Preparation method of multifunctional artificial soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial soil, and discloses a preparation method of multifunctional artificial soil, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing raw materials: collecting various organic waste raw materials, selecting proper mineral materials, and preparing additives; s2, raw material treatment: carrying out compost maturing treatment on the organic waste raw materials, adding strains, crushing and screening mineral materials, and dissolving and grinding additives for pretreatment; s3, mixing and stirring: putting the decomposed organic waste raw material, the treated mineral material and the additive into a stirrer for preliminary mixing, and then performing fine mixing; s4, adjusting the performance; and S5, forming and drying. Organic waste raw materials are pretreated by adopting an ultrasonic technology, cellulose decomposition bacteria are added for composting and maturing treatment, cellulose and lignin are decomposed, nitrogen is fixed, phosphorus and potassium nutrients are converted, and the effects of accelerating decomposition of the organic waste raw materials, shortening the composting and maturing time and improving the humus quality and the nutrient content are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial soil, in particular to a method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization of agriculture and the growing demand for urban greening, traditional natural soils are increasingly unable to meet diverse application scenarios in terms of both quantity and quality. Large amounts of organic waste, such as crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, food processing waste, garden pruning waste, and municipal organic waste, are often discarded or inefficiently handled, resulting in both resource waste and environmental pollution. This has necessitated the development of a multifunctional artificial soil preparation method.

[0003] Existing technologies mostly use conventional composting methods, which lack pretreatment methods for organic waste raw materials such as crop straw and food processing waste, resulting in slow decomposition of organic waste raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil, which solves the problem of slow decomposition of organic waste raw materials due to lack of pretreatment means for raw materials.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The preparation method of multifunctional artificial soil comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Prepare raw materials: collect various organic waste materials, select appropriate mineral materials, and prepare additives;

[0008] S2. Raw material processing: composting the organic waste raw materials and adding bacteria, crushing and screening the mineral materials, and dissolving and grinding the additives for pretreatment;

[0009] S3, mixing and stirring: putting the decomposed organic waste raw materials, the treated mineral materials and additives into a blender and mixing them;

[0010] S4. Adjustment performance: Detect the pH value of the mixed artificial soil and adjust it with a regulator;

[0011] S5. Forming and drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is formed into different shapes and specifications, and then dried to remove excess moisture.

[0012] In S1, the organic waste raw materials include crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and food processing waste, garden pruning waste, and urban organic waste that have been collected and processed separately. The mineral materials include kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, and perlite. The additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate.

[0013] In S2, the composting treatment is carried out by pretreating the organic waste raw materials using ultrasonic technology, the ultrasonic power is 100W-1200W, the ultrasonic action time is 10min-30min, and the cavitation effect, mechanical effect and thermal effect of the ultrasound are used to treat raw materials such as crop straw and food processing waste. The organic waste raw materials are then chopped and piled in a well-ventilated place, the humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, and the temperature is maintained at 50℃-60℃. The bacterial species include cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0014] In S3, the organic waste raw materials, mineral materials and additives are added into the mixer in a ratio of 5:4:1, the stirring speed is 30-100 r / min, and the stirring time is 10 min-60 min.

[0015] In S4, pH test paper or a pH meter is used to detect the pH value of the mixed artificial soil, wherein the regulator includes lime sulfuric acid.

[0016] In S4, after adjusting the pH of the soil, a water-retaining agent or mineral material needs to be added, and the water-retaining agent includes polyacrylamide.

[0017] In S5, the artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the barrel of the 3D printer. The printer prints out artificial soil that is compatible with the container layer by layer according to the pre-built model data.

[0018] In S5, the artificial soil that has been formed is heated and dried using the heat pump drying technology and the solar drying technology.

[0019] In S1, after the minerals are crushed and screened, the kaolin and bentonite can be crushed to 150-200 mesh, and the vermiculite and perlite can be crushed into 2-5 mm particles.

[0020] In S1, the additives are dissolved and ground, and the particle size of the lime and gypsum is 100-200 mesh, the superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5% to 15%, and the potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 10%.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention uses ultrasonic technology to pretreat organic waste raw materials, and adds cellulose-decomposing bacteria. Multiple strains of bacteria are used for composting and decomposition, which decomposes cellulose and lignin in the raw materials, fixes nitrogen, and converts phosphorus and potassium nutrients, thereby achieving the effects of accelerating the decomposition of organic waste raw materials, shortening the composting time, and improving the quality and nutrient content of humus.

