A permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an instrument and method for compacting permeable concrete specimens. The instrument includes a base, a rotating impact mechanism, a specimen preparation mold, a gantry frame, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism. The rotating impact mechanism includes a bearing block and a rotating component. The specimen preparation mold is installed on top of the bearing block. The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod and a heavy hammer. The compaction mechanism includes a connecting block and a concrete tamping rod. The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer or the connecting block. The method includes the following steps: 1. Installing the specimen preparation mold; 2. Installing the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism; 3. Compacting the permeable concrete specimen; 4. Installing the hammering mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism; 5. Compacting the permeable concrete specimen; 6. Testing the permeable concrete specimen. This invention is reasonably designed and can obtain data on the preparation of permeable concrete specimens and the testing of their permeability coefficient and compressive strength under different compaction times, heavy hammer weights, heavy hammer heights, and hammering times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of permeable concrete testing technology, and in particular relates to an instrument and method for compacting permeable concrete specimens. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, permeable concrete, primarily composed of cement, aggregates, and reinforcing agents, has developed a porous structure with excellent air and water permeability. This type of concrete effectively drains water during the rainy season and also possesses a certain load-bearing capacity and decorative appeal. The permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete are crucial indicators for its practical engineering applications. The permeability coefficient determines its permeability, while the compressive strength relates to its durability and load-bearing capacity. By studying these two parameters, the performance of permeable concrete can be optimized to meet diverse engineering needs.

[0003] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a reasonably designed instrument and method for compacting permeable concrete specimens. This method involves using a hammering mechanism to compact the permeable concrete within a specimen preparation mold, and a tamping mechanism to tamp the permeable concrete within the mold, resulting in both tamped and hammered permeable concrete specimens. By testing these specimens, it is possible to determine the permeability coefficient and compressive strength under different tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, and hammering times. This allows for the selection of tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, or hammering times based on actual engineering needs, further assisting in the construction of permeable concrete in practical engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument. This instrument is rationally designed, using a hammering mechanism to compact the permeable concrete within the specimen preparation mold, and a tamping mechanism to tamp the permeable concrete within the mold, thus obtaining tamped and hammered permeable concrete specimens. By testing these tamped and hammered specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength can be tested under different tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, and hammering times. This facilitates the selection of tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, or hammering times based on actual engineering needs, further assisting in the construction of permeable concrete in practical engineering projects.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a permeable concrete specimen tamping and compaction instrument, characterized in that: it includes a base, a rotating impact mechanism disposed on the base, a specimen preparation mold disposed on the rotating impact mechanism, a portal frame disposed on the base, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism disposed on the portal frame, wherein the lifting and adjusting mechanism is provided with a hammering mechanism for compacting the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold or a tamping mechanism for tamping the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold;

[0006] The rotating impact-bearing mechanism includes a bearing block disposed on a base and a rotating component that drives the bearing block to rotate; the specimen manufacturing mold is installed on top of the bearing block.

[0007] The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod arranged vertically inside a portal frame and a heavy hammer connected to the bottom of the guide rod and capable of falling freely to strike. The tamping mechanism includes a connecting block and a concrete tamping rod arranged at the bottom of the connecting block. The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer or the connecting block.

[0008] The aforementioned permeable concrete specimen tamping and compaction instrument further includes a rotating component comprising a hollow motor disposed in the top of the base and a hollow rotating shaft sleeved in the hollow motor. The lower end of the hollow rotating shaft extends into the base, and the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft extends into the bearing block and is interference-fitted with the bearing block. The bottom surface of the bearing block rotates in contact with the top surface of the base.

[0009] The hollow rotating shaft is equipped with an internal lifting component, which includes a bottom sealing plate located at the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft and an internal hydraulic rod located on the bottom sealing plate and inside the hollow rotating shaft. An upper lifting plate is located at the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft. The fixed end of the internal hydraulic rod is located on the bottom sealing plate, and the telescopic end of the internal hydraulic rod is connected to the upper lifting plate. The internal hydraulic rod drives the upper lifting plate to rise and fall.

[0010] In the aforementioned permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument, the top of the bearing block is provided with an installation groove, a bottom template is provided in the installation groove, the top surface of the bottom template is lower than the top of the bearing block, the bottom surface of the bottom template is attached to the top surface of the upper lifting plate, and the cross-section of the bottom template is larger than the cross-section of the upper lifting plate.

[0011] The specimen fabrication mold includes two half-side molds joined together. Connecting ears are provided on the outer side wall of the half-side mold. The bottom of the half-side mold is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template. The outer side wall of the half-side mold abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove. The connecting ears and the bearing block are connected by bolts.

[0012] The aforementioned permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument further includes a lifting and adjusting mechanism comprising a motor mounted on a portal frame, a vertical lead screw connected to the motor output shaft, a threaded nut sleeved on the vertical lead screw, and an L-shaped component mounted on the nut. The L-shaped component is provided with a horizontal hydraulic rod, and the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod is provided with a U-shaped clamp.

[0013] In the aforementioned permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument, the two opposite sides of the hammer and the connecting block are provided with protruding plates, which extend into the U-shaped clamp for clamping.

