Nondestructive testing device for interior of cultural relic and ancient building and testing method of nondestructive testing device

Abstract

The invention provides a nondestructive testing device for the interior of a cultural relic and ancient building and a testing method thereof. The nondestructive testing device comprises a testing assembly, and the testing assembly comprises an extension rod, two side plates, a driving motor, two pull rods, a guide wheel, a rotating shaft and a through groove; and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the front surface of the mounting plate. The two side plates are attached to the outer wall of the supporting beam by holding the extension rod with a hand, the ultrasonic probe can be moved to a specified height position, and at the moment, the internal structure of the supporting beam at the position can be subjected to nondestructive testing; compared with the prior art, the device can increase the detectable height of the detection assembly through the extension rod, can stably contact the surface of a supporting beam at a higher position for the ancient building supporting beam, avoids the detection blind area, can comprehensively evaluate the safety of the overall structure of the ancient building, and improves the safety of the ancient building. And through cooperation of a driving motor, a rotating shaft, a guide wheel and other structures, the labor intensity of workers can be reduced, and then use is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detection device and a detection method thereof, in particular to a non-destructive detection device and a detection method for the interior of a cultural relic ancient building, belonging to the technical field of ancient building detection. Background Art

[0002] Ancient cultural relics and buildings carry the architectural techniques, cultural symbols, and social memories of specific historical periods (e.g., the bracket-shaped structures of the Forbidden City and the wood carvings of the Huizhou style). Once damaged due to improper inspection, these historical elements are permanently lost. Ancient buildings are often constructed of natural materials such as wood, brick, and stone. After centuries of natural weathering, insect damage, and sedimentation, hidden internal defects (such as rotting wooden beams and cracking brick joints) may develop. Ancient buildings require regular "physical examinations" to monitor their health, but frequent disassembly and inspection is impractical. Nondestructive testing enables long-term, dynamic, and non-invasive monitoring, establishing health records.

[0003] The principle of ultrasonic flaw detectors for non-destructive testing of ancient buildings (such as supporting columns) is to use the characteristics of ultrasonic waves propagating in materials to generate high-frequency sound waves through the piezoelectric effect and transmit them into the interior of the supporting columns. When the sound waves encounter internal defects in the wood (such as decay, cracks) or the interface between different media, they are reflected, refracted or scattered due to differences in acoustic impedance, resulting in changes in the intensity, time difference and waveform characteristics of the reflected waves. After the receiver captures these reflected wave signals carrying internal information, they are converted into electrical signals through the signal amplification and processing system, and finally presented as waveform graphs on the display device. By analyzing the waveform characteristics (such as peak position and amplitude changes), the inspector can determine the location, size and type of the defect and realize the internal quality assessment of the supporting column.

[0004] At present, there are common operational limitations when using ultrasonic flaw detectors for non-destructive testing of supporting beam structures of ancient buildings. Since the testing process relies on the staff to directly contact the handheld flaw detector probe with the surface of the supporting beam to collect the acoustic wave feedback signal, this traditional contact detection method is limited by the human working height range and operational safety. As a result, the detection range can only cover the lower and easily accessible areas of the supporting beam (such as less than 2 meters from the ground). For the supporting beams of ancient buildings located at higher positions, it is difficult to carry out the inspection work because personnel cannot safely approach or the equipment cannot stably contact the surface, resulting in a large number of monitoring blind spots, which in turn affects the comprehensive assessment of the overall structural safety of the ancient building. Therefore, a non-destructive testing device and detection method for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a non-destructive detection device and a detection method for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, so as to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0006] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows: a non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, comprising a testing assembly, wherein the testing assembly comprises an extension rod, a connecting seat, a mounting plate, two side plates, a driving motor, two pull rods, a guide wheel, a rotating shaft and a through slot; The connecting seat is fixedly connected to the front surface of the mounting plate, the extension rod is rotatably connected to the mounting plate through the connecting seat, the two side panels are symmetrically rotatably connected to the two sides of the mounting plate, one end of the two pull rods is symmetrically rotatably connected to the rear surface of the mounting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the side panel, the driving motor is installed on the outer side wall of the side panel, the guide wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, the through slot is opened inside the side panel, the position of the through slot corresponds to the position of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a transmission belt.

