Online monitoring system and method for dynamic state of boot rail

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of rail traffic detection, and discloses a shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system and method, and the system comprises a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, a three-axis acceleration sensor, an optical fiber demodulator and a multi-parameter fusion diagnosis unit. A carbon slide plate is embedded into the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, and the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is used for measuring pressure data between a collector shoe and a contact rail; the three-axis acceleration sensor is used for synchronously acquiring vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction; the optical fiber demodulator is used for converting the pressure data and the vibration acceleration data into electric signals from optical signals; the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is used for comprehensively analyzing the converted pressure data and vibration acceleration data and judging the working state of the collector shoe; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is connected with the optical fiber demodulator through an optical fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail transit detection, and more specifically, to an online monitoring system and method for the dynamic state of a shoe rail. Background Art

[0002] Traditional collector shoe pressure detection relies primarily on contact strain gauges or piezoelectric sensors. However, the collector shoe's carbon plate is exposed to high temperatures and arc erosion during operation. These harsh conditions significantly impact sensor performance, shortening its service life. Detection accuracy also decreases with age, making it difficult to meet the needs of long-term, accurate pressure monitoring.

[0003] Currently, most existing technologies use only a single-axis acceleration sensor to monitor the vibration of the collector shoe. However, during actual operation, the collector shoe's vibration is a complex three-dimensional motion, including lateral swing and vertical impact. A single-axis sensor cannot fully capture these vibration characteristics, resulting in a serious gap in monitoring the collector shoe's vibration status and making it difficult to accurately assess its operating status.

[0004] In existing technologies, pressure and vibration data are typically collected independently. This makes it difficult to delve into the coupling relationship between pressure fluctuations and vibration energy when analyzing dynamic current collection processes. For example, a sudden drop in contact force may cause high-frequency chatter in the collector shoe. However, the independent nature of the data makes it difficult to effectively analyze this correlation, hindering accurate judgment of the collector shoe's operating status.

[0005] The collector shoe itself is relatively small and requires frequent lifting and lowering during operation. Traditional sensor wiring is complex, making it difficult to maintain long-term stable monitoring results in such a space-constrained and high-motion environment. This makes wiring difficult and prone to line failures, impacting the normal operation of monitoring.

[0006] Therefore, providing an online monitoring system for the dynamic state of the shoe rail has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to at least one defect or improvement need in the prior art, the present invention provides an online monitoring system and method for the dynamic state of the shoe rail, which solves the problems of low reliability and stability of the monitoring system, can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the working state of the collector shoe, has strong spatial adaptability and excellent resistance to harsh environments.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail, which includes: a fiber grating pressure sensor, a three-axis acceleration sensor, a fiber optic demodulator and a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit; a carbon slide is embedded in the fiber grating pressure sensor to measure the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail; the three-axis acceleration sensor is used to synchronously obtain the vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions; the fiber optic demodulator is used to convert the pressure data collected by the fiber grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the three-axis acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals; the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator to judge the working state of the collector shoe; wherein, the fiber grating pressure sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber grating pressure sensor and the fiber optic demodulator are connected by optical fiber.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is further used to: establish a dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model and define a contact force variation index; trigger a contact instability warning when the contact force variation index exceeds a threshold; the formula for calculating the contact force variation index CI is specifically as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, σ P is the pressure standard deviation, μ P is the mean pressure, A v is the amplitude of the vibration acceleration spectrum.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is further used to calculate the pressure between the collector shoe and the contact rail based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and the pressure; the calculation formula of the linear relationship is specifically Δλ=K·P+C, where Δλ is the grating center wavelength drift, P is the shoe rail contact pressure, and K and C are sensitivity coefficients.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module is also used to: calibrate the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, load a standard force within a preset range, collect the grating center wavelength drift under different pressures, and fit the Δλ-P calibration curve; calibrate the three-axis acceleration sensor, and the calibration frequency range is a sinusoidal sweep within the set range, and perform vibration measurement calibration by comparing the output of the acceleration sensor measured at different frequencies with the reference acceleration value.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is in contact with the carbon slide plate through a flexible force transmission layer, and the flexible force transmission layer is composed of a composite of high-temperature resistant silicone and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is embedded in the collector shoe arm, and the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail is transmitted to the grating sensitive area through a flexible force transmission structure.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, the triaxial acceleration sensor and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor are integrated on the same ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate is mounted on the inner side of the collector shoe support arm.

