Lightweight super-mechanical function unit and low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure

Abstract

The application discloses a light super-structure mechanical function unit and a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite super-structure. The function unit comprises a harmonic unit, a supporting unit and at least one exciting unit. The supporting unit is fixedly connected to the harmonic unit. The exciting unit comprises a cantilever and a counterweight. One end of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the supporting unit, and the counterweight is arranged at the other end of the cantilever to amplify the dynamic mass of the counterweight under the action of the cantilever. The counterweight and the wall surface of the harmonic unit have an over-adjusting gap. When the function unit is excited to resonate, the cantilever drives the counterweight to move, so that the counterweight enters the over-adjusting gap and intermittently rubs against the inner wall of the harmonic unit, thereby exciting the super-damping characteristic of the function unit and dissipating the energy of the function unit. The application is applied to the field of vibration and noise control and can significantly improve the low-frequency broadband vibration and noise suppression effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vibration and noise control technology, in particular to a lightweight super mechanics function unit and a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure, which can be applied to the vibration and noise control of modern transportation equipment (rail vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft, ships, cars, engineering loading / unloading vehicles), building venues / rooms (waiting halls, recording / studio halls, conference venues, multi-purpose classrooms, anechoic chambers), electronic equipment (air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, fresh air systems, computers, earphones, mobile phones, communication base stations, data centers), industrial fields (transformers, generator sets, fans, water pumps, natural gas units, pipeline systems, etc. in transformer substations, power plants, water storage and supply stations, natural gas plants and other places), roads and bridges (rails, sound barriers, bridges, tunnels), etc. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, modern transportation equipment represented by high-speed rail, aircraft and ships is developing towards high speed, heavy load, lightweight and intelligentization, and the vibration and noise problems caused by this development are becoming increasingly prominent. Mechanical structure vibration may cause surface damage and loosening, and may even lead to structural fatigue, fracture and even system failure. In addition, excessive vibration may radiate noise, reduce equipment ride comfort and cause environmental noise pollution. Therefore, effective vibration and noise reduction measures need to be taken to control vibration and noise.

[0003] For high-frequency vibration and noise control, ordinary damping materials can achieve good vibration and noise reduction effect due to the short wavelength and weak transmission ability of high-frequency vibration and noise. However, for low-frequency vibration and noise (100-1000Hz), traditional structures can only suppress low-frequency vibration and noise by increasing the mass and space size of the structure. However, the increase in mass and space size is contrary to the development concept of modern equipment and cannot meet the needs of actual engineering applications.

[0004] In recent years, the development of acoustic metamaterial / superstructure technology has brought new ways to equipment vibration and noise reduction design. Existing research shows that acoustic superstructures designed using acoustic metamaterial principles (such as local resonance type plate-shaped metamaterials and thin film type metamaterials) can locally break the mass and space size limitations at low frequencies. However, the control frequency band is relatively narrow, and the mass and size of the structure may increase when the structure is connected in series / parallel or complex supercell design. In addition, existing acoustic superstructures have the disadvantage of poor control effect at high frequencies. How to simultaneously achieve low-frequency broadband (low-frequency to high-frequency) vibration and noise suppression under the conditions of lightweight and small size while considering larger stiffness is a major problem in equipment vibration and noise control. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a lightweight super-structure mechanics functional unit and a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite super-structure, which can significantly improve the low-frequency broadband (low-frequency to high-frequency) vibration and noise suppression effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a lightweight super-structure mechanics functional unit, which comprises a harmonic unit, a support unit and at least one excitation unit, the support unit is fixedly connected to the harmonic unit;

[0007] The excitation unit comprises a cantilever and a counterweight, one end of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the support unit, and the counterweight is arranged at the other end of the cantilever to amplify the dynamic mass of the counterweight under the action of the cantilever;

[0008] The counterweight and the wall surface of the harmonic unit have an over-tuning gap, when the functional unit is excited to resonate, the cantilever drives the counterweight to move, so that the counterweight enters the over-tuning gap and intermittently rubs against the inner wall of the harmonic unit, thereby exciting the super-damping property of the functional unit and dissipating the energy of the functional unit.

[0009] In one embodiment, the gap size of the over-tuning gap when the functional unit is not excited to resonate is Lr, and the amplitude when the functional unit is excited to resonate is Ht, wherein 0.05xHt≤Lr≤1xHt, for example, the gap size of the over-tuning gap when the functional unit is not excited to resonate can be set to 0.7mm, 0.2mm or 1.03mm according to different conditions.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the excitation unit is more than two, each of the cantilevers is connected to the support unit in one or more than two annular arrays, or each of the cantilevers is connected to the support unit in a linear array or a rectangular array.

