Device and method for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of coal gangue pile

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a coal gangue pile. The device comprises a detection part and an instrument host, the detection part comprises a sample injection cavity, an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, a high-temperature-resistant pipe, a control panel shell, a control panel and a pressure sensor; the oxygen content sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged in the sample injection cavity, the sample injection cavity is connected with one side of the high-temperature-resistant pipe, and the other side of the high-temperature-resistant pipe is connected with the control panel shell; the temperature sensor is arranged outside the wall of the high-temperature-resistant pipe; a control panel is fixed in the control panel shell, and the oxygen content sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are all connected with the control panel; the control panel is connected with a data acquisition module of the instrument host. According to the monitoring device, the collected oxygen content, temperature and other data are stored in the chip, when whether early warning is sent out or not is judged, the microcontroller makes an early warning decision by inquiring historical data for comparison and analysis and combining the set oxygen content and temperature early warning threshold values, and the accuracy of predicting the spontaneous combustion risk of the coal gangue pile is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coal gangue pile monitoring device, in particular to a coal gangue pile oxygen content and temperature monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] Gangue is a waste product from the coal mining and washing processes. This black rock, which is lower in carbon and harder than coal, typically accounts for 15% to 20% of mined coal and about one-tenth of total annual coal production. Currently, with the advancement of mechanized fully-mechanized mining and the increased utilization of coal resources, the amount of gangue generated is increasing year by year. To conserve land, gangue is typically piled into mountains. However, long-term stacking and oxidation can cause the internal temperature of the gangue to rise sharply, leading to spontaneous combustion.

[0003] At present, the monitoring of coal gangue piles mainly involves regular or real-time temperature monitoring. A single temperature parameter cannot accurately provide early warning and forecast of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue piles. At the same time, conventional soil oxygen content sensors cannot meet the high-temperature monitoring requirements of coal gangue piles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a device and method for monitoring the oxygen content and temperature of a coal gangue pile, which is used to monitor the internal temperature and oxygen content of the coal gangue pile in real time, and predict the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue pile by real-time analysis of the changes in temperature and oxygen content.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile, comprising: a detection part and an instrument host;

[0007] The detection part includes: a sampling cavity, an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, a high temperature resistant tube, a control panel housing, a control panel, and a pressure sensor;

[0008] The oxygen content sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged in the sampling cavity, the sampling cavity is connected to one side of the high temperature resistant tube, and the other side of the high temperature resistant tube is connected to the control panel housing;

[0009] The temperature sensor is arranged outside the wall of the high temperature resistant pipe;

[0010] A control board is fixed inside the control board housing, and the oxygen content sensor, pressure sensor, and temperature sensor are all connected to the control board;

[0011] The control board is connected to the data acquisition module of the instrument host.

[0012] The injection cavity is connected to one side of the high-temperature resistant tube through a thread, and the other side of the high-temperature resistant tube is connected to the control panel shell through a threaded connection.

[0013] The temperature sensor is arranged outside the wall of the high-temperature resistant pipe through a snap-fit structure.

[0014] The cables of the oxygen content sensor, the pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor are connected to the control board through the first through hole and through the bottom of the control board housing.

[0015] The instrument host includes a host shell, a battery module, and a solar film panel; the battery module is arranged in the upper hollow shell of the host shell, the data acquisition module is fixed in the upper hollow shell of the host shell, and the solar film panel is arranged around and on the top of the upper hollow shell of the host shell.

[0016] The control panel output cable passes through the top of the control panel housing through the second through hole, passes through the lower hollow support tube of the host housing, and the third through hole on the upper hollow shell bottom of the host housing to connect to the data acquisition board.

