Soil aggregate screening device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil aggregate screening device and method. The soil aggregate screening device comprises a movable base, a positioning frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable base, a displacement frame is vertically and slidably connected to one side of the positioning frame, a pushing air cylinder A is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning frame, and a pushing frame is fixedly connected to the output end of the pushing air cylinder A; the sampling assembly is assembled at one end, far away from the positioning frame, of the displacement frame and is used for obtaining a soil sample; the conveying assembly is assembled at the top end of the movable base and used for receiving and conveying the samples of the sampling assembly, and the invention relates to the technical field of soil aggregate treatment. According to the invention, through integral structure cooperation, soil aggregate in a sample can be treated in time on a navigation acquisition site, the integrated design avoids data errors caused by steps of sample transfer, multiple treatment and the like in traditional experimental operation, and the accuracy and efficiency of subsequent experiments are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil aggregate processing, in particular to a soil aggregate screening device and method. Background Art

[0002] Compared to total soil phosphorus, colloidal phosphorus is more likely to be directly washed into water bodies as suspended phosphorus, or to undergo complex biochemical reactions and particle dissociation to become dissolved phosphorus in water. Therefore, research on the source, transformation, and fate of colloidal phosphorus in the drawdown zone under water level fluctuations has important theoretical implications for the protection of reservoir water and ecological environments.

[0003] Soil aggregates possess significant nutrient storage, release, and conversion capacities for themselves and for nutrients, and also possess significant buffering capacity. The nutrient storage and supply functions of different aggregate sizes are primarily determined by the type, form, and quantity of the cementing materials within them. Aggregates smaller than 10 μm exhibit high nutrient storage and strong nutrient absorption and retention capabilities primarily due to the relatively high organic matter content within these small aggregates, which is primarily tightly bound to mineral particles. They also contain high levels of inorganic cementing materials, particularly amorphous iron oxide, which can form highly stable compounds with phosphorus, facilitating phosphorus retention and storage. Larger aggregates, where organic cement primarily binds to mineral particles in a loose state, have lower oxidative stability, and contain less inorganic cement, exhibit higher nutrient availability, particularly impacting phosphorus release. Under conditions of hydraulic disturbance, the structure of soil aggregates is destroyed and dispersed, which may cause the phosphorus stored in them to be released back into the water body. The alternating dry and wet conditions in the drawdown zone also make soil aggregates more likely to change and release phosphorus.

[0004] Currently, before measuring soil aggregates, soil samples must first be screened with a screening device to remove non-soil aggregates in the sample. However, since the screening device in traditional technology is independent of the sampling device, physical and chemical changes may occur during the transportation of the sample between the sampling site and the screening device, making the representative data of soil aggregates prone to deviations.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a soil aggregate screening device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil aggregate screening device and method to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A soil aggregate screening device, comprising: A mobile base, the top of which is fixedly connected to a positioning frame, one side of which is vertically slidably connected to a displacement frame, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a pushing cylinder A, and the output end of which is fixedly connected to the pushing frame; A sampling assembly, which is assembled at one end of the displacement frame away from the positioning frame and is used to obtain soil samples; A conveying assembly, which is assembled on the top of the mobile base and is used to receive and transport the sample from the sampling assembly; A support frame, the support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, and the top of the support frame is equipped with a sample pre-processing component, which is used to process the sample transmitted by the conveying component; The sample screening component is assembled on the top of the mobile base and is used to classify the pretreated soil.