[0007] Further preferably, the detection assembly further includes two guide rods, a sliding seat, a sliding groove and a limit spring; The sliding groove is opened inside the side plate, the sliding seat is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the sliding groove, and the limit spring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the guide rod.

[0008] Further preferably, the sliding seat is slidably connected to the outer side walls of the two guide rods, one end of the limit spring abuts against the inner side wall of the sliding groove, and the other end of the limit spring abuts against the sliding seat.

[0009] Further preferably, one end of the pull rod away from the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the sliding seat.

[0010] Further preferably, the detection assembly further includes a movable plate, a support wheel, an ultrasonic probe, a mounting sleeve, a support spring and a limit rod; The rear end of the limiting rod is symmetrically fixedly connected to the front surface of the movable plate, the support spring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the limiting rod, the ultrasonic probe is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve, and the support wheel is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate.

[0011] Further preferably, the front end of the limiting rod passes through the front surface of the mounting plate and is slidably connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate.

[0012] Further preferably, the front end of the support spring abuts against the rear surface of the mounting plate, and the rear end of the support spring abuts against the front surface of the movable plate.

[0013] Further preferably, a control panel is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the outer side wall of the extension rod, and a limit holder is installed on the front surface of the control panel.

[0014] Further preferably, the interior of the limit clamp is clamped with an ultrasonic flaw detector body, and the signal end of the ultrasonic probe is connected to the signal end of the ultrasonic flaw detector body.

[0015] A non-destructive testing method for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, comprising the following steps: Low-position handheld non-destructive testing: With a handheld ultrasonic flaw detector, place the ultrasonic probe against the outer wall of the ancient building's support beam. The ultrasonic probe generates high-frequency sound waves and transmits them into the beam. When the sound waves encounter internal defects in the wood, the intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics of the reflected waves change, and a waveform graph is displayed on the ultrasonic flaw detector, enabling non-destructive testing of low-position support beams. Assemble the detection components: insert the ultrasonic flaw detector body into the inner part of the limit clamp, and insert the ultrasonic probe into the inner part of the mounting sleeve; Fit the detection component to the support beam: Hold the extension rod and fit the two side panels to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the limit spring, the guide wheel fits to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the support spring, the ultrasonic probe fits to the outer wall of the support beam. High-position handheld non-destructive testing: Move the mounting plate upward, and at the same time drive the motor to rotate the shaft, the shaft drives the guide wheel to move along the outer wall of the support beam, and the mounting plate drives the ultrasonic probe to contact the high-position support beam to achieve non-destructive testing of the high-position support beam.

[0016] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: The present invention inserts the ultrasonic flaw detector body into the interior of the limit card seat, inserts the ultrasonic probe into the interior of the mounting sleeve, then holds the extension rod, fits the two side plates with the outer wall of the support beam, and then moves the mounting plate upward through the extension rod, and at the same time drives the motor to drive the guide wheel to rotate. After the guide wheel contacts the support beam, the ultrasonic probe can be moved to a specified height position, and the internal structure of the support beam at this position can be non-destructively tested. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can increase the detectable height of the detection component through the extension rod. For the support beam of an ancient building located at a higher position, it can stably contact the surface of the support beam to avoid the occurrence of a detection blind spot, and thus the safety of the overall structure of the ancient building can be comprehensively evaluated. Moreover, through the cooperation of structures such as the drive motor, the rotating shaft, and the guide wheel, the labor intensity of the staff can be reduced, thereby facilitating use.

