Millimeter wave transceiver and state monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a millimeter wave transceiver and a state monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave communication. Comprising a transceiver circuit, and the transceiver circuit is arranged on a transceiver structure. The transceiver circuit comprises an EMI circuit, a power supply system, a heat dissipation system, an up-conversion assembly, a local oscillator assembly, a down-conversion assembly, a one-to-four filtering power divider and a monitoring system. And the monitoring system is used for controlling the working states of each circuit, assembly, system and device, executing an intermediate frequency signal processing flow when receiving an intermediate frequency signal, and executing a millimeter wave signal processing flow when receiving a millimeter wave signal. The millimeter wave transceiver integrates various components, improves the integration level of the millimeter wave transceiver through a tiled layout mode and a modular design, improves the aesthetic property and safety of a product, and is extremely high in product integration level, small in size, light in weight, low in hardware cost, high in product reliability, short in later maintenance time and low in maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of millimeter wave communication technology, and in particular to a millimeter wave transceiver and a state monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of millimeter-wave communication technology, millimeter-wave transceivers, due to their low cost, have become essential equipment in millimeter-wave communications. Transceivers primarily receive and transmit millimeter-wave signals, then up- and down-convert the spectrum to an intermediate frequency (IF) for transmission to back-end digital terminals. Transceivers are crucial components in systems such as communications, radar, and electronic countermeasures. Demand for transceivers is rapidly increasing, along with requirements for high performance, multi-functionality, high reliability, and miniaturization.

[0003] Existing transceivers primarily focus on signal power amplification and signal reception technologies, with their applications concentrated in the mobile communications sector. They utilize power amplifier chips for signal power amplification and low-noise amplifier chips for signal reception, along with integrated power supplies and simple control circuits. These transceivers have certain drawbacks. First, they employ a high number of single-chip or single-function RF modules interconnected via cable assemblies. This low level of integration results in large size and weight, leading to a series of drawbacks including low reliability and poor maintainability. Second, these products suffer from a single function and weak monitoring capabilities, making them difficult to adapt to complex application environments such as satellite communications. They also suffer from poor environmental adaptability, making fault location difficult and repairs challenging. The resulting repair costs are extremely high, and the resulting losses from these failures are substantial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a millimeter wave transceiver and a state monitoring method.

[0005] The objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides: a millimeter wave transceiver, comprising a transceiver circuit, the transceiver circuit being arranged on a transceiver structure; the transceiver circuit comprising an EMI circuit, the EMI circuit being connected to a power supply system, the power supply system being connected to a monitoring system, a heat dissipation system, an up-conversion component, a local oscillator component, and a down-conversion component; the up-conversion component being connected to a power amplifier component, a local oscillator component, and a one-to-four filter power splitter; the power amplifier component being connected to a waveguide coupler; the waveguide coupler being connected to a first detector and a waveguide circulator; the first detector being connected to the monitoring system; the waveguide circulator being connected to the waveguide filter and the down-conversion component; the down-conversion component being connected to the local oscillator component and the one-to-four filter power splitter; the one-to-four filter power splitter being connected to a second detector and the local oscillator component; and the second detector being connected to the monitoring system; the monitoring system being configured to control the operating status of various circuits, components, systems, and devices, and executing an intermediate frequency signal processing flow when an intermediate frequency signal is received, and executing a millimeter wave signal processing flow when a millimeter wave signal is received.

[0006] Preferably, the intermediate frequency signal processing process includes the following steps: After the intermediate frequency signal and the reference clock signal enter the millimeter wave transceiver from the intermediate frequency connector, they are separated after passing through a one-to-four filter power divider; the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component to generate a local oscillator signal, and the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, which shifts the intermediate frequency signal to the millimeter wave frequency band to form a millimeter wave signal output, and then drives the power amplifier component for power amplification. The power signal passes through the waveguide coupler to complete the output power detection, and finally passes through the waveguide circulator and waveguide filter to realize signal transmission and harmonic suppression.

[0007] Preferably, the millimeter wave signal processing process includes the following steps: When the millimeter-wave signal enters the millimeter-wave transceiver from the RF waveguide, it passes through the waveguide filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the waveguide circulator to switch the signal to the receiving branch. The millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, which shifts the millimeter-wave signal to the intermediate frequency signal spectrum to form an intermediate frequency signal output. It is then filtered again by the one-to-four filtering power divider and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

[0008] Preferably, the up-conversion component includes a first filter, the first filter is connected to a first amplifier, the first amplifier is connected to a first mixer, the first mixer is connected to a second filter, the second filter is connected to a second amplifier, the second amplifier is connected to a second mixer, the second mixer is connected to a third filter, the third filter is connected to a linearizer, and the linearizer is connected to a driving amplifier; When the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, it first passes through the first filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the first amplifier for signal power amplification; then it enters the first mixer for the first spectrum shifting, and then passes through the second filter to filter out the spurious signals generated during mixing, and then enters the second amplifier for signal power amplification again; then it enters the second mixer for the second spectrum shifting, and then passes through the third filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing, and then passes through the linearizer to optimize the third-order intermodulation of the signal, and finally passes through the driver amplifier to form a millimeter wave signal sufficient to drive the power amplifier component.

