A pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, method, and application, particularly suitable for efficient dust removal and online cleaning of powdery or granular materials during the drying process in fluidized bed dryers. The system includes one or more bag filter chambers, employing a cylindrical structure connected by upper and lower flanges. The bag filter consists of a supporting frame and filter bags, elastically connected to the flange supports via annular mounting plates. The system is equipped with a pneumatic eccentric vibrator to drive the filter bags to generate high-frequency vibration for cleaning. The method, based on a spatial alternating arrangement and group management logic, performs group operation, differential pressure monitoring, and rotational cleaning of the bag filter chambers, achieving continuous and coordinated operation of filtration and cleaning. This system and method effectively improve dust removal efficiency and filter bag lifespan, reduce airflow disturbance and bed collapse risks, and are suitable for applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food that require high cleanliness and fluidization stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of drying and dust removal equipment, and relates to technologies such as gas-solid separation, pneumatic vibration cleaning and multi-compartment fluidization control. Specifically, it is a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag dust removal system, method and application, which is used to improve dust removal efficiency and bag service life during fluidized bed drying. Background Technology

[0002] Baghouse dust collection technology, as a highly efficient dry dust removal method, is widely used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, building materials, and metallurgy. It is particularly suitable for handling dust-laden gases generated from materials with high dust concentrations, fine particle sizes, and high adhesion. In solid dosage form drying equipment such as fluidized bed dryers and fluidized bed granulators, baghouse dust collection systems play a crucial role in gas-solid separation and powder material recovery, and are essential for maintaining normal equipment operation and product quality control.

[0003] Existing fluidized bed dryers generally employ a bag filter shaking cleaning method. At set time intervals, mechanical transmission or pneumatic devices vibrate the filter bags up and down, shaking off dust particles adhering to their surface. In a typical shaking cleaning system, the filter bags are positioned at the top of the fluidized bed, divided into left and right chambers, which alternately and intermittently shake and clean. If fine powder is collected by the filter bags to a certain extent, the left exhaust valve is closed, and the left chamber filter bags shake up and down under the action of a cylinder, causing the shaken-off powder to fall back into the fluidized bed for further drying. After the operation is complete, the left exhaust valve is opened, the right exhaust valve is closed, and the right chamber filter bags are shaken again. The left and right chambers alternate in this cycle, cleaning the collected powder and keeping the filter bags unobstructed.

[0004] However, existing baghouse dust collection technology still faces several challenges in practical applications. Firstly, dust removal is incomplete. Due to the limited efficiency of vibration energy transfer, especially under conditions of strong dust adhesion and high filtration resistance, the shaking amplitude is insufficient to completely desorb dust. Secondly, the airflow resistance of the baghouse is unstable, causing pulsations in the airflow velocity within the fluidization chamber, thus affecting the fluidization effect. Dust accumulation on the bag surface and incomplete cleaning can easily lead to drastic pressure fluctuations, resulting in unstable airflow velocity in the fluidized bed, directly impacting the material's fluidization state and drying effect. Thirdly, energy consumption is high, with mechanical drive components incurring significant energy consumption and maintenance costs. Finally, the bags are prone to damage and have a short lifespan; frequent shaking and impact can easily cause fatigue in the bag material, deformation of the frame, and even breakage. It is worth noting that for multi-compartment baghouse dust collection systems, each dust collection compartment needs to be cleaned and operated alternately to ensure the continuous operation of the system. Currently, there is still a lack of a control strategy that can coordinate the cleaning rhythm between compartments and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system. Once the cleaning process and the material drying process are out of balance, it will lead to disorder in the overall fluidization state of the system, resulting in serious problems such as bed collapse, powder loss, and unstable output, which will seriously affect production efficiency and product quality.

[0005] In summary, existing baghouse dust collection and cleaning systems have varying degrees of technical shortcomings in terms of cleaning efficiency, bag life, airflow stability, and system energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a baghouse dust collection and cleaning system and method that is structurally sound, thoroughly cleans, provides stable airflow resistance, consumes low energy, and is adaptable to multi-compartment operation, in order to effectively improve the operational reliability and clean production level of fluidized bed dryers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Purpose of the invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned deficiencies and shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, method, and application. By employing a pneumatic eccentric vibrator to drive the coordinated vibration of the filter bag and frame during dust removal, and combining a multi-compartment symmetrical arrangement and a dynamic switching control strategy using pneumatic butterfly valves, high-frequency, efficient, and stable dust desorption operations are achieved during bag filter dust removal.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the objective of this invention and solve its technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] The first objective of this invention is to provide a pneumatic eccentric vibrating bag filter dust removal system for filtration, purification, and online cleaning of powdery or granular materials during the drying process in a fluidized bed dryer. The system includes one or more bag filter chambers positioned at the top of the fluidized bed. Each bag filter chamber comprises at least a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder, a bag filter, and a pneumatic eccentric vibrator.

