A river and lake water ecological management system

Abstract

This invention provides a river and lake water ecological governance system, belonging to the field of water body ecological governance technology, comprising: a data acquisition module: real-time monitoring of key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors; an index analysis module: determining the pollution index based on monitoring data, and then determining the pollution level and main pollutants of the water body; a water quality early warning module: providing water quality early warning based on the pollution index and preset pollution index thresholds; a coefficient evaluation module: determining several pollution decomposition zones based on the water quality early warning results, and then obtaining and evaluating the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone in conjunction with the pollution level of the water body; and a scheme determination module: determining the pollution decomposition scheme based on the evaluation results and the main pollutants, reducing the lag and human error in traditional methods, and effectively improving the ecological environment of river and lake water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water body ecological management technology, and in particular to a river and lake water body ecological management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, the problem of river and lake water pollution has become increasingly serious, especially the harm that pollutants and harmful substances in water bodies pose to the ecological environment. Therefore, how to monitor water pollution in a timely and accurate manner and take effective ecological governance measures has become an important issue in the field of water quality protection.

[0003] Existing river and lake pollution control solutions largely rely on manual analysis and processing of water quality monitoring data. These solutions typically involve sampling and analyzing pollutants and conducting pollution assessments based on experience, but they fail to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of control measures. Furthermore, while some systems can provide preliminary warnings through pollution indices, they lack the ability to accurately identify and decompose pollution sources, resulting in limited control effectiveness. The current technology fails to combine real-time monitoring with precise analysis, leading to delayed or inaccurate pollution assessments, a lack of targeted and personalized pollution control solutions, and an inability to dynamically assess and adjust control measures in complex water environments.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an ecological management system for river and lake water bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system that achieves accurate assessment and early warning of pollution through real-time monitoring of water data and dynamic pollution index analysis. Compared with existing technologies, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollutants in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient assessment, it can formulate personalized pollution control plans, realize real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality, significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of water body management, reduce the lag and human error in traditional methods, and effectively improve the ecological environment of river and lake water bodies.

[0006] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system comprising:

[0007] Data acquisition module: Real-time monitoring of key data for preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors;

[0008] Index analysis module: Based on monitoring data, determine the pollution index, and then determine the pollution level and main pollutants of the water body;

[0009] Water quality early warning module: Provides water quality early warning based on the pollution index and preset pollution index thresholds;

[0010] Coefficient evaluation module: Based on the water quality early warning results, several pollution decomposition zones are identified, and then the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is obtained and evaluated in combination with the pollution level of the water body;

[0011] Solution determination module: Determines pollution decomposition schemes based on assessment results and major pollutants.

[0012] This invention provides a data acquisition module for a river and lake water ecological management system, comprising:

[0013] Feature determination unit: Acquire and analyze the geographical information of river and lake water bodies, and then determine the water flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of river and lake water bodies;

[0014] Scope Determination Unit: Based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a pre-set diffusion model, determine the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies;

[0015] Feature analysis unit: Based on water flow characteristics and the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies, several key monitoring points are identified;

[0016] Network construction unit: Based on key data of a preset type, determine several preset sensors and deploy the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network;

[0017] Data monitoring unit: Based on a sensor monitoring network, it monitors key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies in real time.

[0018] This invention provides an index analysis module for river and lake water body ecological governance systems, comprising:

[0019] Index determination unit: Determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data;

[0020] Interval Determination Unit: Based on the preset pollution level classification standard, several pollution index intervals are determined, and each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level;

[0021] Pollution level determination unit: Determine the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices;

[0022] Data Analysis Unit: Analyzes monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters and identifies all key influencing parameters as major pollutants.

[0023] This invention provides a system index determination unit for ecological governance of river and lake water bodies, comprising:

[0024] Area determination subunit: Several monitoring areas are determined based on monitoring points and preset ranges;

[0025] Data processing subunit; standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods;

[0026] Index Determination Sub-unit: Determine the pollution index for each monitoring area based on standardized monitoring data;

[0027]

[0028] Among them, I i Let C be the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j T represents the standardized concentration of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j p is the standardized concentration threshold of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j F is the preset sensitivity coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j Let n be the preset environmental correlation coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i Let I be the number of pollutant types in the i-th monitoring area. i,jk I is a preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of pollutant j and pollutant k in the i-th monitoring area. i,j I is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists. i,k The preset pollution index reference value is the one for the i-th monitoring area where only the k-th pollutant exists.

