A barrel necking device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of forming equipment, in particular to a cylinder necking device and method, base, the base is equipped with first positioning groove; upper pressing part, can be opened and closed along the vertical direction relative to the base, it is equipped with the second positioning groove corresponding with first positioning groove; positioning block, is equipped on the base, the upper end of positioning block is equipped with the third positioning groove crossing with the extension direction of first positioning groove; a pair of end forming mechanism that can move towards, is equipped in base both ends respectively, the end forming mechanism includes the bottom plate and the necking die supported on the bottom plate; the cavity of necking die is equipped with the convex supporting block. The present application is simple and compact in structure, can be convenient for fast and accurate clamping, the necking position has higher precision through die control, can prevent the port material forming damage in the forming process, can realize the continuous production of higher efficiency, significantly improve the product qualification rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of forming equipment, and in particular to a barrel necking device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of automobile muffler manufacturing, the muffler barrel is a core component, and its manufacturing precision directly affects the muffler performance and the NVH performance of the whole vehicle. In the production and manufacturing of automobile mufflers, the muffler barrel is a core component, and the assembly quality of its end cover directly affects the muffler performance and sealing. In the existing technology, through single end molding or biting and other processes, the muffler barrel is cumbersome to clamp and difficult to mold. The molding precision of the end necking area is poor, and it is easy to be damaged or fluctuate randomly. Not only is the efficiency low, but the contact position between the barrel and the end cover cannot be controlled to the desired position, and a good and relatively uniform welding groove cannot be formed. During the welding process, welding leaks are prone to occur. It causes problems such as sealing failure and air leakage, and also changes the internal flow field distribution of the muffler, greatly reducing the muffler effect. In severe cases, the entire body needs to be reworked, which significantly increases production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a barrel necking device and method, which has a simple and compact structure, can be easily and accurately clamped, can perform necking operations on both ends of the barrel at the same time, the necking position is controlled with high precision by the mold, can prevent the port material from being damaged during the molding process, can achieve high-efficiency continuous production, and significantly improve the product qualification rate.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a barrel necking device comprising:

[0005] a base, wherein the base is provided with a first positioning groove;

[0006] The upper pressing member can be opened and closed in the vertical direction relative to the base, and is provided with a second positioning groove corresponding to the first positioning groove;

[0007] A positioning block is provided on the base, wherein the upper end of the positioning block is provided with a third positioning groove intersecting with the extending direction of the first positioning groove;

[0008] A pair of end forming mechanisms capable of moving toward each other are respectively provided at both ends of the base, the end forming mechanisms comprising a bottom plate and a necking die supported on the bottom plate;

[0009] A protruding support block is provided in the cavity of the shrinking die, and sliding blocks that can extend outwards through the side holes are slidably fitted in the side holes on both sides of the support block.

[0010] The positioning block is slidably fitted on the base, and an elastic reset element is provided between the positioning block and the base so that the positioning block has an upward reset tendency.

[0011] A matching hole is provided on the base, a guide column is slidably fitted in the matching hole, a limit block is provided at the lower end of the guide column, a reset spring is sleeved on the upper section of the guide column, the upper end of the guide column is connected to the positioning block, and both ends of the reset spring respectively abut the base and the positioning block.

[0012] The upper pressing member is installed with a downwardly extending lower pressing member, and a clearance groove is provided at the lower end of the lower pressing member. The side walls on both sides of the clearance groove are provided with abutment parts for abutting with the opening end of the positioning block, and the upper end of the positioning block is provided with a flared guide groove. The groove width of the clearance groove is greater than the groove width of the third positioning groove, wherein a first axial gap is provided between the first side wall of the clearance groove and the upper end of the third side wall of the third positioning groove, and a second axial gap is provided between the second side wall of the clearance groove and the upper end of the fourth side wall of the third positioning groove.

[0013] The giving way groove is a rectangular groove or a U-shaped groove, and the third positioning groove is a semicircular groove.

