Slope body damage field multi-parameter monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope body damage field multi-parameter monitoring device and a slope body damage field multi-parameter monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of measuring devices.The slope body damage field multi-parameter monitoring device comprises a micro-seismic sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a conductivity probe and a stress sensor; the temperature, the humidity, the stress, the micro-shock and the conductivity parameters of the slope are simultaneously detected in a passive detection mode, and the electric field intensity of the slope is actively detected in an active detection mode based on the excitation electrode slice and the receiving electrode slice, so that simultaneous monitoring and detection of multiple physical fields of the slope are realized. According to the method, the change of the interior of the slope under a water-heat-force multi-field coupling mechanism can be sensed synchronously, and then strong space-time correlation analysis is performed on the electric field intensity obtained by active detection and the temperature, humidity, stress, micro-shock and conductivity parameters obtained by passive detection, so that the damage field parameter information of the slope is obtained comprehensively and accurately; and effective early warning is carried out on the stability of the slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of measuring devices, and in particular to a multi-parameter monitoring device and method for a slope damage field. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mining occupies an important position in my country's resource development system, with 80% of iron ore, 50% of non-ferrous metal ores, 70% of chemical raw material ores, 100% of building materials, and 25% of coal production all coming from open-pit mining. However, with the continuous advancement of mining activities, the stability problem of open-pit mine slopes has become increasingly prominent. During the mining process, the slopes are affected by the combined effects of multiple complex factors, such as rock stress redistribution caused by mining disturbance, instantaneous impact caused by blasting vibration, repeated freezing and thawing of rock and soil in seasonal changes, and changes in physical properties caused by moisture phase change cycles. These factors are intertwined, causing the internal structure of the slope to gradually be damaged, and physical parameters such as water, heat, and force also undergo dynamic changes, greatly increasing the risk of slope instability and seriously threatening the safe production of open-pit mines and the safety of life and property of personnel.

[0003] Currently, in the field of slope monitoring and detection, the current monitoring technologies are mainly divided into two categories: passive monitoring and active detection. Passive monitoring collects physical information such as water, heat, and force of the rock and soil around the burial points by burying various types of sensors at different locations underground. However, due to the limitations of the sensor layout density and distribution range, the data obtained in this way are discrete in space and cannot fully reflect the true state of the slope interior. Increasing the number of sensors and reducing the layout spacing in pursuit of data integrity will damage the originally fragile slope structure and further reduce the stability of the slope. Active detection mainly relies on geophysical methods to obtain underground rock and soil information while minimizing damage to the slope. However, due to the intermittent nature of the geophysical process and the limitations of the measurement principle, the data obtained are discrete in time and cannot monitor the slope changes in real time and continuously.

