Optical axis calibration and polarization switching integrated device for light penetration detection and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical penetration detection and an operation method, the optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical penetration detection comprises a circumferential rotation assembly, a rotation optical path support, an imaging optical path assembly, a signal light optical path assembly, a fine tracking execution mechanism and a wavelength beam splitter, the rotation optical path support is connected with the circumferential rotation assembly, and the rotation optical path support is a cross. A 1 / 4 wave plate, a polarized light backtracking assembly, a 1 / 4 wave plate and an imaging diaphragm are respectively arranged on the cross; the imaging light path assembly comprises an optical beam expanding mechanism, a coarse tracking mechanism and a space reference imaging device, after the coarse tracking mechanism points to a space target, space target information light can be compressed through the optical beam expanding mechanism, sequentially passes through an imaging diaphragm, a fine tracking execution mechanism and a wavelength beam splitter and then enters the space reference imaging device; the signal light path assembly can carry out optical axis calibration on the signal light. According to the technical scheme, the communication and remote control integrated capability of space target imaging can be achieved, and meanwhile switching of the optical axis standard effect and the polarized light of the receiving and transmitting channel can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical communication and imaging technology, and in particular to an integrated device for optical axis calibration and polarization switching for optical communication probes and an operating method. Background Art

[0002] After years of exploration, space laser communications have achieved breakthroughs and have become an effective means of overcoming microwave communication bottlenecks, building space-based broadband networks, and enabling real-time transmission of massive amounts of Earth observation data. Laser communication terminals, with their small size, light weight, and low power consumption, are ideally suited as satellite payloads, meeting the growing communications needs of space activities. Space laser communication technology has developed rapidly internationally in recent years, with major research institutions including NASA JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and California Institute of Technology in the United States; ESA (European Space Agency), the German Space Center, and the French Ministry of Defense Acquisition Agency in Europe; and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) and NICT (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology) in Japan.

[0003] Starlink V1.5 satellites have begun using laser communication terminals to transmit data, marking the development of laser communication technology towards large-scale networking applications. The National Star Network Project has also begun deploying space laser communication technology between satellites, and domestic research institutes and commercial companies are already developing laser communication technology.

[0004] Laser communication technologies are generally developed in two categories: coherent optical communication and incoherent optical communication, and beacon tracking and beacon-free tracking. All of these involve issues related to on-orbit calibration and polarization switching in laser communication.

[0005] Currently, polarization control generally relies on the circumferential rotation of the quarter-wave plate itself, as demonstrated in patent CN201610976525.8. This approach is incompatible with multiple polarization states and does not address the method for altering the optical axis of the two quarter-wave plates. Some patents involve optical axis calibration of the corner reflectors outside the laser terminal, which can lead to aperture asymmetry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the defects in the existing technology, the present invention provides an integrated device and operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization switching for optical communication. This technical solution can achieve the integrated communication and remote sensing capabilities of space target imaging, and at the same time can switch the optical axis calibration and polarization light of the transmitting and receiving channels.

[0007] The optical axis calibration and polarization integration device used for optical communication detection includes a circular rotation component, a rotating optical path bracket, an imaging optical path component, a signal light optical path component, a precision tracking actuator and a wavelength spectrometer.

[0008] The rotating optical path bracket is connected to the circumferential rotation component. The rotating optical path bracket is a cross. A quarter wave plate, a polarized light retrieval component, a quarter wave plate, and an imaging aperture are respectively provided on the left, rear, right, and front parts of the cross. The circumferential rotation component can drive the rotating optical path bracket to perform circular motion, and the quarter wave plate, the polarized light retrieval component, the quarter wave plate, and the imaging aperture can enter the main optical path in sequence.

[0009] The imaging optical path assembly includes an optical beam expander, a coarse tracking mechanism, and a spatial reference imaging device. After the coarse tracking mechanism points to the space target, the space target information light can be compressed by the optical beam expander and then pass through the imaging aperture, the fine tracking actuator, and the wavelength splitter in sequence before entering the spatial reference imaging device.

