Device and method for testing impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy, the device comprises a test portal, the test portal is mounted on a test base, a test block frame convenient for placing a concrete test block is arranged on the test base, a motor is mounted on a transverse bracket of the test portal, and the motor is connected with the test portal. A motor is arranged on the test portal frame, a pull rope winding box is arranged below the motor, a heavy hammer which is impacted by a concrete test block is arranged below the pull rope winding box, the heavy hammer is controlled by the motor to realize free falling motion and is lifted below the pull rope winding box, and a camera device for recording the impact state of the concrete test block is also arranged on the test portal frame. The initial cracking and final cracking states of the concrete test block can be judged. The test frame can adjust the impact angle and simulate the damage process of the concrete test piece at different impact angles. According to the invention, the concrete block can be kept stable in the impact process, so that the impact force is accurately transmitted and measured, the accuracy of the test result is remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the stable clamping design effectively prevents the concrete block from splashing or popping up during impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering and building material science and technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy. Background Art

[0002] The impact energy concrete impact test apparatus is a specialized device designed to test concrete's ability to resist deformation and damage under impact loads. This apparatus simulates the impact conditions concrete might encounter in real-world projects. By accurately measuring and analyzing key parameters such as deformation, crack propagation, and energy absorption during impact, it scientifically evaluates its impact resistance. This is crucial for ensuring the durability and safety of concrete structures and provides a valuable foundation for engineering design and material development. Existing techniques typically place concrete blocks directly within the test frame to ensure their stability during placement. However, this can cause the concrete to shift or rotate during impact testing, preventing accurate transfer of impact energy to the specimen and significantly affecting the accuracy of test results. Concrete movement can also cause the impact point to deviate from the intended location, resulting in uneven energy distribution and further exacerbating test errors. Furthermore, unsecured concrete specimens can fly or break during impact, posing a significant safety threat to test personnel and equipment. This increases data variability, leading to significant differences in test results between tests, making it difficult to accurately assess concrete impact resistance and reproducible test results. Furthermore, conducting this experiment requires significant human resources and a lengthy experimental cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy, comprising a test gantry, the test gantry being mounted on a test base, a test block frame being provided on the test base for convenient placement of concrete test blocks, the test frame being capable of adjusting the impact angle, and simulating the destruction process of concrete specimens under different impact angles. A motor is mounted on the transverse support of the test gantry, a rope reel is disposed below the motor, a weight for impacting the concrete test block is disposed below the rope reel, the weight being controlled by the motor to achieve free fall motion and to be lifted below the rope reel. A camera device is also mounted on the test gantry for recording the impact state of the concrete test block, thereby enabling determination of the initial and final crack states of the concrete test block.

[0005] A clamping plate for clamping the concrete test block is provided in the test block frame provided on the test base, and an inclination adjusting block for adjusting the inclination angle of the concrete test block is provided on the side wall of the clamping plate.

[0006] The heavy hammer is connected with a draw rope, and the draw rope is electrically reeled in by a motor and is thus arranged in a draw rope reeling box.

[0007] The test base is provided with a clamping motor for driving the clamping plate to clamp the concrete test block. The clamping motor is connected to a bidirectional screw rod, which controls the clamping plate to clamp the concrete test block by engaging with the thread at the bottom of the clamping plate.

[0008] The clamping plates are arranged on both sides of the test block frame. The clamping plates on each side include a driving plate and a positioning plate. A thread engaging with a bidirectional screw rod is arranged below the driving plate. A spring device is also arranged between the driving plate and the positioning plate.

[0009] The lower end of the tilt adjustment block is hinged to the bottom of the positioning plate of the clamping plate. The upper end of the tilt adjustment block is fixed to a slot in the positioning plate via a fastening bolt. The tilt adjustment block rotates along the slot to adjust the tilt angle of the concrete test block placed between the clamping plates. The tilt adjustment block adjusts the inclination of the concrete test block to achieve a hammer impact angle of 45° to 90°.

[0010] A method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy comprises the following specific steps:

[0011] In step 1, the staff places the concrete test block between the two clamping plates, adjusts the angle of the tilt adjustment block to the required angle, and fixes the concrete test block between the two clamping plates through the clamping motor;

[0012] Step 2: Start the camera device and the motor at the same time. The motor controls the rope in the rope reel box to loosen, and the hammer directly hits the concrete test block in a free-fall manner. After the impact is completed, the motor controls the rope in the rope reel box to tighten, raising the hammer to the highest point. This cycle is repeated, and the camera device records the surface condition of the concrete test block in real time.

[0013] Step 3: Continue the impact test of the concrete test block with a heavy hammer. When the camera device records the initial crack of the concrete test block, record the time of the initial crack. Continue to impact the concrete test block until the concrete test block is completely cracked. The camera device records the time and state of the final crack.

[0014] Based on the initial crack time and final crack time recorded by the camera device, the cracking impact energy of concrete under various states is calculated to realize the concrete impact resistance test based on impact energy.