[0011] The top of the lower cylinder and the bottom of the upper cylinder are coaxially sealed and fixed by flange connection to form the main airflow channel of the bag dust collector. A stepped annular flange support with a preset height is formed between the two flange connecting plates that are arranged opposite to each other. The flange support is used to install the bag dust collector.

[0012] The bag filter is coaxially arranged in the bag dust collection chamber and includes at least a support frame and a dust collection bag. The support frame is a cylindrical cage structure, and the dust collection bag is covered and fixed on its cage body. An annular mounting plate is provided at the top outer edge of the support frame. The thickness of the annular mounting plate is less than the preset height of the flange support, and it is coaxially clamped and elastically supported on the flange support, so that the support frame can reciprocate up and down in the height direction within the space defined by the flange support.

[0013] The pneumatic eccentric vibrator is fixedly installed at the top center of the support frame. It is an integrated pneumatic drive assembly and is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an external air pipe. Its internal eccentric rotor rotates at high speed under air pressure and generates periodic eccentric excitation force. This excitation force is transmitted to the dust collector bag through the support frame, so that the dust attached to the surface of the dust collector bag is removed from the surface of the bag under the action of vibration, thus realizing the dust removal function.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a fluidized bed drying device that includes the above-described pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system of this invention.

[0015] The third objective of this invention is to provide a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal method, based on the above-mentioned pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, which includes at least the following steps:

[0016] SS1. System Initialization and Spatial Alternating Grouping Configuration:

[0017] Start the induced draft fan of the fluidized bed dryer to establish a stable negative pressure environment in the fluidized bed. At the same time, manage and configure an even number of bag filter dust collection chambers in a spatial alternating arrangement.

[0018] SS2. Group Operation Status Establishment and Load Balancing Control:

[0019] In the initial state, open all the pneumatic butterfly valves of the first group to put the first group into normal filtration operation, and at the same time close the pneumatic butterfly valves corresponding to the second group of bag dust collectors to put the second group into standby state temporarily.

[0020] SS3. Group dynamic differential pressure monitoring and dust removal timing determination:

[0021] The system monitors the pressure difference changes before and after the dust collector bags in the first and second bag dust collector chambers in real time. When the overall average pressure difference value or the pressure difference value of the key monitoring point in the first bag dust collector chamber that is in operation reaches the preset dust removal trigger threshold, the system identifies that the first group needs to be cleaned.

[0022] SS4. Activation of Inter-group Status Switching and Spatial Alternating Work Mode:

[0023] Seamless switching between the execution groups: First, open all the pneumatic butterfly valves of the second group to immediately put the second group into normal filtration operation. Then, close the pneumatic butterfly valves corresponding to the bag filter chamber of the first group to cut off the airflow channel of the first group and create a relatively still airflow environment inside the chamber of the first group.

[0024] SS5. First group of pneumatic eccentric vibration dust removal execution and vibration disturbance control:

[0025] High-pressure air is supplied synchronously to all the pneumatic eccentric vibrators in the first group to generate synchronous periodic eccentric excitation force. At the same time, the negative pressure difference formed in the first group of chambers, combined with the vibration, causes the detached dust to be completely separated from the surface of the filter bag under pressure, and the detached dust falls back into the fluidized bed.

[0026] SS6. Verification of dust removal effectiveness and management of alternating cycles between groups:

[0027] After the first set of dust removal operations is completed, the corresponding pneumatic butterfly valve of the first set is reopened. Then, the pressure difference change of the second set of bag filter dust chambers is monitored. When the second set reaches the dust removal threshold, the process of steps SS4 to SS5 is repeated.

