High and cold environment self-adaptive photovoltaic photo-thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy utilization and building energy supply, in particular to a high and cold environment self-adaptive photovoltaic and photo-thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system which comprises a photovoltaic and photo-thermal composite heat collection module, an energy conversion and storage module, a heating distribution module, an environment monitoring and control system and an auxiliary energy module. According to the system, integration of photovoltaic power generation and photo-thermal heating is achieved, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved, dependence on traditional energy is reduced, the energy cost and environmental pollution are reduced, and due to the specially-designed photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated assembly, the specially-designed snow removing structure and the specially-designed equipment with the low-temperature adaptability, the energy utilization rate of the system is increased. The system can stably operate in the high and cold environment, and the influence of adverse factors such as low temperature and accumulated snow on power generation and heating is effectively overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy utilization and building energy supply, and specifically to an integrated system of photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating adapted to high-cold environments. Background Art

[0002] In high-altitude cold regions, traditional energy supply methods face numerous challenges. On the one hand, winter heating demand is high, and relying on fossil fuels for heating is not only costly but also environmentally polluting. On the other hand, conventional photovoltaic power generation systems are affected by factors such as low temperatures and snow accumulation in high-altitude cold environments, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency and an inability to meet building heating needs. Currently, while some photovoltaic and solar thermal integrated utilization technologies exist, they are inadequate in adapting to the unique high-altitude cold environments. For example, the solar thermal conversion efficiency decreases significantly at low temperatures, and the system's resistance to snow accumulation is poor, making it difficult to achieve efficient and stable integrated power generation and heating. Therefore, an adaptive photovoltaic and solar thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating system for high-altitude cold environments is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an integrated system of photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating that is adaptive to high-cold environments to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: an integrated system of photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating in a high-altitude cold environment, including: a photovoltaic and thermal composite heat collection module, an energy conversion and storage module, a heating distribution module, an environmental monitoring and control system, and an auxiliary energy module.

[0005] Further preferably, the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module includes a micro-condensing lens, a transparent cover, a photovoltaic cell, a heat collector absorber plate, a heat collector loop pipe, a heat conductive material, a heat insulating layer, a vacuum heat collector and a bottom plate. After the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module introduces the micro-condensing lens, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved through optical efficiency enhancement and structural synergy. The outermost transparent cover is integrated with a micro-condensing lens structure, which utilizes the optical refraction and convergence characteristics of the lens to accurately focus the incident sunlight onto the surface of the lower photovoltaic cell and the heat collector plate, while reducing the light reflection loss (transmittance>92%), the solar radiation intensity received per unit area is increased by 20%-30%. With the assistance of the micro-condensing lens, the photovoltaic cell can Energy utilization is significantly enhanced, efficiently converting solar energy into electricity. Waste heat generated during operation is rapidly transferred to the collector's absorber plate via a thermally conductive material for waste heat recovery. The absorber's highly selective coating and microchannel structure, combined with the antifreeze mixture within the collector's serpentine pipes, efficiently collect and transmit the absorbed heat (including photovoltaic waste heat and concentrated solar heat) to the external system. The insulation layer effectively blocks downward heat loss, ensuring maximum thermal energy utilization. Below the light-transmitting area, the vacuum collector utilizes direct light focused by micro-lenses to further enhance high-temperature heat collection efficiency. Its vacuum insulation allows it to operate at temperatures of 100-150°C, forming a complementary "low-temperature-high-temperature" heating mechanism with the base collector layer. The two are connected in parallel, flexibly outputting different levels of heat according to actual needs. The base plate, serving as the module's support, is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials, ensuring overall structural stability. The coordinated operation of all components increases the module's overall energy utilization rate to over 70%.

[0006] Further preferably, the energy conversion and storage module comprises an electrical energy conversion unit and a thermal energy conversion and storage unit. The electrical energy conversion unit converts the direct current (DC) electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels into alternating current (AC) electricity via an inverter for use in electrical equipment within the building or for integration into the power grid. The inverter is adaptable to low-temperature environments and employs efficient heat dissipation and insulation measures to prevent the loss of conversion efficiency due to low temperatures in cold environments. Furthermore, it is equipped with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic cells in real time, ensuring that they consistently operate near their maximum power point, thereby improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. Heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector panels in the thermal energy conversion and storage unit is transferred to a heat exchanger via a heat transfer medium. In the heat exchanger, the heat transfer medium transfers the heat to the heating circulating water, achieving thermal energy conversion. After being heated, a portion of the heating circulating water is directly fed into the building's heating system for heating, while the remaining portion is stored in a heat storage tank. The heat storage tank is constructed of high-efficiency insulation materials, such as polyurethane foam, to minimize heat loss. A temperature stratification device is incorporated within the heat storage tank, ensuring that hot water is stored in the upper layer and cold water in the lower layer, improving heat storage efficiency. When the heat generated by the solar thermal collection module is insufficient, the hot water in the heat storage tank can be added to the heating system to ensure the stability of heating.