[0029] This invention provides a water quality early warning module for a river and lake water ecological management system, comprising:

[0030] Level determination unit: The warning level of each monitoring area is determined based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and the preset pollution index threshold;

[0031] Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-method database, obtain the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issue water quality early warnings.

[0032] This invention provides a coefficient evaluation module for river and lake water body ecological governance systems, comprising:

[0033] First regional determination unit: Based on the water quality early warning results, determine the early warning level of each monitoring area, and identify the monitoring areas that exceed the preset early warning level threshold as the main pollution areas;

[0034] The second defining unit of the region: the main pollution area is defined as the main decomposition area, and the adjacent areas of the main pollution area are defined as the secondary decomposition areas.

[0035] This invention provides a coefficient evaluation module for river and lake water body ecological governance systems, and further includes:

[0036] Parameter acquisition unit: Acquires pollution-related parameters and environmental-related parameters for each pollution decomposition zone;

[0037] Data processing unit: Standardizes the pollution level of the water body, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone;

[0038] Coefficient Determination Unit: Based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and the environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is determined.

[0039]

[0040] Among them, K n L is the decomposition coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition zone. n C represents the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition zone. hn C represents the concentration of the h-th major pollutant within the n-th pollution decomposition region. h0 The preset initial background concentration of the h-th major pollutant, M is the number of major pollutant types, v n T is the velocity coefficient of the water flow. n E is the water temperature coefficient. n A represents the ecosystem health coefficient. n D is the area coefficient of the region. n-adj Let D be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth primary pollution decomposition region. n-main Let r be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth pollution principal decomposition region, excluding the nth pollution principal decomposition region. n-adj The water flow connectivity coefficient is the nth pollution main decomposition region; the pollution decomposition region includes a main decomposition region and a secondary decomposition region. The main decomposition region is the main pollution region that exceeds the preset warning level threshold, as determined based on the water quality warning results. The secondary decomposition region is the region adjacent to the main decomposition region.

[0041] This invention provides a main pollutant for a river and lake water ecological management system, including: physical pollutants, chemical pollutants, and biological pollutants.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0043] By monitoring water body data in real time and analyzing dynamic pollution indices, accurate assessment and early warning of pollution can be achieved. Compared with existing technologies, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollutants in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient assessment, personalized pollution control plans can be formulated, realizing real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality. This significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of water body treatment, reduces the lag and human error in traditional methods, and effectively improves the ecological environment of rivers and lakes. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a river and lake water ecological management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0049] Data acquisition module: Real-time monitoring of key data for preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors;

[0050] Index analysis module: Based on monitoring data, determine the pollution index, and then determine the pollution level and main pollutants of the water body;

[0051] Water quality early warning module: Provides water quality early warning based on the pollution index and preset pollution index thresholds;

[0052] Coefficient evaluation module: Based on the water quality early warning results, several pollution decomposition zones are identified, and then the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is obtained and evaluated in combination with the pollution level of the water body;

[0053] Solution determination module: Determines pollution decomposition schemes based on assessment results and major pollutants.

[0054] In this embodiment, the pollution index is a comprehensive value calculated based on the concentration of different pollutants in the water body or water quality indicators, used to measure the degree of water pollution. It is usually based on the detection results of multiple pollutants in the water (such as ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, etc.), and a unified index value is obtained through weighted calculation to quickly assess the quality of water.

[0055] In this embodiment, the pollution level of a water body is a process of classifying the pollution status of the water body into different levels based on the pollution index and specific water quality standards. Typically, pollution levels are divided into several grades, such as excellent, good, moderate, and poor, to describe the degree of pollution and whether the water body is suitable for ecological or human use. For example, based on the pollution index calculation, if the pollution index is 75, according to national water quality standards, the water body may be classified as "poor," indicating that the water body is severely polluted and the water quality is unsuitable for drinking or the normal operation of the ecosystem.

[0056] In this embodiment, the preset pollution index threshold refers to a standard or critical value of the pollution index set in advance during water body monitoring. When the pollution index of the water body exceeds this threshold, the system will automatically issue a water quality warning, indicating that the water pollution has reached a dangerous level and further treatment measures are needed. For example, suppose the preset pollution index threshold is 80. When the pollution index of a river is detected to be 85, the system will trigger an early warning mechanism to remind relevant personnel that the water quality of the area does not meet the standards and pollution treatment measures are needed.

