Wellhead throttling pressure control production system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas extraction, and particularly discloses a wellhead throttling pressure control production system and method. A fixed throttling valve and an electric adjusting valve are arranged; data are collected through a control system, control instructions are obtained through automatic calculation, and the control instructions are transmitted to all levels of pressure and temperature transmitters and electric adjusting valves; data acquisition is carried out through pressure and temperature transmitters at all levels, an electric adjusting valve is adjusted, after one-time adjustment control is carried out, a control system continues to collect data, a control instruction is obtained, and next circulation is carried out; the gas recovery speed of the gas well can be adjusted, gas flow throttling and pressure control are carried out on raw material gas produced by the gas well, and a feasible gas well full life cycle pressure control production method is formulated, so that the final recovery efficiency of a single well is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas extraction, and in particular relates to a wellhead throttling and pressure control production system and method. Background Art

[0002] Stable and increased production of oil and gas fields needs to be achieved through pressure-controlled production of gas wells. Pressure-controlled production can effectively protect reservoir energy, reasonably formulate gas production rates in different production stages of gas wells, effectively avoid serious sand production and large liquid output from reservoirs in the early stages of gas well production, and prevent rapid pressure drop during gas well production and the wellhead pressure being greatly affected by the pressure of the gathering and transportation pipeline network, thereby improving the ultimate recovery rate of the gas well.

[0003] Downhole choke technology is a key technology for throttling and pressure control production in the Sulige Gas Field. However, with the continued development of the gas field, the salvage of downhole chokes has become a significant constraint on improving gas recovery. Despite years of continuous technical research on the choke salvage problem, the success rate has remained limited, remaining at around 70% per year. Consequently, the number of wells with choke salvage problems has increased annually, resulting in significant handling costs. Furthermore, chokes remain in the wellbore for extended periods due to salvage failures, preventing dewatering and gas recovery measures in the later stages of gas well production, severely impacting the well's remaining production capacity.

[0004] For horizontal wells with greater production potential, a more scientific and reasonable pressure-controlled production strategy is needed. As formation pressure decreases, gas well production allocation should be adjusted in a timely manner to maintain reservoir energy as much as possible while meeting production needs, thereby achieving highly efficient and sustainable production. Because downhole choke placement and salvage operations involve specialized operations, complex construction procedures, and certain risks, and the sheer number of downhole chokes and associated workload are extremely high, it is difficult to rely on manual placement and salvage of downhole chokes to achieve timely adjustment of gas well production allocation. If the initial production allocation of a gas well is high and the downhole choke nozzle is large, when the reservoir energy subsequently decreases, the production capacity cannot match the initial production allocation. This means that the downhole choke loses its throttling and pressure-control effect, equivalent to the gas well being in a depressurized production state. This is not conducive to stable and increased production of the gas well and cannot improve the level of refined management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wellhead throttling and pressure control production system and method to solve the problem of choke fishing and achieve scientific and reasonable adjustment of gas well gas production rate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wellhead throttling and pressure control production system, comprising:

[0008] First-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, fixed throttle valve, electric regulating valve and control system;

[0009] The first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the fixed throttle valve, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter are connected in sequence, and the control system is connected to the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw gas is produced through a gas tree, the gas tree is connected to one end of an input pipeline, and the other end of the input pipeline is connected to a first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter.

[0011] Furthermore, the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter includes a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor; one end of the first pressure sensor is connected to the other end of the input pipeline, the other end of the first pressure sensor is connected to one end of the first temperature sensor, and the other end of the first temperature sensor is connected to one end of the fixed throttle valve;

[0012] The second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter includes a second pressure transmitter and a second temperature transmitter; one end of the second pressure transmitter is connected to the other end of the fixed throttle valve, the other end of the second pressure transmitter is connected to one end of the second temperature transmitter, and the other end of the second temperature transmitter is connected to one end of the electric regulating valve;

[0013] The third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter includes a third pressure transmitter and a third temperature transmitter; one end of the third pressure transmitter is connected to the other end of the electric regulating valve, and the other end of the third pressure transmitter is connected to one end of the third temperature transmitter.