[0028] (III) Technical Effects

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag dust collector cleaning system, method and application of the present invention have the following beneficial and significant technical effects: (1) The dust collector bag and support frame structure in the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag dust collector cleaning system can increase the dust collection area, reduce the airflow resistance of the bag, and improve the dust collection efficiency; the use of pneumatic eccentric vibrator for cleaning makes the bag cleaning simple and easy to control, and the cleaning more thorough. The airflow resistance of the bag is smaller and more stable, the service life of the bag is longer, the airflow velocity in the fluidization chamber is more uniform, the fluidization effect is better, and the dust collection energy consumption is reduced. (2) Based on the spatial alternating arrangement and group management logic, the present invention performs group operation, differential pressure monitoring and rotation cleaning of the bag dust collector, realizes continuous and coordinated operation of filtration and cleaning, can effectively improve the dust collection efficiency, reduce the airflow disturbance and bed collapse risk, and is suitable for applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food that have high requirements for cleanliness and fluidization stability. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a single-compartment bag filter dust collector with pneumatic eccentric vibration cleaning and fluidized bed drying equipment;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a pneumatic eccentric vibration cleaning and boiling dryer for a dual-compartment bag filter dust collector;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a four-compartment bag filter dust collector with pneumatic eccentric vibration cleaning and boiling dryer;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a fluidized bed in a four-compartment bag filter dust collector and fluidized bed dryer;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a pneumatic eccentric vibrating bag filter dust removal system;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of part I in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 The main view supporting the skeleton 301;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal method.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1-Air inlet treatment system, 2-Fluidized bed, 201-Lower cylinder, 202-Compression spring, 203-Upper cylinder, 204-Nut, 205-Spring washer, 206-Sealing gasket, 207-Bolt, 208-Flat gasket, 209-Flange support, 3-Bag filter, 301-Support frame, 302-Dust collector bag, 303-Pneumatic eccentric vibrator, 304-External air pipe, 305-Annular mounting plate, 306-Cage-shaped main body, 4-Exhaust pipe, 5-Exhaust fan, 6-Pneumatic butterfly valve. Detailed Implementation

[0040] This invention aims to provide a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, method, and application for filtration, purification, and online dust removal during the drying process of powdered or granular materials in fluidized bed dryers. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this invention, and are exemplary, intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0041] Example 1: Fluidized bed dryer and bag filter dust removal system

[0042] As a specific example, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, the fluidized bed dryer provided by this invention includes a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system. This bag filter dust removal system is configured spatially as a single-compartment, double-compartment, or multi-compartment structure according to actual operating conditions and equipment processing capacity requirements. A single-compartment structure is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the bag filter chambers are arranged coaxially on top of the fluidized bed; the dual-chamber structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the four-compartment structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the top of the fluidized bed is provided with multiple bifurcated outlet channels evenly distributed along the circumference. Each bifurcated outlet channel is coaxially connected to the bottom of an independent bag filter dust collection chamber, forming a multi-channel parallel bag filter dust collection network structure to achieve equal distribution of airflow and balanced structural arrangement. Each bag filter dust collection chamber is equipped with an independent pneumatic eccentric vibrator and pneumatic butterfly valve control components, enabling independent switching of operating states between chambers.

[0043] The fluidized bed dryer mainly consists of an air intake system 1, a fluidized bed 2, a bag filter dust removal system 3, an exhaust pipe 4, and an induced draft fan 5. Under the negative pressure suction of the induced draft fan 5, the airflow enters the fluidized bed 2 through the air intake system 1, agitating and fluidizing the powdered or granular powder. The air then flows through the bag filter dust removal system 3, where some fine powder is captured by the filter bags 302. A pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 and a compression spring 202 within the filter bags drive the filter bags 302 and their supporting frame 301 to vibrate together, removing the fine powder from the filter bags 302. The filtered air then passes through a pneumatic butterfly valve 6 (optional in single-compartment and double-compartment structures) and the exhaust pipe 4, and is drawn out by the induced draft fan 5.

[0044] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system provided by the present invention includes one or more bag filter chambers disposed on the top of the fluidized bed 2. Each bag filter chamber includes at least a lower cylinder 201, an upper cylinder 203, a bag filter 3, and a pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303. The top of the lower cylinder 201 and the bottom of the upper cylinder 203 are coaxially sealed and fixed by flange connection to form the main airflow channel of the bag filter chamber. A stepped annular flange support 209 with a preset height is formed between the two flange connecting plates disposed opposite to each other, facing the internal space of the chamber. The flange support 209 is used to install the bag filter 3.

[0045] The bag filter 3 is coaxially mounted in the bag dust collection chamber and consists of a support frame 301, a dust collector bag 302, a pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303, and an external air pipe 304. The support frame 301 has a cylindrical cage-like structure. The dust collector bag 302 is fixedly mounted on the cage-like main body 306 of the support frame 301. An annular mounting plate 305 is provided at the top outer edge of the support frame 301. The thickness of the annular mounting plate 305 is less than the preset height of the flange support 209, and it is coaxially clamped and elastically supported on the flange support 209, so that the support frame 301 can reciprocate up and down along the height direction within the space defined by the flange support 209. Preferably, the annular mounting plate 305 of the support frame 301 is elastically connected to the flange support 209 by multiple elastic support components (compression springs 202) evenly distributed along the circumference. The lower end of each elastic support component is fixed to the stepped surface of the flange support 209, and the upper end pushes against the bottom surface of the annular mounting plate 305. Under the action of the high-frequency excitation force generated by the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303, it undergoes periodic compression and release, transmitting and amplifying the excitation force to the support frame 301 and the dust collector bag 302, thereby driving the bag to generate high-frequency up-and-down vibration. Furthermore, the elastic characteristics of the elastic support components (including elastic stiffness, pre-compression amount, and quantity arrangement) are set so that the maximum amplitude of the annular mounting plate 305 under the action of continuous excitation force and elastic support components does not exceed the preset height of the flange support 209, preventing the frame structure from causing structural impact, fatigue instability, or energy leakage due to over-stroke vibration.