[0015] The calculation formula of cracking impact energy is as follows:

[0016] W=n×m×g×h

[0017] Where W is the cracking impact energy, m is the mass of the hammer, and h is the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen. The mass of the hammer is determined when the test device is designed, and the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen is determined when the test device is completed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. Compared with traditional devices, the present invention uses a clamping plate to limit and fix the concrete test block, which can ensure that the concrete test block remains stable during the impact process and does not move, thereby accurately transmitting and measuring the impact force, significantly improving the accuracy of the test results. At the same time, the stable clamping design effectively prevents the concrete test block from splashing or popping out during impact, providing solid safety protection for test personnel and equipment, and reducing potential safety risks. In addition, the design of the clamping and fixing mechanism greatly facilitates the installation, adjustment and disassembly process of the concrete test block, improving the efficiency and operability of the test. The inclination adjustment block can adjust the inclination angle of the concrete test block according to design requirements, meeting the needs of more concrete test block impact tests in the final state.

[0020] 2. The automatic raising and lowering of the weight is achieved through a motor. Compared with the existing manual operation, it can significantly reduce the labor intensity of the experimenters and reduce the difficulty of experimental operation. At the same time, recording through a camera device can reduce the errors caused by manual timing or observation by the experimenters and improve the accuracy of the test.

[0021] 3. This invention utilizes an angle adjustment mechanism to dynamically control the impact angle of the hammer, accurately simulating the failure process of concrete specimens at different impact angles. This design overcomes the limitations of traditional vertical impact testing and, through a mechanical angle adjustment module, realistically replicates complex stress scenarios such as oblique and variable-angle impacts encountered in actual projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bidirectional screw rod of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the test results of an application example of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the field test process of an application example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy, including a test gantry 1, wherein the test gantry 1 is installed on a test base 2, and a test block frame 3 for conveniently placing concrete test blocks is provided on the test base 2. A motor 4 is installed on the transverse bracket of the test gantry 1, and a rope winding box 5 is provided below the motor 4. A heavy hammer 6 for hitting with a pile of concrete test blocks is provided below the rope winding box 5. The heavy hammer 6 is controlled by the motor 4 to achieve free fall motion and be lifted to the bottom of the rope winding box 5. A camera device 7 for recording the impact state of the concrete test blocks is also installed on the test gantry 1.

[0029] Among them, the weight of the heavy hammer 6 is 7.26 kg.

[0030] The test block frame 3 provided on the test base 2 is provided with a clamping plate 8 for clamping the concrete test block. The side walls of the clamping plate 8 are provided with an inclination adjustment block 9 for adjusting the inclination angle of the concrete test block. The inclination adjustment block 9 adjusts the inclination of the concrete test block so that the impact angle of the hammer 6 is between 45° and 90°.

[0031] The weight 6 is connected to a drawstring 10 , which is electrically reeled in by a motor 4 and is thus disposed in a drawstring reel box 5 .

[0032] The test base 2 is provided with a clamping motor 11 for driving the clamping plate 8 to clamp the concrete test block. The clamping motor 11 is connected to a bidirectional screw rod 12. The bidirectional screw rod 12 engages with the thread at the bottom of the clamping plate 8 to control the clamping plate 8 to clamp the concrete test block.

[0033] The clamping plates 8 are arranged on both sides of the test block frame 3. The clamping plates 8 on each side include a driving plate and a positioning plate. A thread engaging with a bidirectional screw rod 12 is provided below the driving plate. A spring device 14 is also provided between the driving plate and the positioning plate.

[0034] The lower end of the inclination adjustment block 9 is hinged to the bottom of the positioning plate of the clamping plate 8, and the upper end of the inclination adjustment block 9 is fixed in the slide groove 13 opened on the positioning plate by a fastening bolt. The inclination adjustment block 9 rotates along the slide groove to adjust the inclination angle of the concrete test block placed between the clamping plates 8.

[0035] In another embodiment, the present application provides a method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy, comprising the following specific steps:

[0036] Step 1: The staff places the concrete test block between the two clamping plates 8, adjusts the angle of the inclination adjustment block 9 to the required angle, and fixes the concrete test block between the two clamping plates 8 through the clamping motor 11;

[0037] Step 2: Start the camera device 7 and the motor 4 at the same time. The motor 4 controls the rope 10 in the rope reel box 5 to loosen, and the hammer 6 directly hits the concrete test block in a free-fall manner. After the impact is completed, the motor 4 controls the rope 10 in the rope reel box 5 to tighten, and the hammer 6 is raised to the highest point. The cycle is repeated, and the camera device 7 records the surface condition of the concrete test block in real time.

[0038] Step 3: Continue the impact test of the hammer 6 on the concrete test block. When the camera device 7 records the initial crack of the concrete test block, the time of the initial crack is recorded. Continue to impact the concrete test block until the concrete test block is completely cracked. The camera device 7 records the time and state of the final crack.

[0039] Based on the initial crack time and final crack time recorded by the camera device 7, the cracking impact energy of the concrete under various states is calculated to implement the concrete impact resistance test based on the impact energy.

