System and method for actively sensing dynamic flow direction of water flow in closed space

Abstract

The invention discloses a closed space water flow dynamic flow direction active sensing system which comprises an active sensing unit and a mounting base mounted on the inner wall of a closed space, the mounting base is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove which are perpendicular to the preset fluid direction and are provided with openings facing the interior of a pipeline, a magnetic steel sheet is inserted into the first mounting groove, and the magnetic steel sheet is inserted into the second mounting groove. A supporting plate is inserted into the second mounting groove, the active sensing unit comprises a magnetic induction sensor mounted on the supporting plate and a real-time monitoring module located outside the closed space, and data transmission is conducted between the magnetic induction sensor and the real-time monitoring module through a watertight cable; and the mounting base is provided with a penetrating opening between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, and the penetrating opening is used for a watertight cable to pass through. The invention further provides an active sensing method for the dynamic flow direction of the water flow in the closed space. The system provided by the invention can provide data support for water area safety management and related operation and maintenance work of the closed space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of active sensing and monitoring of water flow direction, and specifically relates to a system and method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the deepening development of underground space, the safe operation and maintenance of confined spaces, such as water supply and drainage networks and underground water storage facilities, face severe challenges. Underground confined spaces are often exposed to risks such as water seepage, gushing, leakage, and backflow. Dynamic changes in water flow direction can cause structural damage, equipment corrosion, and even safety accidents. For example, water flow in the water supply network can reverse due to abnormalities such as check valves, causing domestic water to flow back into the drinking water system, leading to serious secondary water pollution. Failure to accurately and timely determine the direction of local water flow in drainage networks often leads to river water backflow, disconnected pipe sections, misconnected pipes, and sewage intrusion, severely hindering the inspection and remediation of the network. Water inrush accidents in mine tunnels often result in delayed containment measures due to a failure to detect water flow direction in advance, leading to major safety incidents. The lack of seepage direction detection in underground water storage facilities can lead to long-term structural erosion and the risk of collapse. In summary, accurately determining the direction of water flow in complex confined spaces is crucial for ensuring the safety of confined spaces, the stable operation of facilities, and the health and safety of personnel and property.

[0003] Currently, there is a lack of accurate and efficient active sensing systems and methods for real-time monitoring of the dynamic flow direction of water in complex, confined spaces. Traditional water flow detection methods have many limitations. First, flow direction identification is difficult: existing sensors (such as water level gauges and humidity sensors) can only detect the presence of water flow or changes in water level, but cannot determine the direction of water flow, making it difficult to locate the source of leakage and affecting the efficiency of emergency response. Second, detection hysteresis: traditional methods rely on manual and instrumental passive detection, which is often not discovered until after backflow or water inrush has occurred. This is inefficient and costly, making it difficult to achieve active sensing of water flow direction in underground confined spaces. Third, anti-interference ability is weak: in complex underground confined spaces, water flow may be affected by multiple factors such as spatial structure and geological conditions, resulting in complex and variable flow states. There may even be problems such as electromagnetic interference, chemical corrosion, and vibration noise, which make conventional sensors prone to failure or false alarms. Therefore, existing detection technologies cannot provide timely and accurate complete and effective water flow direction information for relevant emergency decision-making, thus hindering rapid response and precise handling of emergencies such as water supply backflow contamination, drainage system failures, and water inrush.

[0004] Patent document CN118643301A discloses a method and system for urban governance data fusion analysis, including: establishing a three-dimensional urban ground model based on urban terrain; obtaining a city sewer map and calculating the maximum flow by region; setting edge monitoring nodes in each area to monitor the road water level, obtain monitored water level data, and judge abnormal conditions of the water level data in combination with weather forecast data; predicting water level change curves at edge monitoring nodes based on monitored water level data and rainfall; simulating the flow direction of urban flooding water based on the water level change curves of multiple monitoring nodes and the three-dimensional ground model; and pushing evacuation routes to residents in affected areas based on the flow direction of urban flooding water combined with urban road network and population density information.