[0023] 2. This invention loads artificial soil with adjusted properties into the barrel of a 3D printer and prints it layer by layer according to pre-built model data, achieving precise customization of soil shapes, meeting the needs of diverse usage scenarios, avoiding the limitations of traditional molding methods that are difficult to handle special shapes, and improving production efficiency and product precision.

[0024] 3. The present invention utilizes heat pump drying technology in conjunction with solar drying technology to heat and dry the formed artificial soil, thereby achieving the effects of efficient waste heat recovery, reduced energy consumption, environmental protection, stable operation under different weather conditions, and ensuring the long-term high-quality performance of the artificial soil.

[0025] 4. The present invention achieves the effects of improving soil water retention, optimizing soil physical structure, and comprehensively improving soil comprehensive performance by adding polyacrylamide water-retaining agent and mineral materials after adjusting the pH.

[0026] 5. The present invention collects and processes organic waste raw materials, then mixes and stirs them, adjusts the pH using a regulator based on a pH test paper, and then shapes them using a 3D printer and dries them. The resulting artificial soil achieves the effect of comprehensively improving the chemical properties and applicability of the artificial soil and providing a suitable nutritional environment for plant growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Prepare raw materials: collect various organic waste materials, select appropriate mineral materials, and prepare additives;

[0031] S2. Raw material processing: composting the organic waste raw materials and adding bacteria, crushing and screening the mineral materials, and dissolving and grinding the additives for pretreatment;

[0032] S3, mixing and stirring: putting the decomposed organic waste raw materials, the treated mineral materials and additives into a blender and mixing them;

[0033] S4. Adjustment performance: Detect the pH value of the mixed artificial soil and adjust it with a regulator;

[0034] S5. Forming and drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is formed into different shapes and specifications, and then dried to remove excess moisture.

[0035] Specifically, in step S1, the organic waste raw materials are processed and converted into organic fertilizers, which can provide the soil with rich nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, increase the soil organic matter content, improve the soil aggregate structure, enhance the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity, promote soil microbial activity, and benefit plant root growth and nutrient absorption. Mineral materials can adjust the physical properties of the soil, provide physical support, improve soil aeration and water retention, and create a good rooting and growth environment for plant roots. The additives adjust the soil pH and soil structure. By adjusting the soil chemical properties, the needs of different plants for soil environment and nutrients are met, promoting healthy plant growth, and improving the comprehensive fertility and applicability of the artificial soil.

[0036] In step S2, the organic waste materials are composted and bacteria are added to accelerate the decomposition of the organic waste materials, increase the organic matter content, crush and screen the mineral materials to achieve a suitable particle size, increase the specific surface area, and improve the mixing uniformity and reactivity with other substances. The additives are dissolved and ground pre-processed to facilitate subsequent full mixing with other raw materials, effectively improving the overall quality.

[0037] In step S3, the decomposed organic waste, processed mineral materials, and additives are first mixed to allow the various materials to contact and distribute. This allows the organic waste to fully integrate its nutrient-rich properties with its ability to improve soil structure, the mineral materials to regulate soil physical properties, and the additives to adjust soil pH and supplement specific nutrients, thereby providing a balanced and suitable soil environment for plant growth.

[0038] In step S4, the pH of the mixed artificial soil is tested and adjusted using a regulator to control the soil pH to a range suitable for the growth of target plants, thereby preventing reduced nutrient availability or plant growth inhibition due to unsuitable pH, and improving the overall suitability and support capacity of the artificial soil for plant growth.

[0039] In step S5, the artificial soil with adjusted properties is made into different shapes and specifications to meet the needs of various application scenarios. The drying process removes excess water and reduces the weight of the soil, making it easier to store, transport and handle. The appropriate water content can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and extend the storage life of the artificial soil.

[0040] In S1, organic waste raw materials include crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and food processing waste, garden pruning waste, urban organic waste that are collected and processed through classification, mineral materials, including kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, perlite, and additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate.

[0041] Specifically, collecting crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, sorted food processing waste, garden pruning waste, and urban organic waste as organic waste raw materials can realize the resource utilization of organic waste and provide a large amount of organic matter for the soil, which can improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility. Kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, and perlite are selected to adjust soil physical properties, enhance aeration and water retention, and provide physical support. Additives made of lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate can flexibly adjust soil pH and supplement key nutrients such as calcium, sulfur, phosphorus, and potassium to meet the diverse needs of different plants for soil environment and nutrients, and comprehensively improve the overall performance of artificial soil.