[0057] In this embodiment, a pollution decomposition plan refers to specific measures developed to decompose pollution and improve water quality in response to specific water pollution conditions, based on the identification and assessment of pollutants. The plan typically tailors decomposition methods according to the type and concentration of pollutants and the characteristics of the water body, such as the introduction of biodegradable agents or the use of physicochemical treatment methods. For example, in monitoring a lake, high levels of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were detected, with a pollution index of 90, classifying the water body as severely polluted. In this case, the pollution decomposition plan might include biological purification (such as using floating aquatic plants), the introduction of adsorbents, or the use of constructed wetlands to decompose harmful substances in the water and gradually improve water quality.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By monitoring water body data in real time and analyzing dynamic pollution index, accurate assessment and early warning of pollution can be achieved. Compared with existing technologies, through the collaborative work of multiple modules, it can not only identify pollutants in a timely manner, but also intelligently divide pollution decomposition areas according to pollution levels. Combined with decomposition coefficient assessment, personalized pollution control plans can be formulated, realizing real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of water quality. This significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of water body treatment, reduces the lag and human error in traditional methods, and effectively improves the ecological environment of rivers and lakes.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including a data acquisition module:

[0061] Feature determination unit: Acquire and analyze the geographical information of river and lake water bodies, and then determine the water flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of river and lake water bodies;

[0062] Scope Determination Unit: Based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a pre-set diffusion model, determine the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies;

[0063] Feature analysis unit: Based on water flow characteristics and the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies, several key monitoring points are identified;

[0064] Network construction unit: Based on key data of a preset type, determine several preset sensors and deploy the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network;

[0065] Data monitoring unit: Based on a sensor monitoring network, it monitors key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies in real time.

[0066] In this embodiment, determining the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a preset diffusion model involves using a diffusion model to predict the diffusion path and concentration distribution of pollutants in the water body. For example, for a factory discharge outlet located upstream of a river, the diffusion model predicts the diffusion distance and concentration changes of pollutants in the river to determine its impact range.

[0067] In this embodiment, several key monitoring points are determined based on water flow characteristics and the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies. The water flow path is determined based on water flow characteristics. A series of sensors are set up along the main water flow line to monitor the migration and diffusion of pollutants. Downstream of the pollution source and within its influence range, sensors are densely deployed to monitor real-time changes in pollutant concentration. In areas with drastic water flow changes, such as tributary confluences, bends, and eddies, sensors are set up to capture dynamic changes in water flow and quality. In ecologically sensitive areas, such as wetlands and aquatic habitats, sensors are set up to monitor changes in the ecological environment. For example, in a section of a river where multiple factory discharge outlets and tributaries flow into, sensors are set up downstream of each discharge outlet, at tributary confluences, and in ecologically sensitive areas based on analysis results, forming a complete monitoring network. Sensor spacing is optimized: considering the spatial variation of monitoring parameters and the monitoring accuracy of the sensors, the spacing between sensors is optimized. For parameters that change drastically, such as pollutant concentrations near pollution sources, the sensor spacing is appropriately reduced; for parameters that change relatively slowly, such as water temperature far from pollution sources, the sensor spacing is appropriately increased. At the same time, it avoids mutual interference between sensors, ensuring that each sensor can collect data independently and accurately.

[0068] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By accurately analyzing water flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics through feature determination units, and combining this with diffusion models to determine the impact range of pollution sources, key monitoring points can be intelligently selected. By constructing an efficient sensor monitoring network, real-time monitoring of key water body data is achieved, which not only improves the accuracy of pollution source location but also enhances the real-time nature and comprehensiveness of monitoring data, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of water pollution control.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including an index analysis module, comprising:

[0071] Index determination unit: Determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data;

[0072] Interval Determination Unit: Based on the preset pollution level classification standard, several pollution index intervals are determined, and each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level;

[0073] Pollution level determination unit: Determine the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices;

[0074] Data Analysis Unit: Analyzes monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters and identifies all key influencing parameters as major pollutants.

[0075] In this embodiment, determining several pollution index intervals based on preset pollution level classification standards involves dividing the pollution index values ​​into multiple different intervals, each representing a specific pollution level. Pollution level standards are generally set according to the environmental requirements and governance objectives of the water body, such as levels ranging from "excellent" to "poor". Determining each pollution index interval helps to more precisely assess water quality in order to take appropriate governance measures. For example, suppose the pollution level standards set in the system are as follows: Excellent: Pollution index ≤ 20; Good: 20 < Pollution index ≤ 50; Medium: 50 < Pollution index ≤ 80; Poor: Pollution index > 80. If the monitoring results show that the pollution index of a river is 55, then according to the preset standards, the pollution level of the water body is "medium".

