A down-the-hole drill bit expansion structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure, comprising a drill bit body, drill teeth embedded in the bottom of the drill bit body, an exhaust hole one provided in the drill bit body, the exhaust hole one being used to blow out debris and dust at the bottom of the hole, mounting grooves provided in a ring array on the side end of the drill bit body, a reaming assembly rotatably arranged in the mounting groove, a pneumatic assembly for driving the reaming assembly to rotate out and retract is further provided in the drill bit body, the pneumatic assembly is connected to the exhaust hole one, and by arranging the reaming assembly and the pneumatic assembly, when the drill bit body is drilling downward, the reaming assembly is extended to increase the diameter of the hole, and when the drilling is completed, the reaming assembly is retracted, so that the diameter of the drill bit body is smaller than the diameter of the casing, so that the drill bit body will not interfere with the casing when it moves back.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drill bit, in particular to a down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure. Background Art

[0002] A down-the-hole drill is a rock drilling equipment whose main function is to drill holes on the ground or in mines. Drilling rigs can be used for drilling holes in mines, pouring cement piles on construction sites, digging wells, etc.

[0003] The down-the-hole drill bit is the core component of the down-the-hole drill rig. It works by using high-pressure airflow to impact the piston, generating high-frequency impact force and transmitting it to the drill bit. The drill bit breaks the rock under the combined action of impact force and rotary torque. At the same time, the airflow passes through the central hole of the drill bit to discharge the rock cuttings along the annulus between the drill pipe and the hole wall.

[0004] Currently, a Chinese patent with publication number CN105829632A discloses a down-the-hole hammer drill bit assembly, comprising a bottom valve and a drill bit component, wherein the bottom valve and the drill bit component have respective abutment areas in the form of cooperating lugs and shoulders, and the lugs and shoulders can be engaged by rotation of the valve relative to the drill bit component to allow the lugs and shoulders to radially overlap, thereby locking the valve on the drill bit component.

[0005] The above patent still has shortcomings. When encountering extremely loose, broken, large cracks or serious leakage and water gushing formations, casing needs to be lowered in time after the hole is drilled to prevent the hole from collapsing after the down-the-hole drill bit is removed. The existing casing lowering method is generally staged drilling. First, a larger drill bit is used to drill a hole of a certain depth. After the drill bit is removed, the casing is lowered, and then a smaller drill bit is used to continue drilling. The diameter of the casing each time needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the next-level drill bit. Using this method requires continuous lifting and replacement of the drill bit, and the drilling efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure, which can complete casing running without lifting and replacing the drill bit.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure, comprising a drill bit body, a drill tooth embedded in the bottom of the drill bit body, an exhaust hole one provided in the drill bit body, the exhaust hole one being used to blow out debris and dust at the bottom of the hole, an installation groove provided in a ring array on the side end of the drill bit body, a reaming assembly rotatably arranged in the installation groove, a pneumatic assembly for driving the reaming assembly to rotate out and retract is also provided in the drill bit body, the pneumatic assembly is connected to the exhaust hole one, and an exhaust hole two is also provided in the installation groove, the exhaust hole two is connected to the exhaust hole one.

[0008] Through the above-mentioned technical means, by setting up a reaming assembly and a pneumatic assembly, when the drill bit body is drilling downward, the reaming assembly is extended to increase the diameter of the hole, and when the drilling is completed, the reaming assembly is retracted, so that the diameter of the drill bit body is smaller than the diameter of the casing, so that the drill bit body will not interfere with the casing when moving back. When drilling, the casing can move downward with the drill bit, and there is no need to move the drill bit out and replace it, thereby increasing the drilling efficiency and further preventing the hole from collapsing. By setting the second exhaust hole, when the reaming assembly is drilling, dust is prevented from getting stuck in the installation groove and making it unable to rotate, and at the same time, the dust and gravel drilled out by the reaming assembly are discharged.