[0007] Further preferably, the heating distribution module consists of a heating pipe, a circulation pump, and a temperature control valve. The heating pipe transports heated circulating water to the radiators in each room of the building to achieve heating. The circulation pump provides power to ensure that the circulating water circulates in the system. The temperature control valve is installed on the heating pipe in each room. According to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor in the room, the valve opening is automatically adjusted to control the flow of hot water entering the room, thereby achieving independent temperature regulation in each room and improving the comfort of heating. The outer layer of the heating pipe is wrapped with insulation material to reduce heat loss during the transportation process.

[0008] Further preferably, the environmental monitoring and control system monitors parameters such as ambient temperature, light intensity, and snow thickness in real time through multiple environmental sensors installed on the roof or periphery of the building. The sensors transmit data to the central controller, which intelligently controls the entire system according to preset programs and algorithms. For example, when the light intensity is sufficient and the ambient temperature is high, photovoltaic power generation is prioritized and excess electricity is stored; when the light intensity is insufficient and the temperature is low, the operating power of the solar thermal collector module is increased and the heat storage tank is started to supplement heating; when snow accumulation is detected, the snow removal device of the photovoltaic and solar thermal composite collector module is automatically started. At the same time, the central controller can also be connected to the user's mobile phone or computer through a wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring and operation, making it convenient for the user to understand the operating status of the system at any time and control it.

[0009] Further preferably, the auxiliary energy module is provided to take into account the situation where solar energy supply is insufficient under extreme weather conditions. This module can use a gas boiler or an electric heating device as a backup heat source. When the heat provided by the solar thermal collection module and the heat storage tank cannot meet the heating needs of the building, the central controller automatically starts the auxiliary energy module to supplement the heat to ensure that the heating effect in the building is not affected. The gas boiler or electric heating device is connected to the heating system through a switching valve. Under normal circumstances, the switching valve is closed and the auxiliary energy module does not work; when needed, the switching valve is opened and the heat generated by the auxiliary energy module enters the heating system.

[0010] Further preferably, the heat absorption formula of the solar thermal collector is as follows: Q abs =A×I×α×(1-ρ),Q abs is the solar radiation heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector (J), A is the area of the solar thermal collector (m 2 ), I is the solar irradiance (W / m 2 ), α is the absorptivity of the selective absorption coating on the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless), and ρ is the reflectivity of the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless). In a cold environment, snow and dust will change ρ, resulting in Q abs Reduce, the collector plate needs to be cleaned regularly to maintain efficient heat absorption.

[0011] Further preferably, the building heating heat load formula is as follows: Q heating =q×V×(t n -t w ), Q heating is the building heating load (W), q is the heating index per unit volume (W / (m 3 K)), V is the building volume (m 3 ), t n is the indoor design temperature (℃), t w is the outdoor heating calculation temperature (℃). In cold and high altitude areas, t w Lower, Q heating The system needs to provide enough heat to meet the heating demand, which requires the solar thermal collection module and the auxiliary energy module to work together.

[0012] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. The present invention realizes the integration of photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal heating, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, reduces dependence on traditional energy, reduces energy costs and environmental pollution, and specially designed photovoltaic and thermal integrated components and snow removal structures, as well as equipment with low-temperature adaptability, enable the system to operate stably in high-cold environments, effectively overcoming the impact of adverse factors such as low temperature and snow accumulation on power generation and heating.

[0014] 2. The present invention realizes automatic adjustment of the system operation mode according to environmental changes through intelligent control of the environmental monitoring and control system. At the same time, each room can be independently temperature-controlled, which improves the comfort of heating. The setting of the auxiliary energy module ensures that the building heating is not affected under extreme weather conditions, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0015] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a system module diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated system of photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating in a high-cold environment, including: a photovoltaic and thermal composite heat collection module, an energy conversion and storage module, a heating distribution module, an environmental monitoring and control system, and an auxiliary energy module.

