An analog system and construction method for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence

Abstract

The application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, in particular to a simulation system and a construction method for imaging of various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, which comprises a silicon-based AMOLED micro display, a collimator, a polarization filter, a spatial light modulator, an imaging assembly and an image recording device; the image recording device reads and stores picture data or video data of a real scene, loads and displays the real scene through the silicon-based AMOLED micro display, simulates optical characteristics of the real scene, the collimator collimates divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED micro display and converts the divergent light into parallel light; the polarization filter performs polarization processing on the parallel light, so that the polarization light wave matches the polarization characteristics of the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator modulates the phase of the polarization light wave, simulates the wavefront distortion effect caused by atmospheric turbulence; and the imaging assembly images the degraded image with the changed phase and stores the image in the image recording device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular relates to a simulation system and a construction method for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence. Background Art

[0002] In the field of optical imaging, acquiring high-resolution images is crucial for target detection, tracking, identification, and precise measurement. However, random fluctuations in the air's refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence can significantly perturb the amplitude and phase of the light wavefront received by the imaging device, leading to geometric distortion and spatial blurring of the observed image, significantly degrading image quality. This degradation phenomenon severely hinders the extraction of effective information from the image and significantly negatively impacts subsequent processing tasks such as target recognition and motion characteristic analysis.

[0003] Deep learning-based image restoration methods offer an effective approach for recovering atmospheric turbulence-degraded images. However, training deep learning models relies on large datasets of paired real and degraded images. In real-world scenarios, simultaneously acquiring both a real image and its corresponding turbulence-degraded image of the same object or scene is extremely difficult.

[0004] Atmospheric turbulence simulation methods can be divided into two categories: real-life simulation and phase modulation. The problems existing in current atmospheric turbulence simulation systems are:

[0005] 1. Scenario limitations: Current atmospheric turbulence simulation systems can often only simulate specific scenarios. In particular, methods using phase modulation devices can only simulate the impact of atmospheric turbulence on point light sources and cannot flexibly simulate various real-world scene images.

[0006] 2. Insufficient phase screen simulation accuracy: Traditional atmospheric turbulence simulation methods mostly use physical phase screens or phase screens based on micromachining technology. These methods have problems such as fixed phase changes and periodic rotating wavefronts, which are significantly different from actual conditions.

[0007] 3. Lack of contrast image acquisition capability: Existing atmospheric turbulence simulation systems can only provide simulated images and are unable to simultaneously display contrast images before and after the impact of atmospheric turbulence, which limits the intuitive understanding and analysis of the effects of atmospheric turbulence.

[0008] 4. Difficulty in dataset construction: The construction of a dataset of degraded images under the influence of atmospheric turbulence is crucial for the development of atmospheric image restoration algorithms, but existing technologies make it difficult to achieve this goal.

[0009] 5. Insufficient system flexibility and practicality: Traditional atmospheric turbulence simulation systems are often complex in structure, bulky in size, cumbersome to operate, and difficult to achieve rapid changes in atmospheric conditions and propagation distances. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a simulation system and construction method for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, so as to solve the problems of scene limitations and insufficient phase screen simulation accuracy in the existing technology.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solution created by the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0012] A simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, the system comprising: a silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, a collimator, a polarizing filter, a spatial light modulator, an imaging component, and an image recording device; the image recording device reads and stores image data or video data of a real scene, loads and displays the data through the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, and simulates the optical properties of the image data or video data of the real scene; the collimator collimates divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, converting the divergent light into parallel light; the polarizing filter polarizes the parallel light to match the polarization properties of the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator modulates the phase of the polarized light to simulate the wavefront distortion effect caused by atmospheric turbulence and form a degraded image; the imaging component forms an image of the degraded image with the changed phase, and the image recording device stores the image.

[0013] Furthermore, the imaging component includes: a fixed-focus optical lens and an industrial camera; the fixed-focus optical lens and the industrial camera are integrated together to ensure optical stability and high-quality acquisition of the degraded image.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: a control computer; the control computer drives the spatial light modulator, dynamically loads phase screen data, and phase modulates the polarized light waves passing through its surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the image data formats include JPEG and BMP; the video data formats include MP4 and AVI.

[0016] Furthermore, the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay is arranged on the focal plane of the collimator.