[0076] In this embodiment, key influencing parameters refer to the factors that play a decisive role in the water pollution assessment process. These parameters have a significant impact on the pollution status of water bodies, and by monitoring and analyzing these parameters, the pollution sources and types of water bodies can be accurately identified. Key influencing parameters typically include important water quality indicators such as ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), which are core factors affecting water health and ecological balance. For example, in a water pollution analysis, the system monitored an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 4 mg / L, a total phosphorus concentration of 0.6 mg / L, and a COD concentration of 35 mg / L. In this example, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and COD are key influencing parameters because they directly affect the pollution level and ecological health status of the water body. These parameters will be considered as major pollutants, helping to identify pollution sources and develop remediation plans.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By accurately analyzing the monitoring data through the index analysis module, the water pollution status can be quickly and accurately assessed. Through multi-unit collaboration, multiple pollution indices are first determined based on the monitoring data, and then these indices are divided into different intervals to facilitate the determination of the water pollution level according to the preset pollution level standards. By identifying key influencing parameters through data analysis and using them as the main pollution factors, the formulation of treatment plans can be effectively guided, improving the accuracy and timeliness of pollution assessment and enhancing the efficiency and pertinence of water quality treatment.

[0078] Example 4:

[0079] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including an index determination unit, comprising:

[0080] Area determination subunit: Several monitoring areas are determined based on monitoring points and preset ranges;

[0081] Data processing subunit; standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods;

[0082] Index Determination Sub-unit: Determine the pollution index for each monitoring area based on standardized monitoring data;

[0083]

[0084] Among them, I i Let C be the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j T represents the standardized concentration of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j p is the standardized concentration threshold of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j F is the preset sensitivity coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j Let n be the preset environmental correlation coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i Let I be the number of pollutant types in the i-th monitoring area. i,jk I is a preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of pollutant j and pollutant k in the i-th monitoring area. i,j I is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists. i,k The preset pollution index reference value is the one for the i-th monitoring area where only the k-th pollutant exists.

[0085] In this embodiment, the preset sensitivity coefficient refers to a preset value for the degree of impact of a specific pollutant on the aquatic ecological environment in the pollution index calculation. This coefficient reflects the harmfulness of a certain pollutant to water quality and ecosystem in a specific aquatic environment. The sensitivity coefficients may differ for different pollutants, and are usually set based on the pollutant's toxicity, diffusion, and potential impact on aquatic organisms. For example, in a certain river, ammonia nitrogen is considered to have high toxicity to aquatic organisms, so a higher sensitivity coefficient, such as 1.5, is set for ammonia nitrogen. For total phosphorus, a lower sensitivity coefficient, such as 1.0, is set, indicating that its impact on the ecosystem is less severe. Thus, in the pollution index calculation, ammonia nitrogen will have a greater impact on water pollution assessment than total phosphorus.

[0086] In this embodiment, the preset environmental correlation coefficient refers to a coefficient that measures the degree of influence of a certain pollutant on environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and pH value in a specific aquatic environment. This coefficient is used to adjust the toxicity or influence of pollutants under different environmental conditions, because changes in environmental conditions can affect the diffusion, deposition, and negative impacts on the ecosystem of pollutants. For example, suppose in a lake, when the water temperature is high, some pollutants (such as total nitrogen) decompose faster, resulting in a reduction in their harm to the water body. Therefore, the environmental correlation coefficient set for total nitrogen in this lake may be lower than 1.0, such as 0.8; while in winter when the water temperature is low, the degradation rate of total nitrogen slows down, and it may be necessary to adjust the environmental correlation coefficient to 1.2 to reflect the different impacts of environmental changes on pollutants.

[0087] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By accurately assessing pollution through multiple sub-units of the index determination unit, it offers significant advantages over existing technologies. Based on monitoring point data, preset ranges, and standardized data processing methods, it scientifically determines the pollution index for each monitoring area. By setting preset sensitivity coefficients and environmental correlation coefficients, it effectively improves the accuracy of pollutant impact assessment on water bodies. With preset reference values ​​for different pollutant combinations, the system can flexibly respond to complex pollution situations, achieving more accurate pollution assessments, optimizing the formulation of treatment plans, and improving the effectiveness and timeliness of water quality treatment.

