A device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laboratory equipment processing technology, and more specifically to a device for processing slag phases or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes, comprising a washing chamber, an ultrasonic generating chamber, and a vacuum filtration chamber. A stirring mechanism is provided in the washing chamber. An ultrasonic transmitter is provided in the ultrasonic generating chamber. The mixed slag in the washing chamber is vertically connected to the vacuum filtration chamber via a delivery pump, and a filtration body is provided in the vacuum filtration chamber. By providing an ultrasonic generating chamber at the bottom of the washing chamber, a stirring mechanism is provided in the washing chamber, and an ultrasonic transmitter is provided in the ultrasonic generating chamber. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitter generate cavitation effects and strong vibrations when propagating in the liquid, causing the solid particles in the slag phase to be subjected to high-frequency mechanical forces, penetrating into the tiny gaps in the slag phase and fully promoting the dissociation of the particles from soluble impurities. Under the synergistic action of the ultrasonic transmitter and the stirring mechanism, the washing efficiency of the soluble impurities is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laboratory equipment, and in particular to a processing device for slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes. Background Art

[0002] During physical and chemical reactions, solid materials are often produced. This solid material is generally defined as a slag phase. The resulting slag phase often contains a large amount of soluble impurities and residual soluble metal ions. If these impurities are not effectively removed, they may affect subsequent material testing and characterization.

[0003] In current laboratory research, most physical and chemical experimental processes that produce slag phases will face the slag phase washing process and raw material pretreatment process. Specifically, for example: in the material synthesis process, such as when preparing nanomaterials through precipitation reaction, solid particles containing impurities will be obtained. These particles, as slag phases, need to be washed to remove the influence of soluble impurities on the surface on the slag phase detection; for example: in precipitation reaction and crystallization experiments, the surface of the precipitated solid product may be attached with impurities in the mother liquor, and these impurities also need to be removed by washing to obtain a pure product. For example, in metallurgical experiments, such as extracting metals from ores, a slag phase containing unreacted ores and impurities will be produced. Washing the slag material helps to remove harmful impurities therein and improve the recovery rate and purity of the metal. In addition, the detection of the slag phase usually needs to be washed to neutrality to meet the requirements of subsequent instrument detection. If the washing is improper, it will bring serious errors and impacts to the experimental results.

[0004] Currently, laboratory methods for washing slag generated by physical and chemical processes have several shortcomings. Existing washing methods typically involve repeated filtration and washing in traditional vacuum filters until neutral. When the slag phase contains fine particles or the filter cake is thick, the filtrate faces significant resistance to passing through the filter cake and filter cloth, making it difficult for the washing liquid to evenly penetrate the filter cake. This results in inadequate dissolution and removal of impurities within the filter cake, poor sample washing, and significant wastewater discharge. Furthermore, laboratory vacuum filters typically operate intermittently, with relatively short wash cycles. This makes it difficult to ensure sufficient washing time, preventing the complete elution of impurities from the slag phase. Furthermore, each filtration step produces a sample to be tested, which requires manual collection, potentially leading to sample contamination. Excessive impurities or contamination in the sample can severely impact sample analysis. For example, when performing X-ray diffraction analysis on a sample, the presence of impurities can cause additional diffraction peaks to appear in the diffraction pattern. These additional peaks can mask or interfere with the diffraction peaks of the copper sulfate crystals themselves, making it difficult for researchers to accurately determine the crystal structure. For example, when conducting crystal purity testing and melting point determination experiments, the presence of impurities in the sample will lower the melting point of the crystal. This is because impurities will interfere with the crystal lattice structure, lowering the melting point of the crystal, thereby affecting the judgment of the crystal purity.

[0005] Furthermore, during the final washing process of laboratory transition slag, incomplete washing of alkali residue can occur, resulting in varying alkali content in transition slag under the same conditions. The Bayer process for alumina production also suffers from low red mud washing efficiency. Red mud requires treatment with hot water above 60°C and at least five washes to reduce the alkali content to ≤3%. To improve red mud washing efficiency, the existing laboratory washing process involves feeding qualified slurry into the dissolution process, where the dissolution slurry is diluted with red mud washing solution. The diluted dissolution slurry is then conveyed to a tilting disc vacuum filter, where the underflow is diluted with water. The diluted, low-concentration underflow enters the filter disc, where water is added for washing. The filter disc is tilted to unload the mud, completing the Bayer process red mud washing. This method reduces the need for flocculants during red mud settling, reducing costs in the alumina production process. However, subsequent washing of the red mud in the laboratory still requires multiple washes to remove the alkali residue. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes, which solves the technical problems of excessive impurities or contamination in the sample, which will have a serious impact on the detection of the sample, and incomplete alkaline washing requiring multiple washings.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] The present invention provides a device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes, comprising a washing chamber, an ultrasonic generating chamber and a vacuum filtration chamber;

[0009] The washing chamber is provided with a stirring mechanism, and a feeding port for entering the slag phase, material or water is also opened on the side wall of the washing chamber. The stirring mechanism can mix the slag phase or the material with water to obtain a mixed slag;

[0010] The ultrasonic generating chamber is arranged at the bottom of the washing chamber to form a slag phase mixing area. An ultrasonic transmitter is arranged in the ultrasonic generating chamber, and the ultrasonic transmitter is used to generate ultrasonic vibration to vibrate and peel the mixed slag in the washing chamber so that the mixed slag has gaps.