[0014] Furthermore, an emergency shut-off valve is included, the other end of the third temperature transmitter is connected to one end of the emergency shut-off valve, the other end of the emergency shut-off valve is connected to an output pipeline, and a flow meter is also provided on the output pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a solar power supply system, which is connected to the control system and the electric regulating valve.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a wellhead needle valve, and the inlet needle valve is arranged between the gas tree and the first pressure transmitter.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wellhead throttling and pressure control production method, based on a wellhead throttling and pressure control production system described in any one of the above, comprising:

[0018] Set up fixed throttle valve and electric regulating valve;

[0019] The control system collects data, automatically calculates and obtains control instructions, and transmits the control instructions to the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric control valve and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter;

[0020] Data is collected through the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter to adjust the electric control valve. After one adjustment and control, the control system continues to collect data and obtain control instructions to enter the next cycle.

[0021] Furthermore, the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure data of the raw gas before throttling begins, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure of the raw gas after the first throttling, and the third-stage temperature and pressure transmitter detects the pressure and temperature of the raw gas after the second throttling.

[0022] Furthermore, the control system has a built-in gas well production allocation system adjustment algorithm, which automatically calculates the optimal gas production speed of the gas well in the current production stage by real-time analysis of changes in gas well production data, outputs instructions, and remotely adjusts the opening and closing degree of the electric control valve.

[0023] Furthermore, the emergency shut-off valve is used to automatically close the valve when it is detected that the pressure of the wellhead throttling and pressure-controlled production system exceeds the maximum set value or is lower than the minimum set value.

[0024] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention sets the opening size of a fixed throttle valve and an electric control valve; collects data through a control system, automatically calculates and obtains control instructions, and transmits the control instructions to pressure and temperature transmitters and electric control valves at all levels; collects data through pressure and temperature transmitters at all levels, and adjusts the electric control valve. After one adjustment and control, the control system continues to collect data and obtain control instructions to enter the next cycle; it can adjust the gas production speed of the gas well, realize gas throttling and pressure control of the raw gas produced by the gas well, and formulates a practical and feasible pressure control production method for the entire life cycle of the gas well, thereby improving the ultimate recovery rate of a single well.

[0026] 2. The control system of the present invention can remotely monitor various temperature and pressure data, realize remote detection of production conditions under normal production conditions, and reduce the difficulty of on-site management.

[0027] 3. The symmetrical flow channel structure of the electric cage-type regulating valve adopted in the present invention can effectively avoid ice blockage in the wellhead throttling process; effectively reduce the risk of ice blockage caused by natural gas hydrates in the wellhead throttling process, and protect reservoir energy.

[0028] 4. The wellhead throttling and pressure control production system of the present invention occupies a small area and has a simple structure, which effectively shortens the on-site construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] In the attached figure:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wellhead throttling and pressure control production system;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a logical diagram of the wellhead throttling process flow;

[0033] Figure 3 Producing logic schematics for pressure control;

[0034] Figure 4 Debugging logic diagrams for pressure-controlled production systems;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the wellhead throttling and pressure control production system.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1. Wellhead needle valve; 21. First pressure transmitter; 22. First temperature transmitter; 3. Fixed throttle valve; 41. Second pressure transmitter; 42. Second temperature transmitter; 5. Electric regulating valve; 61. Third pressure transmitter; 62. Third temperature transmitter; 7. Emergency shut-off valve; 8. Flow meter; 9. Input pipeline; 10. Output pipeline; 11. Control system; 12. Solar power supply system; 13. Gas tree. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0038] The following detailed description is an exemplary description and is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a wellhead throttling and pressure control production system includes:

[0041] A first pressure transmitter 21, a first temperature transmitter 22, a second pressure transmitter 41, a second temperature transmitter 42, a third pressure transmitter 61, a third temperature transmitter 62, a fixed throttle valve 3, an electric regulating valve 5, an emergency shut-off valve 7, a control system 11, and a solar power supply system 12;