[0017] The control board includes a first microcontroller, a power control circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current conversion circuit, and a power circuit; the microcontroller is connected to the power control circuit, the voltage acquisition circuit, and the current conversion circuit respectively;

[0018] The first microcontroller controls the power control circuit and simultaneously collects the output voltage signal of the oxygen content sensor and the output signal of the pressure sensor to calculate the oxygen content percentage in the gas;

[0019] Power supply control circuit, providing constant current power supply for the oxygen content sensor;

[0020] The voltage acquisition circuit amplifies the voltage signals of the oxygen content sensor and the pressure sensor;

[0021] The current conversion circuit converts the digital signal output by the microcontroller into a 4-20mA current signal;

[0022] The data acquisition module includes a second microcontroller, a 4G module, a WIFI module, an SPI storage, a power conversion module, a charging control circuit, a thermocouple drive circuit, and a current acquisition circuit; the second microcontroller is respectively connected to the 4G module, the WIFI module, the SPI storage, the thermocouple drive circuit, and the current acquisition circuit; the charging control circuit is connected to the power conversion module.

[0023] A large number of tiny holes are designed on the outer shell of the sampling cavity, and a layer of breathable film is pasted on the inner wall of the sampling cavity to prevent coal slag particles from entering the cavity while ensuring that the sample gas enters the cavity.

[0024] The main body shell includes a lower hollow support tube and an upper hollow shell. The upper hollow shell is installed on the lower hollow support tube. The upper hollow shell is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and is divided into two layers inside. The battery module is placed on the lower layer and the data acquisition module is placed on the upper layer. Solar film panels are installed around and on the top of the upper hollow shell.

[0025] A method for monitoring the oxygen content and temperature of a coal gangue pile. A monitoring device stores collected data such as oxygen content and temperature in a chip. When determining whether to issue an early warning, a microcontroller queries historical data, performs comparative analysis, and makes an early warning decision based on the set oxygen content and temperature early warning thresholds.

[0026] The present invention provides a device and method for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile, and the technical effects are as follows:

[0027] 1) The monitoring device of the present invention integrates a temperature sensor and an oxygen content sensor into one, thereby increasing the monitoring parameters of the gangue pile and improving the accuracy of predicting the risk of spontaneous combustion of the gangue pile.

[0028] 2) The monitoring device of the present invention integrates the solar power supply system and the data collection host into one unit, which simplifies the field installation work and improves the efficiency of on-site equipment installation.

[0029] 3) The monitoring method of the present invention provides a set of data deep learning and intelligent early warning solutions. The monitoring device stores the collected data such as oxygen content and temperature in the chip. When determining whether to issue an early warning, the microcontroller queries historical data, compares and analyzes it, and makes an early warning decision based on the set oxygen content and temperature warning thresholds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of on-site monitoring of the monitoring device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the detection part of the monitoring device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the instrument host of the monitoring device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the data acquisition module of the monitoring device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the control panel structure of the monitoring device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 The graph shows the comparison of the cycle time and oxygen partial pressure characteristics of the pump cycle and Nernst voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] A device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile comprises a detection part 1 and an instrument host 2.

[0038] The detection part 1 includes a sampling chamber 11, an oxygen content sensor 12, a temperature sensor 13, a high temperature resistant tube 14, a control board housing 15, a control board 16, and a pressure sensor 17;

[0039] The sampling cavity 11 is mainly used to ensure the monitoring accuracy and service life of the oxygen content sensor 12. A large number of small holes are designed on the outer shell of the sampling cavity 11, and a layer of breathable film is pasted on the inner wall. This design prevents coal slag particles from entering the cavity while ensuring that the sample gas enters the cavity.

[0040] The oxygen content sensor 12 adopts a high-temperature resistant zirconium oxide sensor, and the sensor lead adopts a four-core high-temperature resistant cable. The maximum internal heating temperature can reach 700°C, and it can work normally when the sample gas temperature is lower than 700°C.

[0041] The temperature sensor 13 is a K-type thermocouple with a maximum temperature of 1200° C. The lead wire is a two-core high-temperature resistant shielded cable.

[0042] The high-temperature-resistant tube 14 is made of 310s heat-resistant stainless steel. Its two ends are designed as screws, one connecting to the injection chamber 11 and the other to the control panel housing 15. The sensor is installed in the drilled hole, and a rigid connection facilitates installation. If the sensor fails, it can be easily removed without breaking the connecting cable.

[0043] The control panel housing 15 is made of stainless steel and is in a cylindrical shape.