[0017] A method for constructing a simulation system for imaging atmospheric turbulence in various scenes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] After the simulation system is started, the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, spatial light modulator, imaging component and image recording device perform self-test;

[0019] The image recording device reads the input picture or video data and sends it to the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay;

[0020] The collimator converts the divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay into parallel light;

[0021] The polarizing filter is installed between the collimator and the spatial light modulator, and the polarizing filter is aligned at a 0-degree angle with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the spatial light modulator; the polarizing filter modulates the parallel light into a polarized light wave;

[0022] The spatial light modulator loads phase screen data on the polarized light wave in real time to perform phase modulation to simulate the wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence;

[0023] The image modulated by the spatial light modulator is acquired through the imaging component and sent to the image recording device; the image recording device stores the real image and the collected image to construct atmospheric turbulence degradation image data.

[0024] Furthermore, the spatial light modulator and imaging component are calibrated by a laser interferometer or a wavefront sensor.

[0025] Furthermore, the method for loading phase screen data and phase modulating the polarized light wave in real time includes:

[0026] Step 1: Calculate the atmospheric coherence length based on turbulence conditions :

[0027] Step 2: Calculate the covariance matrix of the Zernike coefficients using the Noll formula ;

[0028] Step 3: For the covariance matrix Perform Cholesky decomposition:

[0029]

[0030] in is a lower triangular matrix that generates Gaussian random vectors with zero mean and unit variance :

[0031]

[0032] Where N means that the variable follows a normal distribution with an expected mean of 0, and I means that the covariance matrix is ​​the identity matrix; It conforms to the statistical characteristics of Kolmogorov turbulence;

[0033] Step 4: Obtain the covariance matrix of the Zernike coefficients Combined with Zernike basis functions, a phase screen is generated:

[0034]

[0035] in, is the phase distribution function, is the polar coordinate position on the spatial light modulator, and the phase value range of the spatial light modulator is [0, 2π), are the coefficients of the j-th order Zernike polynomial, is a Zernike polynomial; the phase screen is modulo processed:

[0036]

[0037] in Represents the phase value after modulo processing;

[0038] According to the grayscale phase mapping of the spatial light modulator, the phase value is converted into a grayscale value:

[0039]

[0040] The generated grayscale image is loaded onto the spatial light modulator to achieve phase modulation of atmospheric turbulence.

[0041] Furthermore, the turbulence condition is the refractive index structure constant and propagation path length and wavelength of light .

[0042] Furthermore, the grayscale value is an 8-bit grayscale in the range of 0-255.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The present invention collimates the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay into parallel light and projects it onto a spatial light modulator for phase modulation. This allows for flexible control of the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay to display scene images and enables imaging of various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, thus having wide applicability.

[0045] 2. The present invention uses a large-target reflective spatial light modulator to simulate a phase screen, which can achieve high-precision dynamic phase modulation and more realistically simulate atmospheric turbulence effects.

[0046] 3. Through imaging components and image recording devices, the present invention can simultaneously obtain comparative images of various scenes before and after the impact of atmospheric turbulence, support automatic image alignment and annotation, reduce manual intervention, and improve the efficiency of data set construction.

[0047] 4. By simulating atmospheric turbulence imaging in various scenarios, the present invention can easily and quickly construct a dataset containing degraded images under various atmospheric turbulence conditions, providing high-quality training and verification data, significantly reducing the cost of algorithm development, and providing an experimental platform for the development and verification of atmospheric image restoration algorithms.

[0048] 5. The present invention adopts a compact optical design combined with a programmable spatial light modulator, which is small in size, light in weight and easy to deploy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for constructing a simulation system for imaging atmospheric turbulence in various scenes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 Diagrams illustrating examples of phase screens used in spatial light modulators according to embodiments of the present invention. (a) represents the phase screen when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.001 m, (b) represents the phase screen when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.01 m, (c) represents the phase screen when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.1 m, and (d) represents the phase screen when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.2 m.

[0053] Figure 4 The system described in the embodiment of the present invention generates a discrimination plate map for an atmospheric turbulence image dataset. (a) represents the original discrimination plate image, (b) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.001m, (c) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.01m, (d) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.1m, and (e) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.2m.

[0054] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows a real scene of an atmospheric turbulence image dataset generated by the system described in an embodiment of the present invention. (a) represents the original image, (b) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.001m, (c) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.01m, (d) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.1m, and (e) represents the discrimination plate map when the atmospheric coherence length is 0.2m.

