Livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic regulation and control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and discloses a livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic regulation and control system and method, and the system comprises an environment sensing module, an edge calculation module, a decision control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a man-machine interaction module, and a safety redundancy module. The environment sensing module is electrically connected with the edge calculation module through an RS485 bus, the edge calculation module is connected with the decision control module through a Modbus-TCP protocol, the decision control module is electrically connected with the equipment execution module through a CAN bus, and the equipment execution module feeds back signals to the edge calculation module to form closed-loop control. By integrating an environment sensing module, an edge calculation module, a decision control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a man-machine interaction module and a safety redundancy module, comprehensive monitoring and intelligent regulation and control of a livestock breeding environment are realized, and all the modules work cooperatively to form an efficient, stable and safe livestock breeding environment management system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring and automatically controlling an animal husbandry environment. Background Art

[0002] Animal husbandry is a production sector in which people utilize the life functions of animals to obtain animal products or draft animals through breeding and reproduction. Animal husbandry is divided into breeding and domestication. Breeding includes the raising of large livestock (cattle, horses, mules, donkeys, and camels), small livestock (pigs, sheep, etc.), and poultry (chickens, ducks, geese, etc.). Domestication includes the domestication of economic animals such as deer, musk deer, minks, foxes, and otters. The characteristic of animal husbandry is that the objects of labor are living animals, which can be used as both means of production and means of subsistence. Animal husbandry refers to the production sector in which livestock and poultry are raised to obtain animal products or draft animals through grazing, confinement, or a combination of the two. It includes livestock breeding, poultry breeding, and the domestication of economic animals. Animal husbandry plays a vital role in the national economy.

[0003] Most of the existing livestock breeding environment control methods rely on manual experience and judgment, lack of intelligence and automation, resulting in an unstable breeding environment, low animal growth efficiency, and major safety hazards. It is impossible to achieve full-chain automation of livestock breeding, which reduces breeding efficiency and significantly increases the need for human intervention.

[0004] To this end, we propose a livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention mainly aims to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system, including an environmental perception module, an edge computing module, a decision control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a human-computer interaction module and a safety redundancy module. The environmental perception module is electrically connected to the edge computing module through an RS485 bus, the edge computing module is connected to the decision control module through a Modbus-TCP protocol, the decision control module is electrically connected to the equipment execution module through a CAN bus, and the equipment execution module feeds back a signal to the edge computing module to form a closed-loop control. The safety redundancy module is connected to the environmental perception module, the edge computing module, the decision control module, the equipment execution module, the energy management module and the human-computer interaction module through an electrical signal through a heartbeat detection mechanism, and the energy management module is respectively connected to the environmental perception module, the edge computing module, the decision control module, the equipment execution module, the human-computer interaction module and the safety redundancy module through electrical signals.

[0007] Preferably, the environmental perception module is used to collect multi-dimensional environmental data of the farm in real time. The environmental perception module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a gas analysis unit, and a humidity and light monitoring unit. The temperature monitoring unit is specifically a PT1000 high-precision sensor, the gas analysis unit is specifically a NH3 / H2S / CO2 three-in-one sensor, and the humidity and light monitoring unit is specifically a capacitive humidity sensor and a light intensity sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the edge computing module is used to perform noise reduction, feature extraction and trend prediction on the original data. The edge computing module includes a data filtering unit, a feature extraction unit and an adaptive modeling unit. The data filtering unit has a built-in Kalman filtering algorithm, the feature extraction unit is based on sliding window outlier detection, and the adaptive modeling unit uses an LSTM neural network to predict environmental change trends.

[0009] Preferably, the decision control module is used to generate the optimal equipment control strategy. The decision control module includes a multi-objective optimization unit, a priority arbitration unit and an execution strategy generation unit. The multi-objective optimization unit balances energy consumption and comfort through a genetic algorithm. The priority arbitration unit is used to hierarchically process emergency or routine control tasks. The execution strategy generation unit is used to generate a device control instruction queue.