[0044] The control board 16 includes a first microcontroller 161, a power control circuit 162, a voltage acquisition circuit 163, a current conversion circuit 164, and a power circuit 165. The control board 16 primarily converts the signal collected by the oxygen sensor 12 into a digital value through the microcontroller 161, which is then converted into a 4-20 mA current signal through the current conversion circuit 164.

[0045] The first microcontroller 161 adopts an enhanced STM32F103RET6, which mainly controls the power control circuit 162 to output a square wave current signal. At the same time, the first microcontroller 161 collects the output voltage signal of the oxygen content sensor 12 and the output signal of the pressure sensor 17, and calculates the oxygen content percentage in the gas through an internal program.

[0046] The power control circuit 162 is mainly used to provide a constant current power supply to the oxygen content sensor 12 so that the pump inside the sensor can operate normally and generate an electrochemical pumping effect.

[0047] The voltage acquisition circuit 163 is mainly used to amplify the Nernst voltage between the output terminals PUMP and COMMON of the oxygen content sensor 12 and the voltage signal of the pressure sensor 17 .

[0048] The current conversion circuit 164 is mainly used to convert the digital signal output by the first microcontroller 161 into a 4-20mA current signal for long-distance transmission.

[0049] The pressure sensor 17 is mainly used to measure the overall pressure of the sample gas and adopts the XTEL-100-190(M) micro reinforced high temperature pressure sensor Kulite.

[0050] The instrument host 2 includes a host housing 21 , a battery module 22 , a data acquisition module 23 , and a solar film panel 24 .

[0051] The main body shell 21 is mainly composed of a lower hollow support tube and an upper hollow shell. The lower hollow support tube and the upper hollow shell are tightened by threaded connection. The lower hollow support tube places the instrument main body 2 at a certain height to prevent vegetation from blocking the power supply of the solar panel and to prevent animals from damaging the instrument main body 2.

[0052] The lower hollow support tube is made of stainless steel cylindrical tubing, typically 1-2 meters in length. The upper hollow shell is a rectangular parallelepiped, divided into two layers. The lower layer houses the battery module 22, which uses a lithium-ion battery. The battery capacity can be selected based on the instrument's power consumption, with a maximum of 12Ah. The upper layer houses the data acquisition module 23. Approximately 2.5W PET thin-film solar panels are installed around and on the top of the upper hollow shell, enabling an effective area of 5W in sufficient sunlight, ensuring energy storage for the equipment. The shell is manufactured using PC, a material with high strength, good elasticity, high impact resistance, and wide temperature resistance. All shell components are produced by injection molding.

[0053] The design of the main body shell 21 fully considers the environmental applicability and field construction conditions. The overall structural design adopts an assembly and fixing method from top to bottom and from inside to outside, which improves the protection level of the shell, reduces the labor input of field installation of the instrument, and reduces the operation difficulty of field installers.

[0054] The data acquisition module 23 comprises a second microcontroller 231, a 4G module 232, a Wi-Fi module 233, an SPI storage device 234, a power conversion module 235, a charging control circuit 236, a thermocouple drive circuit 237, and a current acquisition circuit 238. The data acquisition module 23 primarily collects and processes data from the temperature sensor 13 and the oxygen content sensor 12. With the second microcontroller 231 as its core, the data acquisition module 23 uses the thermocouple drive circuit 237 to collect the temperature value from the temperature sensor 13 and the current acquisition circuit 238 to collect the output signal from the control board 16. The second microcontroller 231 processes the collected data and then transmits it to the cloud platform via the 4G module 232.

[0055] The second microcontroller 231 uses an STMicroelectronics microprocessor, specifically the enhanced STM32F103RET6. Based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core, it achieves 1.25 DMIPS / MHz and features a 72MHz system clock frequency, 512KB of flash program memory, 64KB of SRAM, eight timers, three 12-bit analog-to-digital converters, one digital-to-analog converter, a CAN interface, a seven-channel DMA controller, and SPI, USART, I2C, I2S, and USB interfaces. This controller has a rich set of peripherals and strong anti-interference capabilities.