[0014] The fixing part of the horizontal hydraulic rod is installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped part, and a laser range sensor is provided at the bottom of the vertical part of the L-shaped part. The lower end face of the laser range sensor is flush with the lower end face of the counterweight.

[0015] The aforementioned permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument further includes a side-impact mechanism on the gantry frame. The side-impact mechanism includes a base plate, a power motor mounted on the base plate, a transmission rod connected to the power motor, and a rubber hammer mounted at the end of the transmission rod. A turntable is mounted on the output shaft of the power motor, and a protruding post is provided on the edge of the turntable.

[0016] The transmission rod includes a connecting rod hinged to the convex post and a horizontal rod hinged to the connecting rod. A guide block is provided on the base plate for the horizontal rod to pass through and guide it. A connector is provided at the end of the horizontal rod that extends out of the guide block. The rubber hammer is mounted on the connector.

[0017] Meanwhile, a method for compacting permeable concrete specimens by tamping is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Installation of the mold for specimen fabrication:

[0019] Step 101: Install the bottom template in the mounting groove at the top of the bearing block;

[0020] Step 102: Install the specimen making mold on the bottom template; wherein, the top surface of the bottom template is lower than the top of the support block, the bottom surface of the bottom template is attached to the top surface of the lifting plate, the bottom of the specimen making mold is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template, the outer side wall of the specimen making mold abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the connecting lug on the outer side wall of the specimen making mold and the support block are connected by bolts;

[0021] Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism:

[0022] Step 201: Install a concrete tamping rod at the bottom of the connecting block;

[0023] Step 202: Operate the lifting and adjusting mechanism so that the two horizontal hydraulic rods extend synchronously, so that the convex plates on both sides of the connecting block are clamped in the U-shaped clamps at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods;

[0024] Step 3: Preparation of permeable concrete specimens by tamping:

[0025] The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into a specimen making mold and tamped with a concrete tamping rod until the set number of tamping times is reached, thus obtaining a tamped permeable concrete specimen.

[0026] Step 4: Install the hammering mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism:

[0027] Step 401: Disassemble the connecting block and concrete tamping rod, and install the guide rod inside the portal frame; wherein, the guide rod passes through the top of the portal frame and a limit plate is provided, and the limit plate is located above the portal frame;

[0028] Step 402: Connect a counterweight to the bottom of the guide rod;

[0029] Step 403: Operate the lifting and adjusting mechanism so that the two horizontal hydraulic rods extend synchronously, so that the convex plates on both sides of the hammer are clamped in the U-shaped clamps at the telescopic ends of the horizontal hydraulic rods;

[0030] Step 404: The motor rotates, driving the hammer and guide rod to rise and fall. During the process of the hammer and guide rod rising and falling along the portal frame, the laser range sensor detects the height between the hammer and the support block until the height of the hammer meets the set hammering height requirement.

[0031] Step 5: Hammering the permeable concrete specimen:

[0032] The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into a specimen making mold and hammered by dropping a heavy hammer until the set number of hammer blows is reached, thus obtaining a hammered permeable concrete specimen.

[0033] Step Six: Testing of permeable concrete specimens subjected to tamping and hammering:

[0034] Step 601: Repeat steps two to five multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of tamping operations, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, to obtain permeable concrete specimens with different tamping operations and permeable concrete specimens with different hammer blows.

[0035] Step 602: Test the permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete specimens with different tamping and hammering methods respectively.

[0036] Step 603: Using a computer, with the permeability coefficient as the vertical axis and the number of tampings, hammer weight, hammer height, and number of blows as the horizontal axis, we obtain the relationship graphs between the number of tampings and the permeability coefficient, the weight of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, the height of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, and the number of blows and the permeability coefficient.

[0037] Using a computer, the relationships between the number of tamping operations and compressive strength, the weight of the hammer and compressive strength, the height of the hammer and compressive strength, and the number of blows and compressive strength were obtained, with compressive strength as the vertical axis and the number of tamping operations, hammer weight, hammer height and compressive strength, and blows and compressive strength as the horizontal axes.

[0038] The above method is characterized by the following step: Step three, the specific process of which is as follows:

[0039] Step 301: Fill the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen preparation mold;

[0040] Step 302: The motor rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods to descend. The descent of the horizontal hydraulic rods causes the clamped concrete tamping rod to move downward. The concrete tamping rod is inserted into the specimen making mold to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping cycle.

[0041] Step 303: The motor rotates in the reverse direction, causing the concrete tamping rod to move upwards;

[0042] Step 304: Adjust the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods. The extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods will drive the concrete tamping rod to adjust its horizontal position so that the concrete tamping rod can tamp the permeable concrete in the mold of the specimen from all sides to the center until the set number of tamping is reached, thus completing the production of one layer of permeable concrete.

[0043] Step 305: Following the methods of steps 301 to 304, proceed with the production of the next layer of permeable concrete until the mold is filled with test specimens.

[0044] Step 306: Operate the rotating component to drive the support block to rotate. The rotation of the support block drives the specimen making mold to rotate. During the rotation of the specimen making mold, operate the rubber hammer part of the side striking mechanism to approach the specimen making mold to strike the outer wall of the specimen making mold until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod disappears.

[0045] Step 307: Stop the rotating parts from working, smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen mold, and then let it solidify at room temperature.