[0088] Example 5:

[0089] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including a water quality early warning module, comprising:

[0090] Level determination unit: The warning level of each monitoring area is determined based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and the preset pollution index threshold;

[0091] Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-method database, obtain the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issue water quality early warnings.

[0092] In this embodiment, the warning levels are set as follows: a light pollution threshold of 50, a moderate pollution threshold of 100, a heavy pollution threshold of 200, and an extreme pollution threshold of 300. Warning judgment involves comparing the pollution index with a preset threshold. If the pollution index reaches or exceeds a certain threshold, a water quality warning of the corresponding level is triggered.

[0093] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The water quality early warning module can effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of water quality monitoring and early warning. Compared with the existing technology, it can automatically determine the early warning level based on the pollution index and preset threshold of each monitoring area, and obtain the corresponding water quality early warning scheme from the preset level-method database according to the early warning level. This enables early identification and accurate early warning of water pollution, timely implementation of corresponding measures to prevent further deterioration of pollution, thereby effectively protecting the aquatic ecological environment and improving the efficiency of water quality management and pollution control.

[0094] Example 6:

[0095] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including a coefficient evaluation module, comprising:

[0096] First regional determination unit: Based on the water quality early warning results, determine the early warning level of each monitoring area, and identify the monitoring areas that exceed the preset early warning level threshold as the main pollution areas;

[0097] The second defining unit of the region: the main pollution area is defined as the main decomposition area, and the adjacent areas of the main pollution area are defined as the secondary decomposition areas.

[0098] In this embodiment, the primary decomposition area refers to the area identified as the most severely polluted in water pollution control. These areas are key areas for water quality management due to their high pollution index and warning levels exceeding preset thresholds. In these areas, pollutant concentrations are high, posing a significant threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, priority should be given to treatment measures such as enhancing pollutant degradation and improving water quality. For example, if a water quality warning module assesses a river and finds that the pollution index in a certain area exceeds a preset threshold and the pollution is severe, this area is identified as the "primary decomposition area," requiring greater investment of treatment resources, such as bioremediation and physicochemical treatment, to reduce pollution and restore ecological functions.

[0099] In this embodiment, secondary decomposition areas refer to regions adjacent to primary decomposition areas where pollution is relatively light but still present to some extent. Although these areas have lower pollution levels, they may still be affected by the diffusion of pollutants from the primary decomposition area. Therefore, after the primary decomposition area is treated, certain treatment measures need to be taken to prevent the spread and further deterioration of pollution. For example, continuing with a river as an example, some adjacent areas around the primary decomposition area have low pollution indices but still have some pollution. In this case, these adjacent areas are designated as "secondary decomposition areas," and mild pollution control measures may be taken, such as local purification and enhanced water flow, to ensure that the effects of the primary decomposition area treatment are not affected by the pollution in the secondary decomposition areas.

[0100] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The coefficient evaluation module enables the effective utilization of water quality early warning results, accurately delineating major pollution areas and adjacent areas. Compared with existing technologies, automatic judgment based on water quality early warning levels ensures that severely polluted areas are promptly identified and designated as primary decomposition areas for priority pollution control. Simultaneously, by delineating secondary decomposition areas, treatment resources are rationally planned, preventing pollution spread and improving the targeting and efficiency of pollution control. This contributes to more refined and dynamic water body ecological protection, enhancing the effectiveness of pollution control.

[0101] Example 7:

[0102] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, including a coefficient evaluation module, and further comprising:

[0103] Parameter acquisition unit: Acquires pollution-related parameters and environmental-related parameters for each pollution decomposition zone;

[0104] Data processing unit: Standardizes the pollution level of the water body, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone;

[0105] Coefficient Determination Unit: Based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and the environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is determined.

[0106]

[0107] Among them, K n L is the decomposition coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition zone. n C represents the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition zone. hn C represents the concentration of the h-th major pollutant within the n-th pollution decomposition region. h0 The preset initial background concentration of the h-th major pollutant, M is the number of major pollutant types, v n T is the velocity coefficient of the water flow. n E is the water temperature coefficient. n A represents the ecosystem health coefficient. n D is the area coefficient of the region. n-adj Let D be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth primary pollution decomposition region. n-main Let r be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth pollution principal decomposition region, excluding the nth pollution principal decomposition region. n-adjThe water flow connectivity coefficient is the nth pollution main decomposition region; the pollution decomposition region includes a main decomposition region and a secondary decomposition region. The main decomposition region is the main pollution region that exceeds the preset warning level threshold, as determined based on the water quality warning results. The secondary decomposition region is the region adjacent to the main decomposition region.