[0011] The vacuum filtration chamber is located on one side of the washing chamber, and the vacuum filtration chamber has an "L"-shaped structure. The slag phase mixing zone is provided on the transverse step end surface of the vacuum filtration chamber, and the mixed slag in the washing chamber is vertically connected to the vacuum filtration chamber through a delivery pump. A connecting hole is provided at the connection between the vacuum filtration chamber and the washing chamber, and a filtration body is provided in the vacuum filtration chamber. The filtration body is located below the connecting hole and is used to separate the mixed slag into sample slag and washing water.

[0012] The suction filtration body is used to transport the sample residue to the sample residue collection body, and is also used to discharge the washing water into the water tank.

[0013] Optionally, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring shaft and stirring blades;

[0014] The top of the stirring shaft passes through the top of the washing chamber and is connected to a driving motor, and the bottom of the stirring shaft is connected to the stirring paddle blades.

[0015] Optionally, there is a certain distance between the axis of the stirring shaft and the axis of the washing chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the stirring paddle blade includes a sleeve connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft, a plurality of stirring connecting rods spaced apart along the circumferential side wall of the sleeve, and an arc-shaped stirring rod provided at the tail end of the stirring connecting rod;

[0017] The arc-shaped stirring rod includes a middle arc-shaped portion fixedly connected to the stirring connecting rod and first arc-shaped portions located on both sides of the middle arc-shaped portion, and one side of the middle arc-shaped portion is hinged to one side of the first arc-shaped portion, and the other sides of the two first arc-shaped portions are hinged to the second arc-shaped portion.

[0018] Optionally, a baffle is provided between the communication hole and the filtration body, the baffle dividing the vacuum filtration chamber into a vertical communication chamber at the top and an L-shaped separation chamber at the bottom, and the vertical communication chamber is connected to the washing chamber via a delivery pump;

[0019] A through hole is provided on the baffle, and a gate valve for controlling the flow of the mixed slag is provided in the through hole. A gas injection port connected to the external gas is also provided at the gate valve. When the mixed slag passes through the gate valve, the gas injection port can introduce gas into the mixed slag.

[0020] Optionally, the suction filtration body includes a belt filter and a conical liquid collecting cylinder, the conical liquid collecting cylinder is located at the top of the "L"-shaped separation chamber, and the conical liquid collecting cylinder divides the "L"-shaped separation chamber into a vertical area and a horizontal area, the belt filter and the sample residue collecting body are both arranged in the vertical area, and the sample residue collecting body is located at the residue outlet of the belt filter;

[0021] The horizontal area serves as the water tank.

[0022] Optionally, the belt filter is inclined, the slag outlet of the belt filter is located at the top, and the horizontal height of the slag outlet is higher than the material receiving port of the sample slag collecting body.

[0023] Optionally, a vacuum pump is provided on the inner cavity side wall of the water tank, and a water outlet is provided at the bottom of the water tank.

[0024] Optionally, the vertically connected chamber of the vacuum filtration chamber is provided with a pressure monitoring module and a liquid level monitoring module;

[0025] The ultrasonic transmitter is provided with a frequency receiving module;

[0026] A pH monitoring module is provided in the water tank;

[0027] A temperature monitoring module is also provided in the washing chamber;

[0028] The stirring mechanism further includes a speed regulating module for controlling the rotation speed of the stirring shaft.

[0029] Optionally, a control mechanism is further included;

[0030] The control mechanism is communicatively connected with the pressure monitoring module, the liquid level monitoring module, the frequency receiving module, the pH monitoring module, the temperature monitoring module and the speed regulating module.

[0031] The present invention provides the following beneficial effects: A device for treating slag or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes comprises an ultrasonic generator chamber disposed at the bottom of a washing chamber, a stirring mechanism disposed within the washing chamber, and an ultrasonic transmitter disposed within the chamber. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitter generate cavitation and intense vibrations when propagating through the liquid, subjecting solid particles in the slag phase to high-frequency mechanical forces that penetrate into the tiny gaps within the slag phase, effectively promoting the dissociation of the particles from soluble impurities. The synergistic effect of the ultrasonic transmitter and stirring mechanism significantly improves the efficiency of washing soluble impurities. This improved washing efficiency eliminates the need for multiple alkali washes. This solves the technical problem of excessive impurities or contamination in samples, which can seriously affect sample testing, and incomplete alkali washes requiring multiple washes.

[0032] In addition, the vacuum filtration chamber has a compact "L"-shaped structure, integrating the washing chamber, ultrasonic generating chamber, and vacuum filtration chamber into one, and the overall device is designed as a desktop structure. Moreover, a filtration body is set in the vacuum filtration chamber to effectively separate the sample residue and washing water. It can realize the automation of the entire process from feeding, washing, filtration to discharging, effectively reducing the contamination that may be caused by manual intervention and improving experimental efficiency and accuracy. The compact and integrated design of the entire device and the desktop structure facilitate laboratory operation and mobility, and are suitable for the efficient washing and processing of slag phases or powder materials containing soluble impurities in laboratory physical and chemical processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The hidden part structure in the test body will show the schematic diagram of the structure;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stirring paddle blade.

