Transposed electrical conductor and bushing

Abstract

There is provided a transposed electrical conductor (2) for power transfer of a voltage of at least 1 kV, the transposed electrical conductor (2) having at least two electrical conductors (1), the electrical conductors (1) comprising a first electrical conductor (6) and a second electrical conductor (7), each of the at least two electrical conductors (1) comprising at least two partial conductors, the at least two partial conductors comprise a first partial conductor (3) and a second partial conductor (4), the second partial conductor (4) is a hollow cylinder, the first partial conductor (3) is arranged in the hollow cylinder, and the first electrical conductor (6) and the second electrical conductor (7) are electrically connected through a connecting part (8). And the thickness (d2) of the second part conductor is at most 90% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a transposed electrical conductor and a bushing for power transmission. Background Art

[0002] Typically, ohmic losses in the outer partial conductor of a conventional electrical conductor forming a conventional transposed conductor are caused not only by the alternating current AC flowing in this partial conductor and by all eddy currents in this partial conductor generated by the current in this partial conductor itself, which contributes to the so-called skin effect, but additional losses are caused by eddy currents induced in this partial conductor by the magnetic field generated by the current flowing in all the partial conductors located inside this partial conductor. This phenomenon is known as the proximity effect.

[0003] These losses reduce the power transmission in such conventional transposed electrical conductors. Specifically, the operating current transmitted through conventional transposed electrical conductors is limited by the heat generated by ohmic losses, which are proportional to the AC resistance of the portion of the conductor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a transposed electrical conductor having improved power transmission. Further embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a bushing including such an electrical conductor.

[0005] For example, the transposed electrical conductor is part of a bushing, a cable terminal, a circuit breaker, a switch, a disconnector etc. or a current bar.

[0006] According to one embodiment, the transposed electrical conductor is configured for electrical power transmission at a voltage of at least 1 kV. Therefore, the term "power" herein and hereinafter refers, for example, to power transmission suitable for handling voltages above 1 kV and / or currents above 250 A, above 500 A (e.g., voltages up to 1200 kV and / or currents above 1000 A).

[0007] According to an embodiment, the transposed electrical conductor comprises at least two electrical conductors, the at least two electrical conductors comprising a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. For example, the at least two electrical conductors are arranged one after the other along a main extension direction of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0008] In particular, the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor are arranged alongside each other along a main extension direction of the transposed electrical conductor, wherein the main extension direction of the respective electrical conductor is arranged in the main extension direction of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, each of the at least two electrical conductors comprises at least two partial conductors. Exemplarily, each of the electrical conductors comprises a plurality of partial conductors. Each of the partial conductors is configured to transmit current.

[0010] Specifically, the conductors are each formed of the same material. The material of the conductors includes a conductive material. Specifically, the conductive material includes or consists of a non-magnetic metal, such as at least one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, and an aluminum alloy.

[0011] For example, the conductor sections of one electrical conductor each extend along a main extension direction of the one electrical conductor.At least two conductors, in particular all conductors, have the same length along the main extension direction.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the at least two partial conductors comprise a first partial conductor and a second partial conductor. For example, each electrical conductor comprises only two partial conductors.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the second conductor section is a hollow cylinder. Exemplarily, the hollow cylinder is defined by an inner radius, an outer radius, and a height. The height of the hollow cylinder corresponds to the length of the corresponding conductor section. Specifically, the inner radius is smaller than the outer radius, and the height extends along a common cylindrical axis. The common cylindrical axis extends along the main extension direction of the electrical conductor.

[0014] For example, the shell of the hollow cylinder is formed from corresponding partial conductors, specifically, the second partial conductor. Exemplarily, the shell of the hollow cylinder includes an inner surface corresponding to the inner radius and an outer surface corresponding to the outer radius. The inner surface and the outer surface extend along a common cylindrical axis, specifically, completely along the height. The inner surface faces the common cylindrical axis, and the outer surface faces away from the common cylindrical axis. The inner surface and the outer surface specifically completely surround the common cylindrical axis, thereby enclosing the hollow space.