[0046] Furthermore, a sealing gasket 206 is provided between the bottom flange of the upper cylinder 203 and the top flange of the lower cylinder 201 of the fluidized bed 2. This connection is secured by multiple bolts 207, corresponding nuts 204, spring washers 205, and flat washers 208. The sealing gasket 206 is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant elastic material to ensure the airtightness of the flange connection and prevent leakage of dust-laden airflow. The bolts 207 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange, and standardized pre-tightening torque ensures the reliability and consistency of the connection. This sealed connection structure not only guarantees the sealing performance of the system but also facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the equipment. When it is necessary to replace the dust collector bag 302 or perform equipment maintenance, the upper and lower cylinders can be quickly and safely separated, improving the maintainability and operational safety of the equipment.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic support component (compression spring 202) is in a slightly compressed state when the bag filter is stationary, achieving initial stable support. During vibration, it exhibits good dynamic load response and rebound performance, thereby ensuring the controllability, repeatability, and excitation efficiency of the vibration trajectory of the support frame 301. This structural design not only improves the stability of the dust removal system and the bag filter's response sensitivity but also significantly reduces the risk of impact wear at rigid connection points in the vibration propagation path, extending the overall service life of the system.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 is fixedly installed at the top center of the support frame 301. It is an integrated pneumatic drive assembly and is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an external air pipe 304. Its internal eccentric rotor rotates at high speed under air pressure and generates periodic eccentric excitation force. This excitation force is transmitted to the dust collector bag 302 through the support frame 301, so that the dust attached to the surface of the dust collector bag 302 is removed from the surface of the bag under the action of vibration, thereby realizing the dust removal function.

[0049] As a preferred option, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 has two operating modes: continuous operation mode and intermittent operation mode. In continuous operation mode, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 continuously generates low-intensity vibration to prevent excessive dust accumulation on the surface of the filter bag. In intermittent operation mode, when the pressure difference across the filter bag 3 exceeds the preset value, high-intensity vibration is automatically activated for centralized dust removal. The two operating modes can be selected and adjusted according to process requirements and material characteristics. The continuous mode is suitable for working conditions with high fine powder content, while the intermittent mode is suitable for working conditions with relatively stable dust generation. This flexible operating mode design effectively extends the service life of the filter bag 302 and reduces system energy consumption.

[0050] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the cage-shaped main body 306 of the support frame 301 adopts a cylindrical cage structure composed of multiple longitudinal support rods and multiple transverse connecting rings. The multiple transverse connecting rings set at the top and bottom of the frame are fixedly connected by several radial connecting rods and form a top ring frame and a bottom ring frame respectively. Each longitudinal support rod is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the upper and lower ends of each longitudinal support rod are fixedly connected to the top ring frame and the bottom ring frame respectively. The annular mounting plate 305 is fixedly set on the outer peripheral edge of the top ring frame and forms a cylindrical cage structure with axial compressive strength and radial support capacity. The cylindrical cage structure supporting the frame 301 ensures sufficient mechanical strength while providing good air permeability, allowing airflow to pass smoothly. At the same time, this structural design enables vibration force to be evenly transmitted to the entire surface of the dust collector bag 302, avoiding the problems of insufficient or excessive vibration in certain areas. It also maintains the shape stability of the dust collector bag 302 throughout the entire vibration cycle, preventing local collapse, pleating, or vibration displacement of the bag. This results in a more uniform and thorough dust removal effect, significantly improving dust removal efficiency and reducing local wear on the bag.

[0051] Preferably, the dust collector bag 302 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, polyester fiber, or glass fiber material with a specially treated surface. It has excellent antistatic properties, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and chemical stability. The pore size and thickness of the bag are precisely designed to match specific filtration accuracy requirements. Under the action of the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303, the dust collector bag 302 can withstand high-frequency vibration without fatigue damage. At the same time, its flexibility ensures the effective transmission of vibration energy and the full removal of dust. The selection of this high-performance bag material, combined with vibration cleaning technology, achieves the best balance between filtration efficiency and cleaning effect, significantly improving the service life of the bag and the overall performance of the system.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, each bag filter chamber is equipped with a pressure monitoring device for monitoring the pressure difference across the bag filter 3. The detection points are respectively located in the upstream inlet chamber and the downstream outlet chamber of the bag filter 3. Each upper cylinder 203 has a pneumatic butterfly valve 6 at its top airflow outlet for controlling the airflow into and out of the bag filter chamber. The pressure monitoring devices, pneumatic butterfly valves 6, and pneumatic eccentric vibrators 303 form a linkage control mechanism. When the pressure difference across the bag filter 3 reaches a preset cleaning threshold, the corresponding pneumatic butterfly valve 6 automatically closes to isolate the airflow channel. Simultaneously, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 in that chamber is activated for cleaning. After cleaning, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 stops working, and the pneumatic butterfly valve 6 reopens to restore normal filtration. This linkage control mechanism achieves precise control and optimization of the cleaning process, ensuring thorough cleaning and continuous system operation.