[0014] The inner hole of the support block is provided with an axially movable wedge block, and the side hole is provided on the side wall of the inner hole of the support block. The inwardly extending end of the slider slides with the guide boss on the wedge block through a sliding groove with a small mouth and a large bottom structure. The tail end of the wedge block is connected to the driving end of the linear drive mechanism, and the fixed end of the linear drive mechanism is connected to the base plate.

[0015] The support block is passed through the through hole of the necking die, and the support block is connected to the outer end of the necking die through a connecting plate.

[0016] The necking die comprises:

[0017] A long-axis forming portion is provided at the end portion in the long-axis direction and has a first forming surface, a second forming surface and a third forming surface arranged in sequence along the depth direction;

[0018] The short axis forming portion is provided at the end portion in the short axis direction and has a fourth forming surface and a fifth forming surface arranged in the depth direction, each forming surface extending in the perimeter direction of the cavity of the necking die;

[0019] in:

[0020] The first forming surface and the second forming surface extend in a centripetal convergence manner and form a first ridge at the junction;

[0021] The fourth forming surface extends in the depth direction and intersects with the fifth forming surface to form a second ridge;

[0022] In the depth direction, the apex depth of the first ridge is smaller than the apex depth of the second ridge.

[0023] The first molding surface and the second molding surface converge and extend in a manner of inclined surface convergence or arc surface convergence.

[0024] A barrel necking method, using any of the barrel necking devices, comprises the following steps:

[0025] s001. Open the upper pressing piece and place the cylinder on the first positioning groove of the base. Position the upper side tube of the cylinder through the third positioning groove on the positioning block to achieve axial positioning of the cylinder on the device.

[0026] s002. The cylinder is compressed by the upper compression member, and at the same time, the lower compression member presses the positioning block downward, causing the positioning block to move downward, forming a gap on both sides of the side tube, and the cylinder is clamped by the upper compression member;

[0027] s003. After clamping, the two end forming mechanisms move toward each other, the support block enters the cylinder, and the slider extends outward to support the cylinder;

[0028] s004. The forming mechanisms at both ends continue to move toward each other. The long axis forming part in the long axis direction of the necking die first forms the long axis of the cylinder. As the necking die advances, the short axis forming part in the short axis direction forms the short axis of the cylinder.

[0029] s005. When the third and fifth forming surfaces contact the cylinder and are upset, the slider retracts into the side hole, and the forming mechanisms at both ends move away from each other;

[0030] s006. Open the upper pressing piece, take out the cylinder, and complete the shrinking operation of the cylinder.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention has a simple and compact structure, can be easily and accurately clamped, can simultaneously perform necking operations on both ends of the muffler barrel, the necking part is controlled by the mold with high precision, can prevent the port material from being damaged during the molding process, can achieve high-efficiency continuous production, and significantly improve the product qualification rate.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0034] Figure 2 is a perspective schematic diagram of the second viewing angle of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mold closing state with the cylinder removed;

[0036] Figure 4 A top view of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4Middle BB cross-section;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Middle CC section view;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the guide column;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the necking die of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 10 This is the actual state diagram after the cylinder is shrunken;