[0011] In one embodiment, the counterweights on each of the cantilevers are not connected to each other; or

[0012] The counterweights on part of the cantilevers are connected as a whole; or

[0013] The counterweights on all of the cantilevers are connected as a whole.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cantilever is a rectangular beam piece, a fan-shaped beam piece or a rod-shaped structure.

[0015] In one embodiment, a through hole is formed in the cantilever.

[0016] In one embodiment, the support unit is a cylinder, a rectangular beam, a C-shaped beam or an I-beam.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the counterweight and the cantilever, the cantilever and the support base, the support base and the reconciliation base are fixed by buckling, riveting, welding, gluing, screwing or bolt connection.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the reconciliation base is a cylindrical structure, a box structure, an arc plate structure, a folded plate structure or a flat plate structure.

[0019] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application also provides a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure, comprising a base and the above-mentioned lightweight superstructure mechanical function base, the base is a beam structure or a plate structure;

[0020] The lightweight superstructure mechanical function base is connected to the surface of the base, and the reconciliation base in the lightweight superstructure mechanical function base is integrally formed with the base or independent of each other; or

[0021] The lightweight superstructure mechanical function base is connected to the inside of the base, and the reconciliation base in the lightweight superstructure mechanical function base is integrally formed with the base or independent of each other.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. By setting the over-tuning gap between the counterweight and the wall of the reconciliation base, the gap size of the over-tuning gap can be set so that the function base does not contact the counterweight and the reconciliation base when it is not excited to resonate, and when the function base is excited to resonate, it will induce the counterweight to move violently, so that it can enter the over-tuning gap and intermittently rub against the inner wall of the reconciliation base, thereby exciting the non-linear enhancement of the damping of the function base, inducing the super-damping characteristic, realizing the mass amplification, dissipating the energy of the function base, and significantly improving the low-frequency broadband (low-frequency to high-frequency) vibration noise suppression effect;

[0024] 2. By setting the cantilever to connect the counterweight to the support base, the motion amplitude of the counterweight can be amplified under the action of the cantilever, thereby driving the counterweight to move violently, realizing the dynamic mass amplification of the counterweight and enhancing its suppression ability to low-frequency elastic waves;

[0025] 3. Based on the theory of acoustic superlattice, a subwavelength lightweight superstructure mechanical function base is innovatively constructed, the coupling effect of the elastic wavelength traveling wave characteristic in the base and the periodic local resonance cell, and the counterweight is set away from the support, the cantilever is opened and the thin layer is compressed, which effectively suppresses the propagation of low-frequency broadband vibration waves, realizes the super-low frequency band of lightweight and small size, improves the space utilization rate, reduces the weight, and reduces the negative effects of size effect;

[0026] 4. Through the ingenious configuration of the mediation element, the synergistic coupling effect and efficient protection of the excitation element are realized, and the anti-interference ability and environmental adaptability of the structure are improved; in addition, through the matching design of the functionally complete material, the all-metal configuration scheme of each component of the lightweight super-structure mechanical function element can be realized, further improving the overall stiffness, strength and environmental adaptability, and the structure exhibits extraordinary low-frequency broadband (from low frequency to medium-high frequency) vibration and noise suppression performance, and has high reliability, high anti-interference and high robustness;

[0027] 5. The structure of the present application is simple, can be modularly assembled, is convenient to use, and can realize the element scheme design of the same material system, is economical, has strong market competitiveness, is convenient for large-scale engineering popularization and application, and provides excellent vibration and noise reduction solutions for users;

[0028] The present application can be used for vibration and noise reduction control of modern transportation equipment and high-end precision equipment, can effectively suppress the vibration and noise problems caused by the equipment during operation, greatly improves the stability and reliability of the equipment operation, and protects the physical and mental health of the staff from the interference of machine vibration and noise problems. The present application realizes the design requirements of lightweight, high stiffness, strong anti-interference, good weather resistance, low-frequency broadband efficient vibration and noise reduction, and has a wide design space and application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the structures shown in these drawings without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lightweight super-structure mechanical function element in embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is an explosion schematic diagram of the lightweight super-structure mechanical function element in embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excitation element in embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein (a) is a first embodiment schematic diagram of the excitation element, (b) is a second embodiment schematic diagram of the excitation element, (c) is a third embodiment schematic diagram of the excitation element, and (d) is a fourth embodiment schematic diagram of the excitation element.