[0017] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of a shoe rail is also provided, which is applied to the online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail as described above, including: measuring the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail by embedding a carbon slide plate in a fiber optic Bragg grating pressure sensor; synchronously acquiring the vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions through a three-axis acceleration sensor; converting the pressure data collected by the fiber optic Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the three-axis acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals through the fiber optic demodulator; and comprehensively analyzing the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator through a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic module to determine the working state of the collector shoe.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above-mentioned method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of the shoe rail when running.

[0019] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the above-mentioned method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of the shoe rail through the computer program.

[0020] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides an online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail. The sensor used has a total thickness of ≤3 mm. After being installed on the collector shoe, it has almost no effect on the movement of the lifting mechanism of the collector shoe. It can perfectly adapt to the narrow installation space of the collector shoe and meet its frequent lifting requirements.

[0022] (2) Fiber optic sensors are resistant to high temperatures and electromagnetic interference, and can operate stably in harsh environments where arcing frequently occurs in current collectors. Compared with traditional sensors, fiber optic sensors are less affected by environmental factors, greatly improving the reliability and stability of the monitoring system and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0023] (3) By jointly analyzing pressure and vibration data, the present invention can distinguish different types of faults, such as carbon slide wear (manifested as increased high-frequency, slightly oscillating vibrations) and bracket loosening (manifested as low-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations). This multi-parameter collaborative diagnosis approach, compared to single-parameter monitoring, can more comprehensively and accurately assess the working status of the collector shoe, providing strong support for timely maintenance and fault prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of an optional online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an optional electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0029] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a system for online monitoring of the dynamic state of a shoe rail is provided. Figure 1 The present invention describes an online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of an optional online monitoring system for the dynamic state of a shoe rail provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes:

[0031] Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, triaxial acceleration sensor, fiber optic demodulator and multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit;

[0032] The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is embedded with a carbon slide plate to measure the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail;

[0033] The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to synchronously obtain vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions;

[0034] The optical fiber demodulator is used to convert the pressure data collected by the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals;

[0035] The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator to determine the working status of the collector shoe;

[0036] The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber demodulator are connected via an optical fiber.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, in order to address the problems in traditional detection methods, such as the severe environment having a significant impact on the accuracy and life of the equipment, the single axial acceleration sensor having data missing, the inability to perform correlation analysis on the pressure and vibration data, and the small installation space of the collector shoe, the difficulty in wiring the traditional detection method, which affects the monitoring quality, integrated monitoring of the dynamic contact pressure, vibration acceleration and abnormal wear status of the collector shoe is achieved by using a fiber grating pressure sensor and a three-axis acceleration sensor.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor (i.e., the fiber strain gauge shown in the figure) and the three-axis acceleration sensor (i.e., the MEMS accelerometer shown in the figure) can be integrated on the same substrate to jointly analyze the pressure and vibration data and distinguish different types of faults such as carbon slide wear (manifested as increased high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration) and bracket loosening (manifested as low-frequency large-amplitude vibration).

[0039] Specifically, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensors can sense the magnitude and changes in contact pressure between the collector shoe and the contact rail in real time. Leveraging the properties of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), when the collector shoe and the contact rail generate pressure, the FBG undergoes slight deformation, altering its period and effective refractive index, causing a shift in the reflected wavelength. By detecting this change in reflected wavelength with a high-precision demodulator, the magnitude of the external pressure can be accurately calculated, enabling real-time monitoring of the pressure between the shoe and the rail. FBG pressure sensors have excellent dynamic response characteristics and can capture rapid changes in contact pressure between the shoe and the rail, such as those experienced during train start-up, acceleration, deceleration, and cornering. This provides detailed data for studying the dynamic interaction between the shoe and the rail. The corrosion and fatigue resistance of optical fiber materials ensures that FBG pressure sensors maintain stable performance over long-term monitoring processes. This enables long-term, continuous monitoring of the dynamic state of the shoe and the rail, providing long-term data support for track maintenance and management.