[0036] Description of Reference Numerals

[0037] 1. Washing chamber; 2. Ultrasonic generating chamber; 3. Vacuum filtration chamber; 31. Connecting hole; 301. Vertical connecting chamber; 302. "L"-shaped separation chamber; 3021. Vertical area; 3022. Horizontal area; 4. Stirring mechanism; 41. Stirring shaft; 42. Stirring paddle blade; 421. Sleeve; 422. Stirring connecting rod; 423. Arc-shaped stirring rod; 4231. Middle arc-shaped portion; 4232. First arc-shaped portion; 4233. Second arc-shaped portion; 5. Ultrasonic transmitter; 6. Delivery pump; 7. Filtration body; 71. Belt filter; 711. Slag outlet; 72. Conical liquid collecting cylinder; 8. Sample slag collecting body; 9. Water tank; 10. Baffle; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Gate valve; 13. Vacuum pump; 14. Water outlet; 15. Control mechanism; 16. Drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention proposes a device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes, comprising a washing chamber 1, an ultrasonic generating chamber 2, and a vacuum filtration chamber 3. A stirring mechanism 4 is provided in the washing chamber 1, and a feed port 11 for entering the slag phase, material, or water is also provided on the side wall of the washing chamber 1. The stirring mechanism 4 can mix the slag phase or material with water to obtain a mixed slag. The ultrasonic generating chamber 2 is provided at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 to form a slag phase mixing zone. An ultrasonic transmitter 5 is provided in the ultrasonic generating chamber 2. The ultrasonic transmitter 5 is used to generate ultrasonic vibrations to vibrate and peel the mixed slag in the washing chamber 1, so that the mixed slag has gaps and promotes sufficient contact between the mixed slag and water. The vacuum filtration chamber 3 is located on one side of the washing chamber 1. The vacuum filtration chamber 3 has an "L"-shaped structure. The slag mixing zone is located on the transverse step end surface of the vacuum filtration chamber 3. The mixed slag in the washing chamber 1 is vertically connected to the vacuum filtration chamber 3 via a delivery pump 6. A connecting hole 31 is provided at the connection point between the vacuum filtration chamber 3 and the washing chamber 1. A filtration body 7 is provided in the vacuum filtration chamber 3 and is located below the connecting hole 31. The filtration body 7 is used to separate the mixed slag into sample slag and washing water. The filtration body 7 is used to transport the sample slag to the sample slag collection body 8 and is also used to discharge the washing water into the water tank 9.

[0040] In this embodiment, the operating frequency of ultrasonic transmitter 5 is between 20kHz and 100kHz, and the frequency can be adjusted to optimize the washing effect. The washed mixed slag is transported to vacuum filtration chamber 3 via mixed slag delivery pump 6 at the bottom of washing chamber 1. When ultrasonic waves propagate through the liquid, they produce cavitation and strong vibrations. These high-frequency mechanical forces act on the solid particles in the slag phase, stripping away impurities, ions, or oils adhering to the particle surfaces and crevices, effectively promoting the dissociation of the particles from soluble impurities.

[0041] In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation and washing device for slag phase or material processing has a small batch processing capacity and is suitable for laboratory-scale sample washing, with a processing volume of less than 500 g each time.

[0042] It should also be noted that the slag phase can be a slag phase or material produced by a laboratory physical and chemical process, or it can be a powder material containing soluble impurities, such as chlorine-containing rare earth compounds produced by the chlorination method, alkaline red mud discharged during the production of alumina by the calcification transformation method, and acidic slag discharged from the acid treatment of red mud.

[0043] Furthermore, the stirring mechanism 4 includes a stirring shaft 41 and a stirring paddle blade 42. The top of the stirring shaft 41 passes through the top of the washing chamber 1 and is connected to the drive motor 16, and the bottom of the stirring shaft 41 is connected to the stirring paddle blade 42. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the eccentric asymmetric stirring paddle blade 42 is 20rpm~500rpm. The eccentric asymmetric stirring mechanism 4 is used to produce an irregular shearing effect on the liquid, breaking the symmetry of the flow field, so that the pressure of the liquid flow at each point is different, thereby strengthening the relative movement and turbulence between the liquid layers, making the solid particles inside the liquid more evenly dispersed, and increasing the contact area between the solid and liquid phases, thereby improving the washing efficiency of soluble impurities.