[0009] Preferably, the down-conversion component includes a limiter, the limiter is connected to a low-noise amplifier, the low-noise amplifier is connected to a fourth filter, the fourth filter is connected to a third mixer, the third mixer is connected to a fifth filter, the fifth filter is connected to a third amplifier, the third amplifier is connected to a fourth mixer, the fourth mixer is connected to a sixth filter, and the sixth filter is connected to the fourth amplifier; When the millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, it first passes through a limiter to limit the amplitude of the received signal to protect the back-end low-noise amplifier; then it passes through the low-noise amplifier for signal amplification, and after passing through the fourth filter to filter out useless out-of-band signals, it enters the third mixer for the first spectrum shifting operation; then it passes through the fifth filter to filter out spurious signals generated during mixing, and then it is amplified again by the third amplifier, and then it enters the fourth mixer for the second spectrum shifting operation, and then it passes through the sixth filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing. Finally, it passes through the fourth amplifier to amplify the intermediate frequency signal and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

[0010] Preferably, the power amplifier assembly includes a first waveguide power splitter, the first waveguide power splitter is connected to a multi-channel power amplifier module, and the power amplifier module is connected to a second waveguide power splitter; When the signal output by the up-conversion component enters the power amplifier component, the first waveguide power splitter divides the signal equally to form multiple signals of equal amplitude and phase, which are then transmitted to each power amplifier module respectively. After the power amplifier module amplifies the signal, the second waveguide power splitter synthesizes the signal and adds the output power of multiple power amplifier modules to achieve signal power synthesis.

[0011] Preferably, the local oscillator assembly includes a fifth amplifier, the fifth amplifier is connected to a step diode, the step diode is connected to a first power divider, the first power divider is connected to a seventh filter and an eighth filter; the seventh filter is connected to a sixth amplifier, the sixth amplifier is connected to an n-frequency multiplier, the n-frequency multiplier is connected to a ninth filter, the ninth filter is connected to the seventh amplifier; the eighth filter is connected to an eighth amplifier, the eighth amplifier is connected to a second power divider, the second power divider is connected to two phase-locked loop circuits, the phase-locked loop circuits are connected to a switch, the switch is connected to a tenth filter, and the tenth filter is connected to the ninth amplifier; When the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component, it first passes through the fifth amplifier for power amplification, and then drives the step diode to form a comb spectrum. The first power divider divides the comb spectrum into two signals. The first signal passes through the seventh filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the sixth amplifier for power amplification, enters the n-frequency multiplier for frequency multiplication to obtain the required frequency, and finally passes through the ninth filter and the seventh amplifier to form the first local oscillator signal; the second signal passes through the eighth filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the eighth amplifier for power amplification, and is divided into two paths through the second power divider, respectively entering the two phase-locked loop circuits. The monitoring system controls the two phase-locked loop circuits to generate different frequencies at different times, and then selects one of the frequency outputs through the switch, and finally passes through the tenth filter and the ninth amplifier to form the second local oscillator signal.

[0012] Preferably, the phase-locked loop circuit includes a phase-locked loop, the input end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the second power divider, the output end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the input end of the loop filter; the output end of the loop filter is connected to the input end of the voltage-controlled oscillator; and the output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a switch.

[0013] Preferably, the transceiver structure includes a cavity, one side of the cavity is provided with a power connector, a radio frequency connector, a network port connector and an air inlet cover, the other side of the cavity is provided with a waveguide port, one side of the cavity is provided with a cover, the other side of the cavity is provided with an air-cooling structure, the interior of the cavity is provided with an AC-DC power supply structure, a down-conversion component structure, a local oscillator component structure, an up-conversion component structure, a waveguide circulator structure, a waveguide filter structure, a monitoring system board, a waveguide-coaxial converter, a waveguide power divider structure, a waveguide coupler structure, a power amplifier component control power adapter board, a detector structure and a power amplifier module structure; the air-cooling structure includes a fan and heat dissipation teeth; and a waveguide sealing structure is provided at the waveguide port.

