Spectrum frequency division solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on multifunctional nano-phase change slurry

Abstract

The application discloses a spectrum frequency solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on multifunctional nano-phase change slurry, which comprises a light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly, and the light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly is composed of a plurality of light-concentrating thermoelectric units; the light-concentrating thermoelectric unit comprises a unit frame, a linear Fresnel lens, a spectrum frequency heat collecting pipe, a lens array, a side reflector, a photovoltaic cell group and an electric brush; the linear Fresnel lens is clamped in the top opening of the unit frame; the spectrum frequency heat collecting pipe is arranged below the linear Fresnel lens and is used for circulating the nano-phase change slurry to realize spectrum frequency; each photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic cell group is connected in parallel with a bypass diode and then connected in series, and the photovoltaic cell group is connected with an accessory circuit through the electric brush to form a photovoltaic power generation loop; the nano-phase change slurry is a mixture of phase change material particles and water encapsulated by a nano-scale metal shell capsule. The application can realize high-efficiency combined heat and power, uniform photovoltaic cell temperature control and continuous utilization of solar thermal energy by using full spectrum of sunlight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar energy comprehensive utilization technology, specifically to a spectral frequency division concentrating solar photovoltaic and photothermal system based on multifunctional nano-phase change slurry. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy can be utilized in various forms, including photovoltaics, photothermal, photochemical, and passive building design. Photovoltaic power generation is the dominant form, accounting for 60-70% of global solar energy utilization. However, because the photovoltaic effect can only generate electricity using sunlight within a specific wavelength range, most solar energy outside its operating wavelength is converted into heat, increasing the operating temperature of photovoltaic cells. High operating temperatures not only reduce the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic cells (temperature coefficient is typically -0.3 to -0.5%), but also... o (C) It also contributes to component aging. This has a particularly significant impact on concentrated photovoltaics (CPVs) because they concentrate high-energy-density sunlight on small-area solar cells, resulting in greater temperature rise, efficiency loss, and the risk of thermal runaway. Appropriate optical or thermal management measures are needed for regulation.

[0003] Optical management of photovoltaic (PV) cells involves selectively absorbing, transmitting, or reflecting specific wavelengths of sunlight using optical methods to match the PV cell's efficient response band, thereby reducing thermodynamic losses and improving photoelectric efficiency. However, it's important to note that spectral frequency division cannot completely eliminate thermal losses and carrier recombination losses in PV cells; both are dissipated as heat, accounting for 30-50% and 15-30% of the energy loss within the PV cell's response band, respectively. Nanofluid spectral frequency division, as a highly efficient optical management technology, can not only achieve selective absorption of sunlight in different bands by selecting and combining different nanomaterials, particle morphologies, and carrier types, but it can also serve as a heat transfer medium to cool PV cells and collect heat, achieving thermal management of PV cells. However, when nanofluids are used as heat transfer mediums, they rely on sensible heat absorption for heat transfer, resulting in significant temperature rise along the heat transfer flow direction and poor temperature uniformity, which will cause electrical matching losses in PV cells or arrays in practical systems. Two Chinese patent applications with application numbers 201710249764.8 and 202011331954.2 disclose a concentrated spectral frequency division solar photovoltaic-thermal cogeneration system. Although it uses nanofluid for spectral frequency division, it is a sensible heat transfer fluid and cannot solve the problem of fluid heat collection temperature rise and poor temperature control uniformity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a spectrum frequency division concentrated solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on multifunctional nano-phase change slurry, which can effectively solve the problem of temperature uniformity of photovoltaic cells, improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules, realize continuous and efficient heat utilization, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency, service life and stability of the concentrated solar system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is:

[0006] A spectrum frequency division concentrated solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on multifunctional nano-phase change slurry, comprising a concentrated thermal power module, wherein the concentrated thermal power module is composed of a plurality of concentrated thermal power units;