[0044] In this embodiment, there is a certain distance h between the axis of the stirring shaft 41 and the axis of the washing chamber 1. The driving motor 16 and the stirring shaft 41 are coaxially arranged, and both the driving motor 16 and the stirring shaft 41 are relative to the vertical axis of the washing chamber 1 ( Figure 1 The stirring mechanism 4 is eccentrically and asymmetrically arranged, and the unique position setting of the stirring shaft 41 during rotation has strong radial discharge performance and dispersion performance, so that the mixed slag produces a more complex motion trajectory and flow pattern during the stirring process, reducing the mixing dead angle of the mixed slag, enabling the mixed slag to be evenly mixed in a shorter time, reducing the deposition and agglomeration of the mixed slag at the bottom of the washing container, improving the mixing efficiency and quality, and promoting the dissolution of the mixed slag or soluble impurities.

[0045] Further, see Figure 3As shown, the stirring paddle blade 42 includes a sleeve 421 connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft 41, a plurality of stirring links 422 spaced apart along the circumferential sidewall of the sleeve 421, and an arcuate stirring rod 423 provided at the tail end of the stirring link 422. Specifically, the arcuate stirring rod 423 includes a middle arcuate portion 4231 fixedly connected to the stirring link 422 and first arcuate portions 4232 located on both sides of the middle arcuate portion 4231, wherein one side of the middle arcuate portion 4231 is hingedly connected to one side of the first arcuate portion 4232, and the other sides of the two first arcuate portions 4232 are hingedly connected to the second arcuate portion 4233. By imitating the unique propulsion mechanism of lobsters, the tail fan structure of the lobster is used as an eccentric asymmetric stirring paddle blade 42. Each fan blade has a stirring connecting rod 422 and an intermediate arc portion 4231, two symmetrical first arc portions 4232 and two symmetrical second arc portions 4233, that is, the arc portion forms five blades. Through the swing amplitude and angle of different parts of the blade, an upward thrust can be generated on the slag phase settling below during stirring, reducing the accumulation of the slag phase and improving the mixing effect. At the same time, the streamlined structure and flexible movement mode of the lobster tail fan enable it to adapt to complex underwater environments. When applied to the stirring paddle blade 42, it can better adapt to different flow field conditions, reduce stirring dead angles, and improve stirring uniformity. The streamlined structure of the tail fan reduces its resistance in water and reduces the energy consumption required for stirring. It also better cooperates with the work of the ultrasonic transmitter 5 to form a mixed slag with gaps.

[0046] Furthermore, a baffle 10 is provided between the communication hole 31 and the filtration body 7. The baffle 10 divides the vacuum filtration chamber 3 into a vertical communication chamber 301 at the top and an L-shaped separation chamber 302 at the bottom. The vertical communication chamber 301 is connected to the washing chamber 1 via the delivery pump 6. A through hole is provided on the baffle 10, and a gate valve 12 is provided in the through hole to control the flow of the mixed slag. The gate valve 12 is also provided with a gas injection port connected to the outside air. When the mixed slag passes through the gate valve 12, the gas injection port can introduce gas into the mixed slag. Open the gate valve 12 that can pass the three phases of gas, liquid and solid, and at the same time turn on the vacuum pump 13 in the water tank 9. At this time, the mixed slag flows into the upper part of the filtration body 7 through the gate valve 12 according to gravity, and then proceeds to the next step of filtration. Before filtration, gas is introduced into the gate valve 12 through the gas injection port of the gate valve 12, which allows the three phases of gas, liquid and solid to circulate. Under the action of the gas, the concentration of solid particles in the mixed slag can be diluted, reducing the liquid-solid ratio of the mixed slag when the mixed slag is transported to the filtration body 7, thereby improving the filtration efficiency of the filtration process. Next, the filtration body 7 performs solid-liquid separation on the mixed slag to produce sample slag and washing water respectively. The sample slag is directly transported to the sample slag collection body 8. The washing water filtered by the filtration body 7 is sucked by the vacuum pump 13; that is, the vacuum pump 13 generates negative pressure under the action of suction, and finally, the mixed slag after washing is completely separated from the sample slag and washing water by the filtration body 7 under the action of negative pressure.

[0047] Furthermore, the filtration body 7 includes a belt filter 71 and a conical liquid collection barrel 72. The conical liquid collection barrel 72 is located at the top of the "L"-shaped separation chamber 302 and divides the "L"-shaped separation chamber 302 into a vertical area 3021 and a horizontal area 3022. The belt filter 71 and the sample residue collection body 8 are both located in the vertical area 3021, and the sample residue collection body 8 is located at the residue outlet 711 of the belt filter 71. The horizontal area 3022 serves as a water tank 9. Under the action of the belt filter 71, the sample residue is automatically discharged into the sample residue collection body 8 on the left side of the belt filter 71 according to the height difference between the residue outlet 711 and the sample residue collection body 8.

[0048] Furthermore, the belt filter 71 is inclined, and the slag outlet 711 of the belt filter 71 is located above, and the horizontal height of the slag outlet 711 is higher than the receiving port of the sample slag collecting body 8. The belt filter 71 has a certain inclination angle, and under its mechanical action, the mixed slag is washed to obtain sample slag and washing water, and the specific filtration structure of the belt filter 71 is an existing equipment, which will not be described in detail here. The sample slag is discharged into the sample slag collecting body 8 to reduce manual contact with the material. The sample slag collecting body 8 is a pull-out type, which is convenient for sampling the sample slag after washing. Finally, the washing water is filtered to the water tank 9 by the vacuum pump 13 in the water tank 9 below the belt filter 71. And the washing liquid flows into the water tank 9 through the liquid outlet of the conical liquid collecting cylinder 72. The setting of the conical cross section facilitates the smooth discharge of the washing liquid.