[0046] Step 308: Remove the bolts connecting the connecting lug and the bearing block, operate the inner hydraulic rod to extend, the extension of the inner hydraulic rod will drive the upper lifting plate to rise, the rise of the upper lifting plate will drive the specimen making mold to rise through the bottom template until the bottom of the specimen making mold is above the bearing block;

[0047] Step 309: Remove the mold for making the specimen and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain the tamped permeable concrete specimen.

[0048] The above method, step five, is as follows:

[0049] Step 501: Load the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen preparation mold;

[0050] Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods to retract synchronously, the U-shaped clamp disengages from the convex plate, and the hammer and guide rod fall freely. The falling hammer strikes the permeable concrete mixture in the specimen making mold, completing one hammering.

[0051] Step 503: Repeat steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammer blows is reached to complete the construction of one layer of permeable concrete.

[0052] Step 504: Following the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, produce the next layer of permeable concrete until the mold is filled with specimens, and obtain the hammered permeable concrete specimens following the methods of steps 307 to 309.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0054] 1. The present invention has a reasonable and convenient design for permeable concrete specimen tamping and compaction, and good performance. It can produce permeable concrete specimens by both tamping and hammering, so as to obtain permeable concrete specimens by both tamping and hammering, providing a reference for the study of tamping and hammering of permeable concrete specimens.

[0055] 2. This invention, through lifting and adjusting, can both clamp and insert the concrete tamping rod for vertical tamping, and clamp the hammer to adjust the hammer's falling height. It is easy to operate and can meet different testing requirements.

[0056] 3. The present invention is equipped with a rotating mechanism, which includes a hollow motor and a hollow rotating shaft. The hollow motor drives the hollow rotating shaft to rotate, and the hollow rotating shaft drives the bearing block and the specimen preparation mold to rotate synchronously. This allows for adjustment of the side-impact mechanism on different sides. The rubber hammer is used to gently tap around the specimen preparation mold until the holes left by the tamping rod disappear. Secondly, the hollow rotating shaft also facilitates the accommodation of the internal lifting components, which rotate synchronously with the components, improving the compactness.

[0057] 4. The internal lifting component of this invention is designed to extend the internal hydraulic rod, which in turn causes the upper lifting plate to rise. The rising of the upper lifting plate, in turn, causes the specimen making mold to rise through the bottom template until the bottom of the specimen making mold is above the support block, thus facilitating the removal of the specimen making mold.

[0058] 5. The present invention first involves the installation of a specimen preparation mold, then the installation of a concrete tamping rod on a lifting and adjusting mechanism to achieve the tamping preparation of permeable concrete specimens; then the installation of a hammering mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism to achieve the hammering preparation of permeable concrete specimens; and finally the testing of permeable concrete specimens to obtain the permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete specimens under different tamping times, hammer weight, hammer height, and hammering times.

[0059] In summary, this invention is rationally designed. It uses a hammering mechanism to compact the permeable concrete within the mold, and a tamping mechanism to tamp the permeable concrete within the mold, resulting in both tamped and hammered permeable concrete specimens. By testing these specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength can be measured under different tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, and hammering times. This facilitates the selection of tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, or hammering times based on actual engineering needs, further assisting in the construction of permeable concrete in practical engineering projects.

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tamping structure of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hammering structure of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side striking mechanism of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0065] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0066] 1—Base; 2—Hollow motor; 3—Hollow shaft;

[0067] 4—Internal lifting components; 41—Internal hydraulic rod; 42—Upper lifting plate;

[0068] 43—Bottom sealing plate; 5—Lifting and adjusting mechanism; 51—Motor;

[0069] 52—Vertical lead screw; 53—Lead nut; 54—L-shaped component;

[0070] 55—Horizontal hydraulic rod; 56—U-shaped clamp; 57—Bottom plate;

[0071] 6—Sample mold; 61—Bottom template; 62—Half-side template;

[0072] 63—Connecting lug; 7—Support block; 8—Gantry frame;

[0073] 9—Side striking mechanism; 91—Baseboard; 92—Power motor;

[0074] 93—Turntable; 94—Protruding post; 95—Connecting rod;

[0075] 96—Horizontal bar; 97—Guide block; 98—Connector;

[0076] 99—Rubber hammer; 9A—Convex slider; 10—Laser rangefinder sensor;

[0077] 11—Limit plate; 12—Guide rod; 13—Flat weight;

[0078] 14—convex plate; 15—connecting block; 16—concrete tamping rod. Detailed Implementation

[0079] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument includes a base 1, a rotating impact mechanism disposed on the base 1, a specimen preparation mold 6 disposed on the rotating impact mechanism, a portal frame 8 disposed on the base 1, and a lifting adjustment mechanism 5 disposed on the portal frame 8. The lifting adjustment mechanism 5 is provided with a hammering mechanism for compacting the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold 6 or a tamping mechanism for tamping the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold 6.

[0080] The rotating impact-bearing mechanism includes a bearing block 7 disposed on the base 1 and a rotating component that drives the bearing block 7 to rotate. The specimen making mold 6 is installed on the top of the bearing block 7.