[0007] The concentrated thermal power unit comprises a unit frame, a linear Fresnel lens, a spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe, a lens array, a side reflector, a photovoltaic cell group and a brush; the top of the unit frame is open; the linear Fresnel lens is clamped in the top opening of the unit frame for converging sunlight; the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe is arranged below the linear Fresnel lens for circulating nano-phase change slurry to realize spectrum frequency division; the lens array is tightly attached to the top of the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe and the bottom of the photovoltaic cell group for collimating the incident light of the photovoltaic cell group; the side reflector is clamped on both sides of the unit frame for reflecting the deviated concentrated light when the solar azimuth changes to the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe; each photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic cell group is connected in series after being connected in parallel with a bypass diode, and is connected to an auxiliary circuit through a brush to form a photovoltaic power generation loop, so that the problem of uneven light reception of the photovoltaic cell introduced by the reflected light can be solved by connecting the photovoltaic cell in parallel with the bypass diode to bypass the non-uniform photoelectric current, optimize the circuit structure and reduce the mismatch loss, thereby realizing efficient cogeneration of heat and electricity through thermal-electric decoupling and optical management;

[0008] The nano-phase change slurry adopts a mixture of phase change material particles and water encapsulated by a nano-scale metal shell, which has both phase change energy storage and flow characteristics, and serves as a medium for efficient heat transfer and latent heat transport. The nano-phase change slurry encapsulates phase change microcapsules by a nano-scale metal shell, which can enhance the transmittance of sunlight in the high-efficiency response band of the photovoltaic cell and the absorption rate of sunlight outside the response band through localized surface plasmon resonance and scattering, thereby realizing spectrum frequency division.

[0009] Therefore, the nanoparticles in the nanophase change fluid adopted by the application are metal microcapsule-coated phase change material microparticles, which can realize efficient spectral frequency division as nanofluids, selectively absorb sunlight outside the high-efficiency response band of photovoltaic cells for heat collection, and pass through the high-efficiency response band for photovoltaic power generation, realize high-efficiency cogeneration of heat and electricity through thermal-electric decoupling and optical management; at the same time, as a fluidized phase change slurry, it realizes efficient two-phase phase change heat transfer, effectively reduces the heat collection temperature rise, improves the photovoltaic cell temperature uniformity, and supports continuous heat energy utilization based on high-density heat storage. Ultimately, the comprehensive utilization efficiency, service life and stability of the concentrated solar energy system are improved.

[0010] Optionally, the flow channel of the spectral frequency division heat collection pipe is a narrow top trapezoid, and the side surface of the spectral frequency division heat collection pipe is silver-plated to form a reflecting surface and is coated with a heat insulation layer. The narrow top trapezoidal edge can minimize the backscattering loss, and the silver-plated side surface forms a very thin reflective layer (similar to the silver-plated layer on the back of a mirror), which reflects most of the scattered light back to the nanophase change fluid, thereby reducing / eliminating the light transmission and heat leakage loss. At the same time, the side surface is also coated with a heat insulation layer to reduce heat conduction loss.

[0011] Optionally, the unit frame fastens the linear Fresnel lens, the spectral frequency division heat collection pipe, the microlens array, the side mirror and the photovoltaic cell group to form an integrated structure. In this way, the entire concentrated solar thermal and electric unit structure is more compact, facilitating assembly.

[0012] Optionally, the photovoltaic cell is a concentrated silicon cell, and the brush connects the switching circuit and the bus circuit to form a photovoltaic circuit loop. In this way, the photovoltaic cells of different concentrated solar thermal and electric units are connected in parallel through the brush to form a photovoltaic array, realizing flexible connection of the circuit between the concentrated solar thermal and electric components during tracking of light, and improving the stability of the photovoltaic circuit loop.

[0013] Optionally, the spectral frequency division solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on the multifunctional nanophase change slurry further comprises an encapsulation frame to form a closed space isolated from the external environment; and a plurality of concentrated solar thermal and electric units are installed side by side in the encapsulation frame. In this way, the encapsulation frame forms a closed structure enclosing the concentrated solar thermal and electric components, reducing the influence of the external environment (such as dust accumulation, corrosion, external force, temperature fluctuation, etc.) on the concentrated solar thermal and electric components, reducing heat leakage loss, and improving the service life and stability of key optical, photovoltaic and mechanical elements.

[0014] Optionally, the encapsulation frame comprises a glass cover plate, an aluminum plate outer frame and a thermal insulation layer; the thermal insulation layer is installed on the inner side of the aluminum plate outer frame to balance high-temperature protection and thermal insulation effect; and the glass cover plate is super-white glass installed in the aluminum plate outer frame to reduce optical loss.