[0049] Furthermore, a vacuum pump 13 is provided on the inner side wall of the water tank 9 , and a water outlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the water tank 9 .

[0050] Furthermore, the vertically connected chamber 301 of the vacuum filtration chamber 3 is equipped with a pressure monitoring module and a liquid level monitoring module. A frequency receiving module is provided within the ultrasonic transmitter 5. A pH monitoring module is provided within the water tank 9. A temperature monitoring module is also provided within the washing chamber 1. The stirring mechanism 4 also includes a speed adjustment module for controlling the rotational speed of the stirring shaft 41.

[0051] Furthermore, the system further comprises a control mechanism 15. The control mechanism 15 is communicatively connected with the pressure monitoring module, the liquid level monitoring module, the frequency receiving module, the pH monitoring module, the temperature monitoring module and the speed regulating module.

[0052] In this embodiment, the processing device for slag phase or powder material in laboratory physical and chemical processes is provided with an integrated control mechanism 15 with an automatic monitoring function. A temperature sensor is provided inside the washing chamber 1, and a temperature monitoring module is provided in the temperature sensor. The temperature monitoring module can monitor the temperature of the mixed slag in the washing chamber 1 to avoid excessive temperature affecting the slag phase or materials with special requirements; a stirring paddle speed controller is provided in the asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4, and a speed adjustment module is provided in the stirring paddle speed controller; an ultrasonic frequency receiving module is provided in the ultrasonic transmitter 5 to meet the washing needs of different materials. A liquid level alarm is installed in the vacuum filtration chamber 3, and a liquid level monitoring module is provided in the liquid level alarm. Once the liquid level in the vacuum filtration chamber 3 exceeds the alarm height, the processing device for the slag phase or powder material of the laboratory physical and chemical process will sound an alarm and automatically open the emergency stop valve to avoid the risk of overflow of the washing liquid caused by the mixed slag continuing to be transported to the belt filter 71. A solution pH monitor is also provided in the vacuum filtration chamber 3, and a pH monitoring module is provided in the solution pH monitor, and a pressure monitor is also provided in the vacuum filtration chamber 3, and a pressure monitoring module is provided in the pressure detector. Specifically, the control mechanism 15 includes an integrated control box located below the ultrasonic generating chamber 2, and a microprocessor is provided inside the integrated control box. The microprocessor is used to receive various data in the pressure monitoring module, the liquid level monitoring module, the frequency receiving module, the pH monitoring module, the temperature monitoring module and the speed adjustment module and upload them to the corresponding display panel of the integrated control box. The integrated control box is equipped with a pressure monitoring panel displaying the vacuum filtration chamber 3, a liquid level monitoring panel within the vacuum filtration chamber 3, a speed control panel for adjusting the eccentric asymmetric stirring blades 42, a frequency control panel for the ultrasonic transmitter 5, and a panel for monitoring the temperature of the mixed residue in the washing chamber 1 and the pH of the washing water within the vacuum filtration chamber 3. Data-driven determination of the washing endpoint and negative pressure monitoring improve washing efficiency and reduce water consumption. The control mechanism 15 fully automates the washing, filtration, and discharge processes, reducing manual intervention and improving washing efficiency.

[0053] A solid-liquid separation and washing method for slag phase or material processing, the method adopts the above-mentioned processing device for slag phase or powder material in laboratory physical and chemical processes, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Feed the slag phase or material into the washing chamber 1 through the feed port 11, and then add water through the feed port 11.

[0055] S2. Start the stirring mechanism 4 to stir the slag phase or the material and water to form a mixed slag.

[0056] S3. Start the ultrasonic transmitter 5, which vibrates and peels off the mixed slag in S2, so that the mixed slag has gaps.

[0057] S4. The mixed slag in S3 is transported to the vacuum filtration chamber 3 through the transport pump 6.

[0058] S5. The mixed slag in S4 is sent to the suction filtration body 7 through the gate valve 12 for solid-liquid separation.

[0059] S6 further includes S51, injecting gas through the gas injection port of the gate valve 12 before filtering the mixed slag.

[0060] In this embodiment, a solid-liquid separation and washing method for slag phase or material processing overcomes the drawbacks of existing physical and chemical processes, such as low washing efficiency in the slag phase, resulting in high levels of soluble impurities in the slag phase, excessive impurities in the sample, or contamination, which can seriously impact sample testing, as well as technical issues such as incomplete alkaline washing and the need for multiple washes. To achieve efficient slag phase washing during physical and chemical experiments, an ultrasonic generator 2 is positioned below a washing chamber 1. An ultrasonic transmitter 5 within the ultrasonic generator 2 and an asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4 combine eccentric asymmetric mechanical stirring with ultrasonic waves to efficiently wash soluble impurities from the slag phase or powdered material. Specifically, the enhanced washing effect of ultrasonic washing and asymmetric stirring significantly improves the washing efficiency of the mixed phase. This device for treating slag phase or powdered material in laboratory physical and chemical processes improves washing efficiency by more than three times compared to conventional washing devices, while saving over 40% of washing water. The overall device is designed as a compact benchtop structure, making it easy to place on a laboratory bench for operation.