[0010] The signal light optical path component can perform optical axis calibration on the signal light.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a beacon light path component,

[0012] The beacon light path component includes a beacon transmitting branch, a beacon advance aiming actuator, a beacon light polarization splitter, a wavelength splitter prism and a beacon receiving and capturing branch. The beacon light emitted by the beacon transmitting branch can be reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator into the beacon light polarization splitter, then transmitted into the wavelength splitter prism, and then sequentially enters the wavelength splitter, the fine tracking actuator and the polarization light tracing component, and then reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch after tracing back.

[0013] The signal light optical path component includes a signal transmitting branch, a signal advance aiming actuator, a signal light polarization splitter, a power splitter, a signal receiving and tracking branch, and a receiving communication branch. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch can enter the signal light polarization splitter, the wavelength splitter, the fine tracking actuator, and the polarization light tracing component in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter, one part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch, and the other part reaches the receiving communication branch.

[0014] Preferably, the power ratio of the power splitter is 1:9, wherein the signal receiving tracking branch accounts for a smaller proportion than the receiving communication branch.

[0015] Preferably, the signal light optical path component includes a signal transmitting branch, a signal advance aiming actuator, a signal light polarization splitter, a power splitter, a power splitter 1, a signal receiving and tracking branch, a receiving communication branch and a signal capture branch. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch can enter the signal light polarization splitter, the wavelength splitter, the fine tracking actuator and the polarization light tracing component in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter, one part reaches the receiving communication branch, and the other part enters the power splitter 1 and is further divided into two paths, one path reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch, and the other reaches the signal capture branch.

[0016] Preferably, the power ratio of the power splitter is 2:8, the proportion of the receiving communication branch is greater than that of the power splitter 1, and the power ratio of the power splitter 1 is 5:5.

[0017] Preferably, the signal light optical path component includes a signal transmitting branch, a signal advance aiming actuator, a signal light polarization splitter, a power splitter, a receiving communication branch, a nutation tracking actuator and a signal capture branch. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch can enter the signal light polarization splitter, the wavelength splitter, the fine tracking actuator and the polarization light tracing component in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter. One part reaches the receiving communication branch after passing through the nutation tracking actuator, and the other part reaches the signal capture branch.

[0018] Preferably, the power ratio of the power splitter is 1:9, and the proportion of the receiving communication branch is greater than that of the signal capture branch.

[0019] The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated operation method for optical communication detection includes the following steps:

[0020] A. Start the circular rotating assembly to allow the polarized light tracing assembly to enter the main optical path. The beacon light emitted by the beacon transmitting branch is reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator and enters the beacon light polarization splitter. It then transmits into the wavelength splitter prism and then sequentially enters the wavelength splitter, the fine tracking actuator and the polarized light tracing assembly. After tracing back, it reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch. The traced light is vertically polarized light. Adjust the beacon advance aiming actuator to calibrate the coaxiality of the beacon light receiving and transmitting axis.

[0021] B. The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator and then enters the signal light polarization splitter, wavelength splitter, fine tracking actuator and polarization light tracing component in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power splitter and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch, and the other part reaches the receiving communication branch. The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0022] C. Start the circular rotation assembly again, causing the imaging aperture to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander and then passes through the imaging aperture, fine tracking actuator, wavelength splitter, and wavelength splitter prism in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device. The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot. The absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism.

[0023] D. Keep the fine tracking actuator in the open state, adjust the beacon advance aiming actuator so that the beacon receiving and capturing branch detects the light intensity. At this time, the light position of the beacon receiving and capturing branch is used as the beacon light position coordinate zero point; adjust the signal advance aiming actuator so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch reaches the maximum. The light position of the signal receiving and tracking branch is used as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point;

[0024] E. Start the circular rotation component again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of beacon light and signal light.

[0025] The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated operation method for optical communication detection includes the following steps:

[0026] A. Start the circular rotating assembly, so that the polarized light tracing assembly enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator and then enters the signal light polarization splitter, wavelength splitter, fine tracking actuator and polarized light tracing assembly in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power splitter and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the receiving communication branch, and the other part enters the power splitter and is further split into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch, and the other reaches the signal capture branch. The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0027] B. Start the circular rotating assembly again, causing the imaging aperture to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander and then passes through the imaging aperture, the fine tracking actuator, and the wavelength splitter in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device. The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot. The absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism.