[0042] The raw gas is produced through the gas production tree 13, which is connected to one end of the input pipeline 9. The other end of the input pipeline 9 is connected in sequence to the first pressure sensor 21, the first temperature sensor 22, the fixed throttle valve 3, the second pressure transmitter 41, the second temperature transmitter 42, the electric control valve 5, the third pressure transmitter 61, the third temperature transmitter 62 and the emergency shut-off valve 7; the emergency shut-off valve 7 is also connected to the output pipeline 10, which is used to output the raw gas after throttling and pressure control; the output pipeline 10 is also provided with a flow meter 8; the control system 11 is connected to the first pressure sensor 21, the first temperature sensor 22, the second pressure transmitter 41, the second temperature transmitter 42, the electric control valve 5, the third pressure transmitter 61 and the third temperature transmitter 62; and the solar power supply system 12 is connected to the control system 11 and the electric control valve 5.

[0043] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first pressure transmitter 21, the second pressure transmitter 41 and the third pressure transmitter 61 may also be pressure sensors; the first temperature transmitter 22, the second temperature transmitter 42 and the third temperature transmitter 62 may also be temperature sensors.

[0044] The fixed throttle valve 3 is used as the first-stage throttling device at the wellhead, and the electric regulating valve 5 is used as the second-stage throttling device; the control system 11 includes an intelligent controller and a remote monitoring and analysis platform; the solar power supply system 12 includes solar panels and batteries; the intelligent controller can remotely and automatically adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric regulating valve 5, thereby regulating the amount of raw gas.

[0045] As a further improvement of the present invention, it further comprises a wellhead needle valve 1, which is arranged between the Christmas tree 13 and the first pressure transmitter 21; the wellhead needle valve 1 is used instead of the fixed throttle valve 3 as the first-stage throttling device at the wellhead.

[0046] The system is a prefabricated skid-mounted system with flange connection, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly and has a simple process. The pressure and temperature transmitter cock is equipped with an injection (pressure relief) hole.

[0047] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the feed gas passes through the wellhead throttling and pressure control system, the pressure drops and the gas flow temperature drops to as low as -50°C, posing a risk of natural gas hydrate formation. Flowmeter 8 is designed to be a cryogenic flowmeter capable of measuring fluids under ultra-low temperature conditions, providing a basis for subsequent data monitoring and rational adjustment of natural gas well production during production.

[0048] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fixed throttle valve 3 is any valve other than a gate valve that meets the production requirements of oil and gas fields, including but not limited to a needle valve, a ball valve, an angle valve, a stop valve, etc.

[0049] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electric control valve 5 is an electric cage-type control valve. Natural gas hydrates formed after the feed gas passes through the wellhead fixed throttle valve 3 and is cooled and depressurized can collide with the symmetrical flow channel spool of the electric cage-type control valve along with the airflow, causing ice crystals to collide and break apart, preventing accumulation and thus preventing ice blockage in the production process. Furthermore, the electric cage-type control valve has a mechanical switching function and can be opened and closed manually after a power outage.

[0050] For natural gas wells with wellhead pressures greater than 10 MPa, when the nozzle size of the fixed choke valve 3 is between 2 and 7 mm and the opening of the electric control valve 5 is between 4 and 9 mm, natural gas hydrates can form in the wellbore downstream of the fixed choke nozzle. Ice crystals can then be effectively eliminated by the electric control valve 5, preventing ice blockage in the wellhead pipeline caused by natural gas hydrates. For natural gas wells with wellhead pressures ≤15 MPa, the fixed choke valve 3 can be eliminated from the process, depending on production needs. Instead, the electric control valve 5 can be used in conjunction with plunger gas lift, bubble drainage, and other drainage and gas recovery measures for intermittent or continuous production.

[0051] The control system 11 has an embedded pressure control algorithm program. During different production stages in the entire life cycle of a natural gas well, it can perform real-time analysis and prediction of the final recovery rate of the gas well based on production data such as the real-time wellhead pressure (bottomhole flowing pressure), gas production, pressure drop rate, and production decline rate of the gas well. It automatically selects the optimal gas production speed corresponding to the production allocation plan with the highest recovery rate, sends control instructions remotely, and adjusts the opening degree of the electric control valve 5 to intelligently and scientifically control the current gas production and wellhead pressure of the gas well, thereby protecting formation energy, extending the stable production time of the gas well, and improving the recovery rate of a single well.