[0017] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the detection component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the side panel of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the side panel of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the ultrasonic probe of the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 101, detection component; 11, extension rod; 12, connecting seat; 13, mounting plate; 14, side panel; 15, drive motor; 16, pull rod; 17, guide wheel; 18, rotating shaft; 20, through slot; 21, guide rod; 22, sliding seat; 23, slide groove; 24, limit spring; 26, movable plate; 27, support wheel; 28, ultrasonic probe; 29, mounting sleeve; 30, support spring; 31, limit rod; 32, control panel; 33, ultrasonic flaw detector body; 34, limit card seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, including a testing assembly 101, which includes an extension rod 11, a connecting seat 12, a mounting plate 13, two side plates 14, a driving motor 15, two pull rods 16, a guide wheel 17, a rotating shaft 18 and a through slot 20; The connecting base 12 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the mounting plate 13. The extension rod 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 13 through the connecting base 12. A locking mechanism (not shown in the figure) is provided in the connecting base 12 to lock the angle between the extension rod 11 and the mounting plate 13, thereby forming a fixed connection for easy use. The extension rod 11 can increase the detectable height of the detection assembly 101. For support beams of ancient buildings located at higher positions, the detection assembly 101 can stably contact the surface of the support beams, avoiding detection blind spots, and thus making it possible to comprehensively assess the safety of the entire structure of the ancient building. The two side plates 14 are symmetrically connected to the two sides of the mounting plate 13, and one end of the two pull rods 16 is symmetrically connected to the rear surface of the mounting plate 13. The side plates 14 cooperate with the mounting plate 13 to form a recessed structure. When in contact with the support beam, the two side plates 14 can play an auxiliary positioning role to prevent the detection component 101 from sliding on the support beam. The rotating shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the inside of the side plate 14, the driving motor 15 is installed on the outer wall of the side plate 14, the guide wheel 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 18, and a through slot 20 is opened inside the side plate 14. The position of the through slot 20 corresponds to the position of the rotating shaft 18. The driving motor 15 is connected to the rotating shaft 18 through a transmission belt. The through slot 20 can reserve an installation position for the transmission belt, and it is convenient to replace or maintain the transmission belt. The driving motor 15 drives the rotating shaft 18, and the rotating shaft 18 drives the guide wheel 17 to rotate. After the guide wheel 17 contacts the support beam, it can play a role in assisting climbing, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the staff.

[0024] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 101 further includes two guide rods 21, a sliding seat 22, a sliding groove 23 and a limit spring 24; The chute 23 is formed inside the side plate 14, and the sliding seat 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the chute 23. The limit spring 24 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 21. The two ends of the guide rod 21 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the chute 23. The sliding seat 22 is slidably connected to the outer walls of the two guide rods 21. The guide rod 21 can limit the position of the sliding seat 22 to prevent the sliding seat 22 from falling out of the chute 23. One end of the limit spring 24 abuts the inner wall of the slide groove 23, and the other end of the limit spring 24 abuts the sliding seat 22. The end of the pull rod 16 away from the mounting plate 13 is rotated and connected to the outer wall of the sliding seat 22. When the two side plates 14 are fitted with the outer wall of the support beam through the guide wheel 17, the side plates 14 rotate, and under the pull of the pull rod 16, the sliding seat 22 slides along the guide rod 21, and the limit spring 24 is compressed under the force, and then under the reverse force of the limit spring 24, the side plate 14 is always pushed by the limit spring 24, and the guide wheel 17 can be tightly fitted with the support beam.

[0025] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 101 further includes a movable plate 26, a support wheel 27, an ultrasonic probe 28, a mounting sleeve 29, a support spring 30, and a limiting rod 31; The rear end of the limiting rod 31 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the front surface of the movable plate 26, the support spring 30 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod 31, the ultrasonic probe 28 is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve 29, and the support wheel 27 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate 26. The inner wall of the mounting sleeve 29 is bonded with a rubber anti-slip pad, so when the ultrasonic probe 28 is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve 29, the position of the ultrasonic probe 28 can be kept fixed and will not fall out of the mounting sleeve 29.

[0026] In one embodiment, the front end of the limiting rod 31 passes through the front surface of the mounting plate 13 and is slidably connected to the mounting plate 13. The mounting sleeve 29 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate 26. The front end of the support spring 30 abuts the rear surface of the mounting plate 13, and the rear end of the support spring 30 abuts the front surface of the movable plate 26. The mounting plate 13 is pushed by the support spring 30, and the mounting plate 13 drives the support wheel 27 and the ultrasonic probe 28. The ultrasonic probe 28 and the support wheel 27 are simultaneously in contact with the outer wall of the support beam. The ultrasonic probe 28 is fitted to the outer wall of the support beam and can transmit the generated high-frequency sound waves into the interior of the support beam to ensure the effect of non-destructive testing; The support wheel 27 fits against the outer wall of the support beam and can play an auxiliary supporting role, preventing the ultrasonic probe 28 from being subjected to excessive pressure and causing scratches on the support beam or being unable to move along the support beam; In one embodiment, a control panel 32 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the outer wall of the extension rod 11, and a limit holder 34 is installed on the front surface of the control panel 32. The ultrasonic flaw detector body 33 is clamped inside the limit holder 34, and the signal end of the ultrasonic probe 28 is connected to the signal end of the ultrasonic flaw detector body 33. The position of the ultrasonic flaw detector body 33 can be limited by the limit holder 34. By clamping, it is convenient to quickly install and disassemble it to meet different usage requirements.