[0005] Patent document CN119113628A discloses a sewage purification and reuse treatment system based on a sewage pipe network, which uses a filter element installed in a filter cartridge to perform preliminary interception of suspended organic impurities in sewage, and the filter cartridge is installed in combination in the filter material mechanism. When the filter element filters the load, the pressure is actively relieved by the movement of the compression sleeve and the slag discharge hole, and the pipeline water flow monitoring is completed under the subsequent operation of the electronic control box. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water in a confined space. The system can actively, in real time and accurately sense the direction of water flow in a limited underwater space, providing data support for water safety management and related operation and maintenance operations in the confined space.

[0007] In order to achieve the first purpose of the present invention, the following technical solution is provided: an active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space, comprising an active sensing unit and a mounting base installed on the inner wall of the confined space, the mounting base being provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove which are perpendicular to the preset fluid direction and open toward the inside of the pipeline, the first mounting groove being connected with a magnetic steel sheet, the second mounting groove being connected with a support plate, the active sensing unit comprising a magnetic induction sensor installed on the support plate and a real-time monitoring module located outside the confined space, the magnetic induction sensor and the real-time monitoring module transmitting data via a watertight cable, and the mounting base being provided with a through opening for the watertight cable to pass through between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.

[0008] The present invention uses a magnetic induction sensor to convert the deformation variable caused by the fluid impacting the magnetic steel sheet into an electrical signal, and analyzes the deformation variable within a certain period of time based on the electrical signal to determine the corresponding fluid direction.

[0009] Specifically, the mounting base further includes a protective cover, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the circumference of the protective cover, which has the function of preventing biological attachment and avoiding performance degradation caused by long-term biological accumulation.

[0010] Specifically, the protective cover is made of brass.

[0011] Specifically, the first mounting groove is provided with a first mounting hole along a preset fluid direction, and the first mounting hole is equipped with a first tightening bolt for tightening the magnetic steel sheet along the preset fluid direction, thereby being able to autonomously adjust the insertion depth of the magnetic steel sheet.

[0012] Specifically, the second mounting groove is provided with a second mounting hole along a preset fluid direction, and the second mounting hole is matched with a second tightening bolt for tightening the support plate along the preset fluid direction.

[0013] Specifically, the ratio of the total length of the magnetic steel sheet to the length inserted into the first installation slot is 4:1.

[0014] Specifically, the ratio of the width of the magnetic steel sheet to the width of the support plate is greater than or equal to 3:1.

[0015] Specifically, the parallel distance between the sensing surface of the magnetic induction sensor and the magnetic steel sheet is 5 mm.

[0016] Specifically, the real-time monitoring module includes a microcontroller, a data acquisition component, a communication component, a power supply and a memory.

[0017] In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the following technical solution is provided: a method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space, which is implemented by the above-mentioned active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Using standard magnets and combining magnetic steel sheets and current fluid data, the system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in confined spaces is calibrated and initialized.

[0019] After calibration and initialization, the sensing distance change data between the sensing surface of the magnetic induction sensor and the magnetic steel sheet is collected, and the collected distance change data is sent to the real-time monitoring module;

[0020] The collected sensing distance change data is analyzed within a preset time interval to determine the direction of water flow.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] A real-time active perception system and method for the dynamic flow direction of water is proposed for complex confined water environments. The system and method are simple to operate, convenient and fast, low cost, high efficiency, accurate and reliable detection, and effectively avoid the inefficiency and high cost of manual and instrument detection. It provides an innovative idea for dynamic flow direction detection in complex confined underwater environments.

[0023] A magnetic induction sensor is used to convert the deformation variable caused by the fluid impacting the magnetic steel sheet into an electrical signal, and based on the electrical signal, the deformation variable within a certain period of time is analyzed to determine the corresponding fluid direction. Active sensing and real-time detection are integrated into one, which has good portability and versatility, high universality, a wide range of installation positions, and no additional structure, avoiding tedious matching modifications, which is conducive to the miniaturization and intelligent upgrading of underwater system equipment.