[0015] For example, the hollow cylindrical shell further includes a first annular base and a second annular base disposed opposite each other along a common cylindrical axis. Specifically, the first annular base and the second annular base are perpendicular to the common cylindrical axis. Furthermore, when viewed along the common cylindrical axis, the first annular base and the second annular base completely overlap.

[0016] For example, due to manufacturing tolerances, a corresponding partial conductor, which is a hollow cylinder, may deviate from the shape of a hollow cylinder. That is, the cross section perpendicular to the common cylindrical axis of the housing is generally circular. "Generally circular" here and below may mean that the cross section perpendicular to the common cylindrical axis of the partial conductor may deviate from the circular shape by at most 5% or at most 1%.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the first partial conductor is arranged in a hollow cylinder, that is, the first partial conductor is arranged in a hollow space of the second partial conductor.

[0018] For example, the shell of the second conductor portion completely surrounds the first conductor portion. Specifically, the outer surface of the first conductor portion faces the inner surface of the second conductor portion.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor arrangement, the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor are electrically connected via a connection portion. Specifically, the connection portion is configured to transfer current from the first electrical conductor to the second electrical conductor.

[0020] Specifically, the connecting portion comprises a conductive material. Exemplarily, the conductive material comprises or is composed of a non-magnetic metal, such as at least one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, or an aluminum alloy. The connecting portion may be made of the same material as the electrical conductor, or may comprise or be composed of a different material than the electrical conductor.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the thickness of the second portion of the conductor is at most 90% of a skin depth at an operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0022] Each of the partial conductors of the transposed electrical conductor is configured to carry an alternating current AC and / or a direct current DC having an AC component. Skin depth δ s The definition is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] where ρ is the resistivity of the corresponding portion of the conductor, f is the frequency of the operating AC current of the transposed electrical conductor and thus of the corresponding portion of the conductor or the frequency of the AC component of the operating current, μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, and μ r is the relative magnetic permeability of the corresponding portion of the conductor. For example, for non-magnetic materials, μ r Approximately 1.

[0025] In particular, the thickness is defined in a radial direction to the common cylinder axis.

[0026] In summary, this approach can provide the following advantages, among others. When the thickness of the second partial conductor is at most 90% of the corresponding skin depth, the rated current can be increased compared to conventional transposed electrical conductors, which typically have greater wall thicknesses. Additionally or alternatively, the second partial conductor, having a thickness of at most 90% of the corresponding skin depth—while having the same rated current as a conventional transposed electrical conductor—can be smaller due to the reduced thickness. This advantageously reduces material costs. Furthermore, using this second partial conductor, it is possible to replace copper with aluminum in the partial conductor without changing the diameter.

[0027] Exemplarily, in such a transposed electrical conductor, at least two electrical conductors (exemplarily of equal length) are connected by a connecting portion. Each of the two electrical conductors includes at least two partial conductors electrically insulated from each other. The partial conductors are typically arranged concentrically, with the innermost partial conductor being the first partial conductor and the outermost partial conductor being the second partial conductor.

[0028] The connection portion commutates the current in the partial conductors so that the current flows from the innermost partial conductor of the first conductor to the outermost partial conductor of the second conductor, and vice versa. For example, at each of the two ends of the transposed electrical conductor, all the partial conductors are electrically connected to each other so that the total current flowing into the transposed conductor can be distributed among all the partial conductors.

[0029] The connector and the conductors are illustratively arranged so that current flowing from one end of the transposed conductor to its other end passes approximately the same distance through the differently positioned partial conductors. For example, in a transposed conductor having two partial conductors, each of equal lengths connected by a connector, current flowing into the innermost partial conductor of the first conductor is commutated to the outermost partial conductor of the second conductor, and vice versa. In this manner, a portion of the current entering the innermost partial conductor at the first end flows through half the length of the transposed conductor through the innermost partial conductor and the remaining half through the outermost partial conductor. The same is true for the current entering the outermost partial conductor of the first conductor. Because the properties of these two current paths are identical, the total current flowing through the transposed conductor is divided into two approximately equal portions: one current path includes the innermost partial conductor of the first conductor and the outermost partial conductor of the second conductor, and the second current path includes the innermost partial conductor of the second conductor, and vice versa.