[0053] Preferably, when the pneumatic butterfly valve 6 is closed for dust removal, a negative pressure differential dust removal state is formed in the bag filter chamber. The pressure on the rear side of the dust collector bag 302 is higher than the pressure on the front side. This negative pressure differential state causes the dust particles to be pushed from the inside to the outside of the bag. Combined with the mechanical vibration force generated by the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303, a dual dust removal mechanism is formed, which significantly improves the efficiency of dust removal from the surface of the bag. In particular, it has a better removal effect on fine particles and dust with strong electrostatic adsorption. The application of this negative pressure differential dust removal technology makes the dust removal process more thorough, effectively reduces the residual resistance of the bag, extends the dust removal cycle, and reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance.

[0054] Furthermore, the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system of the present invention is also equipped with an external control unit that is communicatively connected to each pressure monitoring device, pneumatic butterfly valve 6, and pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303. The external control unit has at least a built-in data acquisition module, a dust removal frequency scheduling module, a vibration control module, and a butterfly valve switching timing module. Based on the collected operating parameters such as pressure difference changes in each compartment, airflow velocity, dust concentration, and bag usage time, it adjusts the vibration frequency, intensity, and duration of each pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 in real time, while coordinating the opening and closing timing and duration of each pneumatic butterfly valve 6 to ensure optimal execution of the dust removal process. Preferably, the external control unit is also equipped with a fault diagnosis and early warning module. This module analyzes the system operating status in real time based on an abnormal data identification algorithm, accurately identifies typical faults such as abnormal pressure difference, butterfly valve jamming, and vibrator response delay, and issues alarm signals. Simultaneously, it feeds back relevant diagnostic information to the user terminal or host computer system to prompt pre-maintenance operations, ensuring long-term stable system operation and reducing the risk of unplanned downtime.

[0055] Furthermore, the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system of the present invention preferably has four or more even-numbered bag filter chambers arranged in its spatial structure, and is divided into two groups of bag filter chambers. Each group contains the same number of bag filter chambers, and the bag filter chambers in the first group and the bag filter chambers in the second group are arranged alternately in space. The alternating arrangement structure, combined with the group management logic, ensures that when the bag filter chambers in the first group are in the filtration state at a certain time, the bag filter chambers in the second group simultaneously enter the dust removal state, and vice versa, realizing the dynamic rotation and periodic switching of the operating states between groups. This spatial alternating arrangement can effectively reduce the superposition effect of airflow disturbance caused by the dust removal vibration interference of adjacent bag filter chambers, thereby maintaining the directional stability and flow uniformity of the overall system airflow output in any dust removal cycle. Furthermore, it is particularly important to emphasize that this alternating spatial arrangement and group management logic ensures that there are uniformly distributed dust collection chambers operating at all times, maintaining a constant total filtration area, uniform spatial distribution of working bags, and mutual cancellation of cleaning interference. This effectively maintains the dynamic stability of bag resistance, significantly reduces airflow disturbance, and thus maintains the continuity and uniformity of the gas-solid interface velocity in the fluidized bed, improving fluidization quality and drying efficiency. Simultaneously, this invention, through spatially symmetrical distribution and alternating operating modes, ensures the continuity and uniformity of airflow extraction from the top of the fluidized bed, maintaining a stable negative pressure environment and uniform airflow distribution within the fluidized bed, effectively preventing bed collapse. Finally, this alternating spatial arrangement, combined with negative pressure differential cleaning technology, makes the cleaning process more thorough and efficient, significantly reducing cleaning frequency and energy consumption, thereby achieving a comprehensive improvement in system performance and a fundamental improvement in operational stability.

[0056] This invention is implemented as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the dust collector bag 302 captures fine powder in the airflow of the fluidized bed 2. The dust collector bag 302 and the support frame 301 vibrate together through the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 and the compression spring 202, which removes the fine powder on the dust collector bag 302. This reduces the residence time of fine powder on the dust collector bag 302, reduces the airflow resistance of the dust collector bag 302, improves the dust removal efficiency, and reduces energy consumption.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the single-compartment and double-compartment bag filter pneumatic eccentric vibration cleaning system, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 can work continuously or intermittently. That is, it starts working when the pressure resistance before and after the filter bag 302 reaches the set value and stops working when it falls below the set value.