[0055] Description of reference numerals:

[0056] 1. Silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay; 2. Collimator; 3. Polarization filter; 4. Spatial light modulator; 5. Control computer; 6. Fixed-focus optical lens; 7. Industrial camera; 8. Image recording device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Similar elements in different embodiments use associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are intended to enable the present invention to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some of the features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present invention are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid the core part of the present invention being overwhelmed by too much description. For those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail. They can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other to form various implementation methods. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the description and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not intended to be a required order, unless otherwise specified that a certain order must be followed.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0061] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, the system includes: a silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1, a collimator 2, a polarizing filter 3, a spatial light modulator 4, an imaging component and an image recording device 8;

[0063] Image recording device 8 reads and stores real-world image or video data. Supported image formats include JPEG and BMP, and video formats include MP4 and AVI. The loaded images or videos serve as the actual images in the dataset, providing benchmark data for subsequent turbulence simulations. The image recording device supports simulations of diverse scenarios to meet diverse user needs.

[0064] Real-world image or video data is loaded and displayed via a silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1. Featuring high resolution and high dynamic range, the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1 can mimic the optical properties of real-world image or video data. Its self-luminous properties ensure high image contrast and color reproduction. The silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1 is positioned on the focal plane of a collimator 2. In this embodiment, the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1 has a resolution of 1920×1080, a maximum brightness of 3000 nits, and a display area measuring 15.81 mm×9.00 mm.

[0065] Collimator 2 collimates the divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay 1, converting it into parallel light. The optical design of collimator 2 ensures that the light remains collimated during propagation, thereby simulating the optical propagation characteristics of a distant target. In this embodiment, collimator 2 has an aperture of 50 mm and a focal length of 200 mm.

[0066] The polarizing filter 3 performs polarization processing on the parallel light so that the polarized light wave matches the polarization characteristics of the spatial light modulator 4. In this embodiment, the spectral range of the polarizing filter 3 is 400nm to 700nm; the outer diameter is 50mm.

[0067] The spatial light modulator 4 modulates the phase of the polarized light wave by controlling the computer 5. The control computer 5 drives the spatial light modulator 4, dynamically loads the phase screen data, and performs phase modulation on the polarized light wave passing through its surface, simulating the wavefront distortion effect caused by atmospheric turbulence and forming a degraded image. The spatial light modulator 4 usually modulates the phase of the light wave based on the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, the polarization direction of the incident light is required to be consistent with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules to ensure maximum modulation efficiency. In this embodiment, the modulation type of the spatial light modulator 4 is phase type; the liquid crystal type is reflective; the resolution is 1920×1080; the bit depth is 8 bits; the phase range is 2π@622nm, that is, within the wavelength of the light wave, the phase range is 2π@622nm. Under the condition of 622 nm, the spatial light modulator 4 can provide a maximum phase modulation of 2π.

[0068] The imaging assembly is a fixed-focus optical lens 6 coupled with a high-sensitivity industrial camera 7. The fixed-focus optical lens 6 ensures optical stability for imaging degraded images with shifted phases, while the high resolution and low noise of the industrial camera 7 ensure high-quality capture of degraded images. In this embodiment, the fixed-focus optical lens 6 has a focal length of 50 mm, a clear aperture F of 2.8 to 16, and the industrial camera 7 has a resolution of 1440 × 1080 pixels, a frame rate of 25 Hz, and a pixel size of 3.45 μm.

[0069] The image recording device 8 synchronously records the original real scene image information displayed by the silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1 and the degraded image information collected by the industrial camera 7, and supports a high dynamic range image storage format to ensure the integrity of the data and the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0070] A method for constructing a simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] After the simulation system is started, the silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1, the spatial light modulator 4, the imaging assembly and the image recording device 8 perform self-checking; the spatial light modulator 4 and the imaging assembly are corrected by a laser interferometer or a wavefront sensor to verify the collimation of the optical path and the alignment accuracy of the optical elements, and to ensure that the system is in the best working state.

[0072] The image recording device 8 reads the picture or video data of the input real scene, and the content of the picture and video includes but is not limited to discrimination rate plate, radiation resolution test chart, natural landscape, urban landscape, dynamic target, etc. for subsequent turbulence simulation and targeted data set construction, and is sent to the silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1.