[0033] Figure 4Structure diagram of the cantilever in embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein: (a) is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the cantilever, (b) is a structure diagram of the second embodiment of the cantilever, (c) is a structure diagram of the third embodiment of the cantilever, (d) is a structure diagram of the fourth embodiment of the cantilever, (e) is a structure diagram of the fifth embodiment of the cantilever, (f) is a structure diagram of the sixth embodiment of the cantilever, (g) is a structure diagram of the seventh embodiment of the cantilever, (h) is a structure diagram of the eighth embodiment of the cantilever;

[0034] Figure 5 Distribution diagram of the counterweight in embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein: (a) is a distribution diagram of the first embodiment of the counterweight, (b) is a distribution diagram of the second embodiment of the counterweight, (c) is a distribution diagram of the third embodiment of the counterweight, (d) is a distribution diagram of the fourth embodiment of the counterweight, (e) is a distribution diagram of the fifth embodiment of the counterweight, (f) is a distribution diagram of the sixth embodiment of the counterweight;

[0035] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the support cell in embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein: (a) is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the support cell, (b) is a structure diagram of the second embodiment of the support cell, (c) is a structure diagram of the third embodiment of the support cell, (d) is a structure diagram of the fourth embodiment of the support cell, (e) is a structure diagram of the fifth embodiment of the support cell;

[0036] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the reconciliation cell in embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein: (a) is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the reconciliation cell, (b) is a structure diagram of the second embodiment of the reconciliation cell, (c) is a structure diagram of the third embodiment of the reconciliation cell;

[0037] Figure 8 Second embodiment structure diagram of the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 9 Third embodiment structure diagram of the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the base body in embodiment 2 of the present application, wherein: (a) is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the base body, (b) is a structure diagram of the second embodiment of the base body, (c) is a structure diagram of the third embodiment of the base body, (d) is a structure diagram of the fourth embodiment of the base body, (e) is a structure diagram of the fifth embodiment of the base body;

[0040] Figure 11 First embodiment structure diagram of the low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 12 The second embodiment structure diagram of the low-frequency broadband vibration reduction and noise reduction composite superstructure in the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 13 The third embodiment structure diagram of the low-frequency broadband vibration reduction and noise reduction composite superstructure in the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0043] Figure 14 The embodiment photo diagram of the low-frequency broadband vibration reduction and noise reduction composite superstructure in the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0044] Figure 15 The comparison diagram of the vibration reduction effect test results of the low-frequency broadband vibration reduction and noise reduction composite superstructure in the embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0045] The figure shows the harmonic unit 1, the support unit 2, the cantilever 3, the counterweight 4, the end cover 5, the base 6, and the lightweight superstructure mechanical function unit 7.

[0046] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] It should be noted that all the directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0049] In addition, the description of “first”, “second” and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by “first”, “second” can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of “multiple” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection, or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In addition, the technical solutions among various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person skilled in the art can realize it, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 The light super-structure mechanical functional unit disclosed in the present embodiment mainly comprises a harmonic unit 1, a support unit 2 and at least one excitation unit. The support unit 2 is fixedly connected to the harmonic unit 1, and the excitation unit comprises a cantilever 3 and a counterweight 4, one end of the cantilever 3 is fixedly connected to the support unit 2, and the counterweight 4 is arranged at the other end of the cantilever 3, so as to amplify the dynamic mass of the counterweight 4 under the action of the cantilever 3. Among them, the counterweight 4 and the wall surface of the harmonic unit 1 have an over-tuned gap, when the functional unit is not excited to resonate, the counterweight 4 and the wall surface of the harmonic unit 1 are gap-fitted; when the functional unit is excited to resonate, the cantilever 3 drives the counterweight 4 to move, so that the counterweight 4 enters the over-tuned gap and intermittently rubs the inner wall of the harmonic unit 1, thereby exciting the super-damping property of the functional unit and dissipating the energy of the functional unit.

[0054] In the present embodiment, when the functional unit is not excited to resonate, the gap size of the over-tuned gap is denoted as Lr, and the amplitude of the functional unit when resonating is denoted as Ht, 0.05×Ht≤Lr≤1×Ht. Among them, preferably, 0.2×Ht≤Lr≤0.9×Ht, so that when the functional unit is excited to resonate, the counterweight 4 can produce friction movement with the wall surface of the functional unit, excite the super-damping property of the structure, thereby dissipating the energy of the functional unit and significantly improving the low-frequency broadband (low-frequency to high-frequency) vibration noise suppression effect.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, at least one of the two contact surfaces between the fitting block and the tuning element 1 is rough, for example, a number of convex points, grooves or threaded projections are arranged on the contact surface of the fitting block and / or the tuning element 1, so as to enhance the excitation effect of the structural super-damping characteristics when the fitting block and the tuning element 1 generate frictional motion.