[0058] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this is a special case of a multi-compartment system, not limited to four compartments; it can be six, eight, etc. In this example, the four dust collection compartments are evenly distributed circumferentially. Two symmetrical compartments have their pneumatic butterfly valves 6 open and working, while the other two symmetrical compartments have their pneumatic butterfly valves 6 closed and not working. The dust collector bags 302 in the working compartments capture fine powder from the airflow in the fluidized bed 2. Once the pressure resistance across the dust collector bags 302 reaches a set value, the pneumatic butterfly valves 6 in these two compartments close, and the dust collector bags 302 in these two compartments stop working. At the same time, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 is turned on, causing the dust collector bags 302 and the support frame 301 to vibrate together, removing the fine powder from the dust collector bags 302. After cleaning, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 stops working. Before the two compartments close their pneumatic butterfly valves 6, the other two compartments open their pneumatic butterfly valves 6 and begin working, and this cycle repeats. Because only two symmetrical chambers are working at any given time during operation, the stability of the airflow is ensured. Moreover, after the pneumatic butterfly valve 6 is closed, dust is cleaned. The front and rear pressure resistance of the dust collector bag 302 in the flow direction is negative, that is, the pressure behind the dust collector bag 302 is higher than the pressure in front of the dust collector bag 302, which is more conducive to dust removal.

[0059] Example 2: Dust Removal Method for Bag Filters

[0060] Based on the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system provided in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 further provides a pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal method based on this system, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the method mainly includes the following steps when implemented:

[0061] SS1. System Initialization and Spatial Alternating Grouping Configuration:

[0062] Start the induced draft fan 5 of the fluidized bed dryer to establish a stable negative pressure environment in the fluidized bed 2. At the same time, based on the spatial alternating arrangement, the even number of bag dust collectors are grouped and managed. All bag dust collectors are divided into the first group and the second group. Each group contains the same number of bag dust collectors. The bag dust collectors in the first group and the bag dust collectors in the second group are arranged alternately in space to ensure that adjacent bag dust collectors belong to different groups. This spatial alternating arrangement lays the structural foundation for the subsequent group management and dust removal. It enables the dust-laden airflow to achieve uniform load distribution when it flows upward from the top of the fluidized bed 2 through the lower cylinder 201 of each bag dust collector.

[0063] SS2. Group Operation Status Establishment and Load Balancing Control:

[0064] According to the group management logic, in the initial state, all the pneumatic butterfly valves 6 corresponding to the first group of bag dust collectors are opened, so that the first group enters the normal filtration working state. At the same time, the pneumatic butterfly valves 6 corresponding to the second group of bag dust collectors are closed, so that the second group is temporarily in standby state. During the operation of the first group, the dust-laden airflow is filtered through the bag dust collectors 3 of the first group, which are spatially distributed alternately. The dust particles are uniformly intercepted and captured by the dust collection bags 302. Due to the spatially distributed characteristics of the first group of bag dust collectors, the airflow resistance and pressure loss are uniformly distributed in the top area of ​​the entire fluidized bed 2, avoiding the phenomenon of concentrated or insufficient airflow in local areas.

[0065] SS3. Group dynamic differential pressure monitoring and dust removal timing determination:

[0066] A dynamic monitoring mechanism based on group management logic is established to monitor the pressure difference changes before and after the dust collector bags 302 in the first and second group of bag dust collectors in real time. When the overall average pressure difference value or the pressure difference value of the key monitoring point of the first group of bag dust collectors reaches the preset dust removal trigger threshold, the system automatically identifies that the first group needs to be cleaned and prepares the start-up program for the second group of bag dust collectors in advance. This group monitoring method ensures the scientific nature of the dust removal decision and the optimization of the timing selection, providing reliable data support for seamless switching and continuous operation.

[0067] SS4. Activation of Inter-group Status Switching and Spatial Alternating Work Mode:

[0068] Based on the group management logic, the seamless switching between group states is executed. First, all the pneumatic butterfly valves 6 corresponding to the second group of bag filter dust chambers are opened, so that the second group immediately enters the normal filtration working state. Since the second group of bag filter dust chambers is spatially alternated with the first group, it can immediately take over the airflow filtration task and maintain the airflow stability of the overall system after opening. Then, the pneumatic butterfly valves 6 corresponding to the first group of bag filter dust chambers are closed, cutting off the airflow channel of the first group and making the interior of the first group of chambers form a relatively static airflow environment. The activation of this spatial alternating working mode ensures that there are uniformly distributed bag filter dust chambers working at any time, eliminating the airflow pulsation problem caused by the traditional left and right two-chamber switching.