[0056] The 4G module 232 adopts the high-performance 4G DTU product ATK-IDM750C developed by Zhengdian Atom, which supports China Mobile 4G, China Unicom 4G and China Telecom 4G mobile phone cards. It takes high speed, low latency and wireless data transmission as its core functions, and can quickly solve the wireless data transmission solution in the application scenario. It supports TCP / UDP / HTTP / MQTT / DNS / RNDIS / NTP protocols, supports connection to multiple cloud servers (such as: Atom Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, Baidu Cloud and OneNET), supports TCP / UDP / HTTP / MQTT data transparent transmission, supports USB wireless network cards, supports automatic timed collection tasks, supports base station positioning, supports custom heartbeat packets and registration package data, and supports host computer / AT commands / SMS / transparent transmission command configuration parameters.

[0057] The Wi-Fi module 233 uses the ATK-ESP8266 serial Wi-Fi module from Atomics. This module uses a serial port (LVTTL) to communicate with the MCU and has a built-in TCP / IP protocol stack, enabling conversion between the serial port and Wi-Fi. Its primary function is to allow users to connect to the Wi-Fi module 233 using their mobile phone and configure parameters for the data acquisition module 23.

[0058] The SPI storage 234 uses a serial Flash memory chip W25Q64BV, which has a storage memory of 64M. Its main function is to store configuration parameters. When the system loses power, the parameters are automatically read from the storage.

[0059] The power conversion module 235 uses the switching power supply chip TPS5430 produced by TI to convert the voltage of the battery module 22 into 5.8V, and then converts the 5.2V voltage output by the TPS5430 into the 3.3V voltage required by the STM32 microcontroller and other modules through an LDO regulator; at the same time, in order to control the power supply of each module, a load switch chip TPS22810 is used to power each module under the control of the STM32 microcontroller.

[0060] The charging control circuit 236 utilizes the dedicated solar charge management integrated circuit BQ2465 from Texas Instruments to automatically control and manage the charging of the lithium battery by the thin-film solar panel 24. The BQ24650 is a highly integrated switch-mode battery charge controller suitable for 5-28V solar panels. It provides input voltage regulation, reducing the charge current when the input voltage falls below a programmed level. When the input is powered by a solar panel, the input regulation loop reduces the charge current to maximize the solar panel's power output.

[0061] Thermocouple driver circuit 237 uses the MAX31856 chip, a high-precision temperature measurement chip with ±0.15% measurement accuracy and ±0.7°C cold junction accuracy (-20°C to +85°C). It has a built-in 19-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and features thermocouple nonlinearity correction, input protection, cold junction compensation sensing and correction, and more.

[0062] The current acquisition circuit 238 uses a 100Ω sampling resistor to convert the 4-20mA current signal into a voltage signal, and then outputs it to the AD sampling port of the STM32 microcontroller 231 through a voltage follower.

[0063] The entire system is powered by a lithium battery 22 , and the data acquisition module 23 is designed with a solar battery intelligent charging control circuit, and can be equipped with a solar film panel 24 to achieve long-term operation.

[0064] 1: Temperature monitoring method, as follows:

[0065] Temperature sensor 13 uses a K-type thermocouple sensor. The working principle of the thermocouple sensor is based on the Seebeck effect, which is a phenomenon in which an electromotive force is generated in the circuit when two conductors of different materials are connected together and there is a temperature difference at the connection point. Specifically, a thermocouple consists of two conductors of different materials (called thermocouples), one end of which is welded to form a working end (also called a measuring end), and the other end is connected to a thermocouple acquisition circuit to measure the thermoelectric electromotive force generated by the thermocouple. By measuring this electromotive force, the temperature of the medium being measured can be determined.

[0066] 2: Oxygen content monitoring method, as follows:

[0067] The oxygen content sensor 12 is a zirconium oxide (ZrO2) sensor, which measures the oxygen partial pressure in the gas rather than the oxygen concentration %.

[0068] The total pressure of an ideal gas mixture (P total ) is equal to the partial pressure of each gas in the mixed gas (P i ) and:

[0069]

[0070] From equation (1), we can get

[0071] The number of particles of a single gas component (n i ) to the total number of particles in the mixed gas (n total ) is equal to the partial pressure of a single gas (P i ) and the total pressure of the mixed gas (P total ) ratio.