[0043] Figure 11 This is the actual state diagram before the cylinder is shrunken.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, 100 is a base, 101 is a lower plate, 102 is a lower vertical plate, 103 is a hook, 110 is a first positioning groove, 111 is a guide column, 200 is an upper pressing member, 201 is an upper plate, 202 is an upper vertical plate, 203 is a V-shaped groove, 204 is a positioning piece, 210 is a second positioning groove, 211 is a lower pressing member, 212 is a clearance groove, 213 is a contact portion, 300 is a positioning block, 310 is a third positioning groove, 313 is an elastic reset element, 314 is a guide groove, 315 is a first side wall, 316 is a third side wall, 317 is a first gap, 318 is a second side wall, 319 is a fourth side wall, 320 is the second gap, 400 is the end forming mechanism, 410 is the bottom plate, 411 is the shrinking die, 412 is the support block, 413 is the side hole, 414 is the slider, 415 is the wedge block, 418 is the slide groove, 419 is the guide boss, 420 is the linear drive mechanism, 421 is the through hole, 422 is the connecting plate, 423 is the long axis forming part, 424 is the first forming surface, 425 is the second forming surface, 426 is the third forming surface, 427 is the short axis forming part, 428 is the fourth forming surface, 429 is the fifth forming surface, 430 is the first ridge, 431 is the second ridge, 500 is the cylinder, and 510 is the side tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as center, up, down, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, and outside are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting this application. In the description of this application, the terms first and second are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as first and second can be used to explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. It should be noted that in actual applications, due to the limitations of equipment accuracy or installation errors, absolute parallel or perpendicular effects are difficult to achieve. The description of vertical, parallel or same direction in this application is not an absolute limiting condition, but means that a vertical or parallel structural setting can be achieved within a preset error range and the corresponding preset effect can be achieved. In this way, the technical effect of the limited features can be maximized, and the corresponding technical solution can be easy to implement and has high feasibility.

[0048] In the description of this specification, reference to the terms one embodiment, some embodiments, examples, specific examples, or some examples means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without conflicting with each other.

[0049] See also Figures 1 to 11, a cylinder necking device, including a base 100, an upper pressing member 200, a positioning block 300 and a pair of end forming mechanisms 400 that can move toward each other, the base 100 is provided with a first positioning groove 110, the first positioning groove 110 is used to position the cylinder 500; the base 100 may include a lower flat plate 101, a plurality of lower vertical plates 102 are provided on the lower flat plate 101, and the lower vertical plates 102 are provided with a first positioning groove 110 for supporting and positioning the cylinder 500, the upper pressing member 200 can be opened and closed in the vertical direction relative to the base 100, and is provided with a second positioning groove 210 corresponding to the first positioning groove 110; wherein the second positioning groove 210 is used for positioning and fastening the upper end of the cylinder 500,

[0050] The upper pressing member 200 may include an upper flat plate 201 , on which a plurality of upper vertical plates 202 extending downward are provided, and on which a second positioning groove 210 is provided. This structure can save costs and reduce weight.

[0051] The upper pressing member 200 and the base 100 can be limited by a concave-convex matching structure, and a locking mechanism can be provided between the upper pressing member 200 and the base 100 for width direction position guidance and positioning. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of the upper pressing member 200 is a V-shaped block, and the upper end of the base 100 is provided with a V-shaped groove 203. The upper pressing member 200 is also provided with a downwardly extending positioning piece 204. The installation space of the base 100 is formed between the two downwardly extending positioning pieces 204. The upper pressing member 200 and the base 100 are limited in the length direction by the cooperation between the positioning piece 204 and the base 100. The base 100 is also provided with a locking hook 103. The hook 103 is rotatably provided on the base 100. The hook 103 is provided with an arc groove for connecting with the hanging pin on the upper pressing member 200 to achieve locking of the upper pressing member 200 and the base 100.

[0052] The positioning block 300 is provided on the base 100, and a third positioning groove 310 is provided on the upper end of the positioning block 300, which intersects with the extension direction of the first positioning groove 110. The positioning block 300 is used to position the side tube 510 on the cylinder 500. The side tube 510 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 500. By limiting the side tube 510, the cylinder 500 is limited. After the cylinder 500 is limited, the cylinder 500 can be clamped and other operations can be performed, so that the cylinder 500 has a higher position accuracy in the length direction, which is convenient for improving the molding accuracy.

[0053] A pair of end forming mechanisms 400 that can move toward each other are respectively arranged at both ends of the base 100. The end forming mechanism 400 includes a bottom plate 410 and a shrinking die 411 supported on the bottom plate 410. Through the opposite movement of the end forming mechanism 400, the shrinking dies 411 at both ends are driven to move toward each other, and then the end of the cylinder 500 is shrunken to form a locking edge, which is convenient for welding and connecting the end cover at the end of the cylinder 500 in the later stage.