[0010] Preferably, the equipment execution module is used to perform physical environment control operations. The equipment execution module includes a ventilation group control unit, a temperature control unit and a disinfection unit. The ventilation group control unit controls the ventilation air volume through a linkage between a variable frequency fan and blinds. The temperature control unit performs multi-modal control through floor heating, water curtains and infrared heating. The disinfection unit uses an ozone generator and spray disinfection to regularly disinfect viruses.

[0011] Preferably, the energy management module is used to achieve intelligent matching of energy supply and equipment power consumption. The energy management module includes a photovoltaic energy storage unit, a power consumption monitoring unit and an equipment scheduling unit. The photovoltaic energy storage unit is specifically an MPPT solar controller, and the power consumption monitoring unit is specifically a CT-type current sensor array. The equipment scheduling unit performs power scheduling based on the peak-shifting power consumption strategy based on load forecasting. The equipment scheduling unit is linked with the decision-making control module to dynamically adjust the execution strategy.

[0012] Preferably, the human-computer interaction module is used to provide multimodal interaction and remote monitoring capabilities. The human-computer interaction module includes a three-dimensional visualization unit, a mobile interface unit and a voice control unit. The three-dimensional visualization unit uses WebGL to build an environmental field distribution model. The mobile interface unit uses WeChat applet and MQTT protocol for remote monitoring. The mobile interface unit is directly connected to the safety redundancy module to realize emergency status push. The voice control unit is specifically a localized voice command recognition engine.

[0013] Preferably, the safety redundancy module is used to ensure continuous and reliable operation of the system. The safety redundancy module includes a dual-machine hot standby unit, an emergency broadcast unit and a data recovery unit. The dual-machine hot standby unit automatically switches using a master-slave controller. The emergency broadcast unit is specifically an IP network broadcast system. The data recovery unit uses blockchain distributed storage data.

[0014] A method for monitoring and automatically controlling a livestock breeding environment, comprising the above-mentioned livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatically controlling system, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Multi-sensor data fusion collection: Comprehensive monitoring of the farm environment is achieved through the environmental perception module to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data;

[0016] Step 2: Environmental simulation based on digital twins: Using digital twin technology to build a virtual model of the farm, driven by real-time data, simulate environmental change trends to provide a scientific basis for decision-making;

[0017] Step 3: Collaborative control of equipment under multi-objective constraints: Under comprehensive consideration of multiple objective constraints such as energy consumption, animal comfort, and environmental safety, advanced algorithms and strategies are used to achieve intelligent collaborative control of ventilation, temperature control, disinfection, and other equipment to ensure a stable and optimized breeding environment.

[0018] Step 4: Fault self-diagnosis and gradient recovery mechanism: The system has a built-in fault self-diagnosis module that can monitor the operating status of each module in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, it will immediately trigger an alarm and start the gradient recovery mechanism to ensure that the system returns to normal operation in the shortest time and guarantee the continuity and safety of breeding activities.

[0019] The present invention provides a livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method realizes comprehensive monitoring and intelligent control of the livestock breeding environment by integrating an environmental perception module, an edge computing module, a decision-making control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a human-computer interaction module and a safety redundancy module. The modules work together to form an efficient, stable and safe livestock breeding environment management system. The environmental perception module can collect multi-dimensional environmental data of the farm in real time, providing a solid foundation for subsequent data processing and decision-making. The edge computing module is responsible for noise reduction, feature extraction and trend prediction of the original data, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of the data. The decision-making control module generates the optimal equipment control strategy based on multi-objective optimization and priority arbitration strategy, achieving a balance between energy consumption and comfort.

[0022] 2. This livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method, by setting up an equipment execution module, the equipment execution module performs physical environment control operations such as ventilation, temperature control and disinfection according to instructions, thereby ensuring the stability and optimization of the breeding environment.

[0023] 3. This livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method, by setting up an energy management module, the energy management module achieves rational utilization and conservation of energy by intelligently matching energy supply and equipment power consumption.