[0056] In the specific implementation process, when the excitation element is more than two, each cantilever 3 is connected to the support element 2 in one or more than two annular arrays, for example Figure 3 (a) shows that a plurality of cantilevers 3 are connected to the support element 2 in an annular array. Figure 3 (b) shows that each cantilever 3 is connected to the support element 2 in a linear array. Figure 3 (c) shows that each cantilever 3 is connected to the support element 2 in a rectangular array. Figure 3 (d) shows that a plurality of support elements 2 are arranged to support together when each cantilever 3 is arranged in a linear array or a rectangular array.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cantilever 3 is a rectangular beam piece, a fan-shaped beam piece or a rod-shaped structure. When the excitation element is more than two, each cantilever 3 can be integrally formed, separately arranged or fixed by a connecting piece, and a through hole can also be provided on the cantilever 3 to achieve the effect of weight reduction. For example Figure 4 (a) shows an embodiment structure in which a plurality of fan-shaped beam piece cantilevers 3 are integrally formed, Figure 4 (b) shows an embodiment structure in which a plurality of fan-shaped beam piece cantilevers 3 are integrally formed, Figure 4 (e) shows an embodiment structure in which a plurality of rectangular beam piece cantilevers 3 are integrally formed, Figure 4 (f) shows an embodiment structure in which a plurality of rectangular beam piece cantilevers 3 are integrally formed, Figure 4 (h) shows an embodiment structure in which a plurality of rectangular beam piece cantilevers 3 are integrally formed.

[0058] In the specific implementation process, the counterweight 4 on each cantilever 3 can be not connected to each other, or the counterweights 4 on part of the cantilevers 3 can be connected together, or the counterweights 4 on all the cantilevers 3 can be connected together. For example Figure 5 (a) shows an embodiment structure in which the counterweights 4 on each cantilever 3 are not connected to each other, Figure 5 (d) shows an embodiment structure in which the counterweights 4 on each cantilever 3 are not connected to each other, Figure 5 (e) shows an embodiment structure in which the counterweights 4 on each cantilever 3 are not connected to each other, Figure 5 (f) shows an embodiment structure in which the counterweights 4 on each cantilever 3 are not connected to each other.

[0059] In the specific implementation process, the support element 2 can be a cylinder, a rectangular beam, a C-shaped beam or an I-shaped beam. For example Figure 6 (a) shows a cylindrical support element 2, Figure 6 (b) shows a solid rectangular beam structure support element 2, Figure 6(c) shown is a hollow rectangular beam structure support cell 2, Figure 6 (d) shown is a support cell 2 of I-beam structure, Figure 6 (e) shown is a support cell 2 of C-beam structure.

[0060] In the specific implementation process, the harmonic cell 1 is a cylindrical structure, a box structure, an arc plate structure, or a folded plate structure or a flat plate structure, for example Figure 7 (a) shown is a cylindrical structure with end cap 5 harmonic cell 1, that is, the corresponding functional cell is as shown in Figure 1 ; Figure 7 (b) shown is a box structure harmonic cell 1, that is, the corresponding functional cell is as shown in Figure 8 ; Figure 7 (c) shown is a folded plate structure harmonic cell 1, that is, the corresponding functional cell is as shown in Figure 9 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the counterweight 4 and the cantilever 3, the cantilever 3 and the support cell 2, and the support cell 2 and the harmonic cell 1 are fixed by buckling, riveting, welding, gluing, screwing or bolt connection.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] On the basis of the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell in Example 1, this embodiment discloses a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure, which mainly includes a substrate 6 and at least two lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cells 7 of Example 1. Among them, the substrate 6 is a rectangular beam, an I-beam, a U-beam and other engineering beam structures, or the substrate 6 is a flat plate, a multi-layer composite plate, a reinforced plate, a corrugated plate, a honeycomb sandwich plate and other plate structures. For example Figure 10 (a), Figure 10 (b) shown is a beam structure substrate, Figure 10 (c) ~ Figure 10 (e) shown is a plate structure substrate.