[0028] C. Keep the fine tracking actuator in the open state, adjust the signal advance aiming actuator to maximize the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch, and use the light position of the signal capture branch as the zero point of the signal light tracking position coordinate;

[0029] D. Start the circular rotation component again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of signal light.

[0030] The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated operation method for optical communication detection includes the following steps:

[0031] A. Start the circular rotation component, so that the polarized light tracing component enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator and then enters the signal light polarization splitter, wavelength splitter, fine tracking actuator and polarization light tracing component in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power splitter and is divided into two parts. One part passes through the nutation tracking actuator and reaches the receiving communication branch, and the other part reaches the signal capture branch. The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0032] B. Start the circular rotating assembly again, causing the imaging aperture to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander and then passes through the imaging aperture, the fine tracking actuator, and the wavelength splitter in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device. The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot. The absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism.

[0033] C. Keep the fine tracking actuator in the open state, adjust the signal advance aiming actuator so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch reaches the maximum, and use the light position of the signal capture branch as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point. Adjust the nutation tracking actuator so that the communication light energy reaches the maximum point, and record the nutation tracking actuator as the execution reference zero point;

[0034] D. Start the circular rotation component again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of signal light.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0036] In this technical solution, by switching different optical elements for the main optical path, the light beam can be completely traced back, so that the coaxiality of the transmitting and receiving channels can be calibrated, and there is no emission light and redundant optical path design.

[0037] In this technical solution, by setting up an imaging optical path component, cooperating with a circular rotation component and an imaging aperture on a rotating optical path bracket, space target imaging and coordinate calibration are realized, thereby achieving telemetry integration of optical equipment.

[0038] In this technical solution, two 1 / 4 wave plates are set on the rotating optical path bracket. The optical axes of the two 1 / 4 wave plates are installed differentially at right angles to each other. The left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light type of the space target information light selects the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate to enter the main optical path. In this way, switching can be achieved according to the type of polarized light, so that different types of polarized light can be connected to the terminal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0040] Figure 1 This is an optical path distribution diagram of an optical communication terminal with a beacon provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is an optical path distribution diagram of a beacon-free optical communication terminal provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is an optical path distribution diagram of a beacon-free optical communication terminal based on a nutation tracking method provided in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0043] In the accompanying drawings, 1-circular rotation component, 2-rotating optical path bracket, 3-1 / 4 wave plate, 4-polarized light retrieval component, 5-fine tracking actuator, 6-wavelength spectrometer, 7-signal light polarization spectrometer, 7'-beacon light polarization spectrometer, 8-signal transmission branch, 9-beacon reception and capture branch, 10-signal reception and tracking branch, 11-signal advance aiming actuator, 12-receiving communication branch, 13-beacon transmission branch, 14-power spectrometer, 14' power spectrometer one, 15-beacon advance aiming actuator, 16-optical beam expander, 17-imaging aperture, 18-coarse tracking mechanism, 19-spatial reference imaging device, 20-wavelength spectrometer prism, 21-nutation tracking actuator, 22-signal capture branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication probe, including a circular rotation component 1, a rotating optical path bracket 2, an imaging optical path component, a signal light optical path component, a fine tracking actuator 5 and a wavelength splitter 6.

[0048] The rotating optical path support 2 is connected to the circumferential rotation component 1. The rotating optical path support 2 is a cross. The left, rear, right and front parts of the cross are respectively provided with a quarter wave plate 3, a polarized light retrieval component 4, a quarter wave plate 3 and an imaging aperture 17. The circumferential rotation component 1 can drive the rotating optical path support 2 to perform circular motion, and the quarter wave plate 3, the polarized light retrieval component 4, the quarter wave plate 3 and the imaging aperture 17 can enter the main optical path in sequence.

[0049] The imaging optical path assembly includes an optical beam expander 16, a coarse tracking mechanism 18, and a spatial reference imaging device 19. After the coarse tracking mechanism 18 points to the space target, the space target information light can be compressed by the optical beam expander 16, and then pass through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the wavelength splitter 6 in sequence before entering the spatial reference imaging device 19.

[0050] The signal light optical path component can perform optical axis calibration on the signal light.