[0024] 4. This livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method, by setting up a human-computer interaction module, provides multimodal interaction and remote monitoring capabilities, allowing breeding personnel to grasp the breeding environment conditions anytime and anywhere and make corresponding adjustments.

[0025] 5. This livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system and method, by setting up a safety redundancy module, ensures the continuous and reliable operation of the system and effectively avoids breeding losses caused by system failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a system module diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0029] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended only to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," and "side" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: A livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an environmental perception module, an edge computing module, a decision control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a human-computer interaction module and a safety redundancy module. The environmental perception module is electrically connected to the edge computing module through the RS485 bus, the edge computing module is connected to the decision control module through the Modbus-TCP protocol, the decision control module is electrically connected to the equipment execution module through the CAN bus, and the equipment execution module feeds back signals to the edge computing module to form a closed-loop control. The safety redundancy module is connected to the environmental perception module, the edge computing module, the decision control module, the equipment execution module, the energy management module and the human-computer interaction module through an electrical signal through a heartbeat detection mechanism. The energy management module is connected to the environmental perception module, the edge computing module, the decision control module, the equipment execution module, the human-computer interaction module and the safety redundancy module through electrical signals. The environmental perception module is used to collect multi-dimensional environmental data of the farm in real time. The environmental perception module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a gas analysis unit and a humidity monitoring unit. The temperature monitoring unit is specifically a PT1000 high-precision sensor, the gas analysis unit is specifically a NH3 / H2S / CO2 three-in-one sensor, and the humidity and light monitoring unit is specifically a capacitive humidity sensor and a light intensity sensor. By integrating the environmental perception module, edge computing module, decision-making control module, equipment execution module, energy management module, human-computer interaction module and safety redundancy module, comprehensive monitoring and intelligent regulation of the livestock breeding environment are realized. The modules work together to form an efficient, stable and safe livestock breeding environment management system. The environmental perception module can collect multi-dimensional environmental data of the farm in real time, providing a solid foundation for subsequent data processing and decision-making. The edge computing module is responsible for noise reduction, feature extraction and trend prediction of the original data, which effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of the data. The decision-making control module generates the optimal equipment regulation strategy based on multi-objective optimization and priority arbitration strategy, achieving a balance between energy consumption and comfort.

[0035] Example 2: Based on Example 1, Figure 1As shown, the edge computing module is used to reduce noise, extract features and predict trends of raw data. The edge computing module includes a data filtering unit, a feature extraction unit and an adaptive modeling unit. The data filtering unit has a built-in Kalman filtering algorithm. The feature extraction unit is based on outlier detection of sliding windows. The adaptive modeling unit uses an LSTM neural network to predict environmental change trends. The decision control module is used to generate the optimal equipment control strategy. The decision control module includes a multi-objective optimization unit, a priority arbitration unit and an execution strategy generation unit. The multi-objective optimization unit balances energy consumption and comfort through a genetic algorithm. The priority arbitration unit is used to hierarchically process emergency or routine control tasks. The execution strategy generation unit is used to generate a device control instruction queue. By setting up a device execution module, the device execution module executes physical environment control operations according to the instructions, such as ventilation, temperature control and disinfection, thereby ensuring the stability and optimization of the breeding environment.

[0036] Example 3: Based on Example 1 and Example 2, Figure 1 As shown, the equipment execution module is used to perform physical environment control operations. The equipment execution module includes a ventilation group control unit, a temperature control unit and a disinfection unit. The ventilation group control unit controls the ventilation air volume through a linkage between a variable frequency fan and blinds. The temperature control unit performs multi-modal control through floor heating, water curtains and infrared heating. The disinfection unit uses an ozone generator and spray disinfection to regularly disinfect viruses. The energy management module is used to achieve intelligent matching of energy supply and equipment power consumption. The energy management module includes a photovoltaic energy storage unit, a power consumption monitoring unit and an equipment scheduling unit. The photovoltaic energy storage unit is specifically an MPPT solar controller, and the power consumption monitoring unit is specifically a CT current sensor array. The equipment scheduling unit performs power scheduling based on the peak-shifting power consumption strategy based on load forecasting. The equipment scheduling unit is linked with the decision control module to dynamically adjust the execution strategy. By setting up the energy management module, the energy management module achieves rational utilization and conservation of energy by intelligently matching energy supply and equipment power consumption.