[0061] The mixed slag then flows out of the mixed slag delivery pump 6 at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 and into the vacuum filtration chamber 3. The gate valve 12, through which all three phases of gas, liquid, and solid can pass, is opened and gas is introduced through the gas injection port. The mixed slag that settles in the vacuum filtration chamber 3 is then transported to the belt filter 71 via the gate valve 12. The gas dilutes the solid particle concentration in the mixed phase, reducing the liquid-to-solid ratio of the mixed slag delivered to the belt filter 71 and improving the efficiency of the filtration process. Finally, the washing water phase rapidly flows into the water tank 9 through the belt filter 71 at the top of the vacuum filtration chamber 3. Under the action of the belt filter 71, the mixed slag is automatically discharged into the sample slag collection body 8. The washing water is discharged through the washing water outlet 14 at the bottom of the water tank 9. This device enhances the cleaning of soluble impurities from slag phases or powder materials during physical and chemical experiments. In the cleaning chamber 1, an eccentric, asymmetric stirring mechanism and ultrasonic transmitter 5 provide efficient cleaning. Gas is introduced through the gas injection port of gate valve 12, reducing the liquid-to-solid ratio during the filtration process and thereby improving filtration efficiency. This enhanced cleaning process ensures thorough and efficient cleaning of powder materials or slag phases containing soluble impurities, particularly viscous and clumping slag phases, to produce finished products. Furthermore, the entire device is designed as a compact benchtop structure, making it easy to place on a laboratory bench for operation. The overall structure and process are simple, operation is convenient, the device is compact, and the cost is low, with low energy consumption. An automated control system automates the entire washing, filtration, and discharge process, reducing the risk of material contamination caused by manual intervention. Furthermore, temperature, liquid level, and pH monitoring functions further improve cleaning efficiency and reduce water consumption, ensuring efficient cleaning of soluble impurities from the slag phase during laboratory physical and chemical processes.