[0064] In this embodiment, the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell 7 can be directly connected to the surface of the substrate 6, or the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell 7 can be arranged inside the substrate 6. For example Figure 11 shown is that a plurality of lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cells 7 are arranged in a straight line array on the I-beam structure substrate 6, Figure 12 shown is that a plurality of lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cells 7 are arranged in a rectangular array on the flat plate structure substrate 6, Figure 13 shown is that a plurality of lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cells 7 are arranged inside the plate structure substrate 6.

[0065] In the specific implementation process, the harmonic cell in the lightweight super-structure mechanical functional cell 7 can be integrally formed with the substrate 6, or it can be independent of each other.

[0066] The low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure is further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0067] In this example, the low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure is composed of 10 lightweight superstructure mechanical function units arranged periodically on a substrate. The substrate is a light beam made of aluminum alloy, with a length of 1000 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm. The arrangement lattice spacing is 95 mm. The cantilever of the lightweight superstructure mechanical function unit is a rectangular beam piece, and four circular holes are provided on the beam piece. The cantilever counterweight is a square block made of stainless steel. The support unit is a rectangular beam made of aluminum alloy. The tuning unit is a small flat plate structure, and the size of the super-tuning gap is 0.4 mm. A sample is made, and a low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure vibration reduction test is carried out. Figure 14 The sample is shown in the photo), and is compared with a conventional local resonance metamaterial noise reduction structure. The substrate, arrangement quantity and gap, and total weight of the two comparison samples are the same.

[0068] Figure 15 A comparison chart of the measured vibration reduction effect is given. According to the test results, in the low-frequency broadband range of 100 Hz-2000 Hz, the low-frequency broadband vibration and noise reduction composite superstructure of the present application exhibits extraordinary super-damping and dynamic mass amplification characteristics, and its vibration reduction performance is much better than that of the conventional local resonance metamaterial noise reduction structure (referred to as the comparison structure). The high-efficiency elastic wave suppression capability of the structure of the present application is verified (100 Hz-2000 Hz, the vibration transmissibility of the structure of the present application is 10 dB lower than that of the comparison structure on average, and at the maximum frequency, it is as low as 20 dB or more).

[0069] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made according to the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight super-mechanical functional unit, characterized in that, The function base comprises a harmonizing base, a supporting base and at least one exciting base, the supporting base is fixedly connected to the harmonizing base; The exciting base comprises a cantilever and a counterweight, one end of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the supporting base, and the counterweight is arranged at the other end of the cantilever to amplify the dynamic mass of the counterweight under the action of the cantilever; The harmonizing base is in a cylindrical structure, a box structure, a folded plate structure or a flat plate structure, the supporting base is a rectangular beam, a C-shaped beam or an I-shaped beam made of an aluminum alloy, and when the number of the exciting bases is two or more, the cantilevers are arranged in a straight line or a rectangular array and connected to the supporting base; The counterweight and the wall of the harmonizing base have an overshoot gap, when the function base is excited to resonate, the cantilever drives the counterweight to move, so that the counterweight enters the overshoot gap and intermittently rubs against the inner wall of the harmonizing base, thereby exciting the super-damping property of the function base and dissipating the energy of the function base; the gap size of the overshoot gap when the function base is not excited to resonate is Lr, and the amplitude of the function base when the function base is excited to resonate is Ht, wherein 0.2*Ht≤Lr≤0.9*Ht.

2. The lightweight super-mechanical functional unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweights on the cantilevers are not connected to each other; or The counterweights on part of the cantilevers are connected as a whole; or The counterweights on all the cantilevers are connected as a whole.

3. The lightweight super-mechanical functional unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cantilever is a rectangular beam piece, a fan-shaped beam piece or a rod structure.

4. The lightweight super-mechanical functional unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A through hole is arranged on the cantilever.

5. The lightweight super-mechanical functional unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The counterweight and the cantilever, the cantilever and the supporting base, and the supporting base and the harmonizing base are fixedly connected by buckling, riveting, welding, gluing, screwing or bolt connection.

6. A low frequency broadband vibration and noise damping composite superstructure characterized by, The function base comprises a base body and at least two light-weight super-structure mechanical function bases according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the base body is a beam structure or a plate structure; The light-weight super-structure mechanical function base is connected to the surface of the base body, and the harmonizing base in the light-weight super-structure mechanical function base is integrally formed with the base body or independent of the base body; or The light-weight super-structure mechanical function base is connected to the inside of the base body, and the harmonizing base in the light-weight super-structure mechanical function base is integrally formed with the base body or independent of the base body.

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