Water flotation machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a water flotation machine. The water flotation machine comprises a discharging mechanism; the water separation mechanism is located below the discharging mechanism, and the water separation mechanism separates heavy substances from light substances through buoyancy; the heavy substance conveying mechanism is used for conveying out the heavy substances sunk in the water separation mechanism; and the light substance conveying mechanism is partially located in water of the water separation mechanism, the light substance conveying mechanism comprises a screen drum, a plurality of scraping plates are arranged in the circumferential direction of the screen drum, and the rotating screen drum collects light substances floating in the water through the scraping plates. According to the water flotation machine, separation of light materials is achieved through the rotating screen drum, impurities such as silt are prevented from being accumulated on the screen drum, a light material conveying mechanism is prevented from being stuck, the separation effect is good, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a device for separating heavy matter from light matter, and in particular to a water flotation machine. Background Art

[0002] When recycling construction waste into aggregates, it is necessary to separate them because they contain a large amount of light materials such as wood, plastic, and rubber. These light materials affect the applicability and application areas of the aggregates. Existing commonly used light material separation schemes mainly include dry and wet methods. The wet method mainly uses the effect of water and the density difference between materials for sorting. Different materials have different densities, and materials with different densities have different buoyancy in water. Materials with a density less than water have a buoyancy greater than gravity and will float on the water surface. Materials with a density greater than water have a buoyancy less than gravity and will sink into the water.

[0003] CN202121743499.7 discloses a water flotation device, which transmits light materials and heavy materials respectively through a light material conveying mechanism and a heavy material conveying mechanism, and both the light material conveying mechanism and the heavy material conveying mechanism are belt conveyors. The scraper lifts light materials such as wood and beverage bottles floating on the water surface and delivers the light materials along the conveying direction of the light material conveying mechanism. When the light material conveying mechanism conveys light materials, some mud, sand, and particulate impurities will be adsorbed on the transmission belt of the light material conveying structure, causing the transmission belt to get stuck. At the same time, since at least a part of the light material conveying mechanism and the heavy material conveying mechanism are immersed in water, impurities (mud, dust, etc.) will penetrate into the vicinity of the bearing under long-term use, causing the transmission structure to get stuck or fail. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the technical problem of jamming of the light material conveying mechanism in the prior art, the present invention provides a water flotation machine, which uses a rotating screen drum to sort light materials, avoids the accumulation of impurities such as mud and sand on the screen drum, avoids the jamming of the light material conveying mechanism, achieves good sorting effect, and extends service life.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a water flotation machine, including: a feeding mechanism; a water selection mechanism located below the feeding mechanism, the water selection mechanism uses buoyancy to separate heavy matter and light matter; a heavy matter conveying mechanism, the heavy matter conveying mechanism conveys heavy matter sunk in the water selection mechanism; a light matter conveying mechanism, part of the light matter conveying mechanism is located in the water of the water selection mechanism, the light matter conveying mechanism includes a screen drum, and the screen drum has a plurality of scrapers on its circumference, and the rotating screen drum collects light matter floating in the water through the scrapers.

[0006] The water flotation machine of the present invention utilizes the scraper of the rotating screen drum to transport light materials. The scraper and the screen drum repeatedly enter and blow water, thereby avoiding the accumulation of silt and impurities, preventing the screen drum from getting stuck, and ensuring the service life.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to enable the scraper to effectively collect light materials floating on the water surface and in the water, the scraper is arranged at an angle relative to the water surface, and the scraper rotates from below the water surface to above the water surface to collect the light materials.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to allow water to flow through the sieve drum to reduce rotational resistance and reduce the accumulation of impurities on the sieve drum, the scraper is connected to the sieve plate, and the sieve plate is also provided with a plurality of through holes for water circulation. The sieve plates are connected in sequence in the circumferential direction to form a sieve drum.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to prevent the transmission component from failing due to water ingress, the transmission component of the screen drum is located above the water surface and has a distance between it and the water surface.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to ensure the collection effect of light materials, the water selection mechanism includes a circulating water tank, the circulating water tank includes a water outlet end and a water return end, the screen drum is located between the water outlet end and the water return end, and the rotation direction of the screen drum is opposite to the water flow direction.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to ensure that light matter and heavy matter can be separated quickly, the water outlet is a water spray assembly facing the sieve drum, and the water flow ejected from the water spray assembly drives the light matter to flow toward the sieve drum.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to realize water circulation inside the water sorting machine, the water spray assembly includes a plurality of nozzles arranged evenly at intervals, the nozzles are facing the screen cylinder, and the nozzles are arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the screen cylinder. The circulating water tank is connected to a circulating water pump assembly connected to the water spray assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to prevent the return water plate from being blocked by debris, the return water end is a return water plate located at the bottom of the screen drum, and a plurality of return water holes are opened on the return water plate. The screen drum rotates to make the scraper scrape across the surface of the return water plate to clean the return water holes.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to allow heavy materials to be concentratedly sent out by the heavy material conveying mechanism, a barrier assembly is also provided between the water outlet and the screen drum. The barrier assembly and the conveying drive of the heavy material conveying mechanism are sealed. The heavy materials in the barrier assembly are sent out by the heavy material conveying mechanism, and the light materials follow the water flow to the screen drum.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to prevent the bearings of the heavy material conveying mechanism from being immersed in water, the heavy material conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt, one end of the conveyor belt is obliquely inserted into the water surface, and the other end is located above the water surface. The part of the conveyor belt below the water surface is connected to a belt driven pulley, and the two ends of the belt driven pulley are connected to bearings. The bearings are arranged on the outside of the circulating water tank, and the circulating water tank and the belt driven pulley are sealed by at least two seals.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The water flotation machine of the present invention adopts a drum-type screen drum as a light material conveying mechanism, replacing the transmission belt conveying mechanism, which can avoid the accumulation of debris on the screen drum, the screen drum will not get stuck, ensure the smooth rotation of the screen drum, and extend the service life.