[0040] For example, a three-axis fiber optic acceleration sensor usually installs a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) or a sensing element based on the Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer principle on each axis. When the acceleration changes between the collector shoe and the contact rail, this acceleration will act on the sensor's sensing element, causing changes in the physical structure of the fiber Bragg grating or interferometer cavity, such as changes in the period or effective refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating, which causes the wavelength of the reflected light to drift, or changes in the cavity length of the FP interferometer, which causes changes in the intensity of the interference light. These changes are transmitted to the demodulator via optical fiber. The demodulator detects the drift of the reflected wavelength or the change in the intensity of the interference light, and calculates the magnitude and direction of the acceleration through a signal processing algorithm.

[0041] Furthermore, the vibration acceleration of the collector shoe in the lateral (X-axis), longitudinal (Y-axis) and vertical (Z-axis) directions can be measured simultaneously to fully understand the vibration characteristics of the collector shoe in different directions and provide more complete information for analyzing the dynamic interaction between the shoe and rail.

[0042] When a collision or impact occurs between the collector shoe and the contact rail, a large acceleration pulse signal is generated. A triaxial fiber optic accelerometer can quickly capture these impact signals, helping to pinpoint the location and timing of the impact, providing crucial information for fault diagnosis. By analyzing these impact signals, it's possible to determine if the contact rail is partially deformed or the collector shoe is severely worn, enabling timely repair and replacement.

[0043] Furthermore, because triaxial fiber optic accelerometers can sense the components of gravity acceleration in different directions, they can also be used to measure the inclination and posture changes of the collector shoe. This helps optimize the train's suspension system and operational control strategies, improving train safety and comfort.

[0044] The fiber optic interrogator (i.e., the interrogator shown in the figure) can convert the wavelength change of the light reflected by the fiber grating sensor into a measurable physical quantity. The refractive index inside the fiber grating sensor changes periodically. When the external environment, such as temperature and stress, changes, the length of the grating area or the effective refractive index changes, causing the specific center wavelength of the reflected light to move. The interrogator detects the amount of central wavelength shift and can reflect the change in the external measured signal. Furthermore, a variety of physical quantities can be measured, such as temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, acceleration, angle, weight, shape, etc. Taking pressure measurement as an example, when the pressure increases, the reflection wavelength of the optical fiber material will redshift. The interrogator converts the specific pressure change by accurately measuring the wavelength change.

[0045] It can monitor the status of fiber Bragg grating sensors and changes in measured physical quantities in real time, respond quickly, and perform real-time data analysis and processing. For example, in the online monitoring of the dynamic status of the shoe rail, the strain and displacement of the structure can be monitored in real time, allowing safety hazards and problems to be discovered in a timely manner.

[0046] Furthermore, fiber optic interrogators typically have multiple channels and can connect multiple fiber grating (FBG) sensors to achieve multi-point distributed measurement. For example, in the online monitoring of the dynamic condition of a shoe rail, by placing fiber grating (FBG) sensors at different locations and connecting them to multiple channels of the interrogator, physical quantities such as strain and temperature can be monitored simultaneously at multiple locations, providing a comprehensive understanding of the structural state.

[0047] Optionally, the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module (i.e., the processor shown in the figure) triggers a "contact instability warning" when the contact force variation index exceeds a threshold value based on the dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model. Specifically, the collector shoe can be divided into normal state, minor fault state, serious fault state and other categories according to its possible working state, and corresponding characteristic parameter thresholds or criteria are set for each category. The fused comprehensive feature vector is matched and compared with the set threshold or criterion, and the current working state of the collector shoe is judged according to the matching result. For example, if the pressure exceeds the normal range and the amplitude of the vibration acceleration increases significantly, it can be judged that the contact between the collector shoe and the contact rail is poor, and there may be faults such as wear or foreign matter.

