High-yield breeding method for geese

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield breeding method for geese. The high-yield breeding method specifically comprises the steps that 1, a site is preset; (2) fine management of breeding geese is combined with water quality regulation and control; 3) healthy breeding of goslings and water environment management; 4) dynamic feed formula and pollution discharge control; 5) preventing and controlling epidemic diseases and blocking water medium transmission; 6) standardizing a daily execution process; according to the method, the water circulation purification system is firstly constructed, the goose house is constructed on the basis of the water circulation purification system to start feeding geese, the living and activity space of the geese is guaranteed through calculation, and the problems of disease transmission, health deterioration, stress behaviors and the like are solved. Through environment control, water quality management, feed optimization and epidemic disease prevention and control, the survival rate and the egg yield are remarkably improved, and the method is an optimal scheme for large-scale goose breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural breeding, in particular to a high-yield breeding method for geese. Background Art

[0002] For concentrated goose farming, due to the limitations of the farming area and the living space required by the geese, the number of geese that can be produced in each breeding site is relatively fixed.

[0003] Traditional goose farming faces problems such as inefficient manure treatment, extensive water quality control, and high risk of disease transmission; In this regard, traditional flat-land confinement leads to the accumulation of feces, and the release of ammonia causes the deterioration of the indoor environment. The ammonia nitrogen content in the water often exceeds 0.5 mg / L, inducing respiratory diseases and reducing fertilization rates.

[0004] Still water aquaculture ponds are prone to forming dead water areas, with large fluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) (2-8 mg / L). Hypoxic stress during the breeding period leads to a fertilization rate of less than 70% for hatching eggs. There is a lack of a graded early warning mechanism, and when ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard, the ponds rely solely on water changes or chemical agents, which destroys the ecological balance of the water body.

[0005] The intensive entry of goslings into the water at an early age causes cross-infection of E. coli, with a mortality rate of 15%-20%; rainstorm runoff carries pathogens into the pond, and the outbreak rate of enteritis in the group exceeds 30%.