[0014] Preferably, the waveguide sealing structure includes a first waveguide port and a second waveguide port, a waveguide sealing window is arranged between the first waveguide port and the second waveguide port; a waveguide sealing window mounting groove is arranged on the side of the first waveguide port close to the waveguide sealing window; a first sealing ring mounting groove and a third sealing ring mounting groove are arranged on the side of the second waveguide port close to the waveguide sealing window; a second sealing ring mounting groove is arranged on the side of the waveguide sealing window close to the first waveguide port; when assembled and installed, the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are correspondingly installed in the first sealing ring mounting groove, the second sealing ring mounting groove and the third sealing ring mounting groove to form a three-layer sealing structure.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides: a method for monitoring the status of a millimeter wave transceiver, used for any of the above-mentioned millimeter wave transceivers, comprising the following steps: Execute at least one of the power supply voltage and current monitoring process, the temperature parameter monitoring process, the output power monitoring process, the input power monitoring process, and the local oscillator lock monitoring process, and provide real-time feedback of operating data. If any process fails, the faulty hardware will be automatically cut off and a fault code will be reported, thereby monitoring the working status.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) The local oscillator component uses a combination of step diodes and dual phase-locked loops to optimize the product's phase noise, reduce the frequency switching lock time, and solve the problems existing in such products at a low cost.

[0017] 2) The up- and down-conversion components, power amplifier components, local oscillator components, etc. are integrated. The integration of the millimeter wave transceiver is improved through a tiled layout and modular design. The fan is sealed in the product air duct, which improves the aesthetics and safety of the product. The product has a very high degree of integration, a compact size, light weight, low hardware cost, high product reliability, short post-maintenance time, and low maintenance cost.

[0018] 3) The waveguide sealing window structure can isolate the external environment from the internal waveguide components, protect the internal components from environmental influences, and improve the stability and reliability of the product. This sealing window has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, easy installation and high reliability.

[0019] 4) The status monitoring method provides functional monitoring of voltage and current, temperature parameters, output power, input excitation, local oscillator lock, etc. The entire monitoring method is simple and practical, with extremely high reliability, high safety factor, and strong system protection capability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the principle block diagram of the transceiver circuit; Figure 2 This is the structural outline of the transceiver; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of air cooling structure; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal layout of the cavity; Figure 5 This is the left exploded view of the waveguide sealing structure; Figure 6 This is the right exploded view of the waveguide sealing structure; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing effect of the waveguide sealing structure; Figure 8 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the status of a millimeter wave transceiver; In the figure, 101 is the power connector; 102 is the RF connector; 103 is the network port connector; 104 is the air inlet cover; 105 is the cavity; 106 is the cover; 107 is the heat dissipation gear; 108 is the fan; 109 is the waveguide port; 201 is the AC-DC power supply structure; 202 is the down-conversion component structure; 203 is the local oscillator component structure; 204 is the up-conversion component structure; 205 is the waveguide circulator structure; 206 is the waveguide filter structure; 207 is the monitoring system System board; 208 is the waveguide-coaxial converter structure; 209 is the waveguide power divider structure; 210 is the waveguide coupler structure; 211 is the power amplifier component control power adapter board; 212 is the detector structure; 213 is the power amplifier module structure; 301 is the first waveguide port; 302 is the waveguide sealing window; 303 is the second waveguide port; 304 is the third sealing ring mounting groove; 305 is the first sealing ring mounting groove; 306 is the second sealing ring mounting groove; 307 is the waveguide sealing window mounting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See Figures 1-8According to a first aspect of the present invention, a millimeter wave transceiver is provided, comprising a transceiver circuit, the transceiver circuit being arranged on a transceiver structure; the transceiver circuit comprising an EMI circuit, the EMI circuit being connected to a power supply system, the power supply system being connected to a monitoring system, a heat dissipation system, an up-conversion component, a local oscillator component, and a down-conversion component; the up-conversion component being connected to a power amplifier component, a local oscillator component, and a one-to-four filter power splitter; the power amplifier component being connected to a waveguide coupler; the waveguide coupler being connected to a first detector and a waveguide circulator; the first detector being connected to the monitoring system; the waveguide circulator being connected to the waveguide filter and the down-conversion component; the down-conversion component being connected to the local oscillator component and the one-to-four filter power splitter; the one-to-four filter power splitter being connected to a second detector and the local oscillator component; and the second detector being connected to the monitoring system; the monitoring system being configured to control the operating status of various circuits, components, systems, and devices, and executing an intermediate frequency signal processing process when an intermediate frequency signal is received, and executing a millimeter wave signal processing process when a millimeter wave signal is received.

[0023] In this embodiment, the present invention improves the integration of the system under the premise of lightweight and miniaturization. This transceiver integrates power amplification function, up-conversion function, down-conversion function, and fast frequency hopping function. This architecture structure has a compact layout, and the whole machine adopts a highly integrated modular design concept. The product is small in size, highly reliable, and easy to maintain. Figure 1 In this system, IF stands for intermediate frequency; RF stands for radio frequency; LO stands for local oscillator; LNA stands for low noise amplifier; DA stands for driver amplifier; and PA stands for power amplifier. The heat dissipation system uses air cooling, while the power supply system provides the required power supply voltage for the entire system. The monitoring system is the core controller of the entire system, responsible for communicating with the main control device and controlling the operating status of each module. It also monitors the status of each module and automatically protects each module in the event of an abnormality. The EMI circuit isolates the system from the outside world, preventing external interference with the normal operation of the product and the product from interfering with the normal operation of external equipment. The air cooling system dissipates the heat generated by the product through air flow. Both the upconversion and downconversion components are secondary frequency converters.