[0022] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module includes a micro-condensing lens, a transparent cover, a photovoltaic cell, a heat collector absorber plate, a heat collector loop pipe, a thermal conductive material, a heat insulation layer, a vacuum collector and a bottom plate. After the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module introduces the micro-condensing lens, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved through optical efficiency enhancement and structural synergy. The outermost transparent cover is integrated with a micro-condensing lens structure, and the optical refraction and convergence characteristics of the lens are used to accurately focus the incident sunlight onto the surface of the lower photovoltaic cell and the heat collector plate, while reducing the light reflection loss (transmittance>92%), the solar radiation intensity received per unit area is increased by 20%-30%. With the assistance of the micro-condensing lens, the photovoltaic cell can Energy utilization is significantly enhanced, efficiently converting solar energy into electricity. Waste heat generated during operation is rapidly transferred to the collector's absorber plate via a thermally conductive material for waste heat recovery. The absorber's highly selective coating and microchannel structure, combined with the antifreeze mixture within the collector's serpentine pipes, efficiently collect and transmit the absorbed heat (including photovoltaic waste heat and concentrated solar heat) to the external system. The insulation layer effectively blocks downward heat loss, ensuring maximum thermal energy utilization. Below the light-transmitting area, the vacuum collector utilizes direct light focused by micro-lenses to further enhance high-temperature heat collection efficiency. Its vacuum insulation allows it to operate at temperatures of 100-150°C, forming a complementary "low-temperature-high-temperature" heating mechanism with the base collector layer. The two are connected in parallel, flexibly outputting different levels of heat according to actual needs. The base plate, serving as the module's support, is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials, ensuring overall structural stability. The coordinated operation of all components increases the module's overall energy utilization rate to over 70%.

[0023] In one embodiment, the energy conversion and storage module includes an electrical energy conversion unit and a thermal energy conversion and storage unit. The electrical energy conversion unit converts the direct current (DC) generated by the photovoltaic panels into alternating current (AC) via an inverter, which is then used by electrical equipment within the building or fed into the power grid. The inverter is adaptable to low-temperature environments and employs efficient heat dissipation and insulation to prevent the loss of conversion efficiency due to low temperatures in cold environments. Furthermore, it is equipped with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic cells in real time, ensuring they consistently operate near their maximum power point, thereby improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. Heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector panels in the thermal energy conversion and storage unit is transferred to a heat exchanger via a heat transfer medium. In the heat exchanger, the heat transfer medium transfers the heat to the heating circulating water, achieving thermal energy conversion. After being heated, a portion of the heating circulating water is directly fed into the building's heating system for heating, while the remaining portion is stored in a heat storage tank. The heat storage tank is constructed with high-efficiency insulation materials, such as polyurethane foam, to minimize heat loss. A temperature stratification device is incorporated within the heat storage tank, ensuring that hot water is stored in the upper layer and cold water in the lower layer, improving heat storage efficiency. When the heat generated by the solar thermal collection module is insufficient, the hot water in the heat storage tank can be added to the heating system to ensure the stability of heating.

[0024] In one embodiment, the heating distribution module consists of heating pipes, a circulation pump, and a temperature control valve. The heating pipes transport heated circulating water to the radiators in each room of the building to provide heating. The circulation pump provides power to ensure the circulating water circulates within the system. The temperature control valve is installed on the heating pipe in each room. Based on the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor in the room, the valve opening is automatically adjusted to control the flow of hot water entering the room, thereby achieving independent temperature control in each room and improving heating comfort. The outer layer of the heating pipe is wrapped with thermal insulation material to reduce heat loss during transportation.

[0025] In one embodiment, the environmental monitoring and control system monitors parameters such as ambient temperature, light intensity, and snow thickness in real time through multiple environmental sensors installed on the roof or periphery of the building. The sensors transmit data to the central controller, which intelligently controls the entire system according to preset programs and algorithms. For example, when the light intensity is sufficient and the ambient temperature is high, photovoltaic power generation is prioritized and excess electricity is stored; when the light intensity is insufficient and the temperature is low, the operating power of the solar thermal collector module is increased and the heat storage tank is activated to supplement heating; when snow accumulation is detected, the snow removal device of the photovoltaic and solar thermal composite collector module is automatically activated. At the same time, the central controller can also connect to the user's mobile phone or computer through a wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring and operation, making it convenient for the user to understand the operating status of the system at any time and control it.

[0026] In one embodiment, an auxiliary energy module is provided to take into account the insufficient supply of solar energy under extreme weather conditions. This module can use a gas boiler or an electric heating device as a backup heat source. When the heat provided by the solar thermal collection module and the heat storage tank cannot meet the heating needs of the building, the central controller automatically starts the auxiliary energy module to supplement the heat to ensure that the heating effect in the building is not affected. The gas boiler or electric heating device is connected to the heating system through a switching valve. Under normal circumstances, the switching valve is closed and the auxiliary energy module does not work; when needed, the switching valve is opened and the heat generated by the auxiliary energy module enters the heating system.