[0048] Based on the operating status, the system makes timely decisions and issues early warnings. If the system is operating normally, monitoring continues. If a minor fault is detected, a warning signal is issued, prompting maintenance personnel to conduct an inspection. If a serious fault is detected, an alarm is immediately issued, prompting the driver to take measures, such as slowing down or stopping the train, to ensure safe operation. Contact instability warnings are implemented by calculating the contact force variation index. This multi-parameter fusion-based warning method more accurately reflects the contact status of the collector shoe and can detect potential faults in advance.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is further configured to:

[0050] A dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model is established and the contact force variation index is defined;

[0051] When the contact force variation index exceeds the threshold, a contact instability warning is triggered;

[0052] The formula for calculating the contact force variation index CI is specifically:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, σ P is the pressure standard deviation, μ P is the mean pressure, A v is the amplitude of the vibration acceleration spectrum.

[0055] Through this embodiment, by jointly analyzing the pressure and vibration data, integrated monitoring of the dynamic contact pressure, vibration acceleration and abnormal wear status of the collector shoe is achieved.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is further used for:

[0057] The pressure between the collector shoe and the contact rail is calculated based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and pressure;

[0058] The calculation formula of the linear relationship is specifically: Δλ=K·P+C, where Δλ is the grating center wavelength drift, P is the shoe rail contact pressure, and K and C are sensitivity coefficients.

[0059] Optionally, the method for determining K and C is implemented using a neural network model. Compared with the traditional least squares fitting method, the neural network model can suppress the sensitivity of outliers, making the predicted value closer to the true value. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Generate linear data with noise: To simulate the situation where there is noise in actual measurement, the data generation formula is:

[0061] Δλ=K·P+C+noise

[0062] (2) Constructing a linear neural network model: Constructing a linear neural network model containing only a single layer to simulate the linear equation structure so that it can learn and fit the linear relationship in the data.

[0063] (3) Define the loss function and optimizer: The mean square error (MSE) is selected as the loss function to measure the error between the model prediction value and the true value. At the same time, the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimizer is selected to gradually reduce the loss function value by continuously adjusting the model parameters.

[0064] (4) Model training: Using the back-propagation algorithm, the model parameters are continuously updated according to the feedback of the loss function, thereby fitting the linear relationship in the data and enabling the model to accurately learn the intrinsic relationship between pressure and wavelength drift.

[0065] (5) Output K and C values: After training, the K and C values output by the model are the key parameters in the linear relationship between pressure and wavelength drift, which can be used for subsequent pressure calculations.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is further configured to:

[0067] The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is calibrated by applying a standard force within a preset range. The grating center wavelength drift under different pressures is collected and fitted to obtain a Δλ-P calibration curve.

[0068] The three-axis accelerometer is calibrated with a sine sweep frequency within the set range. Vibration measurement calibration is performed by comparing the output of the accelerometer measured at different frequencies with the reference acceleration value.

[0069] In this embodiment, to ensure the accuracy of the pressure sensor's measurements, it was calibrated on a hydraulic testing machine. Optionally, the load range was 0-200N standard force. By measuring the grating center wavelength drift under different pressures, a Δλ-P calibration curve was fitted. The required fit, R2 > 0.99, ensured high-precision pressure measurement.

[0070] The accelerometer is calibrated using a vibration table with a sine sweep frequency range of 10-2000Hz. By measuring the accelerometer output at different frequencies, its sensitivity and accuracy are calibrated to ensure the reliability of vibration measurement.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor contacts the carbon slide via a flexible force-transmitting layer composed of a composite of high-temperature-resistant silicone and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm. This composite structure ensures stable operation in high-temperature environments while effectively transmitting pressure, ensuring accurate pressure sensor measurements. It should be noted that the high-temperature curing silicone encapsulation is designed to withstand the carbon slide's operating temperature (-40°C to 200°C).