[0024] In some embodiments, the intermediate frequency signal processing process includes the following steps: After the intermediate frequency signal and the reference clock signal enter the millimeter wave transceiver from the intermediate frequency connector, they are separated after passing through a one-to-four filter power divider; the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component to generate a local oscillator signal, and the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, which shifts the intermediate frequency signal to the millimeter wave frequency band to form a millimeter wave signal output, and then drives the power amplifier component for power amplification. The power signal passes through the waveguide coupler to complete the output power detection, and finally passes through the waveguide circulator and waveguide filter to realize signal transmission and harmonic suppression.

[0025] In some embodiments, the millimeter wave signal processing process includes the following steps: When the millimeter-wave signal enters the millimeter-wave transceiver from the RF waveguide, it passes through the waveguide filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the waveguide circulator to switch the signal to the receiving branch. The millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, which shifts the millimeter-wave signal to the intermediate frequency signal spectrum to form an intermediate frequency signal output. It is then filtered again by the one-to-four filtering power divider and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

[0026] In some embodiments, the up-conversion component includes a first filter, the first filter is connected to a first amplifier, the first amplifier is connected to a first mixer, the first mixer is connected to a second filter, the second filter is connected to a second amplifier, the second amplifier is connected to a second mixer, the second mixer is connected to a third filter, the third filter is connected to a linearizer, and the linearizer is connected to a driver amplifier; When the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, it first passes through the first filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the first amplifier for signal power amplification; then it enters the first mixer for the first spectrum shifting, and then passes through the second filter to filter out the spurious signals generated during mixing, and then enters the second amplifier for signal power amplification again; then it enters the second mixer for the second spectrum shifting, and then passes through the third filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing, and then passes through the linearizer to optimize the third-order intermodulation of the signal, and finally passes through the driver amplifier to form a millimeter wave signal sufficient to drive the power amplifier component.

[0027] In some embodiments, the down-conversion component includes a limiter, the limiter is connected to a low-noise amplifier, the low-noise amplifier is connected to a fourth filter, the fourth filter is connected to a third mixer, the third mixer is connected to a fifth filter, the fifth filter is connected to a third amplifier, the third amplifier is connected to a fourth mixer, the fourth mixer is connected to a sixth filter, and the sixth filter is connected to the fourth amplifier; When the millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, it first passes through a limiter to limit the amplitude of the received signal to protect the back-end low-noise amplifier; then it passes through the low-noise amplifier for signal amplification, and after passing through the fourth filter to filter out useless out-of-band signals, it enters the third mixer for the first spectrum shifting operation; then it passes through the fifth filter to filter out spurious signals generated during mixing, and then it is amplified again by the third amplifier, and then it enters the fourth mixer for the second spectrum shifting operation, and then it passes through the sixth filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing. Finally, it passes through the fourth amplifier to amplify the intermediate frequency signal and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

[0028] In some embodiments, the power amplifier assembly includes a first waveguide power splitter, the first waveguide power splitter is connected to a multi-channel power amplifier module, and the power amplifier module is connected to a second waveguide power splitter; When the signal output by the up-conversion component enters the power amplifier component, the first waveguide power splitter divides the signal equally to form multiple signals of equal amplitude and phase, which are then transmitted to each power amplifier module respectively. After the power amplifier module amplifies the signal, the second waveguide power splitter synthesizes the signal and adds the output power of multiple power amplifier modules to achieve signal power synthesis.

[0029] In some embodiments, the local oscillator assembly includes a fifth amplifier, the fifth amplifier is connected to a step diode, the step diode is connected to a first power divider, the first power divider is connected to a seventh filter and an eighth filter; the seventh filter is connected to a sixth amplifier, the sixth amplifier is connected to an n-frequency multiplier, the n-frequency multiplier is connected to a ninth filter, the ninth filter is connected to the seventh amplifier; the eighth filter is connected to an eighth amplifier, the eighth amplifier is connected to a second power divider, the second power divider is connected to two phase-locked loop circuits, the phase-locked loop circuits are connected to a switch, the switch is connected to a tenth filter, and the tenth filter is connected to the ninth amplifier; When the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component, it first passes through the fifth amplifier for power amplification, and then drives the step diode to form a comb spectrum. The first power divider divides the comb spectrum into two signals. The first signal passes through the seventh filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the sixth amplifier for power amplification, enters the n-frequency multiplier for frequency multiplication to obtain the required frequency, and finally passes through the ninth filter and the seventh amplifier to form the first local oscillator signal; the second signal passes through the eighth filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the eighth amplifier for power amplification, and is divided into two paths through the second power divider, respectively entering the two phase-locked loop circuits. The monitoring system controls the two phase-locked loop circuits to generate different frequencies at different times, and then selects one of the frequency outputs through the switch, and finally passes through the tenth filter and the ninth amplifier to form the second local oscillator signal.