[0006] Under this premise, a high-yield goose breeding method is not a method that allows more geese to survive in a smaller space, but a method that can increase the survival rate of geese at a lower cost while breeding the same number of geese. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a high-yield breeding method for geese.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-yield breeding method for geese comprises the following steps: S1. Venue Preset Orchards or woodlands near clean water sources were selected to ensure a 2:1 ratio of grazing area to paddling pool area. The goose house features an elevated, 15° slope with manure drainage, allowing manure to flow directly through a diversion trough to a solid-liquid separation station for immediate collection. The paddling pool is equipped with a three-stage purification system: a grit chamber to trap impurities, a biofilm reactor to decompose organic matter, and a floating bed of water spinach to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. S2. Fine management of breeding geese combined with water quality control Operation during the breeding season: 30 days before breeding, the aerator should be operated for 12 hours a day to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the water ≥ 6 mg / L; During the peak egg-laying period, spray 200ml of EM bacterial solution per 100m2 of water surface daily to control ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.2mg / L; During the critical fertilization period, the water temperature is stabilized at 15-22°C through deep water areas and shade nets. 05:00-08:00 every day is the best time to release water for breeding; Adjust the goose feed four weeks before laying, gradually increase the proportion of concentrate feed, specifically 30% grain and 5% soybean cake, and simultaneously add 0.1% Bacillus subtilis to the drinking water to improve fertilization rate and reduce fecal contamination; S3. Healthy cultivation of goslings and water environment management Carry out phased water management for goslings, specifically: 7-15 days old: Use a shallow pool ≤ 20 cm and completely change the water after each swim; 16-30 days old: transfer to flowing water, and keep the aerator running; From 31 days old: connected to the ecological purification system, duckweed is planted on the water surface for the goslings to peck; At the same time, take anti-pollution measures when starting to feed. Use 0.1% probiotics and 5% glucose in cold boiled water at the wet mouth. Clean up the residue within 15 minutes after feeding. Disinfect the feed tray with 0.1% potassium permanganate every day. S4. Dynamic feed formulation and sewage control Water quality linked feeding strategy: When the water quality is good, feed 18% protein feed; When the water is slightly polluted, add 1.5% zeolite powder to absorb toxins; When the water quality is seriously polluted, use the 14% protein emergency formula and add 300mg / kg of VC; For the overhead slatted floor of the goose house, adopt the coordinated operation of sewage discharge, close the gate of the water play area before feeding, feed floating feed, start the slatted floor flushing, and open the water circulation after the residual material is cleaned; S5. Disease prevention and control and waterborne transmission interruption Triple protection system: Ensure drinking water safety, use ozone disinfection equipment, flush the sink daily, and feed phage preparations three days a month; Ensure water protection, spray 1g / m³ potassium persulfate per week, and vaccinate the geese with paramyxo-influenza dual vaccine before laying; Ensure the treatment of manure and sewage, separate the solid and liquid of the flushed manure, ferment the solid manure into organic fertilizer, and treat the liquid harmlessly in a biogas tank before drip irrigation for orchards / woodlands in grazing areas; Key immunization points: injection of gosling plague serum at 1 day old, bivalent vaccine combined with EM bacteria drinking water at 7 days old, and booster immunization before laying eggs at 150 days old; S6. Standardize daily execution processes Four-stage daily management: 05:00 in the morning: grazing on the grassland to forage (reducing the load on the pool), rapid testing of ammonia nitrogen in the paddling pool; 11:00 AM: Clean and rinse the feeding troughs, and turn on the wave generator for 2 hours to break up any stagnant water areas; 17:00 in the evening: Feed with floating concentrate and remove dry manure from the day to prevent it from getting soaked in water at night; Late at night 22:00: UV disinfection system automatically runs for 3 hours; The filter dam needs to be cleaned regularly every month and water samples need to be sent for inspection to prevent excessive heavy metals and to assess the floating bed coverage.

[0009] Preferably, the geese live in a goose house with an overhead slatted floor, which is connected to a manure collecting tank. The manure collecting tank is provided with a solid-liquid separation device and is connected to a biogas tank. The biogas liquid in the biogas tank is used for drip irrigation of orchards / woodlands.

[0010] Preferably, the number of goslings to be raised should be determined based on the standard of ≥0.5 m2 of water surface per gosling.

[0011] Preferably, the water quality evaluation criteria are: when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is less than 0.2 mg / L, the water quality is excellent; when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is between 0.2-0.5 mg / L, the water quality is slightly polluted; when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body exceeds 0.5 mg / L, the water quality is severely polluted.

[0012] The ideal drop rate for floating feed is less than 5%. Geese are surface feeders and naturally prefer to eat floating plants. Floating feed is in line with their natural habitat, and their intake rate is 15% higher than sinking feed, especially during the mating season.

[0013] Preferably, it is strictly forbidden to release water within 24 hours after a rainstorm to prevent surface pollutants from causing group enteritis.

[0014] Crowding can lead to the spread of disease, and waterborne diseases are the fatal flaw of high-density farming. The harm of poor water quality to geese is more hidden than that of terrestrial environment. Parasites and algal toxins are chronic, but the cumulative mortality rate is very high. Unpurified ponds can significantly increase the mortality rate of goslings.

[0015] Pesticide residues, heavy metals (lead, arsenic, etc.) or industrial pollutants in water bodies will cause chronic poisoning of geese, leading to growth inhibition and decreased immunity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The breeding model of the present invention realizes the environmental protection, high efficiency and sustainable development of the goose breeding industry through a series of precise designs.

[0017] The present invention solves the problem of manure generated by livestock during large-scale breeding, thus realizing resource recycling; it prevents the accumulation of manure, thus eliminating environmental pollution and the source of disease; through special overhead slatted floors and diversion troughs, manure and urine are immediately separated and sent to treatment stations respectively; solid manure is fermented into organic fertilizer; liquid is processed through a biogas tank to produce clean energy biogas; the treated biogas liquid is used for drip irrigation of orchards to nourish crops, forming a closed loop of "breeding-planting".