[0030] With the transposed conductor described herein, due to the specific wall thickness, the current it can carry can be increased by about 30% compared to conventional transposed conductors. In addition, the overload capacity of the transposed conductor described herein is also improved.

[0031] Conversely, if the thickness exceeds 90% of the corresponding skin depth typically used in conventional transposed electrical conductors, this leads to a significant increase in losses, while also increasing material weight and consumption.

[0032] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the first conductor portion is a solid cylinder. In contrast to the hollow cylinder described above, the solid cylinder does not have a hollow space. Specifically, the solid cylinder is a block cylinder.

[0033] Exemplarily, the solid cylinder is defined by a radius and a height. The height of the solid cylinder corresponds to the length of the first conductor portion, wherein the height extends along the common cylinder axis.

[0034] For example, the solid cylinder further comprises a first base and a second base arranged opposite to each other along a common cylindrical axis. Specifically, the first base and the second base are perpendicular to the common cylindrical axis.

[0035] For example, due to manufacturing tolerances, the first conductor section may deviate from the shape of a solid cylinder.That is, the cross section of the first conductor section perpendicular to the common cylindrical axis is generally circular.

[0036] For example, the body of a solid cylinder is formed by a first portion of the conductor, which comprises an outer surface corresponding to the radius. The outer surface of the solid cylinder extends along the common cylinder axis, in particular, completely along the height.

[0037] Specifically, the outer surface of the solid cylinder of the first conductor portion faces the inner surface of the hollow cylinder of the second conductor portion. Specifically, the outer surface of the solid cylinder of the first conductor portion is radially spaced apart from the inner surface of the hollow cylinder of the second conductor portion by a first gap.

[0038] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the first conductor portion is a hollow cylinder. Specifically, an outer surface of the hollow cylinder of the first conductor portion faces an inner surface of the hollow cylinder of the second conductor portion. Specifically, the outer surface of the hollow cylinder of the first conductor portion is radially spaced apart from the inner surface of the hollow cylinder of the second conductor portion by a first gap.

[0039] The first gap is illustratively configured to electrically insulate the first conductor portion from the second conductor portion. For example, the first gap may include an electrically insulating material. Specifically, the electrically insulating material is completely arranged in the first gap.

[0040] According to another embodiment of the transposed conductors, the first and second conductors have substantially the same length. "Substantially the same length" as used herein and hereinafter refers to the conductors, specifically all conductors, having the same length, with the lengths not varying by more than 1% from one another. Due to these lengths, the current distribution within each of the conductors is equal to one another.

[0041] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the thickness of the second portion of the conductor is at most 80% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0042] The AC resistance of the virtual second partial conductor as a hollow cylinder can be calculated depending on the thickness of the virtual second partial conductor. The calculated AC resistance exemplarily has a local minimum. Specifically, the minimum in the AC resistance corresponds to a thickness of the virtual second partial conductor of approximately 80% of the skin depth. This thickness of the virtual second partial conductor exemplarily corresponds to an AC resistance factor of the virtual second partial conductor of less than approximately 1.3. The AC resistance factor is understood as the ratio of the losses of the AC current flowing in the partial conductor to the losses of the DC current flowing in the partial conductor with an amplitude equal to the effective amplitude of the AC current. The results for the calculated virtual second partial conductor can be applied one by one to the second partial conductor. In this way, the losses can be significantly reduced in the transposed electrical conductor, which advantageously has reduced mass and material consumption.

[0043] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the thickness of the second portion of the conductor is at least 50% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0044] Typically, while maintaining the same cross-sectional area of the second conductor section, employing a thinner second conductor section requires increasing the conductor's outer diameter. However, the benefit of a slightly lower AC resistivity cannot offset the associated disadvantages of increasing the overall transposed conductor diameter, material consumption, and mass. However, utilizing a second conductor section thickness of at least 50% can advantageously mitigate these aforementioned disadvantages.

[0045] That is, when the thickness of the second portion conductor is at least 50% and at most 90%, in particular 80%, of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor, the AC losses are advantageously very low while also saving material costs.