[0072]

[0073] At high temperatures (>650°C), stable zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) exhibits two physical mechanisms:

[0074] 1) ZrO2 partially dissociates to produce mobile oxygen ions, thus forming a solid electrolyte of oxygen. The zirconium oxide disk is covered with a permeable electrode connected to a constant DC current, allowing oxygen ions in the environment to pass through the material, thereby releasing a certain amount of oxygen at the anode that is proportional to the delivered charge (electrochemical pumping);

[0075] 2) ZrO2 behaves like an electrolyte. If two different oxygen pressures exist across the zirconium oxide, a voltage (Nernst voltage) is generated across the zirconium oxide.

[0076] 3: Zirconia (ZrO2) sensor has 5 connections:

[0077] Two heaters are connected: The heaters require a specific voltage to ensure the sensing element maintains the correct operating temperature.

[0078] The three sensing elements are connected: To generate the electrochemical pumping action, a reversible constant DC current source is passed between PUMP and COMMON. The resulting Nernst voltage is also measured between them.

[0079] As mentioned above, the constant current source reverses when the amplitude of the sensed signal reaches a predetermined reference level (V1 and V5). The duration of a complete pump cycle, i.e., the time to evacuate and refill the chamber, depends on the oxygen partial pressure in the gas to be measured. This time is equivalent to the cycle time of the Nernst voltage (tp). The higher the ambient oxygen pressure, the longer it takes for the oxygen pump to reach the same pressure level at a constant pump current. Therefore, the cycle time of the pump cycle and the Nernst voltage is linearly proportional to the oxygen partial pressure. Figure 6 shown.

[0080] The Nernst voltage is affected by temperature. However, under certain operating conditions, it can significantly weaken the combined temperature characteristics of the Nernst law and the gas laws governing oxygen. Similarly, since most temperature characteristics appear near the pump reversal point, the Nernst voltage is measured at V2, V3, and V4, where the temperature coefficient (TC) is effectively zero.

[0081] When operating in TC=0 mode, the system measures the time required for the voltage to reach V2, V3, and V4, which are marked in the figure above: t1, t2, t4, and t5. Therefore, the corrected cycle time (td) is calculated as follows:

[0082] td=(t2-t1)+(t5-t4)(3);

[0083] The sensitivity or slope is equal to the cycle time (td or tp) (in milliseconds) divided by the oxygen partial pressure (P O2 ) (units are millibars).

[0084] When using td for calculation (only one calibration point), the sensitivity is:

[0085]

[0086] When calculated using td, a nominal sensor sensitivity or slope is typically 1.05ms / mbar.

[0087] Combining formula (2) and formula (4), the oxygen content percentage O2% can be calculated.

[0088]

[0089] Among them, td is calculated by the first microcontroller 161 in the control board 16, the sensitivity is obtained by calibration in standard gas, and the total gas pressure P total The pressure is collected by the pressure sensor 17.

[0090] 4: Spontaneous combustion warning method: This monitoring method provides a set of data deep learning and intelligent warning solutions. The monitoring device stores the collected oxygen content, temperature and other data in the chip. When determining whether to issue a warning, the microcontroller queries historical data, compares and analyzes it, and makes a warning decision based on the set oxygen content and temperature warning thresholds.

[0091] Threshold Setting: Set oxygen and temperature safety thresholds to prevent spontaneous combustion in gangue piles. Setting safety thresholds requires simulation software to approximate the oxygen and temperature values that would occur if the gangue pile spontaneously combusted. Safety thresholds also need to be adjusted based on actual monitoring of oxygen and temperature values when spontaneous combustion occurs.

[0092] Real-time monitoring: The oxygen content and temperature data are collected in real time through monitoring equipment, stored and analyzed, and the changing trends of the monitoring data are discovered in a timely manner.

[0093] Early warning signal: When the oxygen content and temperature data meet the set safety thresholds at the same time, the microcontroller will query historical data, compare and analyze, and determine that it is normal data. The system will automatically issue an early warning signal to remind relevant personnel to take measures.