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is embedded in the collector shoe arm, and the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail is transmitted to the grating sensitive area through a flexible force transmission structure.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the triaxial acceleration sensor and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor are integrated on the same ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate is mounted on the inner side of the collector shoe support arm.

[0074] This design can synchronously measure the vibration acceleration of the collector shoe in the X (transverse), Y (longitudinal), and Z (vertical) directions, and comprehensively obtain the vibration information of the collector shoe.

[0075] In terms of signal transmission, the acceleration signal is transmitted through the idle fiber core of the optical fiber pressure sensor. This design avoids the use of additional cables, which not only simplifies system wiring, but also reduces the risk of failure caused by too many cables, thereby improving system stability and reliability.

[0076] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of a shoe rail is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned system, including:

[0077] The pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor;

[0078] The vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions are synchronously obtained through a triaxial acceleration sensor;

[0079] The pressure data collected by the fiber optic Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor are converted from optical signals into electrical signals by the optical fiber demodulator;

[0080] The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module comprehensively analyzes the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator to determine the working status of the collector shoe.

[0081] Specifically, a special carbon slide is carefully installed at the key stress-bearing part of the collector shoe. The carbon slide is tightly combined with the collector shoe to ensure that when the collector shoe is in contact with the contact rail and subjected to force, the pressure can be accurately transmitted to the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor embedded therein. The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG). When the pressure change causes the period and effective refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating to change, its Bragg wavelength shifts accordingly. By accurately measuring this wavelength shift, real-time and accurate measurement of the pressure between the collector shoe and the contact rail can be achieved.

[0082] Synchronously, a three-axis acceleration sensor is used to obtain the vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in three directions. The three-axis acceleration sensor is installed at a suitable position on the collector shoe to ensure that it can fully capture its vibration in the lateral (left and right directions of the track), longitudinal (train running direction) and vertical (perpendicular to the track plane) directions. When the collector shoe is running, it will vibrate due to factors such as the train running status and track conditions. The three-axis acceleration sensor will sense the acceleration generated by these vibrations in real time and convert them into corresponding electrical signals, recording the vibration acceleration data in three directions respectively, providing comprehensive vibration information for subsequent analysis.

[0083] Pressure data collected by fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors and vibration acceleration data collected by triaxial accelerometers initially exist in the form of optical signals. Fiber optic interrogators accurately convert these optical signals into electrical signals through high-precision photoelectric signal conversion technology. During this conversion process, fiber optic interrogators offer high-precision measurement capabilities and excellent stability, ensuring that even subtle changes in the optical signal are accurately preserved and reflected in the converted electrical signal. This ensures the integrity and accuracy of the original data, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent data analysis.

[0084] The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module performs a comprehensive analysis of the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the fiber optic demodulator, and accurately aligns and fuses the pressure data and vibration acceleration data in the time series. By analyzing the changing trends of the pressure data, it is possible to understand whether the contact state between the collector shoe and the contact rail is stable, whether there is poor contact or uneven pressure distribution; combined with the characteristics of the vibration acceleration data in three directions, it can further determine whether the collector shoe is subjected to abnormal impact, excessive vibration, and other problems during operation, as well as the possible causes of these problems and their impact on the working state of the collector shoe. Ultimately, based on the results of the comprehensive analysis, the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module accurately determines whether the working state of the collector shoe is normal. If an abnormality is found, it can issue a warning signal in a timely manner, providing strong protection for the safe operation of the train.

[0085] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a storage medium is further provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium can be used to execute the program code of any of the above-mentioned methods for online monitoring of the dynamic state of a shoe rail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0086] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium is configured to store program codes for executing the following steps:

[0087] S1, the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor;

[0088] S2, synchronously obtain the vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions through a triaxial acceleration sensor;

[0089] S3, converting the pressure data collected by the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals through the optical fiber demodulator;

[0090] S4, through the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module, the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator are comprehensively analyzed to determine the working status of the collector shoe.