[0062] Moreover, in the prior art, the laboratory vacuum filtration washing devices currently available on the market are relatively simple, all of which adopt a split structure in which a suction filter and a suction flask are connected. The method adopted is to add the material to a Büchner funnel connected to the suction flask, and by adding water, the water will be suction-filtered into the water bottle under the action of negative pressure, and then repeatedly add water to wash. Therefore, the material will be deposited below the Büchner funnel to form a relatively dense structure during the first washing and filtration process, reducing the washing efficiency and the leakage rate of water during the vacuum filtration process. If in order to speed up the washing effect, it is necessary to take out the deposited material, then put it into a beaker for stirring and dispersion, and then continue to add the Büchner funnel to suction-filter and wash again, so it is an intermittent operation, and the standard for judging the washing end point is usually to measure the acidity and alkalinity of the water under the suction filtration dialysis by pH test paper, which is prone to error. Below in conjunction with specific embodiments, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] A conventional laboratory vacuum filtration and washing apparatus was used, consisting of a vacuum filter, a filtration bottle, and a Büchner funnel mounted on the filtration bottle. The vacuum filter was turned on, and 200 g of the slag phase from calcified biomass was added to a Büchner funnel lined with filter paper. Under the negative pressure of the vacuum filtration unit, wash water flowed from the bottom of the Büchner funnel into the filtration bottle, leaving the slag phase inside. During the filtration process, filter cake accumulated at the bottom of the Büchner funnel, resulting in a slower flow of wash water through the filter cake. Furthermore, since the filtration bottle had a maximum capacity of only 5 L, the Büchner funnel had to be disassembled each time the filtration bottle filled, pouring out the wash water and then reconnecting it to continue the filtration process. The filtration and washing process was repeated six times until the filtered water was neutral. The entire washing process took 265 minutes and consumed 30 L of wash water. The final alkali content of the washed sample slag phase was 2.58%.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] A solid-liquid separation and washing method for treating slag phases or materials is disclosed. The method utilizes a device for treating slag phases or powdered materials from laboratory physical and chemical processes. 200 g of calcified, biomassified slag phase (obtained under the same experimental conditions as in Comparative Example 1) is added to a washing chamber 1. Washing water is then added through the inlet 11 of the washing chamber 1. An ultrasonic transmitter 5 and an asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4 are activated, and washing is performed for 5 minutes. After the time expires, the ultrasonic transmitter 5 and stirring mechanism 4 are turned off to form a mixed slag. The mixed slag then flows out of the bottom of the washing chamber 1 through a mixed slag delivery pump 6 into a vacuum filtration chamber 3. The gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 is opened to introduce air into the mixed slag. The mixed slag is then delivered through the gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 (i.e., a ball valve) to the top of a belt filter 71, thereby reducing the liquid-to-solid ratio during the filtration process and enhancing filtration efficiency. At the same time, the mixed slag settles rapidly under the action of the vortex, and the finally washed sample slag is filtered on the surface by the belt filter 71 and discharged through the slag outlet 711, which not only reduces the impact of the slowdown in filtration speed caused by filter cake accumulation, but also reduces the hidden danger of sample contamination caused by manual operation; after washing the transformation slag three times under the same conditions, the alkali content in the transformation slag is 1.53%, the metallurgical slag washing time is a total of 30 minutes, and 15L of washing water is finally consumed.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A solid-liquid separation and washing method for treating a slag phase or material, the method using a device for treating a slag phase or powder material in a laboratory physical and chemical process, adding 200 g of a calcified biomassed slag phase (the slag phase is obtained under the same experimental conditions as in Comparative Example 1) into a washing chamber 1, and simultaneously adding washing water through a feed inlet 11 of the washing chamber 1, turning on an ultrasonic transmitter 5 and an asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4 for washing for 10 minutes. After the time is up, the ultrasonic transmitter 5 and the stirring mechanism 4 are turned off, and the mixed slag then flows out of a mixed slag delivery pump 6 at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 into a vacuum filtration chamber 3, opening a gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 to introduce air into the mixed slag, and the mixed slag is delivered to the top of a belt filter 71 through the gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 (i.e., a ball valve), thereby reducing the liquid-solid ratio of the filtration process and enhancing the filtration efficiency. At the same time, the mixed slag settles rapidly under the action of the vortex, and the finally washed sample slag is filtered on the surface by the belt filter 71 and discharged through the slag outlet 711, which not only reduces the impact of the slowdown in filtration speed caused by filter cake accumulation, but also reduces the hidden danger of sample contamination caused by manual operation; after washing the transformation slag three times under the same conditions, the alkali content in the transformation slag is 1.21%, the metallurgical slag washing time is a total of 45 minutes, and 15L of washing water is finally consumed.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] A solid-liquid separation and washing method for treating a slag phase or material, the method using a device for treating a slag phase or powder material in a laboratory physical and chemical process, adding 200 g of a calcified biomassed slag phase (the slag phase is obtained under the same experimental conditions as in Comparative Example 1) into a washing chamber 1, and simultaneously adding washing water through a feed inlet 11 of the washing chamber 1, turning on an ultrasonic transmitter 5 and an asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4 for washing for 15 minutes. After the time is up, the ultrasonic transmitter 5 and the mechanical stirring mechanism 4 are turned off, and the mixed slag then flows out of a mixed slag delivery pump 6 at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 into a vacuum filtration chamber 3, opening a gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 to introduce air into the mixed slag, and the mixed slag is delivered to the top of a belt filter 71 through the gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 (i.e., a ball valve), thereby reducing the liquid-solid ratio of the filtration process and enhancing the filtration efficiency. At the same time, the mixed slag settles rapidly under the action of the vortex, and the finally washed sample slag is filtered on the surface by the belt filter 71 and discharged through the slag outlet 711, which not only reduces the impact of the slowdown in filtration speed caused by filter cake accumulation, but also reduces the hidden danger of sample contamination caused by manual operation; after washing the transformation slag twice under the same conditions, the alkali content in the transformation slag is 1.15%, the metallurgical slag washing time is a total of 40 minutes, and 10L of washing water is finally consumed.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A solid-liquid separation and washing method for treating a slag phase or material, the method using a device for treating a slag phase or powder material in a laboratory physical and chemical process, adding 200 g of a calcified biomassed slag phase (the slag phase is obtained under the same experimental conditions as in Comparative Example 1) into a washing chamber 1, and simultaneously adding washing water through a feed inlet 11 of the washing chamber 1, turning on an ultrasonic transmitter 5 and an asymmetric mechanical stirring mechanism 4 for washing for 20 minutes. After the time expires, the ultrasonic transmitter 5 and the stirring mechanism are turned off, and the mixed slag then flows out of a mixed slag delivery pump 6 at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 into a vacuum filtration chamber 3, opening a gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 to introduce air into the mixed slag, and the mixed slag is delivered to the top of a belt filter 71 through the gas-liquid-solid three-phase gate valve 12 (i.e., a ball valve), thereby reducing the liquid-solid ratio of the filtration process and enhancing the filtration efficiency. At the same time, the mixed slag settles rapidly under the action of the vortex, and the finally washed sample slag is filtered on the surface by the belt filter 71 and discharged through the slag outlet 711, which not only reduces the impact of the slowdown in filtration speed caused by filter cake accumulation, but also reduces the hidden danger of sample contamination caused by manual operation; after washing the transformation slag three times under the same conditions, the alkali in the transformation slag is 1%, the washing time of the mixed slag phase is a total of 75 minutes, and 15L of washing water is finally consumed.