[0018] The present invention implements meticulous management of water quality to ensure the health and reproduction of geese; the water undergoes three-stage purification (first sand settling, then decomposition through biofilm, and finally absorption by aquatic plants) to continuously reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen; the dissolved oxygen and temperature in the water are monitored and adjusted in real time to create an optimal living environment for the geese; the feed formula is adjusted according to the water quality (such as adding zeolite powder to absorb toxins, or reducing protein content when necessary) to reduce the risk of poisoning in the geese; the water quality is stably up to standard for a long time, which significantly improves the breeding and fertilization rate of breeding geese.

[0019] The present invention enhances the resistance of the goose flock by strengthening health management; the goslings adapt to water of different depths in stages (from shallow water to flowing water to ecological ponds), thereby improving their survival ability and greatly increasing their survival rate; ozone is added to the drinking water for disinfection, the water body is disinfected regularly, and feces are promptly treated, forming three lines of defense to effectively block the spread of epidemic diseases; in the event of severe weather such as heavy rain, water discharge is suspended to prevent pollution, and bacteriophages are fed to inhibit intestinal pathogens and reduce the incidence of enteritis.

[0020] This invention optimizes the production process and improves breeding efficiency. It uses floating feed that is not easy to sink to the bottom, reducing waste (the water drop rate is less than 5%), allowing the geese to eat more and increasing the feeding rate by 15%. It increases concentrate feed and adds beneficial bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) during the breeding period of breeding geese, which not only improves the fertilization rate but also reduces the production of feces. It also establishes a four-stage standardized inspection system to detect any abnormalities in the breeding process early.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has successfully achieved the three-in-one modern breeding goals of "continuous compliance of water quality, healthy and high-yielding geese, and zero waste in resource recycling" through closed-loop manure treatment, dynamic water quality management, and biological control measures. It is both environmentally friendly and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of raising geese. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Example 1:

[0024] A high-yield breeding method for geese comprises the following steps: S1. Venue Preset The 14.7-acre breeding area includes 9.3 acres of forest and 5.4 acres of water. The goose house adopts an overhead manure-sinking design with a 15-degree slope. Manure flows directly to the solid-liquid separation station through a diversion trough, realizing immediate collection of manure and sewage. The paddling pool is equipped with a three-stage purification system: a grit chamber to intercept impurities, a biofilm reactor to decompose organic matter, and a floating bed of water spinach to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. S2. Fine management of breeding geese combined with water quality control Operation during the breeding season: 30 days before breeding, the aerator should be operated for 12 hours a day to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the water ≥ 6 mg / L; During the peak egg-laying period, spray 200ml of EM bacterial solution per 100m2 of water surface daily to control ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.2mg / L; During the critical fertilization period, the water temperature is stabilized at 15-22°C through deep water areas and shade nets. 05:00-08:00 every day is the best time to release water for breeding; Adjust the goose feed four weeks before laying, gradually increase the proportion of concentrate feed, specifically 30% grain and 5% soybean cake, and simultaneously add 0.1% Bacillus subtilis to the drinking water to improve fertilization rate and reduce fecal contamination; S3. Healthy cultivation of goslings and water environment management Carry out phased water management for goslings, specifically: 7-15 days old: Use a shallow pool ≤ 20 cm and completely change the water after each swim; 16-30 days old: transfer to flowing water, and keep the aerator running; From 31 days old: connected to the ecological purification system, duckweed is planted on the water surface for the goslings to peck; At the same time, take anti-pollution measures when starting to feed. Use 0.1% probiotics and 5% glucose in cold boiled water at the wet mouth. Clean up the residue within 15 minutes after feeding. Disinfect the feed tray with 0.1% potassium permanganate every day. S4. Dynamic feed formulation and sewage control Water quality linked feeding strategy: When the water quality is good, feed 18% protein feed; When the water is slightly polluted, add 1.5% zeolite powder to absorb toxins; When the water quality is seriously polluted, use the 14% protein emergency formula and add 300mg / kg of VC; For the overhead slatted floor of the goose house, adopt the coordinated operation of sewage discharge, close the gate of the water play area before feeding, feed floating feed, start the slatted floor flushing, and open the water circulation after the residual material is cleaned; S5. Disease prevention and control and waterborne transmission interruption Triple protection system: Ensure drinking water safety, use ozone disinfection equipment, flush the sink daily, and feed phage preparations three days a month; Ensure water protection, spray 1g / m³ potassium persulfate per week, and vaccinate the geese with paramyxo-influenza dual vaccine before laying; Ensure the treatment of manure and sewage, separate the solid and liquid of the flushed manure, ferment the solid manure into organic fertilizer, and treat the liquid harmlessly in a biogas tank before drip irrigation for orchards / woodlands in grazing areas; Key immunization points: injection of gosling plague serum at 1 day old, bivalent vaccine combined with EM bacteria drinking water at 7 days old, and booster immunization before laying eggs at 150 days old; S6. Standardize daily execution processes Four-stage daily management: 05:00 in the morning: grazing on the grassland to forage (reducing the load on the pool), rapid testing of ammonia nitrogen in the paddling pool; 11:00 AM: Clean and rinse the feeding troughs, and turn on the wave generator for 2 hours to break up any stagnant water areas; 17:00 in the evening: Feed with floating concentrate and remove dry manure from the day to prevent it from getting soaked in water at night; Late at night 22:00: UV disinfection system automatically runs for 3 hours; The filter dam needs to be cleaned regularly every month and water samples need to be sent for inspection to prevent excessive heavy metals and to assess the floating bed coverage.