[0018] 2. The water flotation machine of the present invention has a screen drum composed of a screen plate and a scraper assembly. The screen plate and the scraper jointly collect light materials floating near the water surface. The scraper also scrapes away garbage deposited on the return water plate during rotation to avoid blockage of the return water plate and ensure smooth water flow inside the circulating water tank.

[0019] 3. In the water flotation machine of the present invention, the screen drum is arranged away from the water surface to prevent the transmission component from being immersed in water and water from seeping into the transmission component. At the same time, the lower bearing of the heavy material conveying mechanism is placed outside the box body, and the diversion hole on the circulating water tank is connected to the seal. Once the seal fails, the water inside the circulating water tank passes through the seal and is discharged from the diversion hole, preventing water from seeping into the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water flotation machine of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A-A section structure;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the position relationship between the screen drum and the return plate;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the circulating water tank;

[0026] In the figure: 1, unloading mechanism, 11, hopper, 12, vibrating feeding device;

[0027] 2. Water selection mechanism, 21. Circulating water tank, 22. Water spray assembly, 23. Return water plate, 231. Return water hole, 24. Circulating water pump assembly, 25. Diversion hole;

[0028] 3. Heavy material conveying mechanism, 31. Conveyor belt, 32. Belt driven pulley, 33. Bearing, 34. Seal, 35. Enclosure assembly;

[0029] 4. Light material conveying mechanism, 41. Screen drum, 411. Scraper, 412. Screen plate, 413. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a water flotation machine includes: a feeding mechanism 1, a water selection mechanism 2 located below the feeding mechanism 1, a heavy material conveying mechanism 3 and a light material conveying mechanism 4.

[0034] Specifically, the discharge mechanism 1 includes a hopper 11, below which is a vibrating feeder 12. Construction waste fed into the hopper 11 falls into the vibrating feeder, where it is evenly spread and then falls into a water separator below. The vibrating feeder 12 is a conventional feeding device, and its structure will not be described in detail here. Other feeding devices can also be used as replacements.

[0035] Specifically, the water separation mechanism utilizes buoyancy to separate heavy and light materials. The water separation mechanism 2 includes a circulating water tank 21, the water of which is internally circulated. When light materials fall into the water tank, the heavy materials sink under the action of buoyancy, while the light materials float near the water surface. Specifically, a portion of the light material conveying mechanism 4 is located in the water of the water separation mechanism 2. The light material conveying mechanism 4 includes a screen drum 41 having a plurality of scrapers 411 arranged around its circumference. The rotating screen drum 41 collects light materials floating in the water via the scrapers 411.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the circulating water tank 21 includes an outlet end and a return end, with the sieve drum 41 located between the outlet and return ends, and the rotation direction of the sieve drum 41 is opposite to the direction of the water flow. Since the water flow inside the circulating water tank 21 flows from the outlet end to the return end, and the sieve drum 41 is located exactly between the two, light matter follows the water flow to the sieve drum 41. When the sieve drum 41 rotates, it is collected by the scraper 411 on the sieve drum 41. Then, after following the sieve drum 41 to rotate to the other side, the light matter falls into the discharge bin behind the sieve drum 41 under the action of gravity, thus achieving the collection of light matter. Figure 2 Arrow a in the middle indicates the direction of movement of light materials, arrow c indicates the direction of water flow, and arrow b indicates the direction of movement of heavy materials. In the working state, the liquid level in the water tank needs to be higher than the water outlet.