[0073] In summary, in this embodiment, efficient washing is achieved in washing chamber 1 through an eccentric, asymmetric stirring mechanism and ultrasonic emitter 5. Gas is introduced through the gas injection port of gate valve 12, reducing the liquid-to-solid ratio during the filtration process and thereby improving filtration efficiency. The entire process, through enhanced washing, achieves sufficient and efficient washing of powder materials containing soluble impurities or slag phases, particularly viscous and easily agglomerated slag phases, to obtain finished materials. The entire device is automatically controlled, enabling the washing, filtration, and discharge processes to be completed, saving significant washing time, improving washing efficiency, and reducing water consumption.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0075] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes, characterized by: A washing chamber (1), an ultrasonic generating chamber (2) and a vacuum filtration chamber (3); A stirring mechanism (4) is provided in the washing chamber (1), and a feed port (11) for entering a slag phase, material or water is also provided on a side wall of the washing chamber (1). The stirring mechanism (4) can mix the slag phase or the material with water to obtain a mixed slag; The ultrasonic generating chamber (2) is arranged at the bottom of the washing chamber (1) to form a slag phase mixing zone, and an ultrasonic transmitter (5) is arranged in the ultrasonic generating chamber (2). The ultrasonic transmitter (5) is used to generate ultrasonic vibrations to vibrate and peel the mixed slag in the washing chamber (1) so that the mixed slag has gaps; The vacuum filtration chamber (3) is located on one side of the washing chamber (1), and the vacuum filtration chamber (3) is in an "L"-shaped structure. The slag phase mixing zone is provided on the transverse step end face of the vacuum filtration chamber (3), and the mixed slag in the washing chamber (1) is vertically connected to the vacuum filtration chamber (3) through a delivery pump (6). A connecting hole (31) is provided at the connection point between the vacuum filtration chamber (3) and the washing chamber (1). A filtration body (7) is provided in the vacuum filtration chamber (3), and the filtration body (7) is located below the connecting hole (31). The filtration body (7) is used to separate the mixed slag into sample slag and washing water. The filtration body (7) is used to transport the sample residue to the sample residue collection body (8), and is also used to discharge the washing water into the water tank (9); A baffle (10) is provided between the communication hole (31) and the filtration body (7), and the baffle (10) divides the vacuum filtration chamber (3) into a vertical communication chamber (301) at the top and an "L"-shaped separation chamber (302) at the bottom, and the vertical communication chamber (301) is connected to the washing chamber (1) via a delivery pump (6); The baffle (10) is provided with a through hole, and a gate valve (12) for controlling the flow of the mixed slag is provided in the through hole. The gate valve (12) is also provided with a gas injection port connected to the outside gas. When the mixed slag passes through the gate valve (12), the gas injection port can inject gas into the mixed slag. The filtration body (7) includes a belt filter (71) and a conical liquid collecting cylinder (72), wherein the conical liquid collecting cylinder (72) is located at the top of the "L"-shaped separation chamber (302), and the conical liquid collecting cylinder (72) divides the "L"-shaped separation chamber (302) into a vertical area (3021) and a horizontal area (3022), and the belt filter (71) and the sample residue collecting body (8) are both arranged in the vertical area (3021), and the sample residue collecting body (8) is located at the residue outlet (711) of the belt filter (71); The horizontal area (3022) serves as the water tank (9).

2. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (4) includes a stirring shaft (41) and a stirring paddle blade (42); The top of the stirring shaft (41) passes through the top of the washing chamber (1) and is connected to a drive motor (16), and the bottom of the stirring shaft (41) is connected to the stirring paddle blade (42).

3. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a certain distance between the axis of the stirring shaft (41) and the axis of the washing chamber (1).

4. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring paddle blade (42) comprises a sleeve (421) connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft (41), a plurality of stirring connecting rods (422) spaced apart along the circumferential side wall of the sleeve (421), and an arc-shaped stirring rod (423) arranged at the tail end of the stirring connecting rod (422); The arc-shaped stirring rod (423) comprises a middle arc-shaped portion (4231) fixedly connected to the stirring connecting rod (422) and first arc-shaped portions (4232) located on both sides of the middle arc-shaped portion (4231), and one side of the middle arc-shaped portion (4231) is hinged to one side of the first arc-shaped portion (4232), and the other sides of the two first arc-shaped portions (4232) are hinged to the second arc-shaped portion (4233).

5. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt filter (71) is inclined, the slag outlet (711) of the belt filter (71) is located at the top, and the horizontal height of the slag outlet (711) is higher than the material receiving port of the sample slag collecting body (8).

6. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vacuum pump (13) is provided on the inner cavity side wall of the water tank (9), and a water outlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the water tank (9).

7. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertically connected chamber (301) of the vacuum filtration chamber (3) is provided with a pressure monitoring module and a liquid level monitoring module; The ultrasonic transmitter (5) is provided with a frequency receiving module; A pH monitoring module is provided in the water tank (9); A temperature monitoring module is also provided in the washing chamber (1); The stirring mechanism (4) further comprises a rotation speed regulating module for controlling the rotation speed of the stirring shaft (41).

8. The device for processing slag phase or powder materials in laboratory physical and chemical processes according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included are control mechanisms (15); The control mechanism (15) is communicatively connected to the pressure monitoring module, the liquid level monitoring module, the frequency receiving module, the pH monitoring module, the temperature monitoring module and the speed regulating module.

Images