[0004] Currently, scholars have conducted extensive research on the problems existing in passive monitoring and active detection. Three-dimensional laser scanning-based deformation monitoring systems can generate high-precision point cloud models, but their installation is complex, costly, and limited by observation distance, making it difficult to cover the entire slope. While drone-based oblique photography can quickly obtain slope surface texture information, it cannot penetrate the rock mass to detect damage field development characteristics. Damage evolution in high-altitude open-pit mine slopes is driven by multiple factors: repeated freezing and thawing of the rock and soil causes crack expansion, water phase changes trigger sudden changes in pore pressure, and the combined effects of blasting vibration and mining disturbances make the damage field highly dynamic and spatially heterogeneous. Both 3D laser scanning-based deformation monitoring systems and drone-based oblique photography focus on slope surface deformation or monitoring a single physical field. They lack the ability to simultaneously perceive the water-heat-force multi-field coupling mechanism within the slope. Furthermore, data analysis relies on weak correlation analysis of multiple fields, making it difficult to accurately obtain comprehensive slope damage field parameter information, making it difficult to assess slope stability and provide effective early warning of geological hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-parameter monitoring device and method for slope damage field, which can solve the problem in the existing technology that the current means are all focused on slope surface deformation or single physical field monitoring, lack the ability to synchronously perceive the water-heat-force multi-field coupling mechanism inside the slope, and at the same time, when analyzing the data, weak correlation analysis of multiple field data is performed, making it difficult to obtain the slope damage field parameter information in an all-round and accurate manner, making it difficult to evaluate the stability of the slope and to provide effective early warning of geological disasters.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field, comprising an excitation electrode sheet, a receiving electrode sheet and a regular dodecahedron multi-parameter sensing body arranged on a detection rod; A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a conductivity probe are simultaneously provided on one side of the multi-parameter sensor, and a stress sensor, a microseismic sensor, and a pressure sensor are respectively provided on the remaining sides of the multi-parameter sensor; During the multi-parameter monitoring and detection process of the slope damage field, the detection rod is buried deep in the slope, and the current is emitted to the slope by the exciting electrode sheet. The receiving electrode sheet collects the electric field strength data after the current flows through the slope body, so as to actively detect the slope body; at the same time, the temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity and conductivity parameters inside the slope body are obtained synchronously and in real time through the multi-parameter sensor body to passively detect the slope body, and combined with the electric field strength data of the slope body, the damage field parameters inside the slope body are identified.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a data processing module and an early warning module; The data processing module is used to perform weighted fusion of temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity, conductivity and electric field strength data through a multi-source information fusion method to obtain the total damage parameters of the slope damage field; The early warning module is used to provide a slope instability early warning based on the comparison result of the total damage parameter and the preset threshold.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature sensor uses a wire-wound platinum resistor as a sensing component; The humidity sensor comprises a pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes forming a capacitor, the rock and soil between the two electrodes serving as an electrolyte, and the capacitor and the oscillator forming a tuned circuit; The microseismic sensor adopts a vibration sensing probe; The stress sensor uses a single-crystal silicon wafer as an elastic element. Using integrated circuit technology, a group of equal-value resistors are diffused in a specific direction of the single-crystal silicon on the single-crystal silicon diaphragm, and the resistors are connected into a bridge circuit. The single-crystal silicon wafer is placed in the stress sensor cavity.

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for monitoring a slope damage field using a multi-parameter monitoring device for a slope damage field, comprising the following steps: During multi-parameter monitoring of slope damage, the temperature, humidity, stress, microseismic and conductivity parameters of the current monitoring point are measured using the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, conductivity probe, stress sensor and microseismic sensor on the multi-parameter sensor. The exciting electrode piece is used to transmit current to the slope body, and the receiving electrode piece collects the electric field intensity data of the current flowing through the current detection point; The damage field parameters of the current monitoring point are obtained through the temperature parameters, humidity parameters, stress parameters, microseismic parameters and conductivity parameters of the current monitoring point, as well as the electric field strength data of the current detection point; The damage field parameters of multiple monitoring points are weighted and fused to obtain the damage field parameters inside the slope.

[0010] Preferably, the humidity parameter of the slope body is measured by capacitance method, and the water content of the slope body is calculated by using the change of dielectric constant of rock and soil; The calculation method is: ; in: represents the dielectric constant of rock and soil; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; represents the electrode area; Indicates the electrode spacing.

[0011] Preferably, the conductivity parameter of the slope body is measured by the resistance method, applying an excitation voltage to the conductivity probe, measuring the current change and calculating the conductivity of the slope body. ; Conductivity The calculation method is: ; in: represents the applied excitation voltage; Indicates the measured current; represents the geometric factor.

[0012] Preferably, when measuring the microseismic parameters of the slope body, the mechanical vibration of the rock and soil is recorded and formed into a mechanical quantity; the mechanical quantity is converted into an electrical signal to judge the microseismic signal strength. , the judgment method is: ; in: Indicates the maximum amplitude of the current rock and soil recorded in the electrical signal; Indicates the correction factor.

[0013] Preferably, the stress parameter measurement process of the slope body is: When the pressure in the slope changes, the single crystal silicon produces strain, causing the strain resistor directly diffused on it to produce a change proportional to the measured pressure. The corresponding voltage output signal is then obtained by the bridge circuit to obtain the stress of the slope.

[0014] Preferably, the slope electric field strength data is obtained by: ; in: Indicates the electric field strength; represents the potential gradient.