[0027] In the present invention, the ultrasonic flaw detector is a prior art, so its internal structure, working principle and usage are not described in detail.

[0028] In one embodiment, the control panel 32 is further equipped with a display screen (not shown in the figure). A processing chip is embedded in the display screen for real-time display and analysis of the intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristic changes of the reflected waves received by the ultrasonic flaw detector. The system then determines possible problems with the support beams of the ancient building being inspected and evaluates and scores them. Specifically, the following steps are included: 1. The probe receives the reflected wave When the ultrasonic flaw detector probe contacts the surface of a historic building's support beam and emits ultrasonic waves, they propagate within the beam. During this propagation process, some of the ultrasonic waves will be reflected if they encounter internal defects (such as cracks, decay, or voids) or structural interfaces (such as joints between different materials). The probe, acting as both the transmitter and receiver of the ultrasonic waves, receives these reflected waves in real time and converts them into weak electrical signals.

[0029] 2. Signal Amplification Because the reflected wave signal received by the probe is typically very weak, it needs to be amplified for subsequent processing and analysis. Ultrasonic flaw detectors typically incorporate specialized signal amplification circuits to amplify the weak electrical signal to an appropriate amplitude. This step improves the signal-to-noise ratio, making subsequent processing more accurate and reliable.

[0030] 3. Analog-to-digital conversion The amplified electrical signal is still an analog signal, but the processing chip can only process digital signals. Therefore, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is required to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. The ADC samples the analog signal discretely over time and converts the voltage value at each sampling point into a corresponding digital code. The converted digital signal contains a digitized representation of information such as the reflected wave's intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics, providing the data foundation for the processing chip.

[0031] 4. Signal Transmission to Processing Chip The digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion is transmitted via the data bus to the processing chip embedded in the control panel. The processing chip is the core of the entire detection system, responsible for real-time processing and analysis of the received digital signal.

[0032] 5. Reflected wave intensity analysis 1. Relationship between strength and defect type The intensity of the reflected wave is closely related to the nature of the internal defect in the support beam. Different types of defects reflect ultrasound waves differently, resulting in varying intensities in the reflected wave. For example, when ultrasound encounters a large cavity defect, the reflected wave is typically stronger due to the significant difference in acoustic impedance between the cavity and the surrounding material. However, when encountering a tiny crack, the reflected wave may be relatively weaker. The processing chip analyzes the intensity of the received reflected wave and compares it with a pre-set threshold to preliminarily determine the type of defect.

[0033] 2. Analysis of intensity change trend In addition to measuring the intensity of individual reflected waves, the processing chip also analyzes how reflected wave intensity changes over time or location. Under normal circumstances, the material inside the support beam is uniform, and the reflected wave intensity should be relatively stable. However, if the reflected wave intensity increases or decreases abnormally in a certain area, it may indicate a defect or structural change in that area. For example, when ultrasonic waves encounter continuous decayed areas during propagation, the reflected wave intensity may gradually decrease. By analyzing this changing trend, the processing chip can more accurately locate the location and extent of the defect.

[0034] 6. Reflection Wave Time Difference Analysis 1. Relationship between time difference and defect location The time difference of the reflected wave refers to the time it takes for an ultrasonic wave to be transmitted and received. Since the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the support beam is relatively constant (given a known material), measuring the time difference of the reflected waves allows us to calculate the distance between the reflection point and the probe, thereby pinpointing the defect's location. The processing chip accurately calculates this time difference based on the time it transmits the ultrasonic wave and the time it receives the reflected wave. This time difference, combined with the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the support beam, allows us to determine the depth of the defect.

[0035] 2. Time difference analysis of multi-layer structure For the multi-layered support beams of ancient buildings, ultrasonic waves will reflect multiple times between different layers. The processing chip needs to be able to accurately identify and analyze the time differences between these multiple reflections to determine the interface locations between layers and any interlayer defects. For example, the support beams of ancient wooden structures may have multiple layers of wood and metal connectors. Analyzing the time differences can determine whether the connectors are loose or corroded.