[0046] According to another embodiment of the transposed conductor, each of the at least two conductors comprises at least three partial conductors, wherein the at least three partial conductors additionally comprise a third partial conductor, that is, each conductor comprises a first partial conductor, a second partial conductor, and a third partial conductor.

[0047] A transposed electrical conductor having three partial conductors (an innermost partial conductor (i.e., a first partial conductor), a middle partial conductor (i.e., a second partial conductor), and an outermost partial conductor (i.e., a third partial conductor)) is constructed from at least three conductors of approximately equal length and two connecting portions connecting these conductors. Three current paths are formed in this type of conductor: one path includes the innermost partial conductor of the first conductor, the middle partial conductor of the second conductor, and the outermost partial conductor of the third conductor. The other two current paths include two different arrangements of the partial conductors. At the ends of the transposed electrical conductor, the current is divided into three approximately equal parts, so that approximately one-third of the current flows through each current path.

[0048] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the third partial conductor is a hollow cylinder, and the second partial conductor is arranged within the hollow cylinder of the third partial conductor.

[0049] For example, the housing of the third conductor completely surrounds the first and second conductors. Specifically, the outer surface of the second conductor faces the inner surface of the third conductor. Specifically, a second gap is radially spaced between the outer surface of the second conductor and the inner surface of the third conductor.

[0050] The second gap is illustratively configured to electrically insulate the second conductor portion from the third conductor portion. For example, the second gap may include an electrically insulating material. Specifically, the electrically insulating material is completely disposed in the second gap.

[0051] According to further embodiments of the transposed electrical conductor, the thickness of the third portion conductor is at most 75% or at most 65% and / or at least 40% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0052] With this combination of thicknesses of the second and third partial conductors, the AC losses are advantageously very low, while material costs are saved.

[0053] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, each of the at least two electrical conductors includes at least four partial conductors, wherein the at least four partial conductors additionally include a fourth partial conductor. In other words, each electrical conductor includes a first partial conductor, a second partial conductor, a third partial conductor, and a fourth partial conductor.

[0054] Similar to the transposed electrical conductor having three partial conductors, for a transposed electrical conductor comprising four electrical conductors (each comprising four partial conductors and connected by three connecting portions), four current paths are typically formed and approximately one quarter of the total current flows through each of the sections.

[0055] Specifically, the additional losses in the second partial conductor due to the proximity effect are caused by the current flowing in the innermost partial conductor, i.e., by a current approximately equal to the value of its own current. Similarly, the additional losses in the third partial conductor are caused by a current approximately twice the value of its own current. For the fourth partial conductor, the additional losses are caused by a current approximately three times the value of its own current. Therefore, the contribution of these additional losses increases the further outward the partial conductors are positioned. However, these losses are further reduced by the proposed partial conductor thickness.

[0056] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the fourth partial conductor is a hollow cylinder, and the third partial conductor is arranged within the hollow cylinder of the fourth partial conductor.

[0057] For example, the housing of the fourth conductor completely surrounds the first, second, and third conductors. Specifically, the outer surface of the third conductor faces the inner surface of the fourth conductor. Specifically, the outer surface of the third conductor is radially spaced apart from the inner surface of the fourth conductor by a third gap.

[0058] The third gap is illustratively configured to electrically insulate the third conductor portion from the fourth conductor portion. For example, the third gap may include an electrically insulating material. Specifically, the electrically insulating material is completely disposed in the third gap.

[0059] According to further embodiments of the transposed electrical conductor, the thickness of the fourth portion conductor is at most 65% or at most 55% and / or at least 30% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0060] With this combination of thicknesses of the second, third and fourth partial conductors, the AC losses are advantageously even surprisingly lower, while saving on material costs.

[0061] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the connection electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the connection electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0062] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the connecting portion electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the connecting portion electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the third partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the connecting portion electrically connects the third partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the connecting portion electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the connecting portion electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the third partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the connecting portion electrically connects the third partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the fourth partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the connecting portion electrically connects the fourth partial conductor of the first electrical conductor with the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0064] Specifically, the transposed electrical conductor may include a plurality of electrical conductors, wherein directly adjacent electrical conductors are electrically connected via a connecting portion.