[0108] In this embodiment, the preset initial background concentration refers to the natural background concentration of a certain pollutant in a specific area under the condition of no external pollution source interference. This value is usually derived from historical data, environmental monitoring, and ecological studies, and represents the "natural" concentration level of the pollutant. It is used to compare with actual monitoring data to assess the extent of pollutant exceedance. For example, assuming the initial background concentration of a certain pollutant (such as ammonia nitrogen) in the main decomposition zone of a river is 0.5 mg / L, this means that the natural concentration of ammonia nitrogen in this area is 0.5 mg / L under the condition of no pollution source. If the ammonia nitrogen concentration in this area is monitored to be 1.5 mg / L, it exceeds the initial background concentration, indicating that the pollution is relatively serious.

[0109] In this embodiment, the flow velocity coefficient refers to the degree to which water flow velocity affects the diffusion, sedimentation, and degradation of pollutants. Higher flow velocities result in faster pollutant diffusion; conversely, slower flow velocities may lead to localized pollutant accumulation. This coefficient is typically used to adjust pollutant diffusion models in water bodies to more accurately assess pollutant distribution. For example, in a certain river section, a flow velocity coefficient of 2.0 indicates a faster flow velocity and therefore faster pollutant diffusion in that area. In an adjacent area, however, a flow velocity coefficient of 1.0 indicates slower pollutant diffusion, leading to different impacts on pollution control.

[0110] In this embodiment, the area coefficient refers to the impact of the monitoring area's size on the pollutant decomposition rate. Larger areas may require more time and resources for pollution control because pollutant decomposition is limited by the area's size. This coefficient helps adjust for the difficulty of pollution control in different areas. For example:

[0111] If a pollution decomposition zone has an area index of 1.5, it indicates that the zone is relatively large, and therefore the pollutant decomposition rate is slow, requiring more remediation measures and resource investment. Conversely, if the zone is smaller, the area index might be 1.0, indicating that pollution remediation is relatively easier.

[0112] In this embodiment, the water flow connectivity coefficient reflects the degree of connectivity between different areas of a water body. This coefficient measures the exchange of water flow between different areas and affects the diffusion and spread of pollutants in the water body. If the water flow connectivity is strong, pollutants are more likely to spread between different areas, increasing the difficulty of treatment; conversely, if the connectivity is weak, pollutants may accumulate in localized areas. For example:

[0113] Suppose that in a body of water, a polluted decomposition zone has strong water connectivity with other zones, with a connectivity coefficient of 1.8. This means that pollutants can easily spread from this zone to neighboring areas. If the water connectivity is poor, the coefficient may be 1.0, indicating that the impact of pollutants in that zone is more limited, and remediation may be more concentrated.

[0114] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By acquiring pollution-related and environmentally relevant parameters and standardizing them according to the water pollution level, the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone can be accurately calculated. The system considers multiple factors, such as pollutant concentration, flow velocity, water temperature, ecosystem health, and area, to ensure that treatment measures are more targeted. By dynamically adjusting the decomposition coefficient of the polluted area, the treatment efficiency is effectively improved, resource waste is reduced, and different pollution scenarios can be addressed more precisely, enhancing the sustainability of water quality restoration and the treatment effect.

[0115] Example 8:

[0116] This invention provides a river and lake water ecological management system, whose main pollutants include: physical pollutants, chemical pollutants, and biological pollutants.

[0117] In this embodiment, physical pollutants include: Suspended solids (SS): Particulate matter such as silt, clay, organic matter, and microorganisms in the water, which makes the water turbid and reduces its transparency. Excessive suspended solids content can affect the photosynthesis of aquatic plants, hinder sunlight penetration into the water, and consequently affect the energy flow and material cycle of the entire aquatic ecosystem. For example, in rivers with severe soil erosion, large amounts of silt enter the water, making the river water extremely turbid and affecting the living environment of fish and other aquatic organisms. Thermal pollution: Primarily originates from cooling water discharged during industrial production. The discharge of high-temperature wastewater into rivers and lakes raises the water temperature and reduces the dissolved oxygen content. This is because the solubility of oxygen in water decreases when the water temperature rises. Simultaneously, high temperatures accelerate the metabolic rate of microorganisms, consuming more dissolved oxygen and threatening the survival of aquatic organisms. For example, in some rivers and lakes near thermal power plants, the discharge of large amounts of hot water causes localized temperature increases, which may lead to the death of some temperature-sensitive aquatic organisms.