[0051] This embodiment also includes a beacon light path component, which includes a beacon transmission branch 13, a beacon advance aiming actuator 15, a beacon light polarization beam splitter 7', a wavelength splitter prism 20 and a beacon receiving and capturing branch 9. The beacon light emitted by the beacon transmission branch 13 can be reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator 15 into the beacon light polarization beam splitter 7', then transmitted into the wavelength splitter prism 20, and then sequentially enters the wavelength splitter 6, the fine tracking actuator 5 and the polarization light tracing component 4, and reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch 9 after tracing back.

[0052] The signal light optical path component includes a signal transmitting branch 8, a signal advance aiming actuator 11, a signal light polarization splitter 7, a power splitter 14, a signal receiving and tracking branch 10 and a receiving communication branch 12. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch 8 can enter the signal light polarization splitter 7, the wavelength splitter 6, the fine tracking actuator 5 and the polarization light tracing component 4 in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter 14, one part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch 10, and the other part reaches the receiving communication branch 12.

[0053] In this embodiment, the power ratio of the power splitter 14 is 1:9, wherein the signal receiving tracking branch 10 accounts for a smaller proportion than the receiving communication branch 12 .

[0054] Specifically, this embodiment further provides an integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, including the following steps:

[0055] A. Start the circular rotating assembly 1, causing the polarized light tracing assembly 4 to enter the main optical path. The beacon light emitted by the beacon transmitting branch 13 is reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator 15 and enters the beacon light polarization beam splitter 7'. It then transmits into the wavelength splitter prism 20, and then sequentially enters the wavelength beam splitter 6, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the polarized light tracing assembly 4. After tracing back, it reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch 9. The traced light is vertically polarized light. Adjust the beacon advance aiming actuator 15 to calibrate the coaxiality of the beacon light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0056] B. The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch 8 is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11 and then enters the signal light polarization splitter 7, wavelength splitter 6, fine tracking actuator 5 and polarization light tracing component 4 in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power splitter 14 and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving tracking branch 10, and the other part reaches the receiving communication branch 12. The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. The signal advance aiming actuator 11 is adjusted to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0057] C. Restart the circular rotating assembly 1, causing the imaging aperture 17 to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism 18 is directed toward the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander 16 and then passes through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, the wavelength splitter 6, and the wavelength splitter prism 20 in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device 19. The position of the imaged star light spot is calculated, and the absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism 18.

[0058] D. Keep the fine tracking actuator 5 in the open state, adjust the beacon advance aiming actuator 15 so that the beacon receiving and capturing branch 9 detects the light intensity. At this time, the light position of the beacon receiving and capturing branch 9 is used as the beacon light position coordinate zero point; adjust the signal advance aiming actuator 11 so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch 12 reaches the maximum. The light position of the signal receiving and tracking branch 10 is used as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point;

[0059] E. Start the circular rotating component 1 again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of beacon light and signal light.

[0060] In this technical solution, by setting a signal light path component and a beacon light path component, in conjunction with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the polarized light tracing component 4 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axis calibration of the signal light and the beacon light is achieved. By setting an imaging light path component, in conjunction with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the imaging aperture 17 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the imaging and coordinate calibration of the space target are achieved, and the integration of optical equipment is achieved. By setting two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axes of the two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 are differentially installed perpendicular to each other, and the left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light type of the space target information light, the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 is selected to enter the main light path, so that switching can be achieved according to the type of polarized light, ensuring that the beacon light and the signal light are smoothly transmitted and received.

[0061] In this embodiment, the polarized light retrieval assembly 4 includes a corner reflector and a quarter-wave plate, mounted on a rotating optical path bracket 2. The light beam is projected onto the quarter-wave plate and then onto the corner reflector. By switching between different optical components for the main optical path, this technical solution allows for complete light retrieval, ensuring coaxiality calibration of the transmit and receive channels without the need for transmitting light or redundant optical path design.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication detection, including a circular rotation component 1, a rotating optical path bracket 2, an imaging optical path component, a signal light optical path component, a fine tracking actuator 5 and a wavelength splitter 6.

[0064] The rotating optical path support 2 is connected to the circumferential rotation component 1. The rotating optical path support 2 is a cross. The left, rear, right and front parts of the cross are respectively provided with a quarter wave plate 3, a polarized light retrieval component 4, a quarter wave plate 3 and an imaging aperture 17. The circumferential rotation component 1 can drive the rotating optical path support 2 to perform circular motion, and the quarter wave plate 3, the polarized light retrieval component 4, the quarter wave plate 3 and the imaging aperture 17 can enter the main optical path in sequence.