[0069] SS5. First group of pneumatic eccentric vibration dust removal execution and vibration disturbance control:

[0070] High-pressure air is supplied synchronously to all pneumatic eccentric vibrators 303 in the first group of bag filter dust chambers, starting the coordinated high-speed rotation of their internal eccentric rotors and generating synchronous periodic eccentric excitation force. Since the first group of bag filter dust chambers are spatially alternately distributed and maintain an appropriate distance from the second group of chambers that are in operation, the mechanical vibration generated during the dust removal vibration will not significantly interfere with the second group of bag filter dust chambers that are in operation, avoiding the superposition effect of dust removal vibration of adjacent chambers. At the same time, the negative pressure difference formed in the first group of chambers, combined with the vibration, makes it easier for the detached dust to be completely separated from the surface of the filter bag under pressure. The detached dust falls back into the fluidized bed 2. This coordinated dust removal process continues for a preset time to ensure the thoroughness of dust removal.

[0071] SS6. Verification of dust removal effectiveness and management of alternating cycles between groups:

[0072] After the first set of dust removal operations is completed, the air supply to its pneumatic eccentric vibrator 303 is stopped, and the differential pressure value after dust removal is monitored to verify the dust removal effect. After confirming that the expected target has been achieved, the corresponding pneumatic butterfly valve 6 of the first set is reopened to restore the normal working state of the first set. Then, the differential pressure change of the second set of bag filter dust chambers is monitored. When the second set reaches the dust removal threshold, the process of steps SS4 to SS5 is repeated to realize the dust removal operation of the second set. In this way, the dust removal is carried out alternately between the two sets. This group management logic, combined with the spatial alternating arrangement, ensures that the system can maintain stable airflow output and uniform fluidization effect in any dust removal cycle. It fundamentally solves the technical problems caused by traditional dust removal methods, such as unstable airflow resistance, pulsation of airflow velocity in the fluidization chamber, powder loss and bed collapse. It realizes the continuous and stable operation of the boiling drying process and ensures the consistency of product quality.

[0073] In summary, this method, through an innovative combination of spatial alternating arrangement and group management logic, fully utilizes the spatial layout characteristics and dynamic pressure difference judgment strategy between bag filter dust chambers to achieve precise triggering of the dust removal process, seamless switching between groups, and fluidization continuity assurance, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the efficient and stable operation of fluidized bed dryers.

[0074] The objectives of this invention have been fully and effectively achieved through the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that this invention includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments described above. Although the invention has been described with reference to what is currently considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the invention will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system, comprising one or more bag filter chambers disposed at the top of a fluidized bed, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned baghouse dust collectors includes at least a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder, a baghouse dust collector, and a pneumatic eccentric vibrator, wherein: The top of the lower cylinder and the bottom of the upper cylinder are coaxially sealed and fixed by flange connection to form the main airflow channel of the bag dust collector. A stepped annular flange support with a preset height is formed between the two flange connecting plates that are arranged opposite to each other. The bag filter is coaxially arranged in the bag dust collection chamber and includes at least a support frame and a dust collection bag. The support frame is a cylindrical cage structure, with the dust collection bag covered and fixed on its cage body. An annular mounting plate is provided at the top outer edge of the support frame. The thickness of the annular mounting plate is less than the preset height of the flange support, and it is coaxially clamped and elastically supported in the flange support, so that the support frame can vibrate up and down along the height direction in the space defined by the flange support. The pneumatic eccentric vibrator is fixedly installed at the top center of the support frame. It is an integrated pneumatic drive assembly and is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an external air pipe. Its internal eccentric rotor rotates at high speed under air pressure and generates periodic eccentric excitation force. This excitation force is transmitted to the dust collector bag through the support frame, so that the dust adhering to the surface of the dust collector bag is removed from the surface of the bag under the action of vibration. The fluidized bed has multiple bifurcated outlet channels evenly distributed along the circumference at its top. Each bifurcated outlet channel is coaxially connected to the bottom of an independent bag filter chamber, forming a multi-channel parallel bag filter network structure to achieve equal distribution of airflow and balanced structural arrangement. Each bag filter chamber is equipped with an independent pneumatic eccentric vibrator and pneumatic butterfly valve control components, enabling independent switching of operating states between chambers. Furthermore, the system has four or more even-numbered bag filter chambers arranged in its spatial structure, and is divided into two groups of bag filter chambers. Each group contains the same number of bag filter chambers, and the bag filter chambers in the first group and the bag filter chambers in the second group are arranged alternately in space. The alternating arrangement structure, combined with the group management logic, ensures that when the bag filter chambers in the first group are in the filtration working state at a certain time, the bag filter chambers in the second group simultaneously enter the dust cleaning state, and vice versa, realizing the dynamic rotation and periodic switching of the operating state between the groups.