[0009] Preferably, the reaming assembly includes a reaming block, a rotating rod and a mounting block. A rotating hole is vertically opened in the mounting groove. The rotating rod is rotatably set in the rotating hole. The pneumatic assembly drives the rotating rod to rotate and drives the reaming block to rotate. The reaming block is also embedded with drill teeth. The mounting block is detachably connected to the drill body and is used to support the reaming block.

[0010] Through the above technical means, the expansion block is rotated out through the rotational cooperation between the rotating rod and the rotating hole. By setting the installation block, the processing of the rotating hole is facilitated and the installation of the expansion block is made more convenient, while the force-bearing capacity of the expansion block is guaranteed.

[0011] Preferably, the reaming assembly also includes a second rotating rod, and key slot holes are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the reaming block. The first rotating rod and the second rotating rod respectively cooperate with the two key slot holes. A U-shaped groove is also provided in the mounting block, and the upper end of the second rotating rod is inserted into the U-shaped groove.

[0012] Through the above technical means, by setting up the second rotating rod, the expansion block can disperse the lateral shear force received by the first rotating rod to the second rotating rod when drilling, thereby increasing the structural strength and preventing the first rotating rod from being broken due to excessive shear force.

[0013] Preferably, a driving air channel 1 and a driving air channel 2 are further provided in the drill bit body, and the driving air channel 1 and the driving air channel 2 are respectively connected to the pneumatic component, and the pneumatic component controls the rotation of the reaming component. An air path adjustment component is also provided in the drill bit body, and when the drill bit works downward, the air path adjustment component controls the driving air channel 1 to open and assists the reaming component to rotate out, and when the drill bit retracts upward, the air path adjustment component controls the driving air channel 2 to open and retract the reaming component.

[0014] Through the above-mentioned technical means, the pneumatic component is controlled by driving air channel one and driving air channel two, so that the air pressure is used to ensure that the reaming component can be rotated out before drilling. When drilling, the abutment between it and the mounting groove and the friction between the reaming component and the hole can ensure that the reaming component will not be easily rotated back, and the connection between driving air channel one, driving air channel two and exhaust hole one is adjusted by the air path adjustment component.

[0015] Preferably, the air circuit adjustment assembly includes a butt, an air circuit rod, a pressure spring and a threaded locking rod. The exhaust hole 1 includes a main exhaust hole and a side exhaust hole. The air circuit rod is arranged at the junction of the main exhaust hole and the side exhaust hole, and slides with the main exhaust hole. The butt is arranged at the bottom of the air circuit rod, and the bottom of the butt is also provided with drill teeth. The threaded locking rod is fixed in the main exhaust hole, and the pressure spring is arranged between the threaded locking rod and the air circuit rod.

[0016] Through the above technical means, through the cooperation of the abutment and the pressure spring, when the drill bit body is drilling a hole, the bottom of the abutment is pressed against the bottom of the hole body. When the drill bit is lifted up to push the hole out, the drill bit is suspended in the air, and the pressure spring drives the air rod and the abutment to extend, thereby changing the position of the air rod.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting air circuit is opened in the air circuit rod, and a vent hole is opened in the threaded locking rod. When the abutment head is against the bottom of the hole, the pressure spring is compressed, and the connecting air circuit is connected with the driving air channel 1. When the drill body is lifted, the pressure spring drives the air circuit rod to move downward, and the connecting air circuit is connected with the driving air channel 2.

[0018] By means of the above technical means, the connecting air path is moved between the driving air channel 1 and the driving air channel 2, thereby controlling whether the hole expansion assembly pops out.

[0019] Preferably, the pneumatic component includes a mounting shell, a piston rod and a return spring, a rack shaft is provided at the end of the piston rod, and the rack shaft drives the pneumatic component to rotate, and the side end and the tail end of the mounting shell are respectively provided with input air hole 1 and input air hole 2, and the input air hole 1 and input air hole 2 respectively drive the piston rod to move left and right.

[0020] The above technical means can realize the ejection and retraction of the hole expansion component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic top view of an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the installation block;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the pneumatic component;

[0027] Figure 7 AA is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pneumatic component;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the hole expansion component.