[0065] The imaging optical path assembly includes an optical beam expander 16, a coarse tracking mechanism 18, and a spatial reference imaging device 19. After the coarse tracking mechanism 18 points to the space target, the space target information light can be compressed by the optical beam expander 16, and then pass through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the wavelength splitter 6 in sequence before entering the spatial reference imaging device 19.

[0066] The signal light optical path component can perform optical axis calibration on the signal light.

[0067] The signal light optical path component described in this embodiment includes a signal transmitting branch 8, a signal advance aiming actuator 11, a signal light polarization splitter 7, a power splitter 14, a power splitter 14', a signal receiving and tracking branch 10, a receiving communication branch 12 and a signal capture branch 22. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch 8 can enter the signal light polarization splitter 7, the wavelength splitter 6, the fine tracking actuator 5 and the polarization light tracing component 4 in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter 14, one part reaches the receiving communication branch 12, and the other part enters the power splitter 14' and is then divided into two paths, one path reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch 10, and the other reaches the signal capture branch 22.

[0068] The power ratio of the power splitter 14 is 2:8, the proportion of the receiving communication branch 12 is greater than that of the power splitter 14 ′, and the power ratio of the power splitter 14 ′ is 5:5.

[0069] Specifically, this embodiment provides an integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, including the following steps:

[0070] A. Start the circular rotating component 1, so that the polarized light tracing component 4 enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch 8 is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11 and then enters the signal light polarization beam splitter 7, wavelength beam splitter 6, fine tracking actuator 5 and polarized light tracing component 4 in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power beam splitter 14 and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the receiving communication branch 12, and the other part enters the power beam splitter 14' and is further divided into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch 10, and the other reaches the signal capturing branch 22. The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator 11 to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axis.

[0071] B. Restart the circular rotating assembly 1, causing the imaging aperture 17 to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism 18 is directed toward the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander 16, then passes through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the wavelength splitter 6 in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device 19. Based on the imaged star light spot, the light spot position is calculated. The absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism 18.

[0072] C. Keep the fine tracking actuator 5 in the open state, adjust the signal advance aiming actuator 11 so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch 12 reaches the maximum, and the light position of the signal capture branch 22 is used as the zero point of the signal light tracking position coordinate;

[0073] D. Start the circular rotating component 1 again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of signal light.

[0074] In this technical solution, by setting a signal light path component, cooperating with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the polarized light retrieval component 4 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axis calibration of the signal light is achieved. By setting an imaging light path component, cooperating with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the imaging aperture 17 on the rotating light path bracket 2, space target imaging and coordinate calibration are achieved, achieving the integration of optical equipment. By setting two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axes of the two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 are differentially installed perpendicular to each other. The left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light type of the space target information light selects the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 to enter the main light path. In this way, switching can be achieved according to the type of polarized light, ensuring that the signal light is smoothly transmitted and received.

[0075] In this embodiment, the polarized light retrieval assembly 4 includes a corner reflector and a quarter-wave plate, mounted on a rotating optical path bracket 2. The light beam is projected onto the quarter-wave plate and then onto the corner reflector. By switching between different optical components for the main optical path, this technical solution allows for complete light retrieval, ensuring coaxiality calibration of the transmit and receive channels without the need for transmitting light or redundant optical path design.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication detection, including a circular rotation component 1, a rotating optical path bracket 2, an imaging optical path component, a signal light optical path component, a fine tracking actuator 5 and a wavelength splitter 6.

[0078] The rotating optical path support 2 is connected to the circumferential rotation component 1. The rotating optical path support 2 is a cross. The left, rear, right and front parts of the cross are respectively provided with a quarter wave plate 3, a polarized light retrieval component 4, a quarter wave plate 3 and an imaging aperture 17. The circumferential rotation component 1 can drive the rotating optical path support 2 to perform circular motion, and the quarter wave plate 3, the polarized light retrieval component 4, the quarter wave plate 3 and the imaging aperture 17 can enter the main optical path in sequence.