[0015] Optionally, the heat preservation layer is a composite heat preservation layer, which is made of multiple layers of heat preservation materials with different temperature resistance to ensure the heat preservation performance.

[0016] Optionally, the spectrum-splitting solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on the multifunctional nano-phase change slurry further comprises a light tracking mechanism, the light tracking mechanism comprises a plurality of gear pieces, the number of the gear pieces is the same as the number of the light concentrating and heat generating units, the gear pieces and the Fresnel lenses of the light concentrating and heat generating units are coaxially fixedly installed on the central axes, the gear pieces are engaged with a transmission rack, the transmission rack is driven by a motor, the motor is driven by a control signal of a controller, the input signal of the controller comes from a light sensor, and the light sensor is used for monitoring the change of sunlight.

[0017] Optionally, the nano-phase change slurry is composed of microcapsule phase change particles with a diameter of 10-50 nm and water, and has phase change energy storage and flow characteristics, and is used as a medium for efficient heat transfer and latent heat transport; the microcapsule phase change particles use silver as a shell material and hexacosane as a core material, and are prepared by a chemical reduction method, and the stability is improved and the risk of phase separation is reduced by adjusting the microcapsule density to be close to that of water through configuration of the core-shell ratio.

[0018] Optionally, the spectrum-splitting solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on the multifunctional nano-phase change slurry further comprises a heat storage and utilization pipeline assembly, the heat storage and utilization pipeline assembly comprises a distributor / concentrator, the distributor / concentrator is connected with the spectrum-splitting heat collecting pipes of the light concentrating and heat generating units to circulate the nano-phase change slurry, the distributor / concentrator is communicated to a phase change slurry heat storage tank, and the phase change slurry heat storage tank is used for storing the nano-phase change slurry.

[0019] Optionally, the phase change slurry heat storage tank is provided with the stirring paddle and the coil heat exchanger. In this way, the nano-phase change slurry is disturbed by the stirring paddle arranged in the phase change slurry heat storage tank, so that the risk of phase separation is reduced, the stability is improved, and the heat exchange coefficient between the nano-phase change slurry and the coil heat exchanger is improved.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The present application forms a closed structure surrounding the light-thermal power assembly through the packaging frame, reduces the influence of external environment (such as dust, corrosion, external force, temperature fluctuation, etc.) on the light-thermal power assembly, reduces the heat loss, and improves the life and stability of the key optical, photovoltaic and mechanical elements.

[0022] (2) The present application uses nanoscale microcapsule phase change slurry as a spectral frequency fluid. The spectral frequency fluid selectively transmits the solar radiation in the high-efficiency response wave band of the photovoltaic cell for power generation, and selectively absorbs the solar radiation outside the high-efficiency response wave band for heat production. The phase change heat absorption and two-phase flow heat transfer further absorb the heat of the photovoltaic cell, control the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell, and transport the absorbed heat to the phase change material storage tank through latent heat to be utilized. Thus, the solar energy full spectrum is fully utilized to realize cogeneration, solve the intermittency problem of solar thermal energy utilization, and improve the comprehensive energy efficiency of the solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system. In the nanoscale phase change slurry, metal is used as the nanoscale microcapsule shell material. The spectral frequency is realized through the plasmonic resonance and scattering effect of the small metal. The scattering improves the spatial distribution of light intensity and has the effect of light homogenization, thereby improving the life and stability of the photovoltaic cell. The nanoscale phase change slurry uses organic phase change material as the core material. The density of the organic phase change material is smaller, and the density of the metal is larger. The density of the microcapsule particles can be adjusted to be close to that of the carrier fluid by adjusting the core-shell ratio, thereby improving the phase separation stability. Different nanoscale phase change slurries or combinations thereof can be used to produce specific and complex spectral frequency effects to adapt to different photovoltaic cells.