[0054] The cavity of the necking die 411 is provided with a raised support block 412. Sliders 414 extending outward through the side holes 413 on either side of the support block 412 slidably engage with the side holes 413. The support blocks 412 provide support for the interior of the barrel 500, preventing the barrel 500 from becoming unstable or sinking during necking.

[0055] In some embodiments, the positioning block 300 is slidably engaged with the base 100, and an elastic reset element 313 is provided between the positioning block 300 and the base 100 to give the positioning block 300 an upward reset tendency. This structure enables floating support of the positioning block 300. Furthermore, a mating hole is provided on the base 100, in which the guide post 111 is slidably engaged. A limit block is provided at the lower end of the guide post 111, which may be a bolt for limiting the movement of the guide post 111. A reset spring is sleeved on the upper section of the guide post 111, which serves as the elastic reset element 313. The upper end of the guide post 111 is connected to the positioning block 300, and the two ends of the reset spring respectively abut the base 100 and the positioning block 300. Of course, a protrusion may also be provided on the base 100, and the mating hole is provided on the protrusion, so that the mating hole has a longer mating distance and better guiding stability.

[0056] Since there are errors in the barrel mouths formed at both ends of the barrel 500 after it is formed, as well as errors in the necking mold 411, it is impossible to ensure that the extrusion force is usually large during the forming process. The forming extrusion force exerted on both ends of the barrel 500 cannot always be kept equal in size and direction at all times and offset. There is a risk of movement of the barrel 500 in the length direction. If the side tube 510 on the outer wall of the barrel 500 also moves in the length direction with the barrel 500, it may cause the side tube 510 to be squeezed on the third positioning groove 310, and deform or even break. In some embodiments, the upper clamping member 200 is installed with a downwardly extending lower pressing member 211, and a clearance groove 212 is provided at the lower end of the lower pressing member 211. The side walls on both sides of the clearance groove 212 are provided with abutment portions 213 for abutting with the mouth end of the positioning block 300. The upper end of the positioning block 300 is provided with a flared guide groove 314 for guiding the workpiece to enter. The groove width of the clearance groove 212 is greater than the groove width of the third positioning groove 310, wherein a first axial gap 317 is provided between the first side wall 315 of the clearance groove 212 and the upper end of the third side wall 316 of the third positioning groove 310, and a second axial gap 320 is provided between the second side wall 318 of the clearance groove 212 and the upper end of the fourth side wall 319 of the third positioning groove 310 to adapt to the random situation where the molding pressure at both ends is unequal.

[0057] After the positioning block 300 completes the positioning work, the upper clamping piece 200 is fastened with the base 100, and the upper clamping piece 200 drives the lower clamping piece 211 downward during the downward movement. Through the downward movement of the lower clamping piece 211, the abutting parts 213 of the side walls on both sides of the give way groove 212 abut against the end of the positioning block 300, forcing the positioning block 300 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset element 313 and move downward. The width of the give way groove 212 is greater than the width of the third positioning groove 310. The give way groove 212 is clearance-matched with both sides of the side tube 510, which can leave a margin for axial movement of the cylinder 500, and balance the pressure of the two side end forming mechanisms 400 in the new position, preventing the lateral pipe fittings on the cylinder 500 from interfering with the positioning block 300 and the lower clamping piece 211, resulting in damage to the workpiece.