2. The pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing gasket is provided at the flange connection between the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder, and a fastening connection is achieved by multiple bolts and corresponding nuts, spring washers and flat washers. The bolts are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange, and the reliability and consistency of the connection are ensured by a standardized preload torque.

3. The pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cage-shaped main body of the supporting frame adopts a cylindrical cage structure composed of multiple longitudinal support rods and multiple transverse connecting rings. The multiple transverse connecting rings set at the top and bottom of the frame are fixedly connected by several radial connecting rods and form a top ring frame and a bottom ring frame respectively. Each of the longitudinal support rods is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the upper and lower ends of each longitudinal support rod are fixedly connected to the top ring frame and the bottom ring frame respectively. The annular mounting plate is fixedly set on the outer peripheral edge of the top ring frame and forms a cylindrical cage structure with axial compressive strength and radial support capacity.

4. The pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The annular mounting plate is elastically connected to the flange support through multiple elastic support components evenly distributed along the circumference. The lower end of each elastic support component is fixed to the stepped surface of the flange support, and the upper end pushes against the bottom surface of the annular mounting plate. Under the action of the high-frequency excitation force generated by the pneumatic eccentric vibrator, it undergoes periodic compression and release, transmitting and amplifying the excitation force to the support frame and dust collector bag. The elastic characteristics of the elastic support components are set so that the maximum amplitude of the annular mounting plate under the action of continuous excitation force and elastic support components does not exceed the preset height of the flange support.

5. The pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned bag filter dust collection chambers is equipped with a pressure monitoring device for monitoring the pressure difference across the bag filter. The detection points are respectively located in the upstream inlet air chamber and the downstream outlet air chamber of the bag filter. Each upper cylinder has a pneumatic butterfly valve at the airflow outlet for controlling the airflow state of the bag filter dust collection chamber. The pressure monitoring device, the pneumatic butterfly valve, and the pneumatic eccentric vibrator form a linkage control mechanism. When the pressure difference across the bag filter dust collection chamber reaches the preset dust removal threshold, the corresponding pneumatic butterfly valve automatically closes to isolate the airflow channel. At the same time, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator in the chamber is started to perform dust removal. After dust removal is completed, the pneumatic eccentric vibrator stops working and the pneumatic butterfly valve is reopened to restore normal filtration.

6. The pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes an external control unit that communicates with each pressure monitoring device, pneumatic butterfly valve, and pneumatic eccentric vibrator. The external control unit has at least a built-in data acquisition module, a dust removal frequency scheduling module, a vibration control module, and a butterfly valve switching timing module. Based on the collected operating parameters such as pressure difference changes in each compartment, airflow velocity, dust concentration, and filter bag usage time, the system adjusts the vibration frequency, intensity, and duration of each pneumatic eccentric vibrator in real time, while coordinating the opening and closing timing and duration of each pneumatic butterfly valve to ensure the optimal execution of the dust removal process.

7. A fluidized bed drying apparatus, characterized in that, The system includes the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal method, based on the pneumatic eccentric vibration bag filter dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It should include at least the following steps: SS1. Start the induced draft fan of the fluidized bed dryer to establish a stable negative pressure environment in the fluidized bed. At the same time, manage and configure an even number of bag filter dust collection chambers in a spatial alternating arrangement. SS2. In the initial state, open all the pneumatic butterfly valves of the first group to put the first group into normal filtration operation, and close the pneumatic butterfly valves corresponding to the bag filter dust chamber of the second group to put the second group into standby state temporarily. SS3. Real-time monitoring of the pressure difference changes before and after the dust collector bags in the first and second bag filter chambers. When the overall average pressure difference value or the pressure difference value of the key monitoring point in the first bag filter chamber that is in operation reaches the preset dust removal trigger threshold, the system identifies that the first group needs to be cleaned. SS4. Seamless switching between group states: First, open all pneumatic butterfly valves in the second group to immediately put the second group into normal filtration operation. Then, close the pneumatic butterfly valves corresponding to the bag filter chamber in the first group to cut off the airflow channel of the first group and create a relatively still airflow environment inside the chamber of the first group. SS5. High-pressure air is supplied synchronously to all pneumatic eccentric vibrators in the first group to generate synchronous periodic eccentric excitation force. At the same time, the negative pressure difference formed in the first group of chambers, combined with the vibration, causes the detached dust to be completely separated from the surface of the filter bag under pressure, and the detached dust falls back into the fluidized bed. SS6. After the first set of dust removal operations is completed, reopen the corresponding pneumatic butterfly valve for the first set, and then start monitoring the pressure difference change of the second set of bag filter dust chambers. When the second set reaches the dust removal threshold, repeat the process of steps SS4 to SS5.

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