[0065] According to another embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, the connecting portion comprises at least two parts electrically insulated from each other. Specifically, the number of parts of the connecting portion is the number of partial conductors of one of the electrical conductors. Exemplarily, all parts of the connecting portion are electrically insulated from each other.

[0066] For example, if each of the electrical conductors includes a first partial conductor and a second partial conductor, the connection portion has two parts. In this case, the first part of the connection portion electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the second part of the connection portion electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0067] For example, if each of the electrical conductors includes a first partial conductor, a second partial conductor, and a third partial conductor, the connector has three parts. In this case, the first part of the connector electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the second part of the connector electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the third partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the third part of the connector electrically connects the third partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0068] For example, if each of the electrical conductors includes a first partial conductor, a second partial conductor, a third partial conductor, and a fourth partial conductor, the connector has four parts. In this case, the first part of the connector electrically connects the first partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the second partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the second part of the connector electrically connects the second partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the third partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, the third part of the connector electrically connects the third partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the fourth partial conductor of the second electrical conductor, and the fourth part of the connector electrically connects the fourth partial conductor of the first electrical conductor to the first partial conductor of the second electrical conductor.

[0069] According to a further embodiment of the transposed electrical conductor, at least one of the at least two components comprises at least two integrally formed sub-parts, whereby these sub-parts form a mechanically stable and electrically conductive connection.

[0070] According to further embodiments of the transposed electrical conductor, the length of the transposed portion of each component along the main extension direction is at most 300% and / or at least 30% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor.

[0071] By way of example, the lengths of different components in the main extension direction may differ from one another.

[0072] For example, the transposition portion of each portion of the connection portion is the portion of the connection portion that directs current from a radial position of one of the partial conductors to a radial position of a corresponding outer partial conductor or a corresponding inner partial conductor. Exemplarily, the transposition portion is the portion of the connection portion through which current flows in a substantially radial direction from a radial position of one of the partial conductors to a radial position of a corresponding outer partial conductor or a corresponding inner partial conductor, and thus the transposition portion has a length along the common cylindrical axis. Specifically, the length of the transposition portion is the length of the portion of the connection portion where current commutates from the outermost layer of the partial conductors to the innermost layer.

[0073] Typically, if the component is too short, high local current densities occur in the region of the connection. Furthermore, if the component is too long, large circulating currents are induced in the region of the connection. These effects lead to large losses in the region of the connection. However, using a component (or components) with a specified length that depends on the skin depth advantageously mitigates these drawbacks.

[0074] Further embodiments relate to a bushing having a transposed electrical conductor as described herein.Thus, features relating to the transposed electrical conductor also apply to the bushing and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] The accompanying drawings are included to provide further understanding. In the drawings, elements with the same structure and / or function may be represented by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are only illustrative and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0076] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a transposed electrical conductor having electrical conductors according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0077] Figure 2 and Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a transposed electrical conductor having electrical conductors according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0078] Figure 4 and Figure 5 are schematic views of transposed electrical conductors having electrical conductors, each according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0079] Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a transposed electrical conductor having an electrical conductor and a connecting portion according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0080] Figure 7 and Figure 8 is an exemplary schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] according to Figure 1The transposed electrical conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment comprises two electrical conductors 1 , specifically a first electrical conductor 6 and a second electrical conductor 7 . Each of the electrical conductors 1 has a first partial conductor 3 and a second partial conductor 4 .

[0082] The first conductor section 3 is a solid cylinder, and the second conductor section 4 is a hollow cylinder. The first conductor section 3 is arranged in the hollow cylinder of the second conductor section 4.

[0083] Both the solid cylinder and the hollow cylinder extend along a common cylinder axis 5. The outer side surface 12 of the solid cylinder, which serves as the first partial conductor 3, faces the inner side surface 11 of the hollow cylinder, which serves as the second partial conductor 4. The outer side surface 12 of the first partial conductor 3 and the inner side surface 11 of the second partial conductor 4 are spatially separated by a first gap 20. The first gap 20 is also configured to electrically insulate the first partial conductor 3 from the second partial conductor 4.