[0079] The imaging optical path assembly includes an optical beam expander 16, a coarse tracking mechanism 18, and a spatial reference imaging device 19. After the coarse tracking mechanism 18 points to the space target, the space target information light can be compressed by the optical beam expander 16, and then pass through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the wavelength splitter 6 in sequence before entering the spatial reference imaging device 19.

[0080] The signal light optical path component can perform optical axis calibration on the signal light.

[0081] The signal light optical path component described in this embodiment includes a signal transmitting branch 8, a signal advance aiming actuator 11, a signal light polarization splitter 7, a power splitter 14, a receiving communication branch 12, a nutation tracking actuator 21 and a signal capture branch 22. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch 8 can enter the signal light polarization splitter 7, the wavelength splitter 6, the fine tracking actuator 5 and the polarization light tracing component 4 in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11. After tracing back, it is divided into two parts through the power splitter 14. One part reaches the receiving communication branch 12 after passing through the nutation tracking actuator 21, and the other part reaches the signal capture branch 22.

[0082] In this embodiment, the power ratio of the power splitter 14 is 1:9, and the receiving communication branch 12 accounts for a larger proportion than the signal capture branch 22 .

[0083] Specifically, this embodiment provides an integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, including the following steps:

[0084] A. Start the circular rotation component 1, so that the polarized light tracing component 4 enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch 8 is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator 11 and then enters the signal light polarization beam splitter 7, wavelength beam splitter 6, fine tracking actuator 5 and polarized light tracing component 4 in sequence. After tracing back, it passes through the power beam splitter 14 and is divided into two parts. One part passes through the nutation tracking actuator 21 and reaches the receiving communication branch 12, and the other part reaches the signal capture branch 22. The traced light is vertically polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator 11 to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axes.

[0085] B. Restart the circular rotating assembly 1, causing the imaging aperture 17 to enter the main optical path. The coarse tracking mechanism 18 is directed toward the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander 16, then passes through the imaging aperture 17, the fine tracking actuator 5, and the wavelength splitter 6 in sequence before entering the space reference imaging device 19. Based on the imaged star light spot, the light spot position is calculated. The absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch and azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism 18.

[0086] C. Keep the fine tracking actuator 5 in the open state, adjust the signal advance aiming actuator 11 so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch 12 reaches the maximum, and use the light position of the signal capture branch 22 as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point. Adjust the nutation tracking actuator 21 so that the communication light energy reaches the maximum point, and record the nutation tracking actuator 21 as the execution reference zero point;

[0087] D. Start the circular rotating component 1 again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 into the main optical path to ensure smooth transmission and reception of signal light.

[0088] In this technical solution, by setting a signal light path component, cooperating with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the polarized light retrieval component 4 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axis calibration of the signal light is achieved. By setting an imaging light path component, cooperating with the circumferential rotation component 1 and the imaging aperture 17 on the rotating light path bracket 2, space target imaging and coordinate calibration are achieved, achieving the integration of optical equipment. By setting two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 on the rotating light path bracket 2, the optical axes of the two 1 / 4 wave plates 3 are differentially installed perpendicular to each other. The left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light type of the space target information light selects the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate 3 to enter the main light path. In this way, switching can be achieved according to the type of polarized light, ensuring that the signal light is smoothly transmitted and received.

[0089] In this embodiment, the polarized light retrieval assembly 4 includes a corner reflector and a quarter-wave plate, mounted on a rotating optical path bracket 2. The light beam is projected onto the quarter-wave plate and then onto the corner reflector. By switching between different optical components for the main optical path, this technical solution allows for complete light retrieval, ensuring coaxiality calibration of the transmit and receive channels without the need for transmitting light or redundant optical path design.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication probes, characterized in that: It comprises a circular rotating component (1), a rotating optical path bracket (2), an imaging optical path component, a signal optical path component, a fine tracking actuator (5) and a wavelength spectrometer (6). The rotating optical path support (2) is connected to the circumferential rotation component (1). The rotating optical path support (2) is a cross. A quarter wave plate (3), a polarized light retrieval component (4), a quarter wave plate (3) and an imaging aperture (17) are respectively arranged on the left, rear, right and front parts of the cross. The circumferential rotation component (1) can drive the rotating optical path support (2) to perform circular motion. The quarter wave plate (3), the polarized light retrieval component (4), the quarter wave plate (3) and the imaging aperture (17) can enter the main optical path in sequence. The imaging optical path assembly includes an optical beam expander (16), a coarse tracking mechanism (18), and a spatial reference imaging device (19). After the coarse tracking mechanism (18) points to the space target, the space target information light can be compressed by the optical beam expander (16), and then pass through the imaging aperture (17), the fine tracking actuator (5), and the wavelength splitter (6) in sequence before entering the spatial reference imaging device (19). The signal light optical path component can perform optical axis calibration on the signal light.