[0037] Preferably, the scraper 411 is tilted relative to the water surface, and the scraper 411 rotates from below the water surface to above the water surface to collect light matter. The tilted scraper 411 rotates from below the water surface to above the water surface, and its motion trajectory is circular. During the rotation process, the scraper 411 can capture light matter floating below the water surface as well as light matter floating above the water surface.

[0038] Preferably, the scraper 411 is connected to a sieve plate 412, which is further provided with a plurality of through-holes 413 for water circulation. The sieve plates 412 are sequentially connected in the circumferential direction to form the sieve drum 41. Water can flow through the through-holes 413 in the sieve drum 41, reducing the resistance encountered by the sieve drum 41 during rotation. Since the sieve drum 41 is always rotating, debris in the circulating water tank 21 is not easily accumulated in the through-holes 413 of the sieve drum 41.

[0039] Specifically, the heavy material conveying mechanism 3 removes heavy materials that have sunk into the water separation mechanism 2. The heavy material conveying mechanism 3 comprises a conveyor belt 31, one end of which is obliquely inserted into the water surface and the other end is positioned above the water surface. Heavy materials entering the circulating water tank 21 sink under the influence of gravity and ultimately land on the heavy material conveying mechanism 3, which then conveys the heavy materials out of the circulating water tank 21. The heavy material conveying mechanism 3 utilizes a conventional belt conveyor mechanism and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] Preferably, an enclosure assembly 35 is further provided between the water outlet and the screen drum 41. The enclosure assembly 35 is in dynamic sealing contact with the conveyor belt 31 of the heavy material conveying mechanism 3. The heavy material in the enclosure assembly 35 is sent out by the heavy material conveying mechanism 3. The front end of the enclosure assembly 35 is an open structure. The light material follows the water flow to the screen drum 41. The upper end of the enclosure assembly 35 is close to the water outlet and is located directly below the unloading mechanism 1, and the width of the enclosure assembly 35 is slightly larger than the width of the vibrating feeding device 12, ensuring that the heavy material can completely fall into the enclosure assembly 35 after entering the circulating water tank 21. At the same time, the enclosure assembly 35 is a closed structure. The heavy material falls onto the conveyor belt 31 of the heavy material conveying mechanism 3 under the guidance of the enclosure assembly 35, and the heavy material is sent out through the conveyor belt 31.

[0041] Example 2, based on Example 1, the water outlet is a water spray assembly 22 facing the sieve drum 41, and the water spray assembly 22 is directly opposite the sieve drum 41. The water flow ejected from the water spray assembly 22 drives the light matter to flow toward the sieve drum 41. The water spray assembly 22 includes a plurality of nozzles evenly spaced apart. The nozzles are directly opposite the sieve drum 41, and the nozzles are arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the sieve drum 41. A circulating water pump assembly 24 connected to the circulating water tank 21 is connected to the water spray assembly 22. The circulating water pump assembly 24 includes conventional components such as a water pump and a water pipe, which will not be repeated here. Water flows out from the nozzle, and under the action of the water flow, the light matter will follow the water flow to the sieve drum 41. The water flow can increase the flow rate of the light matter and increase the collection efficiency of the sieve drum 41 for the light matter.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, the return water end is the return water plate 23 located at the bottom of the sieve drum 41. The return water plate 23 is provided with a plurality of return water holes 231. The sieve drum 41 rotates so that the scraper 411 scrapes across the surface of the return water plate 23 to clean the return water holes 231. After the water flows through the sieve drum 41, it will flow out from the return water plate 23 below the sieve drum 41. Since the return water plate 23 is fixed, the silt or other impurities carried by the water will accumulate in the return water holes 231. If it is not cleaned for a long time, it will affect the water circulation inside the circulating water tank 21, resulting in malfunction. Because the scraper 411 is always rotating, the gap between the scraper 411 and the return water plate 23 is very small. Without affecting the normal rotation of the sieve drum 41, the scraper 411 passes through the surface of the return water plate 23 to scrape and collect the debris accumulated in the return water holes 231. While the sieve drum 41 recovers light materials, the return water plate 23 is cleaned at the same time, preventing the return water plate 23 from clogging and affecting its use.

[0043] Specifically, the outlet of the circulating water tank 21 is located below the return plate 23. After passing through the return plate, water flows from the outlet into the circulating water pump assembly 24. Since the scraper 411 cleans the return plate 23 in real time, the flow rate of water passing through the return plate 23 can be guaranteed, ensuring a stable internal circulation water supply within the circulating water tank.

[0044] Example 3, based on Example 2, Figure 5 As shown, the transmission assembly of the sieve drum 41 is located above the water surface, with a gap between it and the water surface. The transmission assembly utilizes a conventional motor, reducer, and drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to the sieve drum 41, driving its rotation. The drive shaft is positioned above the circulating water tank 21, preventing it from coming into contact with the water and preventing the sieve drum 41 from malfunctioning due to sealing failure.