[0029] Figure markings: 1. drill bit body; 2. drill teeth; 3. exhaust hole 1; 4. mounting groove; 5. reaming assembly; 6. pneumatic assembly; 7. exhaust hole 2; 8. reaming block; 9. rotating rod 1; 10. mounting block; 11. rotating hole; 12. rotating rod 2; 14. U-shaped groove; 15. protrusion; 16. driving air channel 1; 17. driving air channel 2; 18. air path adjustment assembly; 19. butt; 20. air path rod; 21. pressure spring; 22. threaded locking rod; 23. main exhaust hole; 24. side exhaust hole; 25. mounting shell; 26. piston rod; 27. reset spring; 28. rack shaft; 29. ​​input air hole 1; 30. input air hole 2; 31. connecting air path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to make the technical solutions of the present invention easier to understand and grasp.

[0031] A down-the-hole drill reaming structure includes a drill body 1, a drill tooth 2 is embedded in the bottom of the drill body 1, an exhaust hole 3 is opened in the drill body 1, the exhaust hole 3 is used to blow out debris and dust at the bottom of the hole, the side end of the drill body 1 is provided with a mounting groove 4 in an annular array, a reaming component 5 is rotatably arranged in the mounting groove 4, and a pneumatic component 6 for driving the reaming component 5 to rotate out and retract is also provided in the drill body 1, the pneumatic component 6 is communicated with the exhaust hole 3, and the mounting groove 4 is further provided with an exhaust hole 2 7, the exhaust hole 2 7 is communicated with the exhaust hole 3. By arranging the reaming component 5 and the pneumatic component 6, the drill bit body 1 can be used to reduce the dust and dust at the bottom of the hole. When the head body 1 is drilling downward, the reaming assembly 5 is extended to increase the diameter of the hole. When the drilling is completed, the reaming assembly 5 is retracted, so that the diameter of the drill body 1 is smaller than the diameter of the casing, so that the drill body 1 will not interfere with the casing when moving back. When drilling, the casing can move downward with the drill bit, and there is no need to move the drill bit out and replace it, thereby increasing the drilling efficiency and further preventing the hole from collapsing. By providing the exhaust hole 7, when the reaming assembly 5 is drilling, dust is prevented from getting stuck in the mounting groove 4, making it unable to rotate, and at the same time, the dust and gravel drilled out by the reaming assembly 5 are discharged.

[0032] The reaming assembly 5 includes a reaming block 8, a rotating rod 9 and a mounting block 10. A rotating hole 11 is vertically opened in the mounting groove 4. The rotating rod 9 is rotatably set in the rotating hole 11. The reaming block 8 is rotatably set in the mounting groove 4 through the rotating rod 9. When the reaming block 8 is rotated out, the inner side wall of the mounting groove 4 resists the reaming block 8 and applies a resisting force to the reaming block 8. The designed rotation direction of the reaming block 8 should be opposite to the rotation direction of the drill body 1 itself to ensure that the reaming block 8 will not retract due to friction. The pneumatic assembly 6 is used to drive the rotating rod 9 and the reaming block 8 to pre-rotate. The reaming block 8 is also embedded with a drill tooth 2. The mounting block 10 is detachably connected to the drill body 1 and is used to resist the reaming block 8.

[0033] The reaming assembly 5 also includes a rotating rod 2 12. Key slots are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the reaming block 8. The rotating rod 1 9 and the rotating rod 2 12 cooperate with the two key slots respectively. The key slots are preferably splined, and the force is relatively uniform. A U-shaped groove 14 is also provided in the mounting block 10. The upper end of the rotating rod 2 12 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 14. During installation, the rotating rod 1 9 is first inserted into the rotating hole 11, and then the reaming block 8 is installed on the rotating rod 1 9, and then the rotating rod 2 12 is inserted into the key slot above the reaming block 8. Finally, push in the mounting block 10 and tighten it with bolts. A protrusion 15 is also provided on the inside of the mounting block 10. The protrusion 15 is stuck in the drill body 1 to ensure the force strength of the mounting block 10 and prevent the impact force received by the drill body 1 from being concentrated on the bolts, thereby increasing the service life. By setting the rotating rod 2 12, the lateral shear force received by the rotating rod 1 9 when the hole expansion block 8 is drilled is dispersed to the rotating rod 2 12, thereby increasing the structural strength and preventing the rotating rod 9 from being broken due to excessive shear force.