[0081] The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod 12 arranged vertically inside the gantry frame 8 and a heavy hammer 13 connected to the bottom of the guide rod 12 and capable of falling freely to strike. The tamping mechanism includes a connecting block 15 and a concrete tamping rod 16 arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 15. The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer 13 or the connecting block 15.

[0082] In this embodiment, the rotating component includes a hollow motor 2 disposed in the top of the base 1 and a hollow rotating shaft 3 sleeved in the hollow motor 2. The lower end of the hollow rotating shaft 3 extends into the base 1, and the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft 3 extends into the support block 7 and is interference-fitted with the support block 7. The bottom surface of the support block 7 is in contact with the top surface of the base 1 and rotates.

[0083] The hollow rotating shaft 3 is provided with an internal lifting component 4. The internal lifting component 4 includes a bottom sealing plate 43 located in the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft 3 and an inner hydraulic rod 41 located on the bottom sealing plate 43 and inside the hollow rotating shaft 3. An upper lifting plate 42 is provided in the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft 3. The fixed end of the inner hydraulic rod 41 is located on the bottom sealing plate 43, and the telescopic end of the inner hydraulic rod 41 is connected to the upper lifting plate 42. The inner hydraulic rod 41 drives the upper lifting plate 42 to rise and fall.

[0084] In this embodiment, the top of the support block 7 is provided with an installation groove, and a bottom template 61 is provided in the installation groove. The top surface of the bottom template 61 is lower than the top of the support block 7, and the bottom surface of the bottom template 61 is attached to the top surface of the upper lifting plate 42. The cross-section of the bottom template 61 is larger than the cross-section of the upper lifting plate 42.

[0085] The specimen preparation mold 6 includes two half-side molds 62 joined together. A connecting lug 63 is provided on the outer side wall of the half-side mold 62. The bottom of the half-side mold 62 is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template 61. The outer side wall of the half-side mold 62 abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove. The connecting lug 63 and the bearing block 7 are connected by bolts.

[0086] In this embodiment, the lifting adjustment mechanism 5 includes a motor 51 mounted on a portal frame 8, a vertical lead screw 52 connected to the output shaft of the motor 51, a nut 53 threaded onto the vertical lead screw 52, ​​and an L-shaped member 54 mounted on the nut 53. The L-shaped member 54 is provided with a horizontal hydraulic rod 55, and the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is provided with a U-shaped clamp 56.

[0087] In this embodiment, two opposite sides of the weight 13 and the connecting block 15 are provided with protruding plates 14, which extend into the U-shaped clamp 56 for clamping.

[0088] The fixing part of the horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped part 54. A laser range sensor 10 is provided at the bottom of the vertical part of the L-shaped part 54. The lower end face of the laser range sensor 10 is flush with the lower end face of the counterweight 13.

[0089] In this embodiment, the gantry frame 8 is provided with a side striking mechanism 9. The side striking mechanism 9 includes a base plate 91, a power motor 92 provided on the base plate 91, a transmission rod that is connected to the power motor 92, and a rubber hammer 99 provided at the end of the transmission rod. A turntable 93 is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor 92, and a protruding post 94 is provided on the edge of the turntable 93.

[0090] The transmission rod includes a connecting rod 95 hinged to the protrusion 94 and a horizontal rod 96 hinged to the connecting rod 95. A guide block 97 is provided on the base plate 91 for the horizontal rod 96 to pass through and guide it. A connector 98 is provided at the end of the horizontal rod 96 that extends out of the guide block 97. The rubber hammer 99 is mounted on the connector 98.

[0091] In this embodiment, in actual use, the hollow motor 2 and the hollow rotating shaft 3 are set so that the hollow motor 2 can drive the hollow rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the hollow rotating shaft 3 can drive the bearing block 7 and the specimen preparation mold 6 to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the side-side striking mechanism 9 on different sides, and gently tapping the specimen preparation mold 6 with a rubber hammer until the holes left by the tamping rod disappear.

[0092] In this embodiment, in actual use, if it is necessary to make a rectangular permeable concrete specimen, the half-side mold 62 is a U-shaped mold; if it is necessary to make a cylindrical permeable concrete specimen, the half-side mold 62 is a semi-circular mold.

[0093] In this embodiment, during actual use, the size and shape of the mounting groove of the bearing block 7 can be adjusted to adapt to different sizes and shapes of permeable concrete specimens.

[0094] In this embodiment, during actual use, the two-part side mold 62 can be disassembled, which facilitates subsequent disassembly and demolding.

[0095] In this embodiment, during actual use, the connection between the two halves of the side mold 62 can be made by inserting grooves and protrusions. Ear plates and bolts can be added to the outer wall of the connection, improving stability. A sealing gasket can also be added to the joint.

[0096] In this embodiment, during actual use, the portal frame 8 includes vertically arranged vertical rods and a crossbeam connected to the top of the vertical rods. The motor 51 is mounted on the crossbeam, and the output shaft of the motor 51 passes through the top of the vertical lead screw 52 of the crossbeam for transmission connection. The vertical rod is provided with a bottom plate 57 for the bottom end of the vertical lead screw 52 to be rotatably mounted. The guide rod 12 slides through the crossbeam and does not affect the guide rod falling with the weight 13.