[0073] The silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1 displays the image of the real scene, and the silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1 is fixed on the objective focal plane of the collimator 2 through a transition piece to ensure the high contrast and color restoration of the image.

[0074] The collimator 2 converts the divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED micro display 1 into parallel light, thereby simulating the optical propagation characteristics of a long-distance target. The collimated parallel light can effectively reduce image distortion, improve imaging clarity and light energy utilization efficiency, and reduce system power consumption.

[0075] A polarization filter 3 is installed between the collimator 2 and the spatial light modulator 4, and the polarization filter 3 is aligned with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the spatial light modulator 4 at a zero angle; the polarization filter 3 modulates the parallel light into polarized light waves, so that it matches the polarization characteristics of the spatial light modulator 4, and ensures that the modulation efficiency is maximized.

[0076] The spatial light modulator 4 loads phase screen data in real time to the polarized light waves for phase modulation to simulate the wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence.

[0077] The phase screen under different atmospheric coherence lengths is calculated according to the atmospheric turbulence model, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0078] The atmospheric coherence length r0 is the maximum area diameter of the phase fluctuation of the light wave that remains relatively consistent when propagating in the atmosphere. The phase screen is dynamically generated according to the atmospheric coherence length r0 and the propagation distance length . Figure 3 The phase screen distribution under different r0 values ​​is shown:

[0079] (a) r0 = 0.001 m: strong turbulence, with dramatic phase fluctuations;

[0080] (b) r0 = 0.01 m: moderate turbulence, moderate phase fluctuations;

[0081] (c) r0 = 0.1 m: weak turbulence, with gentle phase fluctuations;

[0082] (d) r0 = 0.2 m: extremely weak turbulence, with small phase fluctuations.

[0083] The spatial light modulator 4 is driven by the control computer 5 to load the phase screen data in real time, perform phase modulation on the incident light wave, and simulate the wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence.

[0084] The method for loading phase screen data and phase modulating polarized light waves in real time includes:

[0085] Step 1: Calculate the atmospheric coherence length based on turbulence conditions .

[0086] Step 2: Calculate the covariance matrix of the Zernike coefficients using the Noll formula .

[0087] Step 3: Covariance matrix Perform Cholesky decomposition:

[0088]

[0089] in is a lower triangular matrix that generates Gaussian random vectors with zero mean and unit variance :

[0090]

[0091] Where N means that the variable follows a normal distribution with an expected mean of 0, and I means that the covariance matrix is ​​the identity matrix; It conforms to the statistical characteristics of Kolmogorov turbulence.

[0092] Step 4: Obtain the Zernike coefficient covariance matrix Combined with Zernike basis functions, a phase screen is generated:

[0093]

[0094] in, is the phase distribution function, is the polar coordinate position on the spatial light modulator, and the phase value range of the spatial light modulator 4 is within [0,2π), are the coefficients of the j-th order Zernike polynomial, is a Zernike polynomial.

[0095] Perform modulo processing on the phase screen:

[0096]

[0097] in Represents the phase value after modulo processing, that is, the effective phase screen.

[0098] According to the grayscale phase mapping of the spatial light modulator 4, the phase value is converted into a grayscale value:

[0099]

[0100] The generated grayscale image is loaded onto the spatial light modulator 4 to achieve phase modulation of the atmospheric turbulence.

[0101] Among them, the turbulence condition is the refractive index structure constant and propagation path length and wavelength of light , the grayscale value is 8-bit grayscale, ranging from 0 to 255.

[0102] A large-area reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) is used to generate a high-precision phase screen based on the Kolmogorov turbulence model and Zernike polynomials, achieving dynamic phase modulation. This highly accurate phase modulation accurately simulates wavefront distortion effects at varying atmospheric coherence lengths. This model reproduces the effects of atmospheric turbulence on optical wavefronts, providing more reliable experimental conditions for evaluating optical system performance.

[0103] A fixed-focus optical lens 6 is combined with an industrial camera 7 to obtain a degraded image modulated by a spatial light modulator 4 and store it in an image recording device 8. At the same time, the input real scene picture or video is recorded, and data alignment is performed through file name numbering to ensure data consistency.

[0104] Preprocess the captured images, including removing duplicate, blurred, or low-quality images. For supervised learning tasks, annotate the images, assign category labels, and generate annotation files (e.g., in XML or JSON format). Each image and its annotation file are stored in a separate folder by category to construct a high-quality atmospheric turbulence-degraded image dataset. When the dataset is complete, end the simulation and shut down all devices.