[0023] (3) The present application further uses the side reflector to reflect the light rays deviated due to the change of the solar azimuth angle to the spectral frequency heat collecting pipe, thereby reducing the incident light loss caused by single-axis light tracking. The narrow top trapezoidal flow channel is used to minimize the backscattering loss at the narrow top edge of the trapezoidal. The side surface of the spectral frequency heat collecting pipe is coated with silver to form a reflective surface, and most of the scattered light is reflected back to the nanoscale phase change fluid to reduce the light transmission loss. The micro-lens array is used to collimate the transmitted light at the bottom of the spectral frequency heat collecting pipe, so that the light is vertically incident on the photovoltaic cell, thereby reducing the absorption efficiency loss caused by the light incidence angle. The above measures effectively reduce the optical loss of the light-thermal power assembly, and improve the utilization rate of sunlight.

[0024] (4) The present application connects the photovoltaic cell in parallel with a bypass diode. When the light is uneven, the photogenerated current of the photovoltaic cell under strong light irradiation is bypassed. The circuit structure is optimized, the circuit mismatch loss is reduced, and the electrical efficiency of the photovoltaic cell group is improved.

[0025] (5) The present application uses a micro brush to connect the photovoltaic cell groups of different light-thermal power assemblies in parallel to form a photovoltaic array. The flexible connection of the circuit between the light-thermal power assemblies is realized when the light is tracked, and the stability of the photovoltaic circuit is improved.

[0026] (6) The single-axis light tracking device adopted by the application has simple structure, and the inclination angle of each light-gathering thermoelectric assembly is accurately controlled through rack-gear transmission; and the gear is coaxially and fixedly installed with the central axis of the linear Fresnel lens, so that the space reserved for rotating the light-gathering thermoelectric assembly is minimized, and the utilization rate of sunlight is maximized;

[0027] (7) In the application, the stirring paddle is arranged in the phase change slurry heat storage tank, the nano phase change slurry is introduced into disturbance, so that the risk of phase separation is reduced, the stability is improved, and the heat exchange coefficient between the nano phase change slurry and the coil heat exchanger is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the spectrum frequency division concentrated solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system based on the multifunctional nano phase change slurry provided by the application;

[0029] Figure 2 is the installation schematic diagram of the light-gathering thermoelectric assembly in the packaging frame provided by the application;

[0030] Figure 3 is the light-gathering thermoelectric unit schematic diagram provided by the application;

[0031] Figure 4 is the front view schematic diagram of Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe;

[0033] Figure 6 is the nano phase change slurry and optical fiber transmission schematic diagram provided by the application;

[0034] Figure 7 is the solar radiation spectrum diagram on the right upper side in Figure 6 ;

[0035] Figure 8 is the spectrum frequency band of the solar radiation absorbed by the nano phase change slurry spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe in the right middle in Figure 6 ;

[0036] Figure 9 is the transmission spectrum frequency band of the solar radiation through the nano phase change slurry spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe in the right lower side in Figure 6 ;

[0037] Figure 10 is the light tracking mechanism schematic diagram provided by the application;

[0038] Figure 11 is the heat storage utilization pipeline schematic diagram provided by the application.

[0039] The signs in the drawings are as follows:

[0040] A-encapsulation frame; B-concentrating thermoelectric assembly; C-nanophase change slurry; D-light tracking mechanism; E-heat storage utilization pipeline; 1-glass cover plate; 2-thermal insulation layer; 3-aluminum plate outer frame; 4-linear Fresnel lens; 5-spectrum frequency collection tube; 6-microlens array; 7-side mirror; 8-photovoltaic cell group; 9-thermal insulation layer; 10-unit frame; 11-adaptor; 12-micro brush; 13-microcapsule phase change particles; 14-gear piece; 15-transmission rack; 16-motor; 17-sensor; 18-single-chip microcomputer; 19-branching device; 20-phase change slurry heat storage tank; 21-stirring paddle; 22-coil heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiment:

[0042] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0044] In addition, if these terms "first", "second" appear, these terms are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, if the term "a plurality of" appears, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0045] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, if there are terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and the like, these terms should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, if there are similar descriptions such as "first feature on" or "below" the second feature, it means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be the first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be the first feature directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0047] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are for illustrative purposes only and are not the only embodiment.

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the multifunctional nano-phase change paste-based spectral frequency division concentrated solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system provided by the embodiment includes a packaging frame A, a concentrated thermal power assembly B, a nano-phase change paste C, a light tracking mechanism D, and a heat storage utilization pipeline E.