2. The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes beacon light path components, The beacon light path component comprises a beacon emission branch (13), a beacon advance aiming actuator (15), a beacon light polarization beam splitter (7'), a wavelength beam splitter prism (20) and a beacon receiving and capturing branch (9). The beacon light emitted by the beacon emission branch (13) can be reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator (15) into the beacon light polarization beam splitter (7'), then transmitted into the wavelength beam splitter prism (20), and then sequentially enters the wavelength beam splitter (6), the fine tracking actuator (5) and the polarization light tracing component (4), and reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch (9) after tracing back. The signal light optical path component comprises a signal transmission branch (8), a signal advance aiming actuator (11), a signal light polarization beam splitter (7), a power beam splitter (14), a signal receiving and tracking branch (10) and a receiving and communication branch (12). The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch (8) can enter the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), the wavelength beam splitter (6), the fine tracking actuator (5) and the polarization light tracing component (4) in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11). After being traced back, the signal light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts, one part reaching the signal receiving and tracking branch (10) and the other part reaching the receiving and communication branch (12).

3. The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power ratio of the power splitter (14) is 1:9, wherein the proportion of the signal receiving tracking branch (10) is smaller than that of the receiving communication branch (12).

4. The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal light optical path component comprises a signal transmission branch (8), a signal advance aiming actuator (11), a signal light polarization beam splitter (7), a power beam splitter (14), a power beam splitter 1 (14'), a signal receiving and tracking branch (10), a receiving communication branch (12) and a signal capture branch (22). The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch (8) can enter the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), the wavelength beam splitter (6), the fine tracking actuator (5) and the polarization light tracing component (4) in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11). After being traced back, the signal light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts, one part reaches the receiving communication branch (12), and the other part enters the power beam splitter 1 (14') and is further divided into two paths, one path reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch (10), and the other reaches the signal capture branch (22).

5. The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device for optical communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power ratio of the power splitter (14) is 2:8, the proportion of the receiving communication branch (12) is greater than that of the power splitter (14'), and the power ratio of the power splitter (14') is 5:

5.

6. The optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal light optical path component comprises a signal transmission branch (8), a signal advance aiming actuator (11), a signal light polarization beam splitter (7), a power beam splitter (14), a receiving communication branch (12), a nutation tracking actuator (21) and a signal capture branch (22). The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch (8) can enter the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), the wavelength beam splitter (6), the fine tracking actuator (5) and the polarization light tracing component (4) in sequence after being reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11). After being traced back, the signal light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts. One part passes through the nutation tracking actuator (21) and reaches the receiving communication branch (12), and the other part reaches the signal capture branch (22).

7. The optical axis calibration and polarization integration device for optical communication according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power ratio of the power splitter (14) is 1:9, and the proportion of the receiving communication branch (12) is greater than that of the signal capture branch (22).