[0025] Since the weather warmed up in March, the first batch of about 20,000 Sichuan White geese have been raised. The male-to-female ratio is about 4-5:1. They started laying eggs in the 30th week. The following are the relevant data:

[0026] Data Analysis: The initial total number is 20031, the number of female geese is 16360, the number of ganders is 3671, and the male-female ratio is approximately 16360:3671≈4.46:1.

[0027] At the end of the brooding period (20 weeks), the total number of geese was 19,669, including 16,069 female geese and 3,600 ganders. 362 of them died, and the gosling survival rate was 98.2%.

[0028] The mortality rate during the laying period (30-60 weeks) was about 2.3%. The total number of geese at the end of the laying period was 19,188, and more than 773,000 eggs were laid in 30 weeks, with an actual equivalent of 85.35 eggs, which is within the normal to high range.

[0029] Generally, the survival rate of goose chicks is 90-95%, the mortality rate during the laying period is 2-5%, and the annual egg production of Sichuan white geese is generally 60-80 eggs. This shows that the present invention significantly improves the survival rate and egg production through environmental control, water quality management, feed optimization and disease prevention and control, and is an optimal solution for large-scale goose breeding.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield breeding method for geese, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Venue Preset Orchards or woodlands near clean water sources were selected to ensure a 2:1 ratio of grazing area to paddling pool area. The goose house features an elevated, 15° slope with manure drainage, allowing manure to flow directly through a diversion trough to a solid-liquid separation station for immediate collection. The paddling pool is equipped with a three-stage purification system: a grit chamber to trap impurities, a biofilm reactor to decompose organic matter, and a floating bed of water spinach to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. S2. Fine management of breeding geese combined with water quality control Operation during the breeding season: 30 days before breeding, the aerator should be operated for 12 hours a day to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the water ≥ 6 mg / L; During the peak egg-laying period, spray 200ml of EM bacterial solution per 100m2 of water surface daily to control ammonia nitrogen ≤ 0.2mg / L; During the critical fertilization period, the water temperature is stabilized at 15-22°C through deep water areas and shade nets. 05:00-08:00 every day is the best time to release water for breeding; Adjust the goose feed four weeks before laying, gradually increase the proportion of concentrate feed, specifically 30% grain and 5% soybean cake, and simultaneously add 0.1% Bacillus subtilis to the drinking water to improve fertilization rate and reduce fecal contamination; S3. Healthy cultivation of goslings and water environment management Carry out phased water management for goslings, specifically: 7-15 days old: Use a shallow pool ≤ 20 cm and completely change the water after each swim; 16-30 days old: transfer to flowing water, and keep the aerator running; From 31 days old: connected to the ecological purification system, duckweed is planted on the water surface for the goslings to peck; At the same time, take anti-pollution measures when starting to feed. Use 0.1% probiotics and 5% glucose in cold boiled water at the wet mouth. Clean up the residue within 15 minutes after feeding. Disinfect the feed tray with 0.1% potassium permanganate every day. S4. Dynamic feed formulation and sewage control Water quality linked feeding strategy: When the water quality is good, feed 18% protein feed; When the water is slightly polluted, add 1.5% zeolite powder to absorb