[0036] 7. Analysis of reflected wave waveform characteristics 1. Relationship between waveform characteristics and defect morphology The waveform characteristics of the reflected wave contain rich information, revealing the morphology of internal defects in the support beam. For example, a sharp crack defect may produce a distinct peak in the reflected wave waveform, while a circular cavity defect may produce a smoother waveform. The processing chip performs mathematical processing such as Fourier transform on the reflected wave waveform, extracting characteristic parameters such as frequency, phase, and amplitude. This information is then compared with a pre-established database of defect waveforms to more accurately determine the defect morphology.

[0037] 2. Waveform distortion analysis During ultrasonic propagation, if it encounters complex defects or structural inhomogeneities, the reflected wave waveform may be distorted. The processing chip analyzes the degree of waveform distortion, such as broadening and twisting, to assess the severity of the defect and its impact on the structural safety of the support beam. For example, severe waveform distortion may indicate that the defect has caused a significant change in the stress distribution within the support beam, necessitating prompt repair.

[0038] 8. Real-time waveform display of reflected wave signal The display shows the waveform of the reflected wave signal received by the processing chip in real time. This waveform display allows personnel to visually observe changes in the reflected wave's intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics. During the inspection process, personnel can adjust the probe position and inspection parameters based on the dynamic changes in the waveform to obtain more accurate test results. For example, if an abnormal waveform is detected in a certain area, personnel can conduct a more detailed scan nearby.

[0039] 9. Visual display of defect location and morphology After analyzing the reflected wave signal, the processing chip transmits the defect's location and morphology to a display screen for visualization. This display typically displays the internal structure of the support beam in a two- or three-dimensional image, using different colors or markers to indicate the location and type of the defect. For example, red marks severe cracks, while yellow marks minor areas of decay. This visual display allows staff to more intuitively understand the internal condition of the support beam, facilitating the development of targeted repair plans.

[0040] 10. Real-time display of test parameters and results The display also displays various parameters during the inspection process in real time, such as the ultrasonic transmission frequency, the contact pressure between the probe and the support beam, and the inspection speed. It also displays the processing chip's defect determination and assessment score. Based on this information, staff can monitor and adjust the inspection process to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results. For example, if the inspection speed is too fast, resulting in unclear waveforms, staff can reduce the inspection speed appropriately.

[0041] 11. Interactive Functions Display screens typically include interactive features, allowing operators to operate and control the inspection process through touchscreens or keystrokes. For example, they can adjust the display mode (such as waveform display, image display, data list display, etc.), select different analysis algorithms for further processing of reflected wave signals, and save inspection data and images for subsequent analysis and report generation.

[0042] 12. Question Judgment and Evaluation Scoring 1. Problem determination The processing chip analyzes the reflected wave intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics, combined with pre-set defect judgment rules and a database, to determine potential defects in the inspected ancient building support beams. The judgment typically includes information such as defect type (e.g., cracks, decay, voids, etc.), location (depth and horizontal position), size (length, width, depth, etc.), and severity (mild, moderate, severe). For example, if the reflected wave intensity exceeds a certain threshold and the waveform exhibits sharp peaks, the processing chip may determine that a severe crack defect exists in that area.

[0043] 2. Evaluation and scoring To more intuitively assess the health of support beams, the processing chip assesses and scores them based on the identified defects. This assessment typically considers factors such as defect type, number, location, size, and severity. For example, different defect types can be assigned different weights, with defects in critical locations receiving a higher score. This weighted calculation yields an overall health score for the support beam. The score is typically displayed on a display screen using a percentage or a graded scale (e.g., excellent, good, acceptable, unacceptable), providing a clear reference for decision-making regarding the preservation and restoration of historic buildings.

[0044] 3. Development of evaluation criteria The development of evaluation criteria is a critical step, requiring comprehensive consideration of the structural characteristics, historical value, functional use, and relevant codes and standards of the ancient buildings. Typically, experts in ancient building preservation, structural engineers, and ultrasonic testing technicians are invited to participate in the development of these criteria. The criteria are refined based on the specific type of ancient building and supporting beam structure to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the assessment results. For example, for supporting beams in wooden ancient buildings, the evaluation criteria may focus more on defects such as decay and cracks; whereas for supporting beams in stone ancient buildings, the focus may be on weathering and fracture of the stone.