[0094] The present invention provides a device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature in a gangue pile. During on-site installation, a hole must be drilled in the gangue pile using a backpack drill. The drilling depth is generally 1-3 meters. The length of the high-temperature tube is selected based on the hole depth. After assembling the detection unit 1, it is placed in the drilled hole, ensuring that the control panel housing 15 is above the ground surface. After installing the detection unit 1, the ground is backfilled with the original gangue. The cable of the detection unit 1 is passed through the lower hollow support tube of the main body housing 21 and connected to the assembled upper hollow housing. Finally, the ends of the lower hollow support tube are secured. System testing is then performed.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile, characterized in that: The device comprises: a detection part (1), an instrument host (2), The detection part (1) comprises: a sampling cavity (11), an oxygen content sensor (12), a temperature sensor (13), a high temperature resistant tube (14), a control panel housing (15), a control panel (16), and a pressure sensor (17); The oxygen content sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (17) are arranged in the sampling cavity (11), the sampling cavity (11) is connected to one side of the high temperature resistant tube (14), and the other side of the high temperature resistant tube (14) is connected to the control panel housing (15); The temperature sensor (13) is arranged outside the wall of the high-temperature resistant tube (14); A control board (16) is fixed inside the control board housing (15), and the oxygen content sensor (12), the pressure sensor (17), and the temperature sensor (13) are all connected to the control board (16); The control board (16) is connected to the data acquisition module (23) of the instrument host (2).

2. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection cavity (11) is connected to one side of the high-temperature resistant tube (14) through a thread, and the other side of the high-temperature resistant tube (14) is connected to the control panel housing (15) through a threaded connection.

3. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (13) is arranged outside the wall of the high-temperature resistant pipe (14) through a snap-fit structure.

4. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cables of the oxygen content sensor (12), the pressure sensor (17), and the temperature sensor (13) pass through the bottom of the control board housing (15) through the first through hole and are connected to the control board (16).

5. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instrument host (2) comprises a host housing (21), a battery module (22), and a solar film panel (24); the battery module (22) is arranged in the upper hollow housing of the host housing (21), the data acquisition module (23) is fixed in the upper hollow housing of the host housing (21), and the solar film panel (24) is arranged around and on the top of the upper hollow housing of the host housing (21).

6. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output cable of the control board (16) passes through the top of the control board housing (15) through the second through hole, passes through the lower hollow support tube of the host housing (21), and the third through hole on the bottom surface of the upper hollow housing of the host housing (21) to be connected to the data acquisition board (23).

7. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control board (16) includes a first microcontroller (161), a power control circuit (162), a voltage acquisition circuit (163), a current conversion circuit (164), and a power circuit (165); the microcontroller (161) is connected to the power control circuit (162), the voltage acquisition circuit (163), and the current conversion circuit (164) respectively; The first microcontroller (161) controls the power control circuit (162) and simultaneously collects the output voltage signal of the oxygen content sensor (12) and the output signal of the pressure sensor (17) to calculate the percentage of oxygen content in the gas; A power control circuit (162) provides a constant current power supply to the oxygen content sensor (12); A voltage acquisition circuit (163) amplifies the voltage signals of the oxygen content sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (17); The current conversion circuit (164) converts the digital signal output by the microcontroller (161) into a 4-20mA current signal.

8. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (23) comprises a second microcontroller (231), a 4G module (232), a WIFI module (233), an SPI storage (234), a power conversion module (235), a charging control circuit (236), a thermocouple drive circuit (237), and a current acquisition circuit (238); the second microcontroller (231) is respectively connected to the 4G module (232), the WIFI module (233), the SPI storage (234), the thermocouple drive circuit (237), and the current acquisition circuit (238); and the charging control circuit (236) is connected to the power conversion module (235).

9. The device for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a gangue pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The host housing (21) comprises a lower hollow support tube and an upper hollow housing, wherein the upper hollow housing is mounted on the lower hollow support tube. The upper hollow housing is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and is internally divided into two layers, wherein the lower layer houses a battery module (22) and the upper layer houses a data acquisition module (23); and solar film panels (24) are mounted around and on the top of the upper hollow housing.

10. A method for monitoring oxygen content and temperature of a coal gangue pile using the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The collected data such as oxygen content and temperature are stored in the chip. When determining whether to issue an early warning, the microcontroller makes an early warning decision by querying historical data, comparing and analyzing it, and combining it with the set oxygen content and temperature early warning thresholds.

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