[0015] Preferably, obtaining the damage field parameters inside the slope body includes: The damage field parameters of a single monitoring point on the slope Expressed as: ; in: represents the weighting coefficient of humidity parameter; Indicates the humidity value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the temperature parameter; Indicates the temperature value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of stress parameters; Indicates the stress value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the conductivity parameter; Indicates the conductivity value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the electric field strength; Indicates the electric field strength at the current detection point; According to the damage field parameters of each monitoring point of the slope , obtain the damage field parameters inside the slope , and the way to obtain it is: ; in: Indicates the i Damage field parameters of each monitoring point; Indicates the i The spatial weighting coefficient of each monitoring point.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-parameter monitoring device and method for slope damage field. Compared with the prior art, the advantages thereof are as follows: The present invention sets a multi-parameter sensor of a regular dodecahedron on a detection rod, wherein one side of the multi-parameter sensor is set with a microseismic sensor for microseismic monitoring, and one side is set with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a conductivity probe for temperature, humidity and conductivity sensing, and four sides are set with stress sensors for stress monitoring. At the same time, an excitation electrode sheet and a receiving electrode sheet are set on the detection rod to detect the electric field strength of the slope. During specific monitoring and detection, the microseismic sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, conductivity probe and stress sensor are used to passively receive information in a passive detection manner to simultaneously detect the slope. The temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity, and conductivity parameters are measured. At the same time, based on the excitation electrode and the receiving electrode, the active detection method is used to actively emit current to the slope to actively detect the electric field strength of the slope, so as to realize the simultaneous monitoring of multiple physical fields of the slope. It can synchronously perceive the changes under the water-heat-force multi-field coupling mechanism inside the slope, and then conduct strong spatiotemporal correlation analysis on the electric field strength obtained by active detection and the temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity, and conductivity parameters obtained by passive detection, so as to obtain the damage field parameter information of the slope in an all-round and accurate manner, and provide effective early warning for the stability of the slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an integrated module design of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the operation flow of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating an integrated module of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4A schematic diagram of a polygonal multi-phase sensing design of a sensing body of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a multiplexing design for sensing temperature, humidity, and conductivity of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a humidity sensing device for a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a temperature sensing device for a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a pressure sensing device of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a vibration sensing device of a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Among them: 1. Excitation electrode sheet, 2. Receiving electrode sheet, 3. Multi-parameter sensor, 4. Temperature / humidity / conductivity multiplexed sensing surface, 5. Stress sensing surface, 6. Microseismic sensing surface, 7. Humidity monitoring probe, 8. Thermocouple electrode probe, 9. Platinum resistance sensor, 10. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field, including an excitation electrode sheet 1, a receiving electrode sheet 2, a multi-parameter sensor 3, a temperature / humidity / conductivity multiplexing sensing surface 4, a stress sensing surface 5, a microseismic sensing surface 6, a humidity monitoring probe 7, a thermocouple electrode probe 8, a platinum resistance sensor 9, and a pressure sensor 10. The present invention integrates five types of monitoring parameters: temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity, and conductivity, and combines direct current method and natural potential method for active detection, thereby improving the ability to detect the internal structure of the slope; Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the present invention adopts a five-in-one intelligent sensing device, realizes the sharing of sensor electrodes and circuits through time division multiplexing technology, improves the integration, calculates the global damage parameters through remote transmission to the server, accurately evaluates the slope stability, and realizes intelligent early warning.

[0021] The operation process of the multi-parameter monitoring device for open pit mine slope damage field of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, specifically including: Step S1: Initialization: Define and set the initial humidity ,temperature ,stress , micro-earthquakes , conductivity .

[0022] Step S2: Multi-parameter monitoring data acquisition: integrated sensor collects humidity ,temperature ,stress , micro-earthquakes , conductivity , the electrical instrument performs active detection at the same time; ensure that the data synchronization time difference is controlled within 1s, and the detection parameter continuity coverage range is not less than 100m×100m×30m, to ensure the temporal and spatial consistency of the monitoring data.

[0023] Step S3: Data fusion calculation: Calculate the comprehensive damage parameter S of a single monitoring point and perform data time correction to ensure calculation accuracy.