[0034] A driving air channel 1 16 and a driving air channel 2 17 are also provided in the drill body 1. The driving air channel 16 is arranged in the exhaust hole 2 7. The driving air channel 16 and the driving air channel 2 17 are respectively connected to the pneumatic component 6, and the pneumatic component 6 controls the rotation of the reaming component 5. An air path regulating component 18 is also provided in the drill body 1. When the drill bit works downward, the air path regulating component 18 controls the driving air channel 1 16 to open and assists the reaming component 5 to rotate out. When the drill bit retracts upward, the air path regulating component 18 controls the driving air channel 2 17 to open and retract the reaming component 5. The pneumatic component 6 is controlled by the driving air channel 1 16 and the driving air channel 2 17, so that the reaming component 5 can be pre-rotated before drilling. When drilling, the abutment between the driving air channel 1 and the mounting groove 4 and the friction between the reaming component 5 and the hole can ensure that the reaming component 5 will not rotate back easily. The air path regulating component 18 regulates the connection and disconnection between the driving air channel 1 16, the driving air channel 2 17 and the exhaust hole 1 3.

[0035] The air circuit adjustment assembly 18 includes a butt 19, an air circuit rod 20, a pressure spring 21 and a threaded locking rod 22. The exhaust hole 3 includes a main exhaust hole 23 and a side exhaust hole 24. The air circuit rod 20 is arranged at the junction of the main exhaust hole 23 and the side exhaust hole 24, and slides with the main exhaust hole 23. The butt 19 is arranged at the bottom of the air circuit rod 20. The bottom of the butt 19 is also provided with a drill tooth 2. The threaded locking rod 22 is fixed in the main exhaust hole 23. The pressure spring 21 is arranged between the threaded locking rod 22 and the air circuit rod 20. Through the cooperation of the butt 19 and the pressure spring 21, when the drill bit body 1 is drilling a hole, the bottom of the butt 19 is pressed against the bottom of the hole body. When the drill bit body 1 is lifted to exit the hole, the drill bit body 1 is suspended, and the pressure spring 21 drives the air circuit rod 20 and the butt 19 to extend, thereby changing the position of the air circuit rod 20.

[0036] The pneumatic assembly 6 includes a mounting shell 25, a piston rod 26 and a return spring 27. A rack shaft 28 is provided at the end of the piston rod 26. A tooth that cooperates with the rack shaft 28 is provided on the rotating rod 9. The rack shaft 28 drives the pneumatic assembly 6 to rotate. The side end and the tail of the mounting shell 25 are respectively provided with an input air hole 1 29 and an input air hole 2 30. The input air hole 1 29 is connected to the driving air channel 1 16, and the input air hole 2 30 is connected to the driving air channel 2 17. A connecting air path 31 is provided in the air path rod 20, and a vent is provided in the threaded locking rod 22. When the head 19 is against the bottom of the hole, the pressure spring 21 is compressed. At this time, the main exhaust hole 23, the connecting air path 31 and the driving air channel 1 16, the driving air channel 2 17, and the exhaust hole 2 7 are all connected, but because a return spring 27 is set at the tail of the piston rod 26, when there is air pressure in both the driving air channel 16 and the driving air channel 2 17, the pressure in the driving air channel 2 17 cannot drive the piston rod 26 to move. When the drill body 1 is lifted, the pressure spring 21 drives the air circuit rod 20 to move downward. At this time, the main exhaust hole 23 and the connecting air path 31 are only connected to the driving air channel 2 17, and the air pressure in the driving air channel 1 16 and the exhaust hole 2 7 disappears. Therefore, the driving air channel 2 17 can push the piston rod 26 to move and compress the return spring 27 to retract the expansion block 8. The main purpose of closing the exhaust hole 2 7 is to prevent the residual air flow from the exhaust hole 2 7 when the exhaust hole 1 3 is out of air and interferes with the retraction action.