[0037] Example 4: Based on Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3, Figure 1As shown, the human-computer interaction module provides multimodal interaction and remote monitoring capabilities. The module includes a 3D visualization unit, a mobile interface unit, and a voice control unit. The 3D visualization unit uses WebGL to construct an environmental field distribution model. The mobile interface unit uses WeChat mini-programs and the MQTT protocol for remote monitoring. The mobile interface unit is directly connected to the safety redundancy module to enable emergency status notification. The voice control unit is specifically a localized voice command recognition engine. The safety redundancy module ensures continuous and reliable system operation. The safety redundancy module includes a dual-machine hot standby unit, an emergency broadcast unit, and a data recovery unit. The dual-machine hot standby unit uses a master-slave controller for automatic switching. The emergency broadcast unit is specifically an IP network broadcast system. The data recovery unit uses blockchain distributed data storage. By setting up the human-computer interaction module, the human-computer interaction module provides multimodal interaction and remote monitoring capabilities, allowing farmers to understand the status of the farming environment anytime and anywhere and make corresponding adjustments. By setting up the safety redundancy module, the safety redundancy module ensures the continuous and reliable operation of the system, effectively avoiding farming losses caused by system failures.

[0038] Example 5: Based on Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4, a method for monitoring and automatically controlling the livestock breeding environment is provided. Figure 2 As shown, the livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Multi-sensor data fusion collection: Comprehensive monitoring of the farm environment is achieved through the environmental perception module to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data;

[0040] Step 2: Environmental simulation based on digital twins: Using digital twin technology to build a virtual model of the farm, driven by real-time data, simulate environmental change trends to provide a scientific basis for decision-making;

[0041] Step 3: Collaborative control of equipment under multi-objective constraints: Under comprehensive consideration of multiple objective constraints such as energy consumption, animal comfort, and environmental safety, advanced algorithms and strategies are used to achieve intelligent collaborative control of ventilation, temperature control, disinfection, and other equipment to ensure a stable and optimized breeding environment.

[0042] Step 4: Fault self-diagnosis and gradient recovery mechanism: The system has a built-in fault self-diagnosis module that can monitor the operating status of each module in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, it will immediately trigger an alarm and start the gradient recovery mechanism to ensure that the system returns to normal operation in the shortest time and guarantee the continuity and safety of breeding activities.

[0043] Working principle of the present invention:

[0044] The environmental perception module uses integrated high-precision sensors to capture key environmental parameters such as temperature, gas composition, humidity, and light intensity in real time. The edge computing module then preprocesses this raw data, applying a Kalman filter algorithm to effectively reduce noise and accurately identifying outliers using sliding window technology. It then uses an LSTM neural network to predict future environmental trends, providing a reliable basis for subsequent decision-making and control. Upon receiving the output from the edge computing module, the decision-making and control module initiates a multi-objective optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithms, maximizing energy conservation while ensuring animal comfort. The priority arbitration unit intelligently prioritizes control instructions based on task urgency, ensuring that critical tasks are prioritized. Based on these instructions, the execution strategy generation unit generates a series of device control instructions, which are transmitted to the device execution module via the CAN bus. The device execution module responds immediately, adjusting ventilation volume using variable-frequency fans and blinds, and flexibly controlling temperature using floor heating, water curtains, and infrared heating. Furthermore, the ozone generator and spray disinfection device operate on a scheduled basis to fully ensure the hygienic and safe farming environment. The energy management module monitors energy consumption in real time, optimizing energy supply through MPPT solar controllers. Combined with load forecasting strategies, it intelligently schedules power usage and works closely with the decision-making control module to dynamically adjust equipment operating strategies for efficient energy utilization. The human-computer interaction module provides users with an intuitive 3D visualization interface, remote monitoring capabilities via WeChat mini-programs, and convenient voice control options, significantly enhancing system operability and user experience. The safety redundancy module, serving as the backbone of the entire system, ensures stable operation and data security through automatic master-slave controller switching, emergency notifications via the IP network broadcast system, and data backup using blockchain technology.