[0097] In this embodiment, during actual use, the motor 51 rotates, which drives the vertical lead screw 52 to rotate. When the vertical lead screw 52 rotates, the lead screw nut 53 moves downward along the vertical lead screw 52 until the height of the U-shaped clamp 56 and the convex plate 14 correspond. Then, the horizontal hydraulic rod 55 is extended, and the U-shaped clamp 56 moves closer to the convex plate 14 until the convex plate 14 extends into the U-shaped clamp 56 to clamp it.

[0098] The motor 51 rotates in the reverse direction, which drives the vertical lead screw 52 to rotate in the reverse direction. The vertical lead screw 52 rotates in the reverse direction, and the lead screw nut 53 moves upward along the vertical lead screw 52. With the cooperation of the U-shaped clamp 56 and the convex plate 14, it drives the hammer 13 and the guide rod 12 to move upward. During the upward movement of the hammer 13 and the guide rod 12, the laser range sensor 10 detects the height between the hammer 13 and the support block 7 until the height of the hammer 13 meets the set hammering height requirement.

[0099] In this embodiment, the specimen preparation mold 6 is a cube, and the size of the permeable concrete specimen is 150mm×150mm×150mm. Under standard curing conditions of 20±2℃ and humidity ≥95%, the specimen is cured for 28 days, and the average value of 3 specimens can be taken as the test result.

[0100] In this embodiment, during actual use, the rubber hammer 99 in the side striking mechanism 9 can be used to strike the four side walls of the specimen making mold 6 while the mold is rotating.

[0101] In this embodiment, during actual use, the permeable concrete mixture is loaded in two layers when tamping and hammering the permeable concrete specimens.

[0102] In this embodiment, during actual use, the bottom threads of the hammer 13 and the guide rod 12 are disassembled and connected to allow the adjustment of the bottom area of ​​the hammer 13 to match the top area of ​​the specimen preparation mold 6, so that the bottom surface of the hammer 13 can evenly hammer the permeable concrete mixture in the specimen preparation mold 6.

[0103] In this embodiment, in actual use, the substrate 91 is mounted on the vertical rod of the portal frame 8.

[0104] In this embodiment, during actual use, the connector 98 and the rubber hammer 99 are threaded together, and a rubber sleeve is fitted onto the hammer body of the rubber hammer 99. This ensures the specimen surface is flat during striking, reduces internal voids and gaps, and improves the density and uniformity of the specimen.

[0105] In this embodiment, during actual use, a convex slider 9A is provided at the bottom of the base of the power motor 92, and a sliding groove is provided on the base plate 91 for the convex slider 9A to slide. The convex slider 9A drives the power motor 92 to move. After moving into place, the base of the power motor 92 is fixed to ensure that the rubber hammer 99 can strike the outer wall of the specimen making mold 6.

[0106] like Figure 4 As shown, a method for compacting permeable concrete specimens by tamping includes the following steps:

[0107] Step 1: Installation of the mold for specimen fabrication:

[0108] Step 101: Install the bottom template 61 in the mounting groove at the top of the support block 7;

[0109] Step 102: Install the specimen preparation mold 6 on the bottom template 61; wherein, the top surface of the bottom template 61 is lower than the top of the support block 7, the bottom surface of the bottom template 61 is attached to the top surface of the lifting plate 42, the bottom of the specimen preparation mold 6 is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template 61, the outer side wall of the specimen preparation mold 6 abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the connecting lug 63 on the outer side wall of the specimen preparation mold 6 and the support block 7 are connected by bolts;

[0110] Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism:

[0111] Step 201: Install the concrete tamping rod 16 at the bottom of the connecting block 15;

[0112] Step 202: Operate the lifting and adjusting mechanism so that the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 extend synchronously, so that the convex plates 14 on both sides of the connecting block 15 are clamped in the U-shaped clamps 56 at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55.

[0113] Step 3: Preparation of permeable concrete specimens by tamping:

[0114] The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into the specimen making mold 6 and tamped with a concrete tamping rod 16 until the set number of tamping times is reached, thus obtaining the tamped permeable concrete specimen.

[0115] Step 4: Install the hammering mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism:

[0116] Step 401: Disassemble the connecting block 15 and the concrete tamping rod 16, and install the guide rod 12 inside the portal frame 8; wherein, the guide rod 12 passes through the top of the portal frame 8 and is provided with a limiting plate 11, and the limiting plate 11 is located above the portal frame 8.

[0117] Step 402: Connect the counterweight 13 to the bottom of the guide rod 12;

[0118] Step 403: Operate the lifting and adjusting mechanism so that the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 extend synchronously, so that the convex plates 14 on both sides of the weight 13 are clamped in the U-shaped clamps 56 at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55.

[0119] Step 404: The motor 51 rotates, driving the hammer 13 and guide rod 12 to rise and fall. During the process of the hammer 13 and guide rod 12 rising and falling along the portal frame 8, the laser range sensor 10 detects the height between the hammer 13 and the support block 7 until the height of the hammer 13 meets the set hammering height requirement.

[0120] Step 5: Hammering the permeable concrete specimen:

[0121] The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into the specimen making mold 6, and hammered by the falling hammer 13 until the set number of hammer blows is reached to obtain the hammered permeable concrete specimen.