[0037] Of course, the above are only typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may also have many other specific implementation methods. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure, comprising a drill bit body (1), a drill tooth (2) embedded in the bottom of the drill bit body (1), an exhaust hole (3) opened in the drill bit body (1), and the exhaust hole (3) is used to blow out debris and dust at the bottom of the hole, wherein: The side end of the drill body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (4) in a circular array, a hole reaming assembly (5) is rotatably provided in the mounting groove (4), a pneumatic assembly (6) for driving the hole reaming assembly (5) to rotate out and retract is also provided in the drill body (1), the pneumatic assembly (6) is communicated with the exhaust hole 1 (3), and the mounting groove (4) is also provided with an exhaust hole 2 (7), the exhaust hole 2 (7) is communicated with the exhaust hole 1 (3); A driving air channel 1 (16) and a driving air channel 2 (17) are further provided in the drill bit body (1). The driving air channel 1 (16) and the driving air channel 2 (17) are respectively connected to the pneumatic assembly (6), and the pneumatic assembly (6) controls the rotation of the reaming assembly (5). An air path regulating assembly (18) is further provided in the drill bit body (1). When the drill bit is working downward, the air path regulating assembly (18) controls the driving air channel 1 (16) to open and assists the reaming assembly (5) to rotate out. When the drill bit is retracting upward, the air path regulating assembly (18) controls the driving air channel 2 (17) to open and retract the reaming assembly (5). The air circuit regulating assembly (18) includes a butt (19), an air circuit rod (20), a pressure spring (21) and a threaded locking rod (22); the exhaust hole (3) includes a main exhaust hole (23) and a side exhaust hole (24); the air circuit rod (20) is arranged at the junction of the main exhaust hole (23) and the side exhaust hole (24) and is slidably matched with the main exhaust hole (23); the butt (19) is arranged at the bottom of the air circuit rod (20); the bottom of the butt (19) is also provided with a drill tooth (2); the threaded locking rod (22) is fixed in the main exhaust hole (23); and the pressure spring (21) is arranged between the threaded locking rod (22) and the air circuit rod (20).

2. The down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaming assembly (5) comprises a reaming block (8), a rotating rod (9) and a mounting block (10). A rotating hole (11) is vertically opened in the mounting groove (4). The rotating rod (9) is rotatably arranged in the rotating hole (11). The pneumatic assembly (6) drives the rotating rod (9) to rotate and drives the reaming block (8) to rotate. The reaming block (8) is also embedded with a drill tooth (2). The mounting block (10) is detachably connected to the drill body (1) and is used to support the reaming block (8).

3. The down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaming assembly (5) further includes a second rotating rod (12), and key slots are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the reaming block (8). The first rotating rod (9) and the second rotating rod (12) respectively cooperate with the two key slots. A U-shaped groove (14) is also provided in the mounting block (10), and the upper end of the second rotating rod (12) is inserted into the U-shaped groove (14).

4. The down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting air circuit (31) is provided in the air circuit rod (20), and a vent hole is provided in the threaded locking rod (22). When the abutting head (19) abuts against the bottom of the hole, the pressure spring (21) is compressed, and the connecting air circuit (31) is communicated with the driving air channel 1 (16). When the drill body (1) is lifted, the pressure spring (21) drives the air circuit rod (20) to move downward, and the connecting air circuit (31) is communicated with the driving air channel 2 (17).

5. The down-the-hole drill bit reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic assembly (6) includes a mounting shell (25), a piston rod (26) and a return spring (27). A rack shaft (28) is provided at the end of the piston rod (26). The rack shaft (28) drives the pneumatic assembly (6) to rotate. The side end and the tail end of the mounting shell (25) are respectively provided with an input air hole 1 (29) and an input air hole 2 (30). The input air hole 1 (29) and the input air hole 2 (30) respectively drive the piston rod (26) to move left and right.

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