[0058] In the later stage of forming, especially the straight and smooth barrel 500, and the surface of the barrel 500 is still covered with the stretched lubricating oil during the forming process. When the barrel 500 is clamped, the frictional resistance in the axial direction is small. In the necking process stage, the end of the barrel 500 is easily stuck on the necking die 411 due to the slight rebound of the barrel 500 itself. When the two necking dies 411 are separated, the barrel 500 is easily stuck on one of the necking dies 411. The necking dies 411 at both ends need to be removed. By the interference between the relief groove 212 and the pipe, the barrel 500 can be removed from one of the necking dies 411, which assists in removing the material. Since the demolding force is much smaller than the extrusion force during forming, the interference force between the pipe and the relief groove 212 is small, which can realize demolding without damaging the pipe. At the same time, the demolding is also assisted by the friction force of the positioning groove on the upper pressing member 200 and the base 100. The demolding force caused by the pipe is small, which will not cause the pipe to be deformed. After the forming is completed, the lower pressing member 211 moves upward with the upper pressing member 200, the positioning block 300 moves upward, and the pipe moves to the positioning position, and then the pipe is demolded upward. In some embodiments, the relief groove 212 is a rectangular groove or a U-shaped groove.

[0059] In some embodiments, the support block 412 has an inner hole provided with an axially movable wedge block 415. The inner hole side wall of the support block 412 is provided with a side hole 413. The side hole 413 is matched with a sliding block 414. The inner extending end of the sliding block 414 is slidably matched with a guide boss 419 on the wedge block 415 through a sliding groove 418 with a small opening and a large bottom structure. The small opening and large bottom structure can adopt a T-shaped or dovetail-shaped structure, which can fix the sliding block 414 in the thickness direction. The tail end of the wedge block 415 is connected with the driving end of a linear driving mechanism 420. The fixed end of the linear driving mechanism 420 is connected with the bottom plate 410. The driving mechanism can be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod, which is used to drive the wedge block 415 to move. Through the axial feeding of the wedge block 415, the sliding block 414 is extruded and extended outward. The outwardly extended sliding block 414 supports the barrel 500 in the short axis direction. When the barrel 500 is edge-reduced, the sliding block 414 slides along the barrel 500 in the axial direction and continuously supports. After the edge reduction is completed, the wedge block 415 retreats, and the sliding block 414 is retracted to the center, which facilitates the extraction from the barrel 500.

[0060] Specifically, the support block 412 is arranged in the through hole 421 of the necking die 411. The support block 412 is connected with the outer end of the necking die 411 through the connecting plate 422. The connecting plate 422 can stabilize the relative position between the support block 412 and the connecting plate 422, and can move with the necking die 411.

[0061] In some embodiments, the existing muffler barrel 500 is generally a flat barrel 500, and the shrinking die 411 includes a long axis forming portion 423. In this embodiment, the long axis is the longest line segment that can be obtained by two points on the edge of the end of the barrel 500. The long axis forming portion 423 is provided at the end in the long axis direction and has a first forming surface 424, a second forming surface 425, and a third forming surface 426 arranged in sequence along the depth direction. The first forming surface 424, the second forming surface 425, and the third forming surface 426 are used to guide the centripetal contraction of the material in the long axis direction of the edge of the barrel 500. The third forming surface 426 upsets the barrel 500 material during molding to reduce springback.

[0062] The necking die 411 further includes a short-axis forming portion 427, wherein the rotation angle corresponding to the long-axis forming portion can be 30-35 degrees. The short-axis forming portion 427 is provided at the end in the short-axis direction and has a fourth forming surface 428 and a fifth forming surface 429 arranged in the depth direction. Each forming surface extends along the perimeter of the cavity of the necking die 411. The end of the cylinder 500 can be elliptical, and the cavity is a corresponding elliptical shape, wherein the long axis is the longest line segment that can be obtained by two points on the edge of the end of the cylinder 500. The short axis direction of the cylinder 500 can be formed through the fourth molding surface 428 and the fifth molding surface 429 on the short axis molding portion 427, wherein the fifth molding surface 429 can upset the cylinder 500 sheet to reduce rebound, wherein the first molding surface 424 and the second molding surface 425 extend in a centripetal convergence manner and form a first ridge 430 at the junction; the fourth molding surface 428 extends centripetally and in the depth direction, and intersects with the fifth molding surface 429 to form a second ridge 431.