[0024] The device structure fully considers the long-term underwater service environment. The overall material is stainless steel to increase corrosion resistance. The brass material and 1.6-level smooth metal roughness can effectively prevent biological attachment. It has strong environmental adaptability and can withstand a maximum hydrostatic pressure load of 60MPa underwater. The application range can basically cover all underwater confined spaces, ensuring the long-term reliability and stability of the system in high-pressure, humid and highly corrosive environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water in a confined space provided by this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is an external schematic diagram of a system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water in a confined space provided by this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space provided in this embodiment;

[0028] In the figure, 1. Mounting base; 2. Magnetic steel sheet; 3. Magnetic induction sensor; 4. Support plate; 5. Watertight cable; 6. Sealing ring groove; 7. Real-time monitoring module; 8. Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space provided in this embodiment includes a mounting base 1, a protective cover 8, a magnetic steel sheet 2, and an active sensing unit, wherein the active sensing unit includes a real-time monitoring module 7 and a magnetic induction sensor 3. The mounting base 1 is an integrally formed stainless steel structure that can be fully submerged underwater, is corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant, and can withstand a maximum hydrostatic pressure of 60 MPa.

[0031] Two rectangular grooves of different sizes with the same depth of 15mm, lengths of 30mm and 10mm respectively, and widths of 1mm and 3mm respectively are vertically opened on the upper end surface of the mounting base 1. A through hole with a diameter of 6mm is provided in the middle of the mounting base 1. The inside of the through hole is roughened, and an O-ring groove is provided on the inner plane of the bottom for axial mounting and sealing of the mounting base 1. Four M3 internal threaded holes are opened on the side of the mounting base 1 perpendicular to the length of the rectangular groove, and the threads penetrate the rectangular groove.

[0032] The protective cover 8 is a hollow cylindrical structure with water-permeable holes evenly distributed around the circumference of the cover to ensure the normal passage of fluid. The water-permeable hole diameter is 8 mm. The whole is made of brass and has the function of preventing biological attachment to avoid performance degradation caused by long-term biological accumulation. An internal thread is provided at the bottom and the whole is installed on the outside of the mounting base 1. The protective cover 8 is connected to the mounting base 1 through internal and external threads.

[0033] The magnetic induction sensor 3 is as a whole as the inner side of the protective cover 8 and is installed on the upper end surface of the mounting base 1. It consists of a magnetic steel sheet 2, a magnetic induction sensor 3 and a support plate 4. The magnetic steel sheet 2 is an ultra-thin, highly elastic flexible metal sheet with a magnetic pole, which is 60 mm long, 30 mm wide and 0.05 mm thick. It will produce directional deformation under the action of water flow and has an automatic reset function. The upper end surface of the vertical mounting base 1 is embedded in a 1 mm wide rectangular square groove and is fastened and positioned by a set screw through two M3 threaded holes on the side of the mounting base 1. The support plate 4 is a long strip structure with a length of 60 mm, a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 10 mm. An M3 internal thread is opened perpendicular to the width plane. The upper end face of the vertical mounting base 1 is embedded in a 3mm wide rectangular groove and is fastened and positioned with set screws through the other two M3 threaded holes on the side of the mounting base 1. The magnetic induction sensor 3 is integrally mounted on the support plate 4 and fixed by bolts. The magnetic sensing surface of the magnetic induction sensor 3 is parallel to the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic steel sheet 2 and the fixed spacing is 5mm. The water flow direction in the enclosed space is determined autonomously in real time by the change in the sensing spacing caused by the change in the water flow direction, forming a non-contact measurement structure. The sensor watertight cable 5 is led out through the through hole in the middle of the mounting base 1 and connected to the external real-time monitoring module 7, and the through hole is watertight and pressure-resistant treated by potting glue.