[0118] In this embodiment, chemical pollutants include aerobic organic matter such as carbohydrates, proteins, oils, and lignin, which consume large amounts of dissolved oxygen when decomposed by microorganisms in water. If the content of aerobic organic matter in water is too high, it will lead to oxygen deficiency, causing water quality deterioration, producing foul odors, and affecting the survival of aquatic organisms. Domestic sewage and industrial wastewater from food processing and papermaking typically contain large amounts of aerobic organic matter. For example, untreated domestic sewage discharged into rivers will increase the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the river water, leading to oxygen deficiency and causing the death of aquatic organisms such as fish. Plant nutrients mainly refer to elements such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), commonly in the form of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N). - -N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2) -Nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (TP) are also present. Excessive plant nutrients entering water bodies can lead to eutrophication, promoting the proliferation of algae and other plankton, resulting in algal blooms or red tides. The decomposition of dead algae consumes large amounts of dissolved oxygen, causing oxygen depletion in the water and potentially producing toxins that harm aquatic life and human health. Agricultural non-point source pollution, domestic sewage discharge, and certain industrial wastewater are major sources of plant nutrients in water bodies. For example, in some lakes, the extensive use of chemical fertilizers in surrounding farmland leads to nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients flowing into the lakes via surface runoff, causing severe eutrophication. Heavy metals such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As) are highly toxic, difficult to degrade in the environment, and can accumulate in organisms. Heavy metals enter water bodies through industrial wastewater discharge, mining, and landfills, posing serious threats to aquatic life and human health. For example, mercury accumulates in aquatic organisms and is passed through the food chain, ultimately harming the human nervous and immune systems; cadmium damages the kidneys and bones. Recalcitrant organic pollutants include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (such as DDT and HCH), and polyphenylene chloride (PCBs). These organic compounds are chemically stable, difficult for microorganisms to decompose, and can persist in the environment for extended periods. They possess biotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity, accumulate in organisms, and pose a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Industrial production and waste incineration are major sources of recalcitrant organic pollutants. For example, PAHs are a class of highly carcinogenic organic compounds, frequently detected in rivers and lakes polluted by industry. Biological pollutants include pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, primarily originating from domestic sewage, hospital wastewater, and livestock and poultry wastewater. Once in water bodies, pathogenic microorganisms can spread various diseases, endangering human health. For example, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, and hepatitis A virus can all spread diseases through polluted water bodies. In some areas with poor sanitation, untreated domestic sewage is directly discharged into rivers and lakes, leading to a large proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in the water and increasing the risk of disease transmission. Invasive alien species, once introduced into rivers and lakes, can disrupt the original ecological balance and harm native organisms. For example, water hyacinth is an invasive aquatic plant with a strong reproductive capacity. In suitable environments, it grows and spreads rapidly, covering the water surface, blocking sunlight and oxygen from entering the water, affecting the photosynthesis of aquatic plants and the survival of aquatic animals, and also impacting flood control and navigation in waterways.