[0045] 13. Data Storage and Report Generation 1. Data Storage During the inspection process, the display and processing chip record a large amount of test data, including raw reflected wave signal data, analysis results, problem determination, evaluation scores, and test parameters. This data is stored in the ultrasonic flaw detector's internal memory or external storage device for subsequent query, analysis, and comparison. Data storage can be managed in a database, facilitating the categorized storage and retrieval of data for different inspection items and at different time points.

[0046] 2. Report Generation Based on the test data and analysis results, the ultrasonic flaw detector can automatically generate a detailed test report. The test report usually includes the following contents: Basic information of the inspection project: including the name, address, inspection time, inspection personnel and other information of the ancient building.

[0047] Support beam structure description: Describe the structural form, material, size, etc. of the support beam being tested.

[0048] Detection methods and equipment: Describe the ultrasonic flaw detector model, detection parameter settings and detection methods used.

[0049] Detection results and analysis: Detailed display of the reflected wave signal waveform, defect location and morphological image, as well as defect judgment results and analysis.

[0050] Assessment Scoring and Conclusion: Provide an overall health score and assessment conclusion for the support beam, and make corresponding repair recommendations.

[0051] Attachments: including original records of test data, image materials, etc.

[0052] The inspection report can be output in the form of paper or electronic documents, providing a comprehensive technical basis for the protection and repair of ancient buildings.

[0053] A non-destructive testing method for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, comprising the following steps: Low-position handheld non-destructive testing: With a handheld ultrasonic flaw detector, place the ultrasonic probe against the outer wall of the ancient building's support beam. The ultrasonic probe generates high-frequency sound waves and transmits them into the beam. When the sound waves encounter internal defects in the wood, the intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics of the reflected waves change, and a waveform graph is displayed on the ultrasonic flaw detector, enabling non-destructive testing of low-position support beams. Assemble the detection components: insert the ultrasonic flaw detector body into the inner part of the limit clamp, and insert the ultrasonic probe into the inner part of the mounting sleeve; Fit the detection component to the support beam: Hold the extension rod and fit the two side panels to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the limit spring, the guide wheel fits to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the support spring, the ultrasonic probe fits to the outer wall of the support beam. High-position handheld non-destructive testing: Move the mounting plate upward, and at the same time drive the motor to rotate the shaft, the shaft drives the guide wheel to move along the outer wall of the support beam, and the mounting plate drives the ultrasonic probe to contact the high-position support beam to achieve non-destructive testing of the high-position support beam.

[0054] When the present invention is in operation, it first performs nondestructive testing on the internal structure of the low-position support beam. The ultrasonic flaw detector body 33 is held in hand, and then the ultrasonic probe 28 is attached to the outer wall of the support beam of the ancient building. At this time, the ultrasonic probe 28 generates high-frequency sound waves and transmits them into the interior of the support beam. When the sound waves encounter internal defects in the wood, the intensity, time difference and waveform characteristics of the reflected waves change, and a waveform diagram can be displayed on the ultrasonic flaw detector body 33. At this time, nondestructive testing of the internal structure of the low-position support beam is achieved. Then, perform non-destructive testing on the internal structure of the support beam at a high position, insert the ultrasonic flaw detector body 33 into the interior of the limit card seat 34, insert the ultrasonic probe 28 into the interior of the mounting sleeve 29, and then hold the extension rod 11 to fit the two side panels 14 with the outer wall of the support beam. The side panels 14 rotate and fit with the outer wall of the support beam through the guide wheel 17. Under the pull of the pull rod 16, the sliding seat 22 slides along the guide rod 21, and the limit spring 24 is compressed under the force, and then under the reverse force of the limit spring 24, the side panel 14 is always pushed by the limit spring 24, and the guide wheel 17 can be aligned with the support beam. The support beam is tightly fitted. At the same time, the mounting plate 13 is pushed by the support spring 30, and the mounting plate 13 drives the support wheel 27 and the ultrasonic probe 28. The ultrasonic probe 28 and the support wheel 27 are fitted with the outer wall of the support beam at the same time. Then, the mounting plate 13 is moved upward by the extension rod 11, and the drive motor 15 is controlled to work at the same time. The drive motor 15 drives the rotating shaft 18 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 18 drives the guide wheel 17 to rotate. After the guide wheel 17 contacts the support beam, it can play a role in assisting climbing and move the ultrasonic probe 28 to a specified height position. At this time, the internal structure of the support beam at this position can be non-destructively tested. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can increase the detectable height of the detection component 101 by extending the rod 11. For the support beams of ancient buildings located at higher positions, the surface of the support beams can be stably contacted to avoid the occurrence of detection blind spots, thereby enabling a comprehensive assessment of the safety of the overall structure of the ancient building. Moreover, through the coordination of structures such as the drive motor 15, the rotating shaft 18, and the guide wheel 17, the labor intensity of the staff can be reduced, thereby facilitating use.