[0084] The first conductor segment 3 of the first electrical conductor 6 is electrically connected to the second conductor segment 4 of the second electrical conductor 7 via the connecting portion 8 (specifically, the first portion 13 of the connecting portion 8). In addition, the second conductor segment 4 of the first electrical conductor 6 is electrically connected to the first conductor segment 3 of the second electrical conductor 7 via the connecting portion 8 (specifically, the second portion 14 of the connecting portion 8).

[0085] The transposition portion of each part of the connection (ie the portion through which the current flows in a substantially radial direction from a radial position of one partial conductor to a radial position of another partial conductor) has a length L along the common cylindrical axis 5 TP The length L of the transposition along the common cylindrical axis 5 (which is the main extension direction of the electrical conductor 1 ) is TP is at most 300% and / or at least 30% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2 .

[0086] Furthermore, the thickness of the second partial conductor 4 in the radial direction along the cylindrical axis 5 is at most 90% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2. The thickness d2 of the second partial conductor is at least 50% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2.

[0087] Such maximum and minimum thicknesses for the electrical conductor 1 in the transposed electrical conductor 2 provide AC losses that are advantageously very low while also saving material costs.

[0088] according to Figure 2 The transposed electrical conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment is a cross-sectional view in the radial direction, which is relative to the embodiment according to Figure 3 The transposed electrical conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment is rotated by 90°.

[0089] and Figure 1 、 Figure 2or Figure 3 of the electrical conductors 1 compared to one according to Figure 4 The transposed electrical conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment includes an electrical conductor 1 having a first partial conductor 3 , a second partial conductor 4 and a third partial conductor 9 .

[0090] Each of the partial conductors is formed of a hollow cylinder. The first partial conductor 3 is arranged inside the second partial conductor 4. Furthermore, the first partial conductor 3 and the second partial conductor 4 are arranged inside the third partial conductor 9. That is, the diameter of the first partial conductor 3 is smaller than the diameter of the second partial conductor 4, and the diameter of the second partial conductor 4 is smaller than the diameter of the third partial conductor 9.

[0091] Furthermore, the thickness of the second partial conductor 4 in the radial direction of the common cylindrical axis 5 is at most 90% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2, and the thickness of the third partial conductor 9 in the radial direction of the common cylindrical axis 5 is at most 75% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2. The thickness d2 of the second partial conductor is at least 50% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2, and the thickness d3 of the third partial conductor is at least 40% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor 2.

[0092] Length L of the transposition part TP Corresponding to the combination Figure 1 The length of the description.

[0093] Specifically, the first partial conductor 3 of the first electrical conductor 6 is electrically connected to the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7. Furthermore, the second partial conductor 4 of the first electrical conductor 6 is electrically connected to the third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7. The third partial conductor 9 of the first electrical conductor 6 is electrically connected to the first partial conductor 3 of the second electrical conductor 7.

[0094] and Figure 4 Compared to the exemplary embodiment of Figure 5 The transposed conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment includes a first conductor portion 3, which is a solid cylinder, such as a combination of Figure 1 As stated.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, according to Figure 6 The transposed electrical conductor 2 of the exemplary embodiment includes a first electrical conductor 6 and a second electrical conductor 7 , each of which has a first partial conductor 3 , a second partial conductor 4 , and a third partial conductor 9 , each of which is a hollow cylinder.

[0096] The third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7 protrudes beyond the first partial conductor 3 and the second partial conductor 4 in the direction of the common cylindrical axis 5 on the side of the second electrical conductor 7 facing the first electrical conductor 6. In other words, the third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7 has a length along the common cylindrical axis 5 that is greater than the lengths of the first partial conductor 3 and the second partial conductor 4. Therefore, the annular base of the third partial conductor 9 is closer to the adjacent electrical conductor than the annular bases of the first partial conductor 3 and / or the second partial conductor 4.