toxins; When the water quality is seriously polluted, use the 14% protein emergency formula and add 300mg / kg of VC; For the overhead slatted floor of the goose house, adopt the coordinated operation of sewage discharge, close the gate of the water play area before feeding, feed floating feed, start the slatted floor flushing, and open the water circulation after the residual material is cleaned; S5. Disease prevention and control and waterborne transmission interruption Triple protection system: Ensure drinking water safety, use ozone disinfection equipment, flush the sink daily, and feed phage preparations three days a month; Ensure water protection, spray 1g / m³ potassium persulfate per week, and vaccinate the geese with paramyxo-influenza dual vaccine before laying; Ensure the treatment of manure and sewage, separate the solid and liquid of the flushed manure, ferment the solid manure into organic fertilizer, and treat the liquid harmlessly in a biogas tank before drip irrigation for orchards / woodlands in grazing areas; Key immunization points: injection of gosling plague serum at 1 day old, bivalent vaccine combined with EM bacteria drinking water at 7 days old, and booster immunization before laying eggs at 150 days old; S6. Standardize daily execution processes Four-stage daily management: 05:00 in the morning: grazing on the grassland to forage (reducing the load on the pool), rapid testing of ammonia nitrogen in the paddling pool; 11:00 AM: Clean and rinse the feeding troughs, and turn on the wave generator for 2 hours to break up any stagnant water areas; 17:00 in the evening: Feed with floating concentrate and remove dry manure from the day to prevent it from getting soaked in water at night; Late at night 22:00: UV disinfection system automatically runs for 3 hours; The filter dam needs to be cleaned regularly every month and water samples need to be sent for inspection to prevent excessive heavy metals and to assess the floating bed coverage.

2. The high-yield breeding method for geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the geese live in a goose house with an overhead slatted floor, which is connected to a manure collecting tank. The manure collecting tank is equipped with a solid-liquid separation device and is connected to a biogas tank. The biogas liquid in the biogas tank is used for drip irrigation of orchards / woodlands.

3. The high-yield breeding method for geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the number of goslings to be raised needs to be determined based on the standard of ≥0.2 m2 of water surface per gosling; for adult geese, 15-20 m2 of water surface and a water depth of 1-1.5 m are provided for every 100 geese.

4. The high-yield breeding method for geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S4, the water quality evaluation criteria are: when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is less than 0.2 mg / L, the water quality is excellent; when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is between 0.2-0.5 mg / L, the water quality is slightly polluted; when the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body exceeds 0.5 mg / L, the water quality is severely polluted.

5. The high-yield breeding method for geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the drop rate of floating feed is less than 5%. Geese are surface feeders and naturally prefer to eat floating plants. Floating feed is in line with their nature, and their intake rate is more than 15% higher than sinking feed, especially during the mating season.

6. The high-yield breeding method for geese according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, it is strictly forbidden to release water within 24 hours after a rainstorm to prevent surface pollutants from causing group enteritis.

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