[0042] In S2, the composting treatment uses ultrasonic technology to pretreat the organic waste raw materials. The ultrasonic power is 100W-1200W, and the ultrasonic action time is 10min-30min. The cavitation effect, mechanical effect and thermal effect of the ultrasound are used to treat raw materials such as crop straw and food processing waste. The organic waste raw materials are then chopped and piled in a well-ventilated place. The humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, and the temperature is maintained at 50℃-60℃. The bacterial species include cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0043] Specifically, ultrasonic technology is used to pre-treat organic waste materials such as crop straw and food processing waste. The cavitation, mechanical and thermal effects of ultrasound can destroy the cell wall structure of the raw materials, increase the specific surface area, and accelerate the subsequent decomposition process. The organic waste materials are chopped and piled in a well-ventilated place. The humidity is controlled at 50% to 60% and the temperature is maintained at 50°C to 60°C to create a living environment for microorganisms. Cellulolytic bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria are added to decompose the cellulose and lignin in the raw materials, fix nitrogen, convert phosphorus and potassium nutrients, shorten the composting time, and improve the quality and nutrient content of humus, providing organic waste materials for the preparation of high-quality multifunctional artificial soil.

[0044] In S3, the organic waste raw materials, mineral materials and additives are added into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in a ratio of 5:4:1, with a stirring speed of 30-100 r / min and a stirring time of 10 min-60 min.

[0045] Specifically, in step S3, organic waste raw materials, mineral materials and additives are added to the mixer in a ratio of 5:4:1, which can achieve a good balance in soil fertility, physical structure and chemical property regulation. This ratio is a prior art and will not be described in detail. The stirring speed is controlled at 30-100 r / min and the stirring time is controlled at 10min-60min, which promotes the initial contact and dispersion of various raw materials, ensures that the rich nutrients contained in the organic waste raw materials, the function of the mineral materials to regulate the physical properties of the soil, and the role of the additives in adjusting the chemical properties of the soil and supplementing specific nutrients are fully integrated, so that the various components of the artificial soil are evenly distributed, forming a unified whole with stable performance, excellent fertility, and suitable physical and chemical properties, thereby creating an ideal soil environment for plant growth.

[0046] In S4, the pH value of the mixed artificial soil is tested using pH test paper or a pH meter, and the regulator includes lime sulfuric acid.

[0047] Specifically, in step S4, the pH value of the mixed artificial soil can be accurately tested with pH test paper or a pH meter to clearly understand the current chemical properties of the soil. Based on the test results, the soil pH value can be precisely adjusted to the appropriate range required for the growth of the target plants using regulators such as lime and sulfuric acid. This ensures that the soil environment meets the plant's pH requirements and that plant roots can effectively absorb nutrients from the soil, avoiding reduced nutrient availability or plant growth inhibition due to unsuitable pH. Furthermore, the process optimizes the living environment of soil microorganisms, enhances soil biological activity, maintains the stability of the soil ecosystem, and enhances the adaptability and support of the artificial soil for plant growth.

[0048] In S4, after adjusting the pH of the soil, it is necessary to add water-retaining agents or mineral materials. Water-retaining agents include polyacrylamide.

[0049] Specifically, after S4 adjusts the pH of the soil, adding the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide can form water storage in the soil with its own super water absorption and water retention capacity, improve the soil's water retention performance, reduce water evaporation and loss, ensure that plants can still obtain sufficient water during droughts, and effectively improve water utilization efficiency. Adding mineral materials further optimizes the soil's physical structure, enhances soil permeability and porosity, and provides a more ideal physical space for plant root growth. At the same time, it supplements a variety of mineral elements to comprehensively improve the comprehensive performance of the soil and create a better environment for plant growth.

[0050] In S5, the artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the barrel of the 3D printer. The printer prints out artificial soil that is compatible with the container layer by layer according to the pre-built model data.

[0051] Specifically, in step S5, the artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the 3D printer barrel. The artificial soil is then printed layer by layer according to pre-built model data to fit the container. This allows for precise customization of the soil shape to closely fit the internal structures of various complex and unique containers, meeting the needs of diverse usage scenarios and enabling highly personalized production. This avoids the limitations of traditional molding methods that are difficult to handle with special shapes, improves production efficiency and product precision, and ensures that the artificial soil, when adapted to the container, can retain water and fertilizer and support plant roots, providing a stable and suitable root environment for plant growth.

[0052] In S5, the artificial soil that has been formed is heated and dried using the heat pump drying technology and the solar drying technology.

[0053] Specifically, in step S5, heat pump drying technology and solar drying technology are used to heat and dry the formed artificial soil. Heat pump drying technology can efficiently recover waste heat, reduce energy consumption, and accurately control drying temperature and humidity to prevent over-drying or uneven drying of the artificial soil, which may affect its quality. Solar drying technology uses clean and renewable solar energy to reduce dependence on traditional energy sources, which is environmentally friendly. The combination of heat pump drying technology and solar drying technology can operate stably under different weather conditions, effectively remove excess moisture from the artificial soil, reduce weight for convenient storage and transportation, inhibit microbial growth, and extend storage life. At the same time, it maintains the physical structure and nutrient stability of the soil, ensuring that the artificial soil can maintain high-quality properties over the long term, providing reliable protection for subsequent use.