[0063] In the depth direction, the apex depth of the first ridge 430 is less than the apex depth of the second ridge 431. With this structure, the end portion along the major axis can be formed first. During forming, the material segment along the major axis is formed first. Due to the greater curvature in the major axis, the clamping force during shrinking is greater. Forming first allows the end portion to be formed with a smaller clamping force, while the minor axis is not yet formed, allowing material flow and preventing wrinkling in the material along the major axis. During material flow, the slider 414 on the support block 412 can continuously support the inner wall of the barrel 500 along the minor axis, preventing indirect deformation of the minor axis due to continuous material during forming in the major axis. When the barrel 500 material is formed along the minor axis, the support provided by the slider 414 can minimize the shrinking of the material near the axially shorter region of the shrinking die 411, avoiding deformation in the axially longer region and reducing rebound after shrinking. The converging and extending method can adopt an inclined surface convergence or an arc surface convergence method to guide the barrel 500 material during shrinking.

[0064] The present invention also provides a barrel necking method, which uses the barrel necking device, comprising the following steps:

[0065] s001. Open the upper pressing member 200 and place the cylinder 500 on the first positioning groove 110 of the base 100. Position the upper side tube 510 of the cylinder 500 through the third positioning groove 310 on the positioning block 300 to achieve axial positioning of the cylinder 500 on the device, so as to control the relative clamping position of the cylinder 500 and make both ends contact and form at the same time as much as possible;

[0066] s002. The cylinder 500 is compressed by the upper compression member 200. At the same time, the lower compression member 211 presses the positioning block 300 downward, causing the positioning block 300 to move downward, forming a gap on both sides of the side tube 510. The cylinder 500 is clamped by the upper compression member 200.

[0067] s003. After clamping, the two end forming mechanisms 400 move toward each other, the support block 412 enters the cylinder 500, and the slider 414 extends outward to support the cylinder 500;

[0068] s004. The two end forming mechanisms 400 continue to move toward each other. The slider 414 is fed simultaneously with the base plate 410 in the supported state. The long axis forming portion 423 in the long axis direction of the necking die 411 first forms the long axis of the cylinder 500. As the necking die 411 is fed, the short axis forming portion 427 in the short axis direction forms the short axis of the cylinder 500.

[0069] s005. When the third forming surface 426 and the fifth forming surface 429 contact the cylinder 500 and are upset, the slider 414 retracts into the side hole 413, and the two end forming mechanisms 400 move away from each other;

[0070] s006. Open the upper pressing member 200, take out the cylinder 500, and complete the shrinking operation of the cylinder 500.

[0071] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It is apparent that various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to encompass such modifications and variations as long as they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A barrel necking device, characterized in that: include: A base (100), wherein the base (100) is provided with a first positioning groove (110); An upper pressing member (200) can be opened and closed in a vertical direction relative to the base (100), and is provided with a second positioning groove (210) corresponding to the first positioning groove; A positioning block (300) is provided on the base (100), wherein the upper end of the positioning block (300) is provided with a third positioning groove (310) intersecting with the extending direction of the first positioning groove (110); A pair of end forming mechanisms (400) capable of moving toward each other are respectively provided at both ends of the base (100), wherein the end forming mechanism (400) comprises a bottom plate (410) and a shrinking die (411) supported on the bottom plate (410); A raised support block (412) is provided in the cavity of the necking die (411), and sliders (414) are slidably fitted in the side holes (413) on both sides of the support block (412) and can extend outward through the side holes (413); the positioning block (300) is slidably fitted on the base (100), and an elastic reset element (313) is provided between the positioning block (300) and the base (100) so that the positioning block (300) has an upward reset tendency; The upper pressing member (200) is provided with a downwardly extending lower pressing member (211), and a clearance groove (212) is provided at the lower end of the lower pressing member (211), and side walls on both sides of the clearance groove (212) are provided with abutment portions (213) for abutting against the end of the positioning block (300), and the groove width of the clearance groove (212) is greater than the groove width of the third positioning groove (310), wherein a first axial gap (317) is provided between the first side wall (315) of the clearance groove and the upper end of the third side wall (316) of the third positioning groove, and a second axial gap (320) is provided between the second side wall (318) of the clearance groove (212) and the upper end of the fourth side wall (319) of the third positioning groove (310).