[0034] The real-time monitoring module 7 is independently located on the outside of the mounting base 1. It integrates sensing, monitoring, communication, data processing, and feedback display. It has built-in hardware such as a microcontroller, a data acquisition unit, a communication unit, a power supply, and a memory. The outside is provided with a non-metallic nylon watertight shell with a protection level of IP68. It is connected to the magnetic induction sensor 3 through a watertight cable 5 to realize real-time transmission of active sensing signals and use its own data processing and analysis system to accurately judge and feedback the real-time dynamic water flow direction of the underwater confined space. Its adaptive filtering algorithm can effectively filter out interference signals in complex environments. The dynamic response frequency can reach 1500Hz and the response time is ≤0.1ms.

[0035] To sum up, the device structure of the active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space provided in this embodiment can be completely immersed in the underwater load hydrostatic pressure environment. With the help of its own active sensing and autonomous detection functions, it can realize real-time flow direction detection for a long period underwater, and has the characteristics of independent self-containedness, high efficiency, and low cost.

[0036] This embodiment further provides a method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space, which is implemented by the active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space provided by the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) System integration and calibration: Complete the installation and positioning of the base 1, protective cover 8, magnetic steel sheet 2, support plate 4, and magnetic induction sensor 3, and calibrate the sensing distance of the magnetic induction sensor 3 using a standard magnet and magnetic steel sheet 2. Install the system integration module at the preset underwater space monitoring point, connect the active sensing and real-time monitoring modules 7 via a watertight cable 5, and start and initialize the system;

[0038] (2) Water flow direction detection: The active sensing device detects the change in the sensing distance between the magnetic induction sensor 3 and the magnetic steel sheet 2 in real time in the underwater environment, indirectly determines the change in the water flow direction, and outputs the detection signal data;

[0039] (3) Data analysis and feedback: The real-time monitoring module 7 processes and analyzes the detection signal data output by the active sensing device, determines the direction of water flow by converting the magnetic induction signal into a voltage signal, and feeds back to the background management system to make timely response decisions.

[0040] In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", and "back" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Such modifications, changes, or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water in a confined space, characterized by: It includes an active sensing unit and a mounting base installed on the inner wall of the confined space, the mounting base is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove which are perpendicular to the preset fluid direction and open toward the inside of the pipeline, the first mounting groove is plugged with a magnetic steel sheet, and the second mounting groove is plugged with a support plate, the active sensing unit includes a magnetic induction sensor installed on the support plate and a real-time monitoring module located outside the confined space, the magnetic induction sensor and the real-time monitoring module transmit data through a watertight cable, and the mounting base is located between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove and is provided with a through opening for the watertight cable to pass through.

2. The active sensing system for dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mounting base further comprises a protective cover, and a peripheral surface of the protective cover is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes.

3. The active sensing system for dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover is made of brass.

4. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mounting groove is provided with a first mounting hole along a preset fluid direction, and the first mounting hole is matched with a first tightening bolt used to tighten the magnetic steel sheet along the preset fluid direction.

5. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mounting groove is provided with a second mounting hole along a preset fluid direction, and the first mounting hole is matched with a second tightening bolt for tightening the support plate along the preset fluid direction.

6. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the total length of the magnetic steel sheet to the length inserted into the first installation slot is 4:

1.

7. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the width of the magnetic steel sheet to the width of the support plate is greater than or equal to 3:

1.

8. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel distance between the sensing surface of the magnetic induction sensor and the magnetic steel sheet is 5 mm.

9. The system for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring module includes a microcontroller, a data acquisition component, a communication component, a power supply and a memory.

10. A method for actively sensing the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space, characterized in that: The method is realized by the active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water flow in a confined space according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Using standard magnets and combining magnetic steel sheets and current fluid data, the active sensing system for the dynamic flow direction of water in confined spaces is calibrated and initialized. After calibration and initialization, the sensing distance change data between the sensing surface of the magnetic induction sensor and the magnetic steel sheet is collected, and the collected distance change data is sent to the real-time monitoring module; The collected sensing distance change data is analyzed within a preset time interval to determine the direction of water flow.

Images