[0052] In addition, since hydrogen sulfide gas may exist in the raw gas, corrosion inhibitors are injected into the cocks of pressure and temperature transmitters at each level to reduce the corrosion of hydrogen sulfide and avoid hydrogen sulfide leakage; pressure and temperature transmitters at each level can also detect whether the corrosion inhibitor has been injected through changes in temperature and pressure.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the overall process of the wellhead throttling and pressure control production system specifically includes: sensors are connected to the control system and the remote monitoring and analysis platform; the control system is connected to the remote monitoring and analysis platform and the actuator; the remote monitoring and analysis platform includes the remote monitoring platform and the intelligent control analysis platform;

[0054] Sensors are used to collect production dynamic data and transmit it to the remote monitoring platform. The remote monitoring platform then inputs the data into the intelligent control analysis platform for analysis. The analysis includes: production allocation system analysis, production caliber selection analysis, gas well productivity analysis, dynamic production decline and EUR prediction, and hydrate formation analysis.

[0055] The production dynamic data is transmitted to the control system, and the intelligent control analysis results are compared with the actual results to determine whether the opening of the electric control valve 5 needs to be adjusted. The adjustment opening amount is calculated and adjusted through the actuator.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A wellhead throttling and pressure control production method, comprising:

[0058] S1: Start production by turning on the solar power supply system 12 to power the system and start the pressure control production equipment; set the size of the fixed throttle valve 3 according to the results of the production system adjustment;

[0059] Specifically, by debugging the production system, determine the reasonable pressure boundaries of the fixed throttle valve 3 and the electric control valve 5, and open the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter; according to the results of the production system adjustment, set the size of the fixed throttle valve 3 nozzle and the opening size of the electric control valve 5, and configure the upper and lower limits of the pressure difference according to the results of the production system debugging;

[0060] S2: Collect data through the control system 11, and automatically calculate and judge the relationship between the actual oil pressure drop and the boundary value, obtain control instructions, and transmit the control instructions to the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric control valve 5 and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter. Specifically:

[0061] The data collected specifically include casing pressure, oil pressure, external transmission pressure, gas production, etc. The data frequency and recording period are adjusted according to the data analysis results. When recording minute data, 24-hour data is collected. When recording hourly data, one-week data is collected. When the data requirements are met, the opening of the electric control valve is adjusted.

[0062] The input pipeline 9 receives the raw gas output from the gas well, and the raw gas flows through the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the fixed throttle valve 3, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve 5, the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the emergency shut-off valve 7, the flow meter 8, and is output from the output pipeline 10 to the downstream device.

[0063] After the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure data of the raw gas before throttling begins, it flows through the fixed throttle valve 3 to reduce the gas volume and lower the pressure for the first time. Then, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure of the raw gas after the first throttling to determine the throttling effect of the fixed throttle valve 3.

[0064] Afterwards, the raw gas passes through the electric control valve 5. At this time, the gas well production allocation system adjustment algorithm built into the control system 11 can automatically calculate the optimal gas production speed of the gas well in the current production stage by analyzing the changes in the gas well production data in real time to achieve the maximum recovery rate of the gas well, and then output instructions to remotely adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric control valve 5 to achieve intelligent adjustment of the gas well production allocation.

[0065] The third-stage temperature and pressure transmitter then detects the pressure and temperature of the feed gas after the second throttling, which is used to determine the throttling effect of the electric control valve 5. The downstream process emergency shut-off valve 7 automatically closes the valve if the pressure in the wellhead throttling and pressure-control production system exceeds the maximum set value or falls below the minimum set value, ensuring production safety.