[0119] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By comprehensively considering physical, chemical, and biological pollutants, it enables more accurate assessment and treatment of water pollution. Compared with existing technologies, the system does not rely solely on the assessment of a single pollutant but comprehensively considers multiple pollution types, ensuring comprehensive coverage and in-depth analysis of water pollution. Physical pollutants such as suspended solids and sediments, chemical pollutants such as heavy metals and harmful chemicals, and biological pollutants such as harmful microorganisms in water can all be reasonably assessed and treated, thereby providing a scientific basis for water quality restoration, improving the effectiveness of water body ecological governance, and reducing the blind spots and waste of resources in pollution control.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river and lake water ecological management system, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module: Real-time monitoring of key data for preset types of river and lake water bodies based on preset sensors; Index analysis module: Based on monitoring data, determine the pollution index, and then determine the pollution level and main pollutants of the water body; Water quality early warning module: Provides water quality early warning based on the pollution index and preset pollution index thresholds; Coefficient evaluation module: Based on the water quality early warning results, several pollution decomposition zones are identified, and then the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is obtained and evaluated in combination with the pollution level of the water body; Solution determination module: Determines pollution decomposition schemes based on assessment results and major pollutants; The coefficient evaluation module also includes: Parameter acquisition unit: Acquires pollution-related parameters and environmental-related parameters for each pollution decomposition zone; Data processing unit: Standardizes the pollution level of the water body, pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone; Coefficient Determination Unit: Based on the pollution level of the water body after standardization, the pollution-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, and the environmental-related parameters of each pollution decomposition zone, the decomposition coefficient of each pollution decomposition zone is determined. Among them, K n L is the decomposition coefficient of the nth pollution decomposition zone. n C represents the water pollution level corresponding to the nth pollution decomposition zone. hn C represents the concentration of the h-th major pollutant within the n-th pollution decomposition region. h0 The preset initial background concentration of the h-th major pollutant, M is the number of major pollutant species, v n T is the velocity coefficient of the water flow. n E is the water temperature coefficient. n A represents the ecosystem health coefficient. n D is the area coefficient of the region. n-adj Let D be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth primary pollution decomposition region. n-majn Let r be the average pollution index of the adjacent secondary decomposition regions of the nth pollution principal decomposition region, excluding the nth pollution principal decomposition region. n-adj The water flow connectivity coefficient is the nth pollution main decomposition region; the pollution decomposition region includes a main decomposition region and a secondary decomposition region. The main decomposition region is the main pollution region that exceeds the preset warning level threshold, as determined based on the water quality warning results. The secondary decomposition region is the region adjacent to the main decomposition region.

2. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes: Feature determination unit: Acquire and analyze the geographical information of river and lake water bodies, and then determine the water flow characteristics and pollution source characteristics of river and lake water bodies; Scope Determination Unit: Based on pollution source characteristics, water flow characteristics, and a pre-set diffusion model, determine the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies; Feature analysis unit: Based on water flow characteristics and the impact range of each pollution source on river and lake water bodies, several key monitoring points are identified; Network construction unit: Based on key data of a preset type, determine several preset sensors and deploy the corresponding preset sensors at each key monitoring point to build a sensor monitoring network; Data monitoring unit: Based on a sensor monitoring network, it monitors key data of preset types of river and lake water bodies in real time.

3. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The index analysis module includes: Index determination unit: Determines several pollution indices based on monitoring data; Interval Determination Unit: Based on the preset pollution level classification standard, several pollution index intervals are determined, and each pollution index interval corresponds to a pollution level; Pollution level determination unit: Determine the pollution level of river and lake water bodies based on all pollution indices; Data Analysis Unit: Analyzes monitoring data to determine several key influencing parameters and identifies all key influencing parameters as major pollutants.

4. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The index determination unit includes: Area determination subunit: Several monitoring areas are determined based on monitoring points and preset ranges; Data processing subunit; standardizes monitoring data based on preset data processing methods; Index Determination Sub-unit: Determine the pollution index for each monitoring area based on standardized monitoring data; Among them, I i Let C be the pollution index of the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j T represents the standardized concentration of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. pollutant,i,j p is the standardized concentration threshold of the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j F is the preset sensitivity coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i,j Let n be the preset environmental correlation coefficient for the j-th pollutant in the i-th monitoring area. i Let I be the number of pollutant species in the i-th monitoring area. i,jk I is a preset pollution index reference value for the simultaneous presence of pollutant j and pollutant k in the i-th monitoring area. i,j I is the preset pollution index reference value for the i-th monitoring area where only the j-th pollutant exists. i,k The preset pollution index reference value is the one for the i-th monitoring area where only the k-th pollutant exists.

5. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality early warning module includes: Level determination unit: The warning level of each monitoring area is determined based on the pollution index of each monitoring area and the preset pollution index threshold; Water quality early warning unit: Based on the early warning level of each monitoring area and the preset level-method database, obtain the corresponding water quality early warning plan and issue water quality early warnings.

6. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coefficient evaluation module includes: First regional determination unit: Based on the water quality early warning results, determine the early warning level of each monitoring area, and identify the monitoring areas that exceed the preset early warning level threshold as the main pollution areas; The second defining unit of the region: the main pollution area is defined as the main decomposition area, and the adjacent areas of the main pollution area are defined as the secondary decomposition areas.

7. The river and lake water ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main pollutants include: physical pollutants, chemical pollutants, and biological pollutants.

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