[0049] As Figure 2As shown, the light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly B is composed of multiple light-concentrating thermoelectric units, which are compactly installed in parallel in the packaging frame A to avoid dust accumulation, corrosion and extreme weather effects. The packaging frame A is mainly composed of a glass cover plate 1, a thermal insulation layer 2 and an aluminum plate outer frame 3. The glass cover plate 1 is installed in the aluminum plate outer frame 3, and the thermal insulation layer 2 is installed on the inner side of the aluminum plate outer frame 3, so as to form a closed and insulated space to isolate the light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly B from the external environment. For example, the glass cover plate 1 uses super white glass to reduce optical loss; the thermal insulation layer 2 uses a thermal insulation material composed of asbestos and polyurethane foam, which is installed on the inner side of the aluminum plate outer frame 3 to achieve high temperature protection and insulation effect; one side of the packaging frame A perpendicular to the fluid flow direction in the light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly B has an opening for installing the light-in spectrum frequency separation nano phase change slurry inlet and outlet pipelines.

[0050] As shown in the figure, Figures 3-5 The light-concentrating thermoelectric assembly unit includes a linear Fresnel lens 4, a spectrum frequency separation heat collecting pipe 5, a microlens array 6, a side mirror 7, a photovoltaic cell group 8, an insulation layer 9, a unit frame 10, an adapter 11 and a micro brush 12. The linear Fresnel lens 4 is clamped by the unit frame 10 and used for converging sunlight; the spectrum frequency separation heat collecting pipe 5 has a narrow top trapezoidal flow channel structure, which reduces the backscattering loss by reducing the narrow trapezoidal top edge, and is coated with the insulation layer 9 on the side to reduce heat loss, and the outer side of the side is silver-plated to form a reflecting surface to reduce scattering and light loss; the bottom surface of the spectrum frequency separation heat collecting pipe 5 is in close contact with the microlens array 6; the frequency separation heat transfer medium in the flow channel is the nano phase change slurry C; the microlens array 6 is used for collimating the light passing through the spectrum frequency separation heat collecting pipe 5 to make it vertically incident on the photovoltaic cell group 8 to reduce the absorption efficiency loss caused by the light incident angle; the side mirror 7 is a nearly semicircular mirror with a truncated top, which is clamped by the unit frame 10 and used for reflecting the light rays deviated due to the change of solar azimuth angle to the spectrum frequency separation heat collecting pipe 5; the photovoltaic cells used in the photovoltaic cell group 8 are preferably concentrated silicon cells, and each photovoltaic cell is connected in parallel with a bypass diode to bypass current when the light is unevenly received and reduce circuit mismatch loss; the photovoltaic cell group 8 also uses the micro brush 12 to connect the adapter circuit and the bus circuit of the photovoltaic cells, wherein the adapter circuit is mounted on the semicircular bracket on the side of the unit frame 10 by insulating EVA glue, and the outer side is in close contact with the micro brush 12, thereby conducting the photovoltaic cell group 8 to form a photovoltaic circuit loop.

[0051] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The nano phase change slurry C is composed of microcapsule phase change particles 13 with a diameter of 10-50 nm and water, which has both phase change energy storage and flow characteristics and is used as a high-efficiency heat transfer and latent heat transport medium; the microcapsule phase change particles 13 use silver (Ag) as the shell material, hexacosane (C 26 H 54Using this as the core material and prepared via chemical reduction, the microcapsule density is adjusted to be close to that of water by configuring the core-shell ratio, thereby improving stability and reducing the risk of phase separation; for example... Figures 7-9 As shown, the nanoscale silver capsule shell in the nanophase change slurry C can enhance the transmittance of solar light in the high-efficiency response band of photovoltaic cells through local surface plasmon resonance and scattering, while absorbing solar light outside the response band.