[0066] S3: Data is collected through the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter to adjust the electric control valve 5. After one adjustment and control, the control system 11 continues to collect data and obtain control instructions to enter the next cycle;

[0067] During this process, when the opening of the electric cage-type regulating valve is lower than 3% or reaches 100%, human assistance is required to check whether the fixed throttle nozzle diameter needs to be replaced (if the needle valve downstream of the gas tree is used as the fixed throttle valve in the process, determine whether the needle valve needs to be increased or decreased).

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Taking a well in a certain area as an example, it includes an input pipeline 9, a first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, a fixed throttle valve 3, a second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, an electric regulating valve 5, a third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, an emergency shut-off valve 7, a flow meter 8, and an output pipeline 10 connected in series.

[0070] A two-stage wellhead throttling system is employed. Fixed throttle valve 3 employs a fixed throttle nozzle for pressure reduction, while electric control valve 5 employs an electric cage-type control valve for gas volume regulation. Because this well is a high-yield horizontal well in its early stages of production, with a wellhead pressure of 22.3 MPa and a measured bottomhole pressure greater than 25 MPa, the algorithm built into control system 11 of the present invention determines that the current production allocation for the well is 60,000 cubic meters per day.

[0071] Table 1 Statistics of reasonable production allocation methods for gas wells in different production stages

[0072]

[0073] In addition, according to the method of the present invention, in order to avoid the formation of a large amount of natural gas hydrates upstream of the fixed throttling nozzle, the size of the fixed throttling nozzle should be larger than 4.5 mm. Considering that the current reasonable production of the well is 60,000 cubic meters / day, there is pressure loss during production, and to avoid the impact of pressure fluctuations in the downstream gathering and transportation pipeline network on the wellhead pressure, it is necessary to ensure that the airflow before and after wellhead throttling is in a critical flow state (the critical pressure ratio of the natural gas nozzle flow is 0.546). The size of the fixed throttling nozzle is designed to be 5 mm, and the electric cage-type regulating valve can be adjusted in real time according to the gas well production, with an opening range of 5-8 mm.

[0074] Table 2 Statistics of the relationship between throttling device size and hydrate formation risk

[0075]

[0076] The system is prefabricated and skid-mounted, using flange connections for easy assembly and disassembly, simplifying the process. The pressure and temperature transmitter cocks are equipped with injection (and pressure relief) ports. A solar power system 12 is also included to provide power for the opening and closing of electric cage-type regulating valves at the wellsite and for remote transmission of production data.

[0077] like Figure 3 According to the logic shown, the intelligent controller can independently analyze the current production status of the gas well and predict the recovery rate based on the production data, thereby formulating reasonable production allocation for the gas well in different production stages, protecting reservoir energy, and improving the recovery rate of a single well. The well is expected to eventually increase its cumulative gas production by 5 million to 14.5 million cubic meters, and the final recovery rate of the gas well will increase by more than 5%.

[0078] By debugging the production system, the optimal pressure limits for the fixed throttle and electric cage-type control valve sizes were determined, providing a basis and experience for stable pressure-controlled production. The on-site commissioning of the production system for this well was implemented as follows: ① Start production, activate the pressure-controlled production equipment, and adjust the opening range to 0%; ② Use a 5mm fixed throttle and set the opening size of the electric cage-type control valve to approximately 5mm; ③ Collect production data from the well (including casing pressure, oil pressure, output pressure, gas production, etc.). Based on the data analysis results, adjust the data frequency and recording cycle: collect 24 hours of data for minute-by-minute data and a week of data for hourly data. Adjust the opening of the electric cage-type control valve (tentatively set to 0.5mm increments) to meet the data requirements; ④ After the actuator completes its operation, continue collecting data for the next stage, analyze and determine the results, and then enter the next cycle; ⑤ Based on the analysis results, production allocation, and throttling requirements, determine the caliber and size combination of fixed throttle valve 3 (primary throttling) and electric control valve 5 (secondary throttling) to achieve the optimal pressure drop range after throttling.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, intelligent pressure-controlled production can reduce gas well decline and automatically and reasonably allocate production in real time at different production stages of gas wells. The specific implementation of the pressure-controlled production system adjustment plan is as follows: ① According to the results of the production system adjustment, the first-level fixed throttling nozzle and the second-level electric cage-type regulating valve diameter size are configured, and the upper and lower pressure difference limits are configured with reference to the production system debugging results; ② The control system 11 collects data, automatically calculates and judges the relationship between the actual oil pressure drop and the boundary value, and sends corresponding action instructions to the actuator; ③ After the actuator completes the action, the control system 11 continues to collect data for the next stage, makes a judgment, and enters the next cycle; ④ During this process, when the opening of the electric cage-type regulating valve is lower than 3% or reaches 100%, manual assistance is required to check whether the fixed throttling nozzle diameter needs to be replaced (if the needle valve downstream of the gas tree is used as the fixed throttling valve in the process, it is determined whether the needle valve needs to be increased or decreased).