[0024] Step S4: Data transmission: The data is transmitted to the server via the TCP / IP network.

[0025] Step S5: The server calculates the slope damage characteristics: The server calculates the global damage characteristics based on the uploaded data .

[0026] Step S6: Determine slope instability by comparing global damage parameters Slope stability threshold ;like > , indicating that the slope is unstable, execute step S8; if ≤ , execute step S7.

[0027] Step S7: Enter the next detection cycle and return to step S2.

[0028] Step S8: triggering slope instability warning and storing final monitoring data.

[0029] Among them, step S2 focuses on the integrated design of underground rock and soil multi-parameter sensor, which specifically includes: In view of the underground environment and space constraints in the process of sensing underground geotechnical parameters, the five major sensing functions of temperature, humidity, conductivity, microseismicity and stress are integrated into one to form a five-in-one multi-parameter intelligent sensing device, which realizes the integration and miniaturization of multiple sensing devices, obtains the physical information of the slope in a time-space synchronous manner, and improves monitoring accuracy.

[0030] The temperature sensor device detects the underground temperature, such as Figure 7 As shown, a wire-wound platinum resistor is used as the sensing component. The sensing component is located at the rod head and can be used to accurately measure the rock and soil temperature. The accuracy and stability of the sensor can be determined by selecting the characteristics and accuracy level of the Pt-100 platinum resistor element; the processor digitizes the temperature signal and sends it to the communication module for unified upload to analyze the impact of freeze-thaw cycles on slope stability.

[0031] Humidity sensing device detects underground humidity, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the sensor probe mainly consists of a pair of electrodes forming a capacitor, with the rock and soil between them acting as a dielectric, and the capacitor and the oscillator forming a tuned circuit; the sensor capacitance is proportional to the dielectric constant of the medium being measured between the two poles. The circuit adopts the frequency domain reflection method and the electromagnetic pulse principle to test the apparent dielectric constant of the soil according to the frequency of electromagnetic wave propagation in the rock and soil to obtain the volumetric moisture content of the rock and soil; when the moisture in the rock and soil increases, its dielectric constant increases accordingly, and the measured capacitance value also increases, causing the measurement frequency to change, thereby measuring the moisture content of the rock and soil.

[0032] Stress sensing device detects triaxial stress , is formed by utilizing the piezoresistive effect of single crystal silicon; Figure 8 As shown, a single-crystal silicon wafer is used as an elastic element. Using the integrated circuit process on the single-crystal silicon diaphragm, a group of equal-value resistors are diffused in a specific direction of the single-crystal silicon, and the resistors are connected into a bridge circuit. The single-crystal silicon wafer is placed in the sensor cavity. When the pressure changes, the single-crystal silicon generates strain, causing the strain resistors directly diffused on it to produce changes proportional to the measured pressure. The corresponding voltage output signal is then obtained from the bridge circuit, thereby monitoring the stress state of the slope rock mass.

[0033] Microseismic detection unit microseismic signal , mainly using high-precision vibration sensor probes, such as Figure 9 As shown, it accurately receives the mechanical vibration (displacement, velocity or acceleration) of the object being measured and converts this mechanical quantity into an electrical signal (current or voltage) to output or display it, detecting the microseismic signal intensity. ( The maximum amplitude, is the correction factor); used to detect underground vibration and determine stress concentration.

[0034] Step S2 focuses on the multi-phase perception design of the sensor, which specifically includes: The multi-parameter sensor should measure five parameters: water, heat, force, vibration, and conductivity. When measuring the stress of the monitoring point, the stress in the three axes of xyz should be collected. In order to achieve the integration and miniaturization of the sensor body, this device adopts a regular dodecahedron sensor body design. In addition to the upper and lower through-surfaces for cable connection, one side is used for microseismic sensing, one side is used for temperature, humidity, and conductivity sensing, four sides are used for stress sensing, and some expansion surfaces are reserved. This polyhedral sensing design realizes the perception of multiple parameters, especially multi-phase stress, and also ensures the coupling between the sensor body and the surrounding rock and soil being measured to the greatest extent.