[0052] like Figure 10 As shown, the light tracking mechanism D includes gears 14, a transmission rack 15, a motor 16, a sensor 17, and a microcontroller 18. The number of gears 14 is the same as the number of concentrating thermoelectric units. The gears 14 are coaxially fixed with the central axis of the linear Fresnel lens 4 of the concentrating thermoelectric unit and mesh with the transmission rack 15. The transmission rack 15 is driven by the motor 16, which is controlled by the microcontroller 18. The sensor 17 is a photoresistor. The microcontroller 18 receives the photoelectric signal input from the sensor 17, analyzes and calculates it, and then outputs a control signal to drive the motor 16. Thus, the angle of the concentrating thermoelectric component B can be adjusted by monitoring changes in sunlight through the photoresistor.

[0053] like Figure 11 As shown, the thermal storage pipeline E includes a manifold 19, a phase change slurry thermal storage tank 20, a stirring paddle 21, and a coil heat exchanger 22. The manifold 19 is connected to the spectral frequency division collector tube 5 of the concentrating thermoelectric component B to circulate the nano-phase change slurry C. The manifold 19 is connected to the phase change slurry thermal storage tank 20 through inlet and outlet pipes. The phase change slurry thermal storage tank 20 is used for temporary storage of the nano-phase change slurry C. The stirring paddle 21 can be turned on when necessary and heats the slurry to 50-55°C through the coil heat exchanger 22. o C provides hot water to meet user needs.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional nano-phase change paste-based spectral frequency division solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system, characterized in that, The application relates to a concentrated light heat and electricity assembly which comprises several groups of concentrated light heat and electricity units. The concentrated light heat and electricity unit comprises a unit frame, a linear Fresnel lens, a spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe, a lens array, a side mirror, a photovoltaic cell group and a brush; the top of the unit frame is open; the linear Fresnel lens is clamped in the top opening of the unit frame for converging sunlight; the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe is arranged below the linear Fresnel lens and is used for flowing a nano phase change slurry to realize spectrum frequency division; the lens array is tightly attached to the top of the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe and to the bottom of the photovoltaic cell group and is used for collimating incident light of the photovoltaic cell group; the side mirror is clamped on both sides of the unit frame and is used for reflecting the deviated concentrated light when the sun azimuth changes; each photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic cell group is connected in series after being connected in parallel with a bypass diode and is connected to an accessory circuit through the brush to form a photovoltaic power generation loop. The nano phase change slurry is a mixture of phase change material particles and water encapsulated in a nano-scale metal shell capsule.

2. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 1, wherein, The flow channel of the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe is a narrow top trapezoid, the side of the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe is silver-plated to form a reflecting surface and is covered with a heat insulation layer.

3. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 1, wherein, The unit frame fastens the linear Fresnel lens, the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipe, the microlens array, the side mirror and the photovoltaic cell group to form an integration.

4. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 1, wherein, The photovoltaic cell is a concentrated silicon cell which is connected to a switching circuit and a busbar circuit through the brush to form a photovoltaic circuit loop.

5. The multi-functional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The application further comprises a packaging frame to form a closed space which is isolated from the external environment; the several groups of concentrated light heat and electricity units are installed in the packaging frame.

6. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 5, wherein, The packaging frame comprises a glass cover plate, an aluminum plate outer frame and a heat preservation layer; the heat preservation layer is installed on the inner side of the aluminum plate outer frame; the glass cover plate is installed in the aluminum plate outer frame.

7. The multi-functional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic and photothermal system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The application further comprises a light tracking mechanism which comprises several gear pieces; the number of the gear pieces is the same as that of the concentrated light heat and electricity units; the gear pieces and the central axes of the Fresnel lenses of the concentrated light heat and electricity units are coaxially fixedly installed; the gear pieces are engaged with a transmission rack; the transmission rack is driven by a motor; the motor is driven by a control signal of a controller; the input signal of the controller comes from a light sensor which is used for monitoring the change of sunlight.

8. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 1, wherein, The application further comprises a heat storage utilization pipeline assembly which comprises a distributor / concentrator; the distributor / concentrator is connected with the spectrum frequency division heat collecting pipes of the concentrated light heat and electricity units to flow the nano phase change slurry; the distributor / concentrator is communicated to a phase change slurry heat storage tank; the phase change slurry heat storage tank is used for storing the nano phase change slurry.

9. The multifunctional nanophase change slurry based spectral frequency dividing solar photovoltaic photothermal system of claim 8, wherein, A stirring paddle and a coil heat exchanger are installed in the phase change slurry heat storage tank.

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