[0030] In this embodiment, the local oscillator assembly outputs two local oscillator signals during operation: the first is a fixed frequency, and the second is generated by a phase-locked loop circuit. The monitoring system generates frequencies based on the product's desired frequency. Using two phase-locked loop circuits, frequencies can be generated alternately at different times. Switching the local oscillator frequency outputs achieves fast frequency switching. The local oscillator assembly uses step diodes to form a comb spectrum. Using the spectrum components for frequency multiplication and as reference signals for the phase-locked loop circuit significantly reduces the degradation of system phase noise. This architecture improves frequency switching time and reduces phase noise, while also significantly reducing costs.

[0031] In some embodiments, the phase-locked loop circuit includes a phase-locked loop, the input end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the second power divider, the output end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the input end of the loop filter; the output end of the loop filter is connected to the input end of the voltage-controlled oscillator; and the output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a switch.

[0032] In some embodiments, the transceiver structure includes a cavity 105, one side of the cavity 105 is provided with a power connector 101, a radio frequency connector 102, a network port connector 103 and an air inlet cover 104, the other side of the cavity 105 is provided with a waveguide port 109, one side of the cavity is provided with a cover 106, and the other side of the cavity 105 is provided with an air-cooling structure, the interior of the cavity is provided with an AC-DC power supply structure 201, a down-conversion component structure 202, a local oscillator component structure 203, an up-conversion component structure 204, a waveguide circulator structure 205, a waveguide filter structure 206, a monitoring system board 207, a waveguide-coaxial converter 208, a waveguide power splitter structure 209, a waveguide coupler structure 210, a power amplifier component control power adapter board 211, a detector structure 212 and a power amplifier module structure 213; the air-cooling structure includes a fan 108 and a heat dissipation tooth 107; and a waveguide sealing structure is provided at the waveguide port 109.

[0033] In this embodiment, the power connector 101 and the network port connector 103 are both circular. The whole machine adopts a highly integrated modular design concept. The modules are evenly arranged in the cavity 105. The air-cooling structure is composed of a high-reliability fan 108 and heat dissipation teeth 107. The air-cooling structure will be arranged on the other side of the cavity 105, and the air-cooling structure has a cover to seal it in the product, which not only forms an effective air duct to improve the heat dissipation capacity, but also avoids the fan blades from causing safety hazards to the user; the fan 108 is designed as a whole with the air inlet cover 104. When repairing, you only need to remove the air inlet cover 104 to replace it as a whole, which is quick and convenient to repair. This transceiver architecture improves the maintainability and safety of the product. Modular replacement during repair reduces the repair cost and improves the repair efficiency.