[0035] Among them, step S2 focuses on sensor reuse technology to reduce the sensor installation volume and improve the compactness of slope monitoring equipment, including: The capacitance method is used in the humidity detection process to calculate the water content by using the change in the dielectric constant of the rock and soil; the resistance method is used for conductivity detection. An excitation voltage is applied to the electrode and the current change is measured to calculate the conductivity of the rock and soil. Since both methods rely on electrode probes, a pair of electrodes can be shared and the capacitance values can be measured separately through time division multiplexing. ( is the dielectric constant of rock and soil, is the vacuum dielectric constant, is the electrode area, is the electrode distance), conductivity ( is the applied excitation voltage, To measure current, is the geometric factor).

[0036] In addition, the temperature sensing unit needs to be in full contact with the rock and soil to transmit the temperature signal. Since the probe of the humidity sensor also needs to be buried in the rock and soil, a thermocouple electrode can be added at the same position to realize that the thermocouple electrode and the humidity sensor share part of the circuit, reducing hardware redundancy. ( is the thermocouple output voltage, is the thermocouple sensitivity ).

[0037] Among them, step S2 focuses on the integration of monitoring and detection, which specifically includes: Integrated monitoring and detection combines active detection (electrical prospecting) and passive monitoring (multi-parameter sensors) to acquire physical information about the slope's interior and surface in a synchronized manner, improving monitoring accuracy and early warning capabilities for slope instability. Passive monitoring integrates sensors for five physical parameters: humidity, temperature, stress, microseismicity, and conductivity. This system continuously acquires data about the slope's internal environment. The system utilizes a five-in-one multi-parameter intelligent sensing device for real-time monitoring of the slope.

[0038] During the active detection phase, the device uses direct current (DC) and natural potential monitoring to detect underground rock and soil structures to supplement the inadequacy of passive monitoring data. The DC method measures changes in the electrical conductivity of the underground rock mass to infer crack expansion and water content distribution. The specific formula is: ,in The measured conductivity, To measure voltage, To measure current, is the geometric factor, which is related to the detection electrode spacing, where , 、 、 、 is the electrode spacing; the direct current method can arrange an electrode array on the slope surface to form a quadrupole measurement system, collect resistivity data at different depths, and analyze groundwater content, rock and soil conductivity, and crack development through multi-frequency measurement; natural potential monitoring is used to measure changes in the spontaneous electric field of rock and soil media and analyze groundwater dynamics and crack conductivity; natural potential uses high-sensitivity electrodes to measure changes in natural potential in different areas of the slope, and identify crack direction and groundwater flow characteristics through the spatial gradient of potential distribution; the specific formula is: ,in is the electric field strength, is the potential gradient.

[0039] To ensure temporal and spatial consistency, the device uses an FPGA+ARM data fusion architecture to ensure that the sampling time of all sensors is synchronized: ( ), and through distributed data storage, the detection parameter continuity coverage range is not less than 100m×100m×30m, ensuring the temporal and spatial consistency of sensor data.

[0040] Among them, step S3 focuses on the fusion calculation of monitoring and detection data, which specifically includes: After passive monitoring and active detection, the data from both are combined to calculate the comprehensive damage parameters , forming the basic data for slope damage assessment and calculating the global damage parameters for the subsequent step S7 Provide basic data.

[0041] First, the multi-source data to be processed in step S5 include temperature ,humidity ,stress , micro-earthquakes , conductivity , electric field strength Since these physical quantities have different units and scales, they need to be normalized to ensure that the data are calculated under the same dimension. The formula is: .

[0042] in: Represents the original monitoring data; and Respectively represent the maximum and minimum values of the physical quantity; Represents normalized dimensionless data. Normalization avoids numerical imbalances between different physical quantities and improves data fusion quality.

[0043] On the basis of data normalization, step S5 needs to perform fusion calculation of monitoring data and detection data. The damage parameter of a single monitoring point is obtained through weighted calculation and expressed as: ,in 、 、 、 、 In addition, step S5 uses a timestamp matching algorithm to perform data time correction to ensure that the acquisition time of different data sources is consistent, thereby eliminating data delays and calculation errors and improving the overall evaluation accuracy.

