranged at one end of the inner cylinder (35) away from the outer cylinder (34), and the air outlet pipe (37) is located in the ventilation duct (1); The spraying device comprises a water tank (42) and a water spraying head (4), and the water spraying head (4) is connected with the water tank (42) through a spraying pipe (41); The inner wall of the ventilation duct (1) is further provided with a separation layer (5), the separation layer (5) separates the ventilation duct (1) into a first dust removal channel (11) in the upper layer and a second dust removal channel (12) in the lower layer, the separation layer (5) is further provided with a flow guide plate (21), the flow guide plate (21) is inclined towards the second dust removal channel (12), the flow guide plate (21) is located in the sewage discharge channel (2), and the inlet of the sewage discharge channel (2) is lower than the height of the second dust removal channel (12); The end of the air outlet pipe (37) is provided with a rotating wheel (31), the rotating wheel (31) is provided with a baffle (32), the baffle (32) is provided with a dust discharge port, and the dust discharge port is provided with a fan (33); The cleaning assembly is arranged on the top surface of the separation layer (5) and the second dust removal channel (12) near the inlet of the sewage discharge channel (2), the cleaning assembly comprises a grid frame (6) and a plurality of cleaning balls (61), the plurality of cleaning balls (61) are arranged in the grid frame (6), and the height of the grid frame (6) is greater than the diameter of the cleaning balls (61).

2. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan (33) is arranged on the side away from the central axis of the rotating wheel (31), the diameter of the fan (33) is smaller than the pipe diameter of the first dust removal channel (11) and the second dust removal channel (12), and the baffle (32) is raised towards the fan (33).

3. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation layer (5) located at the bottom of the grid frame (6) is raised towards the first dust removal channel (11) and is fixedly connected with the flow guide plate (21).

4. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dust removal channel (11) is provided with a dust blocking plate (52) towards the grid frame (6), and the dust blocking plate (52) is arranged near the spraying device.

5. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation layer (5) located at the bottom of the grid frame (6) is provided with a through groove (51) on the side near the spraying device, and the groove bottom of the through groove (51) is inclined towards the grid frame (6) in the second dust removal channel (12).

6. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the first dust removal channel (11) and the bottom surface of the separation layer (5) are both formed with a plurality of arc protrusions (53) downwards, and the number of the arc protrusions (53) gradually increases along the separation layer (5) towards the top of the grid frame (6).

7. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the pollution discharge channel (2) is provided with an adsorption device, the flow guide plate (21) comprises a flow guide plate and a shielding plate, the flow guide plate is connected with the partition layer (5) and has an arc-shaped bottom surface, the shielding plate is fixedly connected with the flow guide plate, there is a gap between the shielding plate and the lumen of the pollution discharge channel (2), and the included angle between the plate surface of the shielding plate and the inlet end surface of the pollution discharge channel (2) is 10°-15°.

8. A tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal method, which is implemented based on the tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1 to remove dust from a tunnel, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, equipment installation and start-up; S2, start the water spray head (4) to spray water mist, and control the fan (33) to rotate to the first dust removal channel (11); S3, control the fan (33) to rotate to the second dust removal channel (12); S4, cyclically execute S2 and S3; S5, collect the dirt at the outlet of the pollution discharge channel (2).

9. The tunnel construction ventilation and dust removal method according to claim 8, characterized in that: S2 comprises: S21, the water spray head (4) is opened and continuously sprays water mist towards the first dust removal channel (11) and the second dust removal channel (12); S22, control the rotating wheel (31) to locate the fan (33) in the first dust removal channel (11), discharge the dust separated by the separator into the first dust removal channel (11), and make the water mist absorb the dust and fall into the grid frame (6) of the partition layer (5); S23, the cleaning balls (61) in the grid frame (6) are disturbed by the airflow of the fan (33) to rotate and rub against each other to remove the adhered dust to the second dust removal channel (12) or to the pollution discharge channel (2) through the flow guide plate (21); S3 comprises: S31, after the fan (33) operates for a set time length, rotate the rotating wheel (31) to locate the fan (33) in the second dust removal channel (12); S32, the cleaning balls (61) in the grid frame (6) of the second dust removal channel (12) are disturbed by the airflow of the fan (33) to rotate and rub against each other to remove the adhered dust and flow to the pollution discharge channel (2); S33, the water spray head (4) continues to discharge water mist into the first dust removal channel (11) to achieve cleaning; S34, after the fan (33) operates for a set time length, execute S22, and the water spray head (4) continues to discharge water mist into the second dust removal channel (12) to achieve cleaning.

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