[0034] The modules in the transceiver cavity 105 are closely arranged. The monitoring system board 207 is arranged at the entrance of the circular network port connector. The monitoring system board 207 is composed of FPGA, storage chip, control conversion chip, network port, etc. The AC-DC power supply structure containing EMI circuit is arranged at the entrance of the circular power connector. The power supply structure provides power to the monitoring system through a power cable with a shielded sleeve. The monitoring system is interconnected with each module through a control cable with a shielded sleeve and provides system control instructions; the power amplifier module structure 213, The frequency conversion assembly structure 204, local oscillator assembly structure 203, down-conversion assembly structure 202, waveguide circulator structure 205, waveguide filter structure 206, and the like are fastened to the cavity with screws. An indium silver sheet is laid on the contact surface between the bottom of the cavity 105 and the power amplifier module structure 213 to improve thermal conductivity. The waveguide power splitter structure 209 is then fastened to the power amplifier module structure 213 with screws. Finally, the waveguide circulator structure 205, waveguide filter structure 206, and waveguide coupler structure 210 are fastened to the cavity 105 in sequence. This improved module integration and the close arrangement of the modules enhances system integration. The rational flat layout avoids the traditional stacked layout, shortening maintenance time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0035] In some embodiments, the waveguide sealing structure includes a first waveguide port 301 and a second waveguide port 303, and a waveguide sealing window 302 is arranged between the first waveguide port 301 and the second waveguide port 303; a waveguide sealing window mounting groove 307 is arranged on the side of the first waveguide port 301 close to the waveguide sealing window 302; a first sealing ring mounting groove 305 and a third sealing ring mounting groove 304 are arranged on the side of the second waveguide port 303 close to the waveguide sealing window 302; a second sealing ring mounting groove 306 is arranged on the side of the waveguide sealing window 302 close to the first waveguide port 301; when assembled and installed, the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are correspondingly installed in the first sealing ring mounting groove 305, the second sealing ring mounting groove 306 and the third sealing ring mounting groove 304 to form a three-layer sealing structure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the millimeter-wave transceiver is interconnected with the antenna via a waveguide port. A waveguide is a hollow metal tube. When the waveguide port is exposed, liquids or impurities can enter the product directly through the port. Accumulation of liquids or impurities in the waveguide can affect signal transmission, thereby affecting product performance and even damaging the waveguide filter and waveguide circulator, rendering the product useless. To address this issue, a novel waveguide sealing structure is employed in this transceiver. A waveguide sealing window 302 is added at the waveguide interconnection interface to seal and isolate the waveguide port from internal waveguide components. The second waveguide port 303 is provided with a third sealing ring mounting groove 304 and a first sealing ring mounting groove 305, the waveguide sealing window 302 is provided with a second sealing ring mounting groove 306, and the first waveguide port 301 is provided with a waveguide sealing window mounting groove 307. When the first waveguide port 301 and the second waveguide port 303 are assembled and installed using screws, the waveguide sealing window 302 and the sealing ring are embedded in the waveguide interface to form a three-layer seal. The first layer of seal is the first sealing ring in the first sealing ring mounting groove 306, which can ensure the sealing of the waveguide port during interconnection; the second layer of seal is the second sealing ring in the second sealing ring mounting groove 306, which can ensure the sealing isolation of the external waveguide port and the internal waveguide component; the third layer of seal is the third sealing ring in the third sealing ring mounting groove 304, which can be further sealed to ensure the sealing effect of the product even after the first and second layers of seal fail. The core of this sealing structure is the waveguide sealing window 302. This design utilizes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a material that is not limited to this material. PTFE exhibits low dielectric constant and dielectric loss across a wide frequency range, excellent plasticity and ductility, superior temperature characteristics, and high power tolerance. This waveguide sealing structure not only provides excellent sealing and performance, but also boasts a simple structure, low cost, easy installation, and high reliability.

[0037] A second aspect of the present invention provides: a method for monitoring the status of a millimeter wave transceiver, used for any of the above-mentioned millimeter wave transceivers, comprising the following steps: Execute at least one of the power supply voltage and current monitoring process, the temperature parameter monitoring process, the output power monitoring process, the input power monitoring process, and the local oscillator lock monitoring process, and provide real-time feedback of operating data. If any process fails, the faulty hardware will be automatically cut off and a fault code will be reported, thereby monitoring the working status.

[0038] In this embodiment, the system's operating status can be monitored online in real time and automatically determined. If normal, the system continues to operate. If a system failure occurs, the faulty component is automatically disconnected and a fault code is reported to ensure the normal operation of the rest of the system. The system is connected to the host computer via a network port, providing real-time operational data feedback and plotting the data of each monitored component over time, allowing for observation of the system's long-term operational stability. Status monitoring primarily includes power supply voltage and current monitoring, temperature parameter monitoring, output power monitoring, input excitation monitoring, and local oscillator lock monitoring, providing comprehensive coverage of system status and ensuring product safety.

[0039] The power supply voltage and current monitoring process includes the following steps: the first step is to read the input voltage and current data of the AC-DC power supply component, and then read the output voltage and current data of the AC-DC power supply component; the second step is to calibrate the input voltage and current data of the AC-DC power supply component with the design threshold value, and then calibrate the output voltage and current data of each group of AC-DC power supply components with the design threshold value; further, the total input power and output power of the AC-DC power supply component are calculated, and the threshold value of the power difference is checked; the third step is to judge all the calibration results. If they are qualified, the system continues to operate and output data continuously; if they are unqualified, the fault handling process is carried out; the fourth step is to automatically handle the system fault based on the judgment in the third step, shut down the corresponding back-end load module, and report the abnormal module voltage or current information; The temperature parameter monitoring process includes the following steps: the first step is to read the temperature data collected from each module; the second step is to calibrate the temperature data of each module against the designed threshold; the junction temperature of the power amplifier chip is further calculated based on the output power and the temperature of the power amplifier module, and then calibrated against the junction temperature threshold of the power amplifier chip; the third step is to judge all the calibration results. If they are qualified, the system will continue to operate and output data continuously; if they are unqualified, the fault handling process will be carried out; the fourth step is to automatically handle the system fault based on the judgment in the third step, shut down the corresponding back-end load module, and report the abnormal module temperature parameter information; The output power monitoring process includes the following steps: the first step is to read the collected data of the power amplifier output; the second step is to calculate the output power of the power amplifier and calibrate it against the designed threshold; the third step is to judge all the calibration results. If they are qualified, the system will continue to operate and output data continuously; if they are unqualified, the fault handling process will be carried out; the fourth step is to automatically handle the system fault based on the judgment in the third step, shut down the power amplifier module, and report the abnormal output power information of the power amplifier module; The input excitation monitoring process includes the following steps: the first step is to read the input excitation power acquisition data; the second step is to calibrate the input intermediate frequency signal power against the design threshold, and then calibrate the input reference signal power against the design threshold; the third step is to judge all the calibration results. If they are qualified, the system will continue to operate and output data continuously; if they are unqualified, the fault handling process will be carried out; the fourth step is to automatically handle the system fault based on the judgment in the third step, shut down the RF-related components, and report the input excitation abnormality information; The local oscillator lock monitoring process includes the following steps: the first step is to read the local oscillator output acquisition data, and then detect the local oscillator chip lock indication signal; the second step is to calibrate the local oscillator signal power with the design threshold, and then calibrate the local oscillator signal lock indication; the third step is to judge all the calibration results. If it is qualified, it will continue to run and output data continuously. If it is unqualified, it will go through the fault handling process; the fourth step is to automatically handle the system fault according to the judgment in the third step, shut down the RF related components, and report the local oscillator lock abnormality information.