[0044] Among them, step S5 focuses on the calculation of slope damage characteristics, which specifically includes: Calculate global damage characteristics based on monitoring data transmitted by the server , , is the comprehensive damage parameter of a single monitoring point, is the spatial weighting coefficient of a single monitoring point and is combined with the slope stability threshold Comparison is made to determine whether the slope is in an unstable state; its core goal is to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of data calculation, mainly involving key processes such as global damage parameter calculation, slope damage feature analysis, data storage and early warning triggering.

[0045] In addition, server calculations also need to store calculation results in order to analyze the evolution trend of slope damage in the long term and improve prediction capabilities; all data will be automatically stored in the database, and historical data will be called for trend analysis when necessary; the present invention optimizes the timeliness, accuracy and stability of slope damage feature calculations, and through global damage calculation + three-dimensional damage field modeling + instability judgment, ultimately forms a complete slope stability assessment system, providing scientific support for open-pit mine slope safety management.

[0046] The present invention integrates multiple sensing units such as temperature, humidity, stress, conductivity, and microseismicity, and combines them with DC electrical exploration technology to achieve real-time monitoring and stability analysis of the internal environment and structural changes of the slope body; the device adopts a five-in-one multi-parameter sensor design to optimize the sensor layout and improve the spatiotemporal continuity of data acquisition; the sensor body has the shape of a regular dodecahedron, one side of which is used for microseismic monitoring, one side for temperature, humidity, and conductivity sensing, and four sides for stress monitoring, with an expansion surface reserved to improve the multi-parameter measurement capability and coupling with rock and soil; the humidity and conductivity detection units share a pair of electrode probes, and the measurement is improved through time division multiplexing. Efficiency; the temperature sensing unit uses a wire-wound platinum resistor sensor, combined with a humidity sensing circuit to achieve circuit integration; the stress sensing unit uses a piezoresistive sensor to measure triaxial stress through a single-crystal silicon strain gauge bridge; the microseismic detection unit uses a high-precision vibration sensor to monitor local ruptures and microseismic activities on the slope; in addition, the device integrates a DC electrical detection unit to analyze the scope and development trend of slope damage by measuring changes in rock and soil electrical properties and combining environmental parameter data; the data acquisition part transmits monitoring data through wireless communication technology and uses a multi-source information fusion algorithm for analysis to achieve intelligent assessment and early warning of slope stability. This invention breaks through the data discreteness problem of traditional open-pit mine slope monitoring technology, and realizes all-round, multi-parameter, and high-precision monitoring. It is suitable for long-term monitoring of open-pit mines, large slopes, and areas prone to geological disasters, providing technical support for slope safety management and disaster prevention and control.

[0047] The present invention optimizes the sensor layout through the regular dodecahedron five-in-one multi-parameter sensor, improves the spatiotemporal continuity of data acquisition, integrates multiple sensor units such as temperature, humidity, stress, conductivity, and microseismicity, and combines DC electrical exploration with natural potential monitoring to achieve real-time monitoring and stability assessment of the internal structure and environmental changes of the slope; the present invention integrates electrical exploration and multi-parameter sensors to build an integrated monitoring and exploration system, and adopts FPGA+ARM architecture to ensure data synchronization. Through the multi-source information fusion algorithm, the device realizes comprehensive damage parameter calculation, global stability assessment and intelligent early warning; finally, the data is stored in a database to support long-term evolution trend analysis; in addition, the present invention breaks through the limitations of traditional monitoring technology and realizes multi-parameter, high-precision, and all-round monitoring. It is suitable for open-pit mines, large slopes and geological disaster monitoring, and provides technical support for slope stability assessment and prevention.

[0048] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field, characterized in that: include: The exciting electrode sheet, the receiving electrode sheet and the regular dodecahedron multi-parameter sensing body are arranged on the detection rod; A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a conductivity probe are simultaneously provided on one side of the multi-parameter sensor, and a stress sensor, a microseismic sensor, and a pressure sensor are respectively provided on the remaining sides of the multi-parameter sensor; During the multi-parameter monitoring and detection process of the slope damage field, the detection rod is buried deep in the slope, and the current is emitted to the slope by the exciting electrode sheet. The receiving electrode sheet collects the electric field strength data after the current flows through the slope body, so as to actively detect the slope body; at the same time, the temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity and conductivity parameters inside the slope body are obtained synchronously and in real time through the multi-parameter sensor body to passively detect the slope body, and combined with the electric field strength data of the slope body, the damage field parameters inside the slope body are identified.