[0054] In S1, after the minerals are crushed and screened, the kaolin and bentonite can be crushed to 150-200 mesh, and the vermiculite and perlite can be crushed into 2-5 mm particles.

[0055] Specifically, in step S1, the kaolin and bentonite in the mineral materials are crushed to 150-200 mesh, thereby increasing the specific surface area of the mineral materials and enabling them to be fully mixed with the organic waste raw materials and additives. The vermiculite and perlite are crushed into particles of 2-5 mm, which can provide a good pore structure for the soil, optimize aeration and drainage, facilitate the breathing and extension of plant roots, and provide stable physical support for the soil. The synergistic effect of mineral materials of different particle sizes comprehensively improves the physical properties of the artificial soil, creating a suitable soil environment for plant growth.

[0056] In S1, after the additives are dissolved and ground, the particle size of the lime and gypsum is 100-200 mesh, the superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5% to 15%, and the potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 10%.

[0057] Specifically, in step S1, lime and gypsum are ground to a particle size of 100-200 mesh, which increases the contact area with other raw materials and allows for more uniform dispersion during the subsequent mixing process, thereby more efficiently and accurately regulating soil pH and structure. Superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5% to 15%, and potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 10%. This not only facilitates the full integration of the solution with other raw materials and ensures uniform nutrient distribution, but also allows for flexible adjustment of concentrations based on soil nutrient status and plant needs, achieving precise replenishment of soil phosphorus and potassium nutrients, providing a suitable nutritional environment for plant growth, and comprehensively improving the chemical properties and applicability of the artificial soil.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] S1. Raw material preparation: Collect crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, sorted and processed food processing waste, garden pruning waste and urban organic waste as organic waste raw materials;

[0060] The mineral materials selected were kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite and perlite. Kaolin and bentonite were crushed to 150 mesh, and vermiculite and perlite were crushed into 2 mm particles.

[0061] Additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate. The lime and gypsum are ground to 100 mesh. Superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5%, and potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3%.

[0062] S2. Raw material processing: Use ultrasonic technology to pre-treat organic waste raw materials, with an ultrasonic power of 100W and an ultrasonic action time of 10 minutes. After shredding, pile them in a well-ventilated place with a humidity controlled at 50% and a temperature maintained at 50°C. Add cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria to compost and decompose;

[0063] Crushing and screening of mineral materials:

[0064] The additives are pre-treated by dissolving and grinding.

[0065] S3. Mixing and stirring: adding organic waste raw materials: mineral materials: additives in a ratio of 5:4:1 into a double-shaft paddle mixer at a stirring speed of 30 r / min for 10 minutes.

[0066] S4. Adjustment performance: Use pH test paper or pH meter to test the pH of the mixed artificial soil, adjust it to the suitable range for the target plants with lime and sulfuric acid, and then add polyacrylamide water retaining agent and appropriate amount of mineral materials.

[0067] S5 Molding and Drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the 3D printer barrel, and the artificial soil that fits the container is printed layer by layer according to the model data;

[0068] Heat pump drying technology and solar drying technology are used to heat and dry the formed artificial soil.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] S1. Raw material preparation: Collect crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, sorted and processed food processing waste, garden pruning waste and urban organic waste as organic waste raw materials;

[0071] The mineral materials selected were kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite and perlite. Kaolin and bentonite were crushed to 175 mesh, and vermiculite and perlite were crushed to 3.5 mm particles.

[0072] Additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate. The lime and gypsum are ground to 150 mesh. Superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 10%, and potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 6.5%.

[0073] S2. Raw material processing: Use ultrasonic technology to pre-treat organic waste raw materials. The ultrasonic power is 650W and the ultrasonic action time is 20 minutes. After shredding, pile them in a well-ventilated place with humidity controlled at 55% and temperature maintained at 55°C. Add cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria to compost and decompose.

[0074] Crushing and screening of mineral materials:

[0075] The additives are pre-treated by dissolving and grinding.

[0076] S3. Mixing and stirring: adding organic waste raw materials: mineral materials: additives in a ratio of 5:4:1 into a twin-shaft paddle mixer at a stirring speed of 65 r / min for 35 min.