[0040] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Rather, the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in the relevant field. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A millimeter wave transceiver, characterized in that: The transceiver circuit includes a transceiver circuit, which is arranged on the transceiver structure; the transceiver circuit includes an EMI circuit, the EMI circuit is connected to the power supply system, the power supply system is connected to the monitoring system, the heat dissipation system, the up-conversion component, the local oscillator component and the down-conversion component, the up-conversion component is connected to the power amplifier component, the local oscillator component and the one-to-four filter power splitter, the power amplifier component is connected to the waveguide coupler, the waveguide coupler is connected to the first detector and the waveguide circulator, the first detector is connected to the monitoring system, the waveguide circulator is connected to the waveguide filter and the down-conversion component, the down-conversion component is connected to the local oscillator component and the one-to-four filter power splitter, the one-to-four filter power splitter is connected to the second detector and the local oscillator component, and the second detector is connected to the monitoring system; the monitoring system is used to control the working status of each circuit, component, system and device, and when an intermediate frequency signal is received, the intermediate frequency signal processing process is executed, and when a millimeter wave signal is received, the millimeter wave signal processing process is executed.

2. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The intermediate frequency signal processing process includes the following steps: After the intermediate frequency signal and the reference clock signal enter the millimeter wave transceiver from the intermediate frequency connector, they are separated after passing through a one-to-four filter power divider; the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component to generate a local oscillator signal, and the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, which shifts the intermediate frequency signal to the millimeter wave frequency band to form a millimeter wave signal output, and then drives the power amplifier component for power amplification. The power signal passes through the waveguide coupler to complete the output power detection, and finally passes through the waveguide circulator and waveguide filter to realize signal transmission and harmonic suppression.

3. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The millimeter wave signal processing process includes the following steps: When the millimeter-wave signal enters the millimeter-wave transceiver from the RF waveguide, it passes through the waveguide filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the waveguide circulator to switch the signal to the receiving branch. The millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, which shifts the millimeter-wave signal to the intermediate frequency signal spectrum to form an intermediate frequency signal output. It is then filtered again by the one-to-four filtering power divider and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

4. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The up-conversion component includes a first filter, the first filter is connected to a first amplifier, the first amplifier is connected to a first mixer, the first mixer is connected to a second filter, the second filter is connected to a second amplifier, the second amplifier is connected to a second mixer, the second mixer is connected to a third filter, the third filter is connected to a linearizer, and the linearizer is connected to a driver amplifier; When the intermediate frequency signal enters the up-conversion component, it first passes through the first filter to filter out out-of-band spurious signals, and then passes through the first amplifier for signal power amplification; then it enters the first mixer for the first spectrum shifting, and then passes through the second filter to filter out the spurious signals generated during mixing, and then enters the second amplifier for signal power amplification again; then it enters the second mixer for the second spectrum shifting, and then passes through the third filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing, and then passes through the linearizer to optimize the third-order intermodulation of the signal, and finally passes through the driver amplifier to form a millimeter wave signal sufficient to drive the power amplifier component.

5. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The down-conversion component includes a limiter, the limiter is connected to a low-noise amplifier, the low-noise amplifier is connected to a fourth filter, the fourth filter is connected to a third mixer, the third mixer is connected to a fifth filter, the fifth filter is connected to a third amplifier, the third amplifier is connected to a fourth mixer, the fourth mixer is connected to a sixth filter, and the sixth filter is connected to the fourth amplifier; When the millimeter-wave signal enters the down-conversion component, it first passes through a limiter to limit the amplitude of the received signal to protect the back-end low-noise amplifier; then it passes through the low-noise amplifier for signal amplification, and after passing through the fourth filter to filter out useless out-of-band signals, it enters the third mixer for the first spectrum shifting operation; then it passes through the fifth filter to filter out spurious signals generated during mixing, and then it is amplified again by the third amplifier, and then it enters the fourth mixer for the second spectrum shifting operation, and then it passes through the sixth filter to filter out the combined spurious signals generated during mixing. Finally, it passes through the fourth amplifier to amplify the intermediate frequency signal and output from the intermediate frequency connector.

6. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The power amplifier assembly includes a first waveguide power splitter, the first waveguide power splitter is connected to a multi-channel power amplifier module, and the power amplifier module is connected to a second waveguide power splitter; When the signal output by the up-conversion component enters the power amplifier component, the first waveguide power splitter divides the signal equally to form multiple signals of equal amplitude and phase, which are then transmitted to each power amplifier module respectively. After the power amplifier module amplifies the signal, the second waveguide power splitter synthesizes the signal and adds the output power of multiple power amplifier modules to achieve signal power synthesis.

7. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 1, wherein: The local oscillator assembly includes a fifth amplifier, the fifth amplifier is connected to a step diode, the step diode is connected to a first power divider, the first power divider is connected to a seventh filter and an eighth filter; the seventh filter is connected to a sixth amplifier, the sixth amplifier is connected to an n-frequency multiplier, the n-frequency multiplier is connected to a ninth filter, the ninth filter is connected to the seventh amplifier; the eighth filter is connected to an eighth amplifier, the eighth amplifier is connected to a second power divider, the second power divider is connected to two phase-locked loop circuits, the phase-locked loop circuits are connected to a switch, the switch is connected to a tenth filter, and the tenth filter is connected to the ninth amplifier; When the reference clock signal enters the local oscillator component, it first passes through the fifth amplifier for power amplification, and then drives the step diode to form a comb spectrum. The first power divider divides the comb spectrum into two signals. The first signal passes through the seventh filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the sixth amplifier for power amplification, enters the n-frequency multiplier for frequency multiplication to obtain the required frequency, and finally passes through the ninth filter and the seventh amplifier to form the first local oscillator signal; the second signal passes through the eighth filter to select the required frequency component, and then passes through the eighth amplifier for power amplification, and is divided into two paths through the second power divider, respectively entering the two phase-locked loop circuits. The monitoring system controls the two phase-locked loop circuits to generate different frequencies at different times, and then selects one of the frequency outputs through the switch, and finally passes through the tenth filter and the ninth amplifier to form the second local oscillator signal.

8. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 7, wherein: The phase-locked loop circuit includes a phase-locked loop, the input end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the second power divider, the output end of the phase-locked loop is connected to the input end of the loop filter; the output end of the loop filter is connected to the input end of the voltage-controlled oscillator; and the output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a switch.

9. The millimeter wave transceiver according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The transceiver structure includes a cavity, one side of the cavity is provided with a power connector, a radio frequency connector, a network port connector and an air inlet cover, the other side of the cavity is provided with a waveguide port, one side of the cavity is provided with a cover, the other side of the cavity is provided with an air cooling structure, the interior of the cavity is provided with an AC-DC power supply structure, a down-conversion component structure, a local oscillator component structure, an up-conversion component structure, a waveguide circulator structure, a waveguide filter structure, a monitoring system board, a waveguide-coaxial converter, a waveguide power splitter structure, a waveguide coupler structure, a power amplifier component control power adapter board, a detector structure and a power amplifier module structure; the air cooling structure includes a fan and heat dissipation teeth; and a waveguide sealing structure is provided at the waveguide port.

10. The millimeter wave transceiver according to claim 9, characterized in that: The waveguide sealing structure includes a first waveguide port and a second waveguide port, a waveguide sealing window is arranged between the first waveguide port and the second waveguide port; a waveguide sealing window mounting groove is arranged on the side of the first waveguide port close to the waveguide sealing window; a first sealing ring mounting groove and a third sealing ring mounting groove are arranged on the side of the second waveguide port close to the waveguide sealing window; a second sealing ring mounting groove is arranged on the side of the waveguide sealing window close to the first waveguide port; when assembled and installed, the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are correspondingly installed in the first sealing ring mounting groove, the second sealing ring mounting groove and the third sealing ring mounting groove to form a three-layer sealing structure.

11. A method for monitoring the status of a millimeter wave transceiver, characterized in that: The millimeter wave transceiver according to any one of claims 1 to 10 comprises the following steps: Execute at least one of the power supply voltage and current monitoring process, the temperature parameter monitoring process, the output power monitoring process, the input power monitoring process, and the local oscillator lock monitoring process, and provide real-time feedback of operating data. If any process fails, the faulty hardware will be automatically cut off and a fault code will be reported, thereby monitoring the working status.

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