8. An integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, characterized in that: The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device according to claim 2 comprises the following steps: A. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) so that the polarized light tracing assembly (4) enters the main optical path. The beacon transmitting branch (13) transmits the beacon light, which is reflected by the beacon advance aiming actuator (15) and enters the beacon light polarization beam splitter (7'). The light is then transmitted into the wavelength beam splitter prism (20) and then enters the wavelength beam splitter (6), the fine tracking actuator (5) and the polarized light tracing assembly (4) in sequence. After tracing back, the light reaches the beacon receiving and capturing branch (9). The traced light is vertically polarized light. The beacon advance aiming actuator (15) is adjusted to calibrate the coaxiality of the beacon light receiving and transmitting light axis. B. The signal light emitted by the signal transmission branch (8) is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11) and then enters the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), wavelength beam splitter (6), fine tracking actuator (5) and polarization light tracing component (4) in sequence. After tracing back, the light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving and tracking branch (10), and the other part reaches the receiving communication branch (12). The light after tracing back is vertically polarized light. The signal advance aiming actuator (11) is adjusted to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and tracing axis. C. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) again, so that the imaging aperture (17) enters the main optical path, and the coarse tracking mechanism (18) points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander (16), passes through the imaging aperture (17), the fine tracking actuator (5), the wavelength splitter (6), and the wavelength splitter prism (20) in sequence, and then enters the space reference imaging device (19). The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot, and the absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism (18); D. Keep the fine tracking actuator (5) in the open state, adjust the beacon advance aiming actuator (15) so that the beacon receiving and capturing branch (9) detects the light intensity, and the light position of the beacon receiving and capturing branch (9) is used as the beacon light position coordinate zero point; adjust the signal advance aiming actuator (11) so that the receiving communication branch (12) receives the maximum light intensity, and the light position of the signal receiving and tracking branch (10) is used as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point; E. Start the circular rotating component (1) again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate (3) into the main light path, so that the beacon light and the signal light can be transmitted and received smoothly.

9. An integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, characterized in that: The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device according to claim 4 comprises the following steps: A. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) so that the polarized light tracing assembly (4) enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch (8) is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11) and then enters the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), wavelength beam splitter (6), fine tracking actuator (5) and polarized light tracing assembly (4) in sequence. After tracing back, the signal light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts. One part reaches the receiving communication branch (12), and the other part enters the power beam splitter (14') and is further divided into two parts. One part reaches the signal receiving tracking branch (10), and the other reaches the signal capturing branch (22). The light after tracing back is vertical linear polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator (11) to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axis. B. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) again, so that the imaging aperture (17) enters the main optical path, and the coarse tracking mechanism (18) points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander (16), passes through the imaging aperture (17), the fine tracking actuator (5), and the wavelength splitter (6) in sequence, and then enters the space reference imaging device (19). The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot, and the absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism (18); C. Keeping the fine tracking actuator (5) in an open state, adjusting the signal advance aiming actuator (11) so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch (12) reaches the maximum, and the light position of the signal capture branch (22) is used as the zero point of the signal light tracking position coordinate; D. Start the circular rotating component (1) again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate (3) into the main light path to enable the signal light to be transmitted and received smoothly.

10. An integrated operation method for optical axis calibration and polarization for optical communication detection, characterized in that: The optical axis calibration and polarization integrated device according to claim 6 comprises the following steps: A. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) so that the polarized light tracing assembly (4) enters the main optical path. The signal light emitted by the signal transmitting branch (8) is reflected by the signal advance aiming actuator (11) and then enters the signal light polarization beam splitter (7), wavelength beam splitter (6), fine tracking actuator (5) and polarized light tracing assembly (4) in sequence. After tracing back, the signal light passes through the power beam splitter (14) and is divided into two parts. One part passes through the nutation tracking actuator (21) and reaches the receiving communication branch (12), while the other part reaches the signal capture branch (22). The light after tracing back is vertical linear polarized light. Adjust the signal advance aiming actuator (11) to calibrate the coaxiality of the signal light receiving and transmitting optical axis. B. Start the circular rotating assembly (1) again, so that the imaging aperture (17) enters the main optical path, and the coarse tracking mechanism (18) points to the space target. The space target information light is compressed by the optical beam expander (16), passes through the imaging aperture (17), the fine tracking actuator (5), and the wavelength splitter (6) in sequence, and then enters the space reference imaging device (19). The position of the light spot is calculated based on the imaged star light spot, and the absolute coordinate position of the space target is obtained through the pitch azimuth feedback angle of the coarse tracking mechanism (18); C. Keep the fine tracking actuator (5) in the open state, adjust the signal advance aiming actuator (11) so that the received light intensity of the receiving communication branch (12) reaches the maximum, use the light position of the signal capture branch (22) as the signal light tracking position coordinate zero point, adjust the nutation tracking actuator (21) so that the communication light energy reaches the maximum point, and record the nutation tracking actuator (21) as the execution reference zero point; D. Start the circular rotating component (1) again to capture and track the space target. According to the type of left-handed circularly polarized light or right-handed circularly polarized light of the space target information light, switch the corresponding 1 / 4 wave plate (3) into the main light path to enable the signal light to be transmitted and received smoothly.

Images