2. The barrel necking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A matching hole is provided on the base (100), and a guide column (111) is slidably fitted in the matching hole. A limit block is provided at the lower end of the guide column (111), and a reset spring is sleeved on the upper section of the guide column (111). The upper end of the guide column (111) is connected to the positioning block (300), and both ends of the reset spring respectively abut against the base (100) and the positioning block (300).

3. The barrel necking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expanded guide groove (314) is provided at the upper end of the positioning block (300).

4. The barrel necking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The giving way groove (212) is a rectangular groove or a U-shaped groove, and the third positioning groove (310) is a semicircular groove.

5. The barrel necking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the support block (412) is provided with an axially movable wedge block (415), and the side wall of the inner hole of the support block (412) is provided with a side hole (413). The inner extending end of the slider (414) slides with the guide boss (419) on the wedge block (415) through a sliding groove (418) with a small mouth and a large bottom structure. The tail end of the wedge block (415) is connected to the driving end of the linear drive mechanism (420), and the fixed end of the linear drive mechanism (420) is connected to the base plate (410).

6. The barrel necking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (412) is inserted into the through hole (421) of the necking die (411), and the support block (412) is connected to the outer end of the necking die (411) via a connecting plate (422).

7. The barrel necking device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The necking die (411) comprises: A long-axis forming portion (423) is provided at an end portion in the long-axis direction and has a first forming surface (424), a second forming surface (425), and a third forming surface (426) arranged in sequence along the depth direction; A short axis forming portion (427) is provided at the end portion in the short axis direction and has a fourth forming surface (428) and a fifth forming surface (429) arranged in the depth direction, each forming surface extending in the perimeter direction of the cavity of the necking die (411); in: The first molding surface (424) and the second molding surface (425) extend in a centripetal convergence manner and form a first ridge (430) at the junction; The fourth molding surface (428) extends centrifugally and in the depth direction, and intersects with the fifth molding surface (429) to form a second ridge (431); In the depth direction, the apex depth of the first ridge (430) is smaller than the apex depth of the second ridge (431).

8. The barrel necking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first molding surface (424) and the second molding surface (425) converge and extend in a manner of bevel convergence or arc convergence.

9. A barrel necking method, characterized in that: The barrel necking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: s001. Open the upper pressing member (200), place the cylinder (500) on the first positioning groove (110) of the base (100), and position the upper side tube (510) of the cylinder (500) through the third positioning groove (310) on the positioning block (300) to achieve axial positioning of the cylinder (500) on the device; s002. The cylinder (500) is compressed by the upper compression member (200), and at the same time, the lower compression member (211) presses the positioning block (300) downward, so that the positioning block (300) moves downward, forming a gap on both sides of the side tube (510), and the cylinder (500) is clamped by the upper compression member (200); s003. After clamping, the two end forming mechanisms (400) move toward each other, the support block (412) enters the cylinder (500), and the slider (414) extends outward to support the cylinder (500); s004, the two end forming mechanisms (400) continue to move toward each other, the long axis forming portion (423) in the long axis direction of the necking die (411) first forms the long axis of the cylinder (500), and as the necking die (411) advances, the short axis forming portion (427) in the short axis direction forms the short axis of the cylinder (500); s005. When the third forming surface (426) and the fifth forming surface (429) contact the cylinder (500) and are upset, the slider (414) retracts into the side hole (413), and the two end forming mechanisms (400) move away from each other; s006. Open the upper pressing member (200), take out the cylinder (500), and complete the shrinking operation of the cylinder (500).

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