[0040] The calculation formula of cracking impact energy is as follows:

[0041] W=n×m×g×h

[0042] Where W is the cracking impact energy, m is the mass of the hammer, and h is the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen. The mass of the hammer is determined when the test device is designed, and the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen is determined when the test device is completed.

[0043] The clamping plate design can accommodate concrete specimens of varying sizes and diverse impact position requirements, broadening the scope of test applicability and ensuring the impact is precisely applied to the specimen's intended location, reducing test errors and improving the reliability of the results. Furthermore, for specimens requiring multi-point or positional impact testing, the left-right linear motion design evenly distributes the impact energy, enabling a more comprehensive assessment of concrete's impact resistance and providing strong support for material performance research.

[0044] The following are the specific application effects of the device and method of this application:

[0045] Example 1: Ordinary concrete

[0046] Impact resistance of concrete at 28d age

[0047]

[0048] Example 2: Ultra-High Performance Concrete

[0049]

[0050] The impact test results of ultra-high performance concrete are as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0051] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the concrete impact resistance testing device and method based on impact energy of the present application can effectively meet the requirements of the impact performance test, and the test results are more accurate than those of conventional testing devices, and the test time is shorter than that of conventional testing devices.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0053] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy, comprising a test gantry (1), characterized in that: The test gantry (1) is mounted on a test base (2), a test block frame (3) for conveniently placing concrete test blocks is provided on the test base (2), a motor (4) is mounted on a transverse support of the test gantry (1), a rope reel box (5) is provided below the motor (4), a heavy hammer (6) for impacting a pile of concrete test blocks is provided below the rope reel box (5), the heavy hammer (6) is controlled by the motor (4) to achieve free fall motion and be lifted to the bottom of the rope reel box (5), and a camera device (7) for recording the impact state of the concrete test blocks is also installed on the test gantry (1).

2. The concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping plate (8) for clamping the concrete test block is provided in the test block frame (3) provided on the test base (2), and an inclination adjustment block (9) for adjusting the inclination angle of the concrete test block is provided on the side wall of the clamping plate (8). The inclination adjustment block (9) adjusts the inclination of the concrete test block, thereby achieving an impact angle of the heavy hammer (6) of 45° to 90°.

3. The concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight (6) is connected to a drawstring (10), and the drawstring (10) is electrically reeled in by a motor (4) and is thus arranged in a drawstring reel box (5).

4. The concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test base (2) is provided with a clamping motor (11) for driving the clamping plate (8) to clamp the concrete test block. The clamping motor (11) is connected to a bidirectional screw rod (12). The bidirectional screw rod (12) engages with a thread at the bottom of the clamping plate (8) to control the clamping plate (8) to clamp the concrete test block.

5. The concrete impact resistance test device based on impact energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping plates (8) are arranged on both sides of the test block frame (3), and the clamping plates (8) on each side include a driving plate and a positioning plate. A thread engaging with a bidirectional screw rod (12) is arranged below the driving plate, and a spring device (14) is also arranged between the driving plate and the positioning plate.

6. The device for testing the concrete impact resistance based on impact energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the inclination adjustment block (9) is hinged to the bottom of the positioning plate of the clamping plate (8), and the upper end of the inclination adjustment block (9) is fixed in a slide groove (13) provided on the positioning plate by a fastening bolt. The inclination adjustment block (9) rotates along the slide groove to adjust the inclination angle of the concrete test block placed between the clamping plates (8).

7. A method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy, characterized in that: The specific steps include: In step 1, a worker places a concrete test block between two clamping plates (8), adjusts the angle of the tilt adjustment block (9) to a desired angle, and fixes the concrete test block between the two clamping plates (8) via a clamping motor (11); Step 2: Start the camera device (7) and start the motor (4) at the same time. The motor (4) controls the rope (10) in the rope reel box (5) to loosen, and the heavy hammer (6) directly hits the concrete test block in a free-fall manner. After the impact is completed, the motor (4) controls the rope (10) in the rope reel box (5) to tighten, and the heavy hammer (6) is lifted to the highest point. The cycle is repeated, and the camera device (7) records the surface condition of the concrete test block in real time. Step 3: Continue to perform the impact test of the heavy hammer (6) on the concrete test block. When the camera device (7) records the initial cracking of the concrete test block, the time of the initial cracking is recorded. Continue to impact the concrete test block until the concrete test block is completely cracked. The camera device (7) records the time and state of the final cracking. Based on the initial cracking time and final cracking time recorded by the camera device (7), the cracking impact energy of concrete in various states is calculated, thereby realizing a concrete impact resistance test based on the impact energy.

8. The method for testing the impact resistance of concrete based on impact energy according to claim 7, wherein: The calculation formula of cracking impact energy is as follows: W = n × m × g × h (1) Where W is the cracking impact energy, m is the mass of the hammer, and h is the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen. The mass of the hammer is determined when the test device is designed, and the height between the hammer and the concrete specimen is determined when the test device is completed.

Images