[0045] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system, characterized in that: It includes an environmental perception module, an edge computing module, a decision-making control module, an equipment execution module, an energy management module, a human-computer interaction module and a safety redundancy module. The environmental perception module is electrically connected to the edge computing module through the RS485 bus, the edge computing module is connected to the decision-making control module through the Modbus-TCP protocol, the decision-making control module is electrically connected to the equipment execution module through the CAN bus, and the equipment execution module feeds back signals to the edge computing module to form a closed-loop control. The safety redundancy module is connected to the environmental perception module, edge computing module, decision-making control module, equipment execution module, energy management module and human-computer interaction module through a heartbeat detection mechanism through electrical signals. The energy management module is respectively connected to the environmental perception module, edge computing module, decision-making control module, equipment execution module, human-computer interaction module and safety redundancy module through electrical signals. The environmental perception module is used to collect multi-dimensional environmental data of the farm in real time.

2. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental perception module includes a temperature monitoring unit, a gas analysis unit and a humidity and light monitoring unit. The temperature monitoring unit is specifically a PT1000 high-precision sensor, the gas analysis unit is specifically a NH3 / H2S / CO2 three-in-one sensor, and the humidity and light monitoring unit is specifically a capacitive humidity sensor and a light intensity sensor.

3. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The edge computing module includes a data filtering unit, a feature extraction unit and an adaptive modeling unit, and the data filtering unit has a built-in Kalman filtering algorithm.

4. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decision control module includes a multi-objective optimization unit, a priority arbitration unit and an execution strategy generation unit.

5. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The equipment execution module includes a ventilation group control unit, a temperature control unit and a disinfection unit.

6. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management module includes a photovoltaic energy storage unit, a power consumption monitoring unit and an equipment scheduling unit. The photovoltaic energy storage unit is specifically an MPPT solar controller, the power consumption monitoring unit is specifically a CT current sensor array, and the equipment scheduling unit is linked to the decision control module.

7. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human-computer interaction module includes a three-dimensional visualization unit, a mobile terminal interface unit and a voice control unit. The mobile terminal interface unit is directly connected to the safety redundancy module. The voice control unit is specifically a localized voice command recognition engine.

8. The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety redundancy module includes a dual-machine hot standby unit, an emergency broadcast unit and a data recovery unit. The emergency broadcast unit is specifically an IP network broadcast system.

9. A method for monitoring and automatically controlling the livestock breeding environment, characterized in that: The livestock breeding environment monitoring and automatic control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Multi-sensor data fusion collection: Comprehensive monitoring of the farm environment is achieved through the environmental perception module to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data; Step 2: Environmental simulation based on digital twins: Using digital twin technology to build a virtual model of the farm, driven by real-time data, simulate environmental change trends to provide a scientific basis for decision-making; Step 3: Collaborative control of equipment under multi-objective constraints: Under comprehensive consideration of multiple objective constraints such as energy consumption, animal comfort, and environmental safety, advanced algorithms and strategies are used to achieve intelligent collaborative control of ventilation, temperature control, disinfection, and other equipment to ensure a stable and optimized breeding environment. Step 4: Fault self-diagnosis and gradient recovery mechanism: The system has a built-in fault self-diagnosis module that can monitor the operating status of each module in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, it will immediately trigger an alarm and start the gradient recovery mechanism to ensure that the system returns to normal operation in the shortest time and guarantee the continuity and safety of breeding activities.

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