[0122] Step Six: Testing of permeable concrete specimens subjected to tamping and hammering:

[0123] Step 601: Repeat steps two to five multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of tamping operations, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, to obtain permeable concrete specimens with different tamping operations and permeable concrete specimens with different hammer blows.

[0124] Step 602: Test the permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete specimens with different tamping and hammering methods respectively.

[0125] Step 603: Using a computer, with the permeability coefficient as the vertical axis and the number of tampings, hammer weight, hammer height, and number of blows as the horizontal axis, we obtain the relationship graphs between the number of tampings and the permeability coefficient, the weight of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, the height of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, and the number of blows and the permeability coefficient.

[0126] Using a computer, the relationships between the number of tamping operations and compressive strength, the weight of the hammer and compressive strength, the height of the hammer and compressive strength, and the number of blows and compressive strength were obtained, with compressive strength as the vertical axis and the number of tamping operations, hammer weight, hammer height and compressive strength, and blows and compressive strength as the horizontal axes.

[0127] In this embodiment, step three is as follows:

[0128] Step 301: Fill the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold 6;

[0129] Step 302: The motor 51 rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 to descend. The descent of the horizontal hydraulic rods 55 causes the clamped concrete tamping rod 16 to move downward. The concrete tamping rod 16 is inserted into the specimen making mold 6 to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping cycle.

[0130] Step 303: The motor 51 rotates in the reverse direction, causing the concrete tamping rod 16 to move upward.

[0131] Step 304: Adjust the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55. The extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 will drive the concrete tamping rod 16 to adjust horizontally, so that the concrete tamping rod 16 can tamp the permeable concrete in the specimen mold 6 from the periphery to the center until the set number of tamping is reached, and the permeable concrete layer is completed.

[0132] Step 305: Following the methods of steps 301 to 304, proceed with the production of the next layer of permeable concrete until the mold 6 is filled with test specimens.

[0133] Step 306: Operate the rotating component to drive the bearing block 7 to rotate. The rotation of the bearing block 7 drives the specimen making mold 6 to rotate. During the rotation of the specimen making mold 6, operate the rubber hammer part 99 in the side striking mechanism 9 to approach the specimen making mold 6 to strike the outer wall of the specimen making mold 6 until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod 16 disappears.

[0134] Step 307: Stop the rotating parts and smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen mold 6, then let it solidify at room temperature.

[0135] Step 308: Remove the bolts connecting the connecting lug 63 and the bearing block 7, operate the inner hydraulic rod 41 to extend, the extension of the inner hydraulic rod 41 drives the upper lifting plate 42 to rise, the rise of the upper lifting plate 42 drives the specimen making mold 6 to rise through the bottom template 61 until the bottom of the specimen making mold 6 is above the bearing block 7.

[0136] Step 309: Remove the specimen making mold 6 and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain the tamped permeable concrete specimen.

[0137] In this embodiment, step five is as follows:

[0138] Step 501: Load the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold 6;

[0139] Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods 55 to retract synchronously, the U-shaped clamp 56 disengages from the convex plate 14, and the hammer 13 and guide rod 12 fall freely. The hammer 13 falls and hammers the permeable concrete mixture of the specimen making mold 6, completing one hammering.

[0140] Step 503: Repeat steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammer blows is reached to complete the construction of one layer of permeable concrete.

[0141] Step 504: Following the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, produce the next layer of permeable concrete until the specimen mold 6 is filled, and obtain the hammered permeable concrete specimen by following the methods of steps 307 to 309.

[0142] In this embodiment, during actual use, the power motor 92 rotates to drive the turntable 93 to rotate, and the turntable 93 rotates to drive the protrusion 94 to rotate. Under the limit of the guide block 97, the protrusion 94 drives the horizontal rod 96 to move horizontally along the guide block 97 through the connecting rod 95. When the horizontal rod 96 moves horizontally along the guide block 97, the length of the horizontal rod 96 extending out of the guide block 97 increases, and the rubber hammer 99 moves closer to the test piece mold 6 until the rubber hammer part 99 contacts the test piece mold 6 to strike the outer wall of the test piece mold 6.

[0143] Conversely, as the motor 92 continues to rotate, the protrusion 94 moves away from the guide block 97, the length of the horizontal rod 96 extending beyond the guide block 97 decreases, and the rubber hammer 99 moves away from the test piece mold 6 to facilitate the next strike by the rubber hammer 99.

[0144] In this embodiment, during actual use, the rotating component is operated to drive the bearing block 7 to rotate. Specifically, the hollow motor 2 drives the hollow shaft 3 to rotate, and the hollow shaft 3 drives the bearing block 7 to rotate. The bearing block 7 and the specimen making mold 6 rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the side impact mechanism 9 on different sides.

[0145] In summary, this invention is rationally designed. It uses a hammering mechanism to compact the permeable concrete within the mold, and a tamping mechanism to tamp the permeable concrete within the mold, resulting in both tamped and hammered permeable concrete specimens. By testing these specimens, the permeability coefficient and compressive strength can be measured under different tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, and hammering times. This facilitates the selection of tamping times, hammer weights, hammer heights, or hammering times based on actual engineering needs, further assisting in the construction of permeable concrete in practical engineering projects.