[0091] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0092] Among them, computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, any type of disk, including floppy disks, optical disks, DVDs, CD-ROMs, microdrives and magneto-optical disks, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic or optical cards, nanosystems (including molecular memory ICs), or any type of medium or device suitable for storing instructions and / or data.

[0093] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an electronic device for implementing the above-mentioned method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of the shoe rail is also provided. The electronic device can be a server, a terminal, or a combination thereof.

[0094] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a processor 202, a communication interface 204, a memory 206 and a communication bus 208, wherein the processor 202, the communication interface 204, and the memory 206 communicate with each other via the communication bus 208, wherein,

[0095] Memory 206, for storing computer programs;

[0096] The processor 202 is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory 206 to implement the following steps:

[0097] S1, the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor;

[0098] S2, synchronously obtain the vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions through a triaxial acceleration sensor;

[0099] S3, converting the pressure data collected by the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals through the optical fiber demodulator;

[0100] S4, through the multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module, the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator are comprehensively analyzed to determine the working status of the collector shoe.

[0101] Optionally, the communication bus may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 2 The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic device and other devices.

[0102] The memory may include RAM, or may include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. Alternatively, the memory may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor.

[0103] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including but not limited to: CPU (Central Processing Unit), NP (Network Processor), etc.; it can also be DSP (Digital Signal Processing), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0104] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0105] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0106] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0108] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of the implementation scheme of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

[0109] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0110] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, triaxial acceleration sensor, fiber optic demodulator and multi-parameter fusion diagnostic unit; The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is embedded with a carbon slide plate to measure the pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail; The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to synchronously obtain vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions; The optical fiber demodulator is used to convert the pressure data collected by the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor from optical signals into electrical signals; The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is used to comprehensively analyze the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator to determine the working status of the collector shoe; The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are integrated on the same substrate, and the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the fiber demodulator are connected via an optical fiber.

2. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is also used for: A dynamic pressure-vibration correlation model is established and the contact force variation index is defined; When the contact force variation index exceeds the threshold, a contact instability warning is triggered; The formula for calculating the contact force variation index CI is specifically: Among them, σ P is the pressure standard deviation, μ P is the mean pressure, A v is the amplitude of the vibration acceleration spectrum.

3. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is also used for: The pressure between the collector shoe and the contact rail is calculated based on the linear relationship between the grating center wavelength drift and pressure; The calculation formula of the linear relationship is specifically: Δλ=K·P+C, where Δλ is the grating center wavelength drift, P is the shoe rail contact pressure, and K and C are sensitivity coefficients.

4. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module is also used for: The fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor is calibrated by applying a standard force within a preset range. The grating center wavelength drift under different pressures is collected and fitted to obtain a Δλ-P calibration curve. The three-axis accelerometer is calibrated with a sine sweep frequency within the set range. Vibration measurement calibration is performed by comparing the output of the accelerometer measured at different frequencies with the reference acceleration value.

5. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber grating pressure sensor contacts the carbon slide plate through a flexible force transmission layer, and the flexible force transmission layer is composed of a composite of high-temperature resistant silica gel and a stainless steel corrugated diaphragm.

6. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber grating pressure sensor is embedded in the collector shoe arm, and the pressure between the shoe arm and the contact rail is transmitted to the grating sensitive area through the flexible force transmission structure.

7. The shoe rail dynamic state online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis acceleration sensor and the fiber grating pressure sensor are integrated on the same ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate is mounted on the inner side of the collector shoe support arm.

8. A method for online monitoring of the dynamic state of a shoe rail, characterized in that: The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: The pressure data between the collector shoe and the contact rail is measured by embedding a carbon slide in a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor; The vibration acceleration data of the collector shoe in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions are synchronously obtained through a triaxial acceleration sensor; The pressure data collected by the fiber optic Bragg grating pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration data collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor are converted from optical signals into electrical signals by the optical fiber demodulator; The multi-parameter fusion diagnosis module comprehensively analyzes the pressure data and vibration acceleration data converted by the optical fiber demodulator to determine the working status of the collector shoe.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program executes the method of claim 8 when executed.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the method according to claim 8 through the computer program.

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