[0027] In one embodiment, the heat absorption formula of the solar thermal collector is as follows: Q abs =A×I×α×(1-ρ),Q abs is the solar radiation heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector (J), A is the area of the solar thermal collector (m 2 ), I is the solar irradiance (W / m 2 ), α is the absorptivity of the selective absorption coating on the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless), and ρ is the reflectivity of the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless). In a cold environment, snow and dust will change ρ, resulting in Q abs Reduce, the collector plate needs to be cleaned regularly to maintain efficient heat absorption.

[0028] In one embodiment, the building heating load formula is as follows: Q heating =q×V×(t n -t w ), Q heating is the building heating load (W), q is the heating index per unit volume (W / (m 3 K)), V is the building volume (m 3 ), t n is the indoor design temperature (℃), t w is the outdoor heating calculation temperature (℃). In cold and high altitude areas, t w Lower, Q heating The system needs to provide enough heat to meet the heating demand, which requires the solar thermal collection module and the auxiliary energy module to work together.

[0029] During operation, the present invention: Install photovoltaic and solar-thermal composite heat collection modules on the roof of a building or a suitable location, ensuring that the installation angle and orientation of the components can fully receive sunlight. Connect the pipes and lines between the components according to the design requirements to ensure tight connections and no leaks. Install the energy conversion and storage module, and place the inverter, heat exchanger, heat storage tank and other equipment in a dry, well-ventilated location indoors to prevent damage to the equipment caused by low temperatures and humid environments. Connect the pipes of the heating distribution module, paying attention to the slope and insulation treatment of the pipes to ensure that the circulating water can flow smoothly and reduce heat loss. Install the sensors and central controller of the environmental monitoring and control system, installing the sensors in locations that can accurately monitor environmental parameters, and the central controller in a location that is convenient for operation and maintenance. Finally, install the auxiliary energy module and connect the switching valve and related pipes and lines. After the system is installed, perform comprehensive debugging. First, check whether the equipment of each module is operating normally, such as whether the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel are normal, whether the conversion efficiency of the inverter meets the standards, and whether the heat transfer performance of the solar-thermal collector panel is good. Debug the heating distribution module, check the operation of the circulation pump, test the adjustment function of the temperature control valve, and ensure the heating effect in each room. Test the environmental monitoring and control system to verify the accuracy of sensor data collection and the control function of the central controller. During the operation of the system, regularly maintain and service each module. Check the surface of the photovoltaic thermal composite collector module for dirt and snow, and clean it promptly; check the equipment operation status of the energy conversion and storage module, such as the heat dissipation of the inverter and the insulation performance of the heat storage tank; regularly check the pipes of the heating distribution module for leaks and the normal operation of the circulation pump and temperature control valve; calibrate the sensors of the environmental monitoring and control system to ensure data accuracy.

[0030] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications and substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated photovoltaic / thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating system for adaptive high-altitude cold environments, characterized by: include: Photovoltaic and thermal composite heat collection module, energy conversion and storage module, heating distribution module, environmental monitoring and control system and auxiliary energy module.

2. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module includes a micro-condensing lens, a transparent cover, a photovoltaic cell, a heat collector absorber plate, a heat collector loop pipe, a heat conductive material, a heat insulating layer, a vacuum heat collector and a bottom plate. After the photovoltaic-thermal composite heat collection module introduces the micro-condensing lens, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved through optical efficiency enhancement and structural synergy. The outermost transparent cover is integrated with a micro-condensing lens structure, which utilizes the optical refraction and convergence characteristics of the lens to accurately focus the incident sunlight onto the surface of the lower photovoltaic cell and the heat collector plate, while reducing the light reflection loss (transmittance>92%), and at the same time, the solar radiation intensity received per unit area is increased by 20%-30%. With the assistance of the micro-condensing lens, the photovoltaic cell can utilize light energy. The efficiency is significantly enhanced, efficiently converting solar energy into electricity. Waste heat generated during operation is rapidly transferred to the collector's absorber plate through a thermally conductive material for waste heat recovery. The absorber's highly selective absorption coating and microchannel structure, combined with the antifreeze mixture within the collector's serpentine pipes, efficiently collect and transmit the absorbed heat (including photovoltaic waste heat and concentrated solar heat) to the external system. The thermal insulation layer effectively blocks downward heat loss, ensuring maximum thermal energy utilization. Below the light-transmitting area, the vacuum collector utilizes direct light focused by micro-lenses to further enhance high-temperature heat collection efficiency. Its vacuum insulation allows it to operate at temperatures of 100-150°C, forming a complementary "low-temperature-high-temperature" heating mechanism with the base collector layer. The two are connected in parallel, flexibly outputting different levels of heat according to actual needs. The base plate, serving as the module's support, is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials, ensuring overall structural stability. The coordinated operation of all components increases the module's overall energy utilization rate to over 70%.

3. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The energy conversion and storage module includes an electric energy conversion unit and a thermal energy conversion and storage unit. The electric energy conversion unit converts the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel into alternating current through an inverter for use by electrical equipment in the building or for integration into the power grid. The inverter has adaptability to low-temperature environments and adopts efficient heat dissipation and heat preservation measures to prevent the conversion efficiency from being affected by excessively low temperatures in high-cold environments. At the same time, it is equipped with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic cell in real time so that it always operates near the maximum power point, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. The heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector plate of the thermal energy conversion and storage unit is transferred to the heat exchanger through a heat transfer medium. In the heat exchanger, the heat transfer medium transfers the heat to the heating circulating water to realize the conversion of thermal energy. After the heating circulating water is heated, a part of it directly enters the building heating system for heating, and the other part enters the heat storage tank for storage. The thermal storage tank uses high-efficiency insulation materials, such as polyurethane foam, to minimize heat loss. A temperature stratification device within the tank ensures that hot water is stored in the upper layer and cold water in the lower layer, improving heat storage efficiency. If the solar thermal module generates insufficient heat, the hot water in the tank can be added to the heating system, ensuring stable heating.

4. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The heating distribution module consists of heating pipes, a circulating pump, and a thermostatic valve. The heating pipes deliver heated circulating water to the radiators in each room of the building, providing heating. The circulating pumps provide power to ensure the circulating water circulates throughout the system. The thermostatic valve, installed on each room's heating pipe, automatically adjusts the valve opening based on temperature signals from the room's temperature sensor, controlling the flow of hot water into the room. This allows for independent temperature control in each room, enhancing heating comfort. The outer layer of the heating pipe is wrapped with insulation material to reduce heat loss during transportation.

5. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The environmental monitoring and control system uses multiple environmental sensors installed on or around the building's roof to monitor parameters such as ambient temperature, light intensity, and snow depth in real time. The sensors transmit data to a central controller, which intelligently controls the entire system based on pre-set programs and algorithms. For example, when light intensity is sufficient and ambient temperature is high, photovoltaic power generation is prioritized, and excess electricity is stored. When light intensity is insufficient and temperature is low, the operating power of the solar thermal collector module is increased, and the heat storage tank is activated to provide supplemental heating. When snow accumulation is detected, the snow removal device of the photovoltaic and solar thermal composite collector module is automatically activated. The central controller can also connect to the user's mobile phone or computer via a wireless communication module to enable remote monitoring and operation, allowing the user to monitor the system's operating status and control it at any time.

6. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The auxiliary energy module is provided to take into account the insufficient solar energy supply under extreme weather conditions. This module can use a gas boiler or an electric heating device as a backup heat source. When the heat provided by the solar thermal collection module and the heat storage tank cannot meet the heating needs of the building, the central controller automatically starts the auxiliary energy module to supplement the heat to ensure that the heating effect in the building is not affected. The gas boiler or electric heating device is connected to the heating system through a switching valve. Under normal circumstances, the switching valve is closed and the auxiliary energy module does not work; when needed, the switching valve is opened and the heat generated by the auxiliary energy module enters the heating system.

7. The high-cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The formula for the heat absorption of the solar thermal collector is as follows: Q abs =A×I×α×(1-ρ),Q abs is the solar radiation heat absorbed by the solar thermal collector (J), A is the area of the solar thermal collector (m 2 ), I is the solar irradiance (W / m 2 ), α is the absorptivity of the selective absorption coating on the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless), and ρ is the reflectivity of the surface of the solar thermal collector (dimensionless). In a cold environment, snow and dust will change ρ, resulting in Q abs Reduce, the collector plate needs to be cleaned regularly to maintain efficient heat absorption.

8. The high-altitude cold environment adaptive photovoltaic and thermal dual-mode power generation and building heating integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The building heating load formula is as follows: Q heating =q×V×(t n -t w ), Q heating is the building heating load (W), q is the heating index per unit volume (W / (m 3 K)), V is the building volume (m 3 ), t n is the indoor design temperature (℃), t w is the outdoor heating calculation temperature (℃). In cold and high altitude areas, t w Lower, Q heating The system needs to provide enough heat to meet the heating demand, which requires the solar thermal collection module and the auxiliary energy module to work together.

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