[0105] The present invention can simultaneously obtain before-and-after comparison images of various scenes affected by atmospheric turbulence through the image recording device 8, such as Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown in the above, even if the same scene, different time, different light conditions, the images taken will be very different, and the present application ensures that the same scene is acquired before and after the image affected by atmospheric turbulence, providing a powerful tool for detailed analysis of the impact of atmospheric turbulence on image quality.

[0106] It should be understood that the various forms of flow shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure can be achieved, which is not limited herein.

[0107] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a simulation system for imaging atmospheric turbulence in various scenes, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: After the simulation system is started, the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, spatial light modulator, imaging component, and image recording device perform self-tests; The spatial light modulator and imaging assembly are corrected by a laser interferometer or a wavefront sensor; The image recording device reads the input picture or video data and sends it to the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay; The collimator converts the divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay into parallel light; A polarizing filter is installed between the collimator and the spatial light modulator, wherein the polarizing filter is aligned at a 0-degree angle with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the spatial light modulator; the polarizing filter modulates the parallel light into a polarized light wave; The spatial light modulator loads phase screen data on the polarized light wave in real time to perform phase modulation to simulate the wavefront distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence; The method for real-time loading of phase screen data and phase modulation of polarized light waves includes: Step 1: Calculate the atmospheric coherence length based on turbulence conditions : Step 2: Calculate the covariance matrix of the Zernike coefficients using the Noll formula ; Step 3: For the covariance matrix Perform Cholesky decomposition: in is a lower triangular matrix that generates Gaussian random vectors with zero mean and unit variance : Where N means that the variable follows a normal distribution with an expected mean of 0, and I means that the covariance matrix is ​​the identity matrix; It conforms to the statistical characteristics of Kolmogorov turbulence; Step 4: Obtain the Zernike coefficient covariance matrix Combined with Zernike basis functions, a phase screen is generated: in, is the phase distribution function, is the polar coordinate position on the spatial light modulator, and the phase value range of the spatial light modulator is [0, 2π), are the coefficients of the j-th order Zernike polynomial, is a Zernike polynomial; the phase screen is modulo processed: in Represents the phase value after modulo processing; According to the grayscale phase mapping of the spatial light modulator, the phase value is converted into a grayscale value: Loading the generated grayscale image onto the spatial light modulator to achieve phase modulation of atmospheric turbulence; The image modulated by the spatial light modulator is acquired through the imaging component and sent to the image recording device; the image recording device stores the real image and the collected image to construct atmospheric turbulence degradation image data.

2. The method for constructing a simulation system for imaging atmospheric turbulence of various scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence condition is the refractive index structure constant and propagation path length and wavelength of light .

3. The method for constructing a simulation system for imaging atmospheric turbulence of various scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grayscale value is 8-bit grayscale, ranging from 0 to 255.

4. A simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence, used to implement the method for constructing a simulation system for imaging various scenes through atmospheric turbulence according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The system includes: a silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, a collimator, a polarizing filter, a spatial light modulator, an imaging component, and an image recording device; the image recording device reads and stores image data or video data of a real scene, loads and displays the data through the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay, and simulates the optical properties of the image data or video data of the real scene; the collimator collimates the divergent light emitted by the silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay and converts the divergent light into parallel light; the polarizing filter polarizes the parallel light to match the polarization properties of the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator modulates the phase of the polarized light wave to simulate the wavefront distortion effect caused by atmospheric turbulence and form a degraded image; the imaging component forms an image of the degraded image with the changed phase, and the image recording device stores the image.

5. The system for simulating atmospheric turbulence imaging of various scenes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The imaging component includes: a fixed-focus optical lens and an industrial camera; the fixed-focus optical lens and the industrial camera are integrated together to ensure optical stability and high-quality acquisition of the degraded image.

6. The system for simulating atmospheric turbulence imaging of various scenes according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A control computer; the control computer drives the spatial light modulator, dynamically loads phase screen data, and phase modulates the polarized light waves passing through its surface.

7. The system for simulating atmospheric turbulence imaging of various scenes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The image data formats include JPEG and BMP; the video data formats include MP4 and AVI.

8. The system for simulating atmospheric turbulence imaging of various scenes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The silicon-based AMOLED microdisplay is arranged on the focal plane of the collimator.

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