[0146] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeable concrete test specimen insertion and jolt compaction instrument, characterized by The device includes a base (1), a rotating impact mechanism on the base (1), a specimen preparation mold (6) on the rotating impact mechanism, a portal frame (8) on the base (1), and a lifting adjustment mechanism (5) on the portal frame (8). The lifting adjustment mechanism (5) is equipped with a switchable hammering mechanism and a tamping mechanism. The hammering mechanism is used to compact the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold (6), and the tamping mechanism is used to tamp the permeable concrete in the specimen preparation mold (6). The rotating impact bearing mechanism includes a bearing block (7) set on the base (1) and a rotating component that drives the bearing block (7) to rotate. The specimen making mold (6) is installed on the top of the bearing block (7). The hammering mechanism includes a guide rod (12) arranged vertically inside the gantry frame (8) and a heavy hammer (13) connected to the bottom of the guide rod (12) and able to fall freely to hammer. The tamping mechanism includes a connecting block (15) and a concrete tamping rod (16) arranged at the bottom of the connecting block (15). The lifting and adjusting mechanism can clamp the heavy hammer (13) or the connecting block (15). The rotating component includes a hollow motor (2) disposed in the top of the base (1) and a hollow rotating shaft (3) sleeved in the hollow motor (2). The lower end of the hollow rotating shaft (3) extends into the base (1), and the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft (3) extends into the bearing block (7) and is interference-fitted with the bearing block (7). The bottom surface of the bearing block (7) rotates in contact with the top surface of the base (1). The hollow shaft (3) is provided with an internal lifting component (4). The internal lifting component (4) includes a bottom sealing plate (43) located in the lower end of the hollow shaft (3) and an internal hydraulic rod (41) located on the bottom sealing plate (43) and inside the hollow shaft (3). An upper lifting plate (42) is provided in the upper end of the hollow shaft (3). The fixed end of the internal hydraulic rod (41) is located on the bottom sealing plate (43). The telescopic end of the internal hydraulic rod (41) is connected to the upper lifting plate (42). The internal hydraulic rod (41) drives the upper lifting plate (42) to rise and fall. The lifting adjustment mechanism (5) includes a motor (51) mounted on a gantry frame (8), a vertical lead screw (52) connected to the output shaft of the motor (51), a nut (53) threaded onto the vertical lead screw (52), and an L-shaped piece (54) mounted on the nut (53). A horizontal hydraulic rod (55) is mounted on the L-shaped piece (54), and a U-shaped clamp (56) is mounted on the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rod (55). The two opposite sides of the hammer (13) and the connecting block (15) are provided with protruding plates (14), which extend into the U-shaped clamp (56) for clamping. The fixing part of the horizontal hydraulic rod (55) is installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped part (54), and a laser range sensor (10) is provided at the bottom of the vertical part of the L-shaped part (54). The lower end face of the laser range sensor (10) is flush with the lower end face of the counterweight (13). The gantry frame (8) is provided with a side striking mechanism (9). The side striking mechanism (9) includes a base plate (91), a power motor (92) provided on the base plate (91), a transmission rod connected to the power motor (92), and a rubber hammer (99) provided at the end of the transmission rod. A turntable (93) is sleeved on the output shaft of the power motor (92), and a protrusion (94) is provided on the edge of the turntable (93). The transmission rod includes a connecting rod (95) hinged to the protrusion (94) and a horizontal rod (96) hinged to the connecting rod (95). A guide block (97) is provided on the base plate (91) for the horizontal rod (96) to pass through and guide it. A connector (98) is provided at the end of the horizontal rod (96) that extends out of the guide block (97). The rubber hammer (99) is mounted on the connector (98).

2. The permeable concrete specimen tamping instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bearing block (7) is provided with an installation groove, and a bottom template (61) is provided in the installation groove. The top surface of the bottom template (61) is lower than the top of the bearing block (7). The bottom surface of the bottom template (61) is attached to the top surface of the upper lifting plate (42). The cross-section of the bottom template (61) is larger than the cross-section of the upper lifting plate (42). The specimen preparation mold (6) includes a half-side mold (62) with two halves spliced ​​together. A connecting ear (63) is provided on the outer side wall of the half-side mold (62). The bottom of the half-side mold (62) is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template (61). The outer side wall of the half-side mold (62) abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove. The connecting ear (63) and the bearing block (7) are connected by bolts.