2. A multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes data processing module and early warning module; The data processing module is used to perform weighted fusion of temperature, humidity, stress, microseismicity, conductivity and electric field strength data through a multi-source information fusion method to obtain the total damage parameters of the slope damage field; The early warning module is used to provide a slope instability early warning based on the comparison result of the total damage parameter and the preset threshold.

3. The multi-parameter monitoring device for slope damage field according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature sensor uses a wire-wound platinum resistor as a sensing component; The humidity sensor comprises a pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes forming a capacitor, the rock and soil between the two electrodes serving as an electrolyte, and the capacitor and the oscillator forming a tuned circuit; The microseismic sensor adopts a vibration sensing probe; The stress sensor uses a single-crystal silicon wafer as an elastic element. Using integrated circuit technology, a group of equal-value resistors are diffused in a specific direction of the single-crystal silicon on the single-crystal silicon diaphragm, and the resistors are connected into a bridge circuit. The single-crystal silicon wafer is placed in the stress sensor cavity.

4. A method for monitoring a slope damage field using a multi-parameter monitoring device for a slope damage field according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: During multi-parameter monitoring of slope damage, the temperature, humidity, stress, microseismic and conductivity parameters of the current monitoring point are measured using the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, conductivity probe, stress sensor and microseismic sensor on the multi-parameter sensor. The exciting electrode piece is used to transmit current to the slope body, and the receiving electrode piece collects the electric field intensity data of the current flowing through the current detection point; The damage field parameters of the current monitoring point are obtained through the temperature parameters, humidity parameters, stress parameters, microseismic parameters and conductivity parameters of the current monitoring point, as well as the electric field strength data of the current detection point; The damage field parameters of multiple monitoring points are weighted and fused to obtain the damage field parameters inside the slope.

5. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The humidity parameter of the slope body is measured by capacitance method, and the water content of the slope body is calculated by using the change of dielectric constant of rock and soil; The calculation method is: ； in: represents the dielectric constant of rock and soil; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; represents the electrode area; Indicates the electrode spacing.

6. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conductivity parameters of the slope body are measured by the resistance method. An excitation voltage is applied to the conductivity probe, and the current change is measured to calculate the conductivity of the slope body. ; Conductivity The calculation method is: ； in: represents the applied excitation voltage; Indicates the measured current; represents the geometric factor.

7. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: When measuring the microseismic parameters of the slope, the mechanical vibration of the rock and soil is recorded and formed into a mechanical quantity; the mechanical quantity is converted into an electrical signal to determine the strength of the microseismic signal. , the judgment method is: ； in: Indicates the maximum amplitude of the current rock and soil recorded in the electrical signal; Indicates the correction factor.

8. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stress parameter measurement process of the slope body is as follows: When the pressure in the slope changes, the single crystal silicon produces strain, causing the strain resistor directly diffused on it to produce a change proportional to the measured pressure. The corresponding voltage output signal is then obtained by the bridge circuit to obtain the stress of the slope.

9. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the slope body electric field strength data is as follows: ； in: Indicates the electric field strength; represents the potential gradient.

10. A multi-parameter monitoring method for slope damage field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acquisition of the damage field parameters inside the slope body includes: The damage field parameters of a single monitoring point on the slope Expressed as: ； in: represents the weighting coefficient of humidity parameter; Indicates the humidity value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the temperature parameter; Indicates the temperature value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of stress parameters; Indicates the stress value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the conductivity parameter; Indicates the conductivity value of the current monitoring point; represents the weighting coefficient of the electric field strength; Indicates the electric field strength at the current detection point; According to the damage field parameters of each monitoring point of the slope , obtain the damage field parameters inside the slope , and the way to obtain it is: ； in: Indicates the i Damage field parameters of each monitoring point; Indicates the i The spatial weighting coefficient of each monitoring point.

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