[0055] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications and substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A non-destructive testing device for the interior of a cultural relic or ancient building, comprising a testing component (101), characterized in that: The detection assembly (101) includes an extension rod (11), a connecting seat (12), a mounting plate (13), two side plates (14), a driving motor (15), two pull rods (16), a guide wheel (17), a rotating shaft (18) and a through slot (20); The connecting seat (12) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the mounting plate (13), the extension rod (11) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (13) through the connecting seat (12), the two side plates (14) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the two sides of the mounting plate (13), one end of the two pull rods (16) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the rear surface of the mounting plate (13), the rotating shaft (18) is rotatably connected to the inside of the side plate (14), the driving motor (15) is installed on the outer side wall of the side plate (14), the guide wheel (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (18), the through slot (20) is opened inside the side plate (14), the position of the through slot (20) corresponds to the position of the rotating shaft (18), and the driving motor (15) is connected to the rotating shaft (18) through a transmission belt.

2. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly (101) further includes two guide rods (21), a sliding seat (22), a sliding groove (23) and a limit spring (24); The sliding groove (23) is opened inside the side plate (14), the sliding seat (22) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (23), and the limit spring (24) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod (21).

3. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding seat (22) is slidably connected to the outer side walls of the two guide rods (21), one end of the limit spring (24) abuts against the inner side wall of the slide groove (23), and the other end of the limit spring (24) abuts against the sliding seat (22).

4. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the pull rod (16) away from the mounting plate (13) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the sliding seat (22).

5. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly (101) further includes a movable plate (26), a support wheel (27), an ultrasonic probe (28), a mounting sleeve (29), a support spring (30) and a limiting rod (31); The rear end of the limiting rod (31) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the front surface of the movable plate (26), the support spring (30) is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting rod (31), the ultrasonic probe (28) is inserted into the interior of the mounting sleeve (29), and the support wheel (27) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate (26).

6. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end of the limiting rod (31) passes through the front surface of the mounting plate (13) and is slidably connected to the mounting plate (13), and the mounting sleeve (29) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the movable plate (26).

7. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end of the support spring (30) abuts against the rear surface of the mounting plate (13), and the rear end of the support spring (30) abuts against the front surface of the movable plate (26).

8. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: A control panel (32) is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the outer side wall of the extension rod (11), and a limit holder (34) is installed on the front surface of the control panel (32).

9. The non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ultrasonic flaw detector body (33) is clamped inside the limit clamping seat (34), and the signal end of the ultrasonic probe (28) is connected to the signal end of the ultrasonic flaw detector body (33).

10. A method for non-destructive testing of the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings, applied to the non-destructive testing device for the interior of cultural relics and ancient buildings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Low-position handheld non-destructive testing: With a handheld ultrasonic flaw detector, place the ultrasonic probe against the outer wall of the ancient building's support beam. The ultrasonic probe generates high-frequency sound waves and transmits them into the beam. When the sound waves encounter internal defects in the wood, the intensity, time difference, and waveform characteristics of the reflected waves change, and a waveform graph is displayed on the ultrasonic flaw detector, enabling non-destructive testing of low-position support beams. Assemble the detection components: insert the ultrasonic flaw detector body into the inner part of the limit clamp, and insert the ultrasonic probe into the inner part of the mounting sleeve; Fit the detection component to the support beam: Hold the extension rod and fit the two side panels to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the limit spring, the guide wheel fits to the outer wall of the support beam. Under the push of the support spring, the ultrasonic probe fits to the outer wall of the support beam. High-position handheld non-destructive testing: Move the mounting plate upward, and at the same time drive the motor to rotate the shaft, the shaft drives the guide wheel to move along the outer wall of the support beam, and the mounting plate drives the ultrasonic probe to contact the high-position support beam to achieve non-destructive testing of the high-position support beam.

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