[0045] Preferably, the portion of the conveyor belt 31 below the water surface is connected to a belt driven pulley 32, and bearings 33 are connected to both ends of the belt driven pulley 32. The bearings 33 are arranged outside the circulating water tank 21, and the circulating water tank 21 and the belt driven pulley 32 are sealed by at least two seals 34. The bearings 33 are arranged outside the circulating water tank 21, and at the same time, the belt driven pulley 32 passes through the circulating water tank 21, and the belt driven pulley 32 and the circulating water tank 21 are sealed by a seal 34. At the same time, a diversion hole 25 is opened on the circulating water tank 21, and the diversion hole 25 is connected to the seal 34. Even if the seal 34 fails, the water inside the circulating water tank 21 will leak outward along the seal 34 and will flow out directly through the diversion hole 25 instead of entering the bearing 33, thereby avoiding the problem of water entering the bearing 33 and impurities causing transmission failure.

[0046] Specifically, the guide hole 25 is located outside the bearing 33 . Figure 5 The middle arrow indicates the flow direction of leaked water when the seal 34 fails.

[0047] In summary, the water flotation machine of the present invention utilizes a rotating screen drum to achieve the sorting of light materials, thereby preventing impurities such as mud and sand from accumulating on the screen drum and preventing the light material conveying mechanism from getting stuck. The sorting effect is good and the service life is extended.

[0048] The above description is intended to serve as a guide for the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A water flotation machine, characterized in that: include: Unloading mechanism (1); A water separation mechanism (2) located below the material discharge mechanism (1), wherein the water separation mechanism (2) utilizes buoyancy to separate heavy materials from light materials; A heavy matter conveying mechanism (3) is configured to convey the heavy matter sunk in the water separation mechanism (2); A light material conveying mechanism (4) is provided, wherein a portion of the light material conveying mechanism (4) is located in the water of the water selection mechanism (2), and the light material conveying mechanism (4) comprises a screen drum (41) having a plurality of scrapers (411) on its circumference. The rotating screen drum (41) collects light materials floating in the water through the scrapers (411).

2. The water flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The scraper (411) is arranged at an inclination relative to the water surface, and the scraper (411) rotates from below the water surface to above the water surface to collect light matter.

3. The water flotation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper (411) is connected to the sieve plate (412), and the sieve plate (412) is also provided with a plurality of through holes (413) for water circulation. The sieve plates (412) are sequentially connected in the circumferential direction to form a sieve drum (41).

4. The water flotation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that The transmission assembly of the screen drum (41) is located above the water surface and has a distance from the water surface.

5. The water flotation machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The water selection mechanism (2) comprises a circulating water tank (21), the circulating water tank (21) comprises a water outlet end and a water return end, the screen drum (41) is located between the water outlet end and the water return end, and the rotation direction of the screen drum (41) is opposite to the water flow direction.

6. The water flotation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that The water outlet is a water spray assembly (22) facing the sieve drum (41). The water spray assembly (22) is directly opposite the sieve drum (41). The water flow ejected from the water spray assembly (22) drives the light matter to flow toward the sieve drum (41).

7. The water flotation machine according to claim 6, characterized in that The water spray assembly (22) comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged evenly at intervals, the nozzles facing the screen drum (41), and arranged in a direction parallel to the axis of the screen drum (41). The circulating water tank (21) is connected to a circulating water pump assembly (24) in communication with the water spray assembly (22).

8. The water flotation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that The return water end is a return water plate (23) located at the bottom of the sieve drum (41). A plurality of return water holes (231) are provided on the return water plate (23). The sieve drum (41) rotates to cause a scraper (411) to scrape across the surface of the return water plate (23) to clean the return water holes (231).

9. The water flotation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A baffle assembly (35) is further provided between the water outlet and the screen drum (41). The baffle assembly (35) is dynamically sealed with the conveyor belt (31) of the heavy material conveying mechanism (3). The heavy material in the baffle assembly (35) is delivered by the heavy material conveying mechanism (3), and the light material follows the water flow to flow toward the screen drum (41).

10. The water flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The heavy material conveying mechanism (3) includes a conveyor belt (31), one end of the conveyor belt (31) is obliquely inserted into the water surface, and the other end is located above the water surface. The portion of the conveyor belt (31) located below the water surface is connected to a belt driven wheel (32), and both ends of the belt driven wheel (32) are connected to bearings (33). The bearings (33) are arranged outside the circulating water tank (21), and a sealing member (34) is provided between the circulating water tank (21) and the belt driven wheel (32). A diversion hole (25) is provided on the circulating water tank (21), and the diversion hole (25) is connected to the sealing member (34).

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