[0097] It is conceivable that the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7 protrudes beyond the first partial conductor 3 in the direction of the common cylindrical axis 5 on the side facing the first electrical conductor 6. In other words, the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7 has a length along the common cylindrical axis 5 that is greater than the length of the first partial conductor 3. Therefore, the annular base of the second partial conductor 4 is closer to the adjacent electrical conductor than the annular base of the first partial conductor 3. The annular base of the second partial conductor 4 is arranged between the annular base of the first partial conductor 3 and the annular base of the third partial conductor 9 along the common cylindrical axis 5.

[0098] The connecting portion 8 has a first portion 13 that electrically connects the first partial conductor 3 of the first electrical conductor 6 to the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7. The first portion 13 has a first sub-portion 17 and a second sub-portion 18. The first sub-portion 17 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the first partial conductor 3 of the first electrical conductor 6. Furthermore, the second sub-portion 18 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7. The first sub-portion and the second sub-portion are integrally formed. Furthermore, the first sub-portion 17 is illustratively soldered to the first partial conductor 3 of the first electrical conductor 6, and the second sub-portion 18 is illustratively soldered to the second partial conductor 4 of the second electrical conductor 7.

[0099] The connecting portion 8 further includes a second portion 14 that electrically connects the second partial conductor 4 of the first electrical conductor 6 to the third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7. The second portion 14 includes a first sub-portion 17 and a second sub-portion 18. The first sub-portion 17 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the second partial conductor 4 of the first electrical conductor 6. Furthermore, the second sub-portion 18 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7. The first and second sub-portions are integrally formed. Furthermore, the first sub-portion 17 is illustratively soldered to the second partial conductor 4 of the first electrical conductor 6, and the second sub-portion 18 is illustratively soldered to the third partial conductor 9 of the second electrical conductor 7.

[0100] The connecting portion 8 additionally includes a third portion 15 that electrically connects the third partial conductor 9 of the first electrical conductor 6 to the first partial conductor 3 of the second electrical conductor 7. The third portion 15 includes a first sub-portion 17, a second sub-portion 18, and a third sub-portion 19. The first sub-portion 17 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the third partial conductor 9 of the first electrical conductor 6. Furthermore, the second sub-portion 18 is in direct and tight contact with the annular base of the first partial conductor 3 of the second electrical conductor 7. The third sub-portion 19 electrically connects the first sub-portion 17 to the second sub-portion 18.

[0101] The first and third subparts and the third and second subparts are integrally formed. In addition, the first subpart 17 is exemplarily soldered to the third partial conductor 9 of the first electrical conductor 6 , and the second subpart 18 is exemplarily soldered to the first partial conductor 3 of the second electrical conductor 7 .

[0102] For example, the sub-portions directly and closely contacting the annular base cover at least 30% or at least 40% of the corresponding annular base. Due to such a large interface between the annular base and the sub-portions, the transmission of power is advantageously efficient.

[0103] Figure 7 The exemplary schematic diagram shows on the y-axis the AC resistivity L, which represents the loss of AC current flowing within a partial conductor divided by the loss of DC current, the magnitude of which is equal to the effective magnitude of the AC current flowing within the partial conductor, as a function of the thickness d of the partial conductor (as shown on the x-axis). The thickness d is indicated in units of skin depth. The solid line represents the second partial conductor 4, the dashed line with a wide gap represents the third partial conductor 9, and the dashed line with a small gap represents the fourth partial conductor 10. The dotted line represents the first partial conductor 3, which is a hollow cylinder.

[0104] Figure 8 The exemplary schematic diagram shows the AC resistance R per unit length (in μΩ / m) on the y-axis as a function of the thickness d of the partial conductor (as shown on the x-axis). The thickness d is indicated in units of skin depth. The solid line represents the second partial conductor 4, the dashed line with a wide gap represents the third partial conductor 9, and the dashed line with a small gap represents the fourth partial conductor 10.