[0077] S4. Adjustment performance: Use pH test paper or pH meter to test the pH of the mixed artificial soil, adjust it to the suitable range for the target plants with lime and sulfuric acid, and then add polyacrylamide water retaining agent and appropriate amount of mineral materials.

[0078] S5 Molding and Drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the 3D printer barrel, and the artificial soil that fits the container is printed layer by layer according to the model data;

[0079] Heat pump drying technology and solar drying technology are used to heat and dry the formed artificial soil.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] S1. Raw material preparation: Collect crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, sorted and processed food processing waste, garden pruning waste and urban organic waste as organic waste raw materials;

[0082] The mineral materials selected were kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite and perlite. Kaolin and bentonite were crushed to 200 mesh, and vermiculite and perlite were crushed into 5 mm particles.

[0083] Additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate. The lime and gypsum are ground to 200 mesh. Superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 10%.

[0084] S2. Raw material processing: Use ultrasonic technology to pre-treat organic waste raw materials, with an ultrasonic power of 1400W and an ultrasonic action time of 30 minutes. After shredding, pile them in a well-ventilated place with a humidity controlled at 60% and a temperature maintained at 60°C. Add cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria to compost and decompose;

[0085] Crushing and screening of mineral materials:

[0086] The additives are pre-treated by dissolving and grinding.

[0087] S3. Mixing and stirring: Add organic waste raw materials: mineral materials: additives into the mixer in a ratio of 5:4:1, with a stirring speed of 100 r / min and a stirring time of 60 min.

[0088] S4. Adjustment performance: Use pH test paper or pH meter to test the pH of the mixed artificial soil, adjust it to the suitable range for the target plants with lime and sulfuric acid, and then add polyacrylamide water retaining agent and appropriate amount of mineral materials.

[0089] S5 Molding and Drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the 3D printer barrel, and the artificial soil that fits the container is printed layer by layer according to the model data;

[0090] Heat pump drying technology and solar drying technology are used to heat and dry the formed artificial soil.

[0091] Experimental Form

[0092]

[0093] Through the comparison of the above data, the preparation method of the multifunctional artificial soil can comprehensively improve the performance of the artificial soil.

[0094] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare raw materials: collect various organic waste materials, select appropriate mineral materials, and prepare additives; S2. Raw material processing: composting the organic waste raw materials and adding bacteria, crushing and screening the mineral materials, and dissolving and grinding the additives for pretreatment; S3, mixing and stirring: putting the decomposed organic waste raw materials, the treated mineral materials and additives into a blender and mixing them; S4. Adjustment performance: Detect the pH value of the mixed artificial soil and adjust it with a regulator; S5. Forming and drying: The artificial soil with adjusted properties is formed into different shapes and specifications, and then dried to remove excess moisture.

2. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the organic waste raw materials include crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and food processing waste, garden pruning waste, and urban organic waste that have been collected and processed separately. The mineral materials include kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, and perlite. The additives include lime, gypsum, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate.

3. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the composting treatment is carried out by pretreating the organic waste raw materials using ultrasonic technology, the ultrasonic power is 100W-1200W, the ultrasonic action time is 10min-30min, and the cavitation effect, mechanical effect and thermal effect of the ultrasound are used to treat raw materials such as crop straw and food processing waste. The organic waste raw materials are then chopped and piled in a well-ventilated place, the humidity is controlled at 50%-60%, and the temperature is maintained at 50℃-60℃. The bacterial species include cellulose-decomposing bacteria, lignin-decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

4. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the organic waste raw materials, mineral materials and additives are added into a twin-shaft paddle mixer in a ratio of 5:4:1, with a stirring speed of 30-100 r / min and a stirring time of 10 min-60 min.

5. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, wherein: In S4, pH test paper or a pH meter is used to detect the pH value of the mixed artificial soil, wherein the regulator includes lime sulfuric acid.

6. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, after adjusting the pH of the soil, a water-retaining agent or mineral material needs to be added, and the water-retaining agent includes polyacrylamide.

7. The method for preparing the multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the artificial soil with adjusted properties is loaded into the barrel of the 3D printer. The printer prints out artificial soil that is compatible with the container layer by layer according to the pre-built model data.

8. The method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the artificial soil that has been formed is heated and dried using the heat pump drying technology and the solar drying technology.

9. The method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, after the minerals are crushed and screened, the kaolin and bentonite can be crushed to 150-200 mesh, and the vermiculite and perlite can be crushed into 2-5 mm particles.

10. The method for preparing multifunctional artificial soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the additives are dissolved and ground, and the particle size of the lime and gypsum is 100-200 mesh, the superphosphate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5% to 15%, and the potassium sulfate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3% to 10%.

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