3. A method for compacting permeable concrete specimens using the permeable concrete specimen compaction instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Installation of the mold for specimen fabrication: Step 101: Install the bottom template (61) in the mounting groove on the top of the support block (7); Step 102: Install the specimen making mold (6) on the bottom template (61); wherein, the top surface of the bottom template (61) is lower than the top of the support block (7), the bottom surface of the bottom template (61) is attached to the top surface of the lifting plate (42), the bottom of the specimen making mold (6) is inserted into the mounting groove and abuts against the top surface of the bottom template (61), the outer side wall of the specimen making mold (6) abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the connecting lug (63) on the outer side wall of the specimen making mold (6) and the support block (7) are connected by bolts; Step 2: Install the concrete tamping rod on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 201: Install a concrete tamping rod (16) at the bottom of the connecting block (15). Step 202: Operate the lifting adjustment mechanism to extend the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) simultaneously so that the convex plates (14) on both sides of the connecting block (15) are clamped in the U-shaped clamps (56) at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rods (55); Step 3: Preparation of permeable concrete specimens by tamping: The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into the specimen making mold (6), and tamped by a concrete tamping rod (16) until the set number of tamping times is reached, so as to obtain the tamped permeable concrete specimen. Step 4: Install the hammering mechanism on the lifting and adjusting mechanism: Step 401: Disassemble the connecting block (15) and the concrete tamping rod (16), and install the guide rod (12) inside the portal frame (8); wherein, the guide rod (12) passes through the top of the portal frame (8) and a limiting plate (11) is provided, and the limiting plate (11) is located above the portal frame (8); Step 402: Connect the counterweight (13) to the bottom of the guide rod (12); Step 403: Operate the lifting adjustment mechanism to extend the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) simultaneously so that the convex plates (14) on both sides of the hammer (13) are clamped in the U-shaped clamps (56) at the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic rods (55); Step 404: The motor (51) rotates, driving the hammer (13) and guide rod (12) to rise and fall. During the process of the hammer (13) and guide rod (12) rising and falling along the portal frame (8), the laser range sensor (10) detects the height between the hammer (13) and the support block (7) until the height of the hammer (13) meets the set hammering height requirement. Step 5: Hammering the permeable concrete specimen: The permeable concrete mixture is loaded into the specimen making mold (6), and hammered by a heavy hammer (13) until the set number of hammer blows is reached to obtain the hammered permeable concrete specimen. Step Six: Testing of permeable concrete specimens subjected to tamping and hammering: Step 601: Repeat steps two to five multiple times, continuously adjusting the number of tamping operations, the weight of the hammer, the height of the hammer, and the number of hammer blows, to obtain permeable concrete specimens with different tamping operations and permeable concrete specimens with different hammer blows. Step 602: Test the permeability coefficient and compressive strength of permeable concrete specimens with different tamping and hammering methods respectively. Step 603: Using a computer, with the permeability coefficient as the vertical axis and the number of tampings, hammer weight, hammer height, and number of blows as the horizontal axis, we obtain the relationship graphs between the number of tampings and the permeability coefficient, the weight of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, the height of the hammer and the permeability coefficient, and the number of blows and the permeability coefficient. Using a computer, the relationships between the number of tamping operations and compressive strength, the weight of the hammer and compressive strength, the height of the hammer and compressive strength, and the number of blows and compressive strength were obtained, with compressive strength as the vertical axis and the number of tamping operations, hammer weight, hammer height and compressive strength, and blows and compressive strength as the horizontal axes.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step three, the specific process is as follows: Step 301: Fill the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold (6); Step 302: The motor (51) rotates, driving the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) to descend. The horizontal hydraulic rods (55) descend, driving the clamped concrete tamping rod (16) to move downward. The concrete tamping rod (16) is inserted into the specimen making mold (6) to tamp the permeable concrete mixture, completing one tamping operation. Step 303: The motor (51) rotates in the opposite direction, driving the concrete tamping rod (16) to move upward; Step 304: Adjust the extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55). The extension and retraction of the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) will drive the concrete tamping rod (16) to adjust horizontally so that the concrete tamping rod (16) can tamp the permeable concrete in the mold (6) of the specimen from all sides to the center until the set number of tamping times is reached, and the permeable concrete layer is completed. Step 305: Following the methods of steps 301 to 304, make the next layer of permeable concrete until the mold is filled with test specimens (6). Step 306: Operate the rotating component to drive the bearing block (7) to rotate. The rotation of the bearing block (7) drives the specimen making mold (6) to rotate. During the rotation of the specimen making mold (6), operate the rubber hammer (99) in the side striking mechanism (9) to approach the specimen making mold (6) to strike the outer wall of the specimen making mold (6) until the insertion hole of the concrete tamping rod (16) disappears. Step 307: Stop the operation of the rotating parts and smooth the concrete on the top of the specimen making mold (6), then let it solidify at room temperature; Step 308: Remove the bolts connecting the connecting lug (63) and the bearing block (7), operate the inner hydraulic rod (41) to extend, the extension of the inner hydraulic rod (41) drives the upper lifting plate (42) to rise, the rise of the upper lifting plate (42) drives the specimen making mold (6) to rise through the bottom template (61) until the bottom of the specimen making mold (6) is above the bearing block (7); Step 309: Remove the mold for making the specimen (6) and cure the solidified permeable concrete block to obtain the tamped permeable concrete specimen.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step five, the specific process is as follows: Step 501: Fill the permeable concrete mixture into the specimen making mold (6); Step 502: Adjust the two horizontal hydraulic rods (55) to retract synchronously, and the U-shaped clamp (56) will disengage from the convex plate (14). Then the hammer (13) and the guide rod (12) will fall freely. The hammer (13) will fall and hammer the permeable concrete mixture of the specimen making mold (6) to complete one hammering. Step 503: Repeat steps 403, 404 and 502 until the set number of hammer blows is reached to complete the construction of one layer of permeable concrete. Step 504: Following the methods of steps 403, 404, 501 and 502, the next layer of permeable concrete is made until the specimen making mold (6) is filled, and the hammered permeable concrete specimen is obtained following the methods of steps 307 to 309.

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