[0105] Reference numerals

[0106] 1 electrical conductor

[0107] 2 Transposed conductors

[0108] 3 Part 1 Conductor

[0109] 4 The second part of the conductor

[0110] 5 Common cylindrical axis

[0111] 6 First electrical conductor

[0112] 7 Second electrical conductor

[0113] 8Connection

[0114] 9 Part III Conductors

[0115] 10 Part 4 Conductors

[0116] 11Inside surface

[0117] 12 Outer surface

[0118] 13 Part 1

[0119] 14 Part 2

[0120] 15 Part 3

[0121] 16 Part 4

[0122] 17 First Subsection

[0123] 18 Second subsection

[0124] 19 The third subsection

[0125] 20 gaps

[0126] d2 thickness of the second conductor

[0127] d3 thickness of the third conductor

[0128] d4 thickness of the fourth conductor

[0129] L TP Length of transposition part

[0130] dThickness

[0131] L AC resistivity

[0132] R AC resistance

Claims

1. A transposed electrical conductor (2) for transmitting electrical power at a voltage of at least 1 kV, the transposed electrical conductor (2) comprising: - at least two electrical conductors (1), said at least two electrical conductors (1) comprising a first electrical conductor (6) and a second electrical conductor (7), wherein - each of the at least two electrical conductors (1) comprises at least two partial conductors, - the at least two partial conductors include a first partial conductor (3) and a second partial conductor (4), - the second conductor portion (4) is a hollow cylinder, - the first partial conductor (3) is arranged inside the hollow cylinder, - the first electrical conductor (6) and the second electrical conductor (7) are electrically connected via a connection portion (8), - the connecting portion (8) comprises at least two parts electrically insulated from each other, and - the thickness (d2) of the second portion of the conductor is at most 90% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

2. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to claim 1, wherein The first conductor portion (3) is a solid cylinder, or The first conductor portion (3) is a hollow cylinder.

3. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to claim 1, wherein: The first electrical conductor (6) and the second electrical conductor (7) have substantially the same length.

4. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The thickness (d2) of the second portion of the conductor is at most 80% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

5. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The thickness (d2) of the second portion of the conductor is at least 50% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

6. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein - Each of the at least two electrical conductors (1) comprises at least three partial conductors, wherein - the at least three partial conductors additionally include a third partial conductor (9), - the third conductor (9) is a hollow cylinder, - the second partial conductor (4) is arranged in the hollow cylinder of the third partial conductor (9), and - the thickness (d3) of the third portion conductor is at most 75% or at most 65% and / or at least 40% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

7. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to claim 6, wherein: - Each of the at least two electrical conductors (1) comprises at least four partial conductors, wherein - the at least four partial conductors additionally include a fourth partial conductor (10), - the fourth conductor (10) is a hollow cylinder, - the third partial conductor (9) is arranged inside the hollow cylinder of the fourth partial conductor (10), and - the thickness (d4) of the fourth portion conductor is at most 65% or at most 55% and / or at least 30% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

8. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the first partial conductor (3) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the second partial conductor (4) of the second electrical conductor (7), and The connecting portion (8) electrically connects the second partial conductor (4) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the first partial conductor (3) of the second electrical conductor (7).

9. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the first partial conductor (3) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the second partial conductor (4) of the second electrical conductor (7), - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the second partial conductor (4) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the third partial conductor (9) of the second electrical conductor (7), and The connecting portion (8) electrically connects the third partial conductor (9) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the first partial conductor (3) of the second electrical conductor (7).

10. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the first partial conductor (3) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the second partial conductor (4) of the second electrical conductor (7), - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the second partial conductor (4) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the third partial conductor (9) of the second electrical conductor (7), - the connecting portion (8) electrically connects the third partial conductor (9) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the fourth partial conductor (10) of the second electrical conductor (7), and The connecting portion (8) electrically connects the fourth partial conductor (10) of the first electrical conductor (6) to the first partial conductor (3) of the second electrical conductor (7).

11. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein At least one of the at least two parts comprises at least two integrally formed sub-parts.

12. The transposed electrical conductor (2) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein The length of the transposition portion of each part along the main extension direction (L TP ) is at most 300% and / or at least 30% of the skin depth at the operating frequency of the transposed electrical conductor (2).

13. Bushing comprising a transposed electrical conductor (2) with an electrical conductor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11.

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