[0080] It is understood from common technical knowledge that the present invention may be implemented by other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are, in all respects, merely illustrative and not exclusive. All modifications within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system, characterized in that: include: A first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, a second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, a third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, a fixed throttle valve (3), an electric regulating valve (5), and a control system (11); The first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the fixed throttle valve (3), the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve (5) and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter are connected in sequence, and the control system (11) is connected to the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve (5) and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter.

2. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw gas is produced through a gas production tree (13), the gas production tree (13) is connected to one end of an input pipeline (9), and the other end of the input pipeline (9) is connected to a first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter.

3. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter comprises a first pressure sensor (21) and a first temperature sensor (22); one end of the first pressure sensor (21) is connected to the other end of the input pipeline (9), the other end of the first pressure sensor (21) is connected to one end of the first temperature sensor (22), and the other end of the first temperature sensor (22) is connected to one end of the fixed throttle valve (3); The second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter comprises a second pressure transmitter (41) and a second temperature transmitter (42); one end of the second pressure transmitter (41) is connected to the other end of the fixed throttle valve (3), the other end of the second pressure transmitter (41) is connected to one end of the second temperature transmitter (42), and the other end of the second temperature transmitter (42) is connected to one end of the electric regulating valve (5); The third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter comprises a third pressure transmitter (61) and a third temperature transmitter (62); one end of the third pressure transmitter (61) is connected to the other end of the electric regulating valve (5), and the other end of the third pressure transmitter (61) is connected to one end of the third temperature transmitter (62).

4. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device further comprises an emergency shut-off valve (7), the other end of the third temperature transmitter (62) being connected to one end of the emergency shut-off valve (7), the other end of the emergency shut-off valve (7) being connected to an output pipeline (10), and a flow meter (8) being provided on the output pipeline (10).

5. The wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a solar power supply system (12), which is connected to the control system (11) and the electric regulating valve (5).

6. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a wellhead needle valve (1), and the inlet needle valve (1) is arranged between the gas tree (13) and the first pressure transmitter (21).

7. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production method, characterized in that: A wellhead throttling and pressure control production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: A fixed throttle valve (3) and an electric regulating valve (5) are provided; The control system (11) collects data, automatically calculates and obtains control instructions, and transmits the control instructions to the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the electric regulating valve (5), and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter; Data is collected through the first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, the second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter, and the third-stage pressure and temperature transmitter to adjust the electric regulating valve (5). After one adjustment and control, the control system (11) continues to collect data and obtains control instructions to enter the next cycle.

8. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure data of the raw gas before throttling begins. The second-stage pressure and temperature transmitter detects the temperature and pressure of the raw gas after the first throttling. The third-stage temperature and pressure transmitter detects the pressure and temperature of the raw gas after the second throttling.

9. A wellhead throttling and pressure control production method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control system (11) has a built-in gas well production allocation system adjustment algorithm, which automatically calculates the optimal gas production speed of the gas well in the current production stage by analyzing the changes in gas well production data in real time, outputs instructions, and remotely adjusts the opening and closing degree of the electric control valve (5).

10. The wellhead throttling and pressure control production method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The emergency shut-off valve (7) is used to automatically close the valve when it is detected that the pressure of the wellhead throttling and pressure-controlled production system exceeds the maximum set value or is lower than the minimum set value.

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