[0008] Preferably, the sampling assembly comprises: A support shaft A, the support shaft A is fixedly connected to one side of the displacement frame, the outer side of the support shaft A is rotatably connected to a guide frame, the bottom of one end of the guide frame is rotatably connected to a sampling cylinder, and the outer side of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to a spiral push piece; A sampling motor, the sampling motor is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame, the output end of the sampling motor is fixedly connected to a sampling spur gear A, the top end of the outer side of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to a sampling spur gear B, and the sampling spur gear B is meshed with the sampling spur gear A; The sample ejection rack is fixedly connected to one end of the guide frame close to the sampling cylinder. The top of the sample ejection rack is fixedly connected to a push cylinder B. The output end of the push cylinder B is fixedly connected to a push plate. The middle part of the sampling cylinder is vertically slidably connected to a displacement rod. The top end of the displacement rod is rotatably connected to the push plate. The end of the displacement rod located inside the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to a sample push piece. The support shaft B is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame, and a carrying shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the displacement frame. The carrying shaft is rotatably connected to the adjusting cylinder A, and the output end of the adjusting cylinder A is also rotatably connected to the outside of the support shaft B.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises: A frame, the frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, one side of the frame is fixedly connected to a lifting cylinder, the interior of the lifting cylinder is rotatably connected to a lifting shaft, and the lifting shaft is fixedly connected to a spiral conveying piece; Reducer A, the reducer A is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting cylinder, and the power output end of the reducer A is fixedly connected to the lifting shaft, the top of the reducer A is fixedly connected to the drive motor A, and the output end of the drive motor A is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer A; A feed pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side of the lifting cylinder, and a sample discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the outer side of the lifting cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the sample screening component comprises: A carrying frame, the carrying frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, four positioning columns are fixedly connected to the middle of the carrying frame, a receiving plate is fixedly connected obliquely between the four positioning columns, the top of each positioning column is fixedly connected to a coil spring, and a carrying plate is fixedly connected obliquely between the tops of the coil springs; A plurality of assembly posts, each of which is fixedly connected to the four end corners of the mounting plate, wherein a threaded section is formed on the outer side of the assembly post, and a positioning piece is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded section; The screening net has four end corners fixedly connected to the locking ears, the middle of the locking ears is provided with a positioning hole, and the locking ears are sleeved on the outside of the assembly column through the positioning hole; A transmission frame, the transmission frame is fixedly connected to the middle part of the mounting plate, the middle part of the transmission frame is fixedly connected to a motor, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to an eccentric plate; A drying component is assembled at one end of the carrying frame and is used for drying the soil aggregates transmitted by the locking ears.

[0011] Preferably, the drying component includes: Two stabilization frames, each of which is fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the carrying frame. The top ends of the two stabilization frames are vertically slidably connected to the carrying frame, and the bottom ends of the inner sides of the stabilization frames are fixedly connected to the weight sensor A; A drying box, the drying box being fixedly connected between the tops of the two supporting frames, the bottom end of the interior of the drying box being fixedly connected to a temperature conducting shaft, the interior of the temperature conducting shaft being fixedly connected to an electric heating wire; A soil-turning shaft rod, which is rotatably connected to the outside of the temperature-conducting shaft rod, and a plurality of soil-turning plates are fixedly connected to the outside of the soil-turning shaft rod. A soil-turning motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the drying box, and the output end of the soil-turning motor is fixedly connected to a soil-turning spur gear A. One end of the soil-turning shaft rod is fixedly connected to a soil-turning spur gear B, and the soil-turning spur gear B is meshed with the soil-turning spur gear A.

[0012] Preferably, the sample pre-processing component includes: A positioning plate, the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, both ends of the positioning plate are vertically slidably connected to the loading frame, a pretreatment tank is fixedly connected between the two loading frames, and the end of the sample discharge pipe away from the lifting cylinder is connected to the pretreatment tank; A stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is vertically connected to the middle part of the pretreatment tank, the top of the pretreatment tank is fixedly connected to a reducer B, and the power output end of the reducer B is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft, the top of the reducer B is fixedly connected to a drive motor B, and the output end of the drive motor B is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer B; Two measuring frames, the two measuring frames are fixedly connected to the bottom of both ends of the positioning plate, and the measuring frames are fixedly connected to weight sensors B; An external lead pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pretreatment tank, and one end of the external lead pipe away from the pretreatment tank is bent toward the screening net. A solenoid valve is provided on the outside of the external lead pipe, and a guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outside of the pretreatment tank.

[0013] Preferably, a photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the mobile base in an inclined manner, and a battery for storing electrical energy of the photovoltaic panel is provided at the end of the mobile base close to the photovoltaic panel.

[0014] Preferably, a linear guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the inner side of the sample ejection rack, and the pushing plate is also slidably connected to the outer side of the linear guide rod.

[0015] Preferably, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe, and a filter is fixedly connected to the inside of the feed hopper.

[0016] A soil aggregate screening method, comprising the following steps: In the first step, the mobile base is deployed in the sampling area and soil samples are collected by pushing cylinder A; In the second step, the soil sample is received by the conveying component and transferred to the sample pretreatment component for preliminary mixing treatment; The third step is to discharge the sample processed by the sample pretreatment component to the sample screening component to screen and weigh the soil; The fourth step is to receive the sieved soil aggregates through the drying component and dry them.

[0017] Beneficial effects The present invention provides a soil aggregate screening device and method. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: The soil aggregate screening device and method, through the coordinated overall structure, can promptly process soil aggregates in samples at the soil acquisition site. This integrated design avoids data errors caused by steps such as sample transfer and multiple processing in traditional experimental operations, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of subsequent experiments.

[0018] This soil aggregate screening device and method, through the structural characteristics of the sample screening component, can directly perform heating and drying processing while screening soil aggregates, and obtain specific weight data of the aggregates in real time. In addition, the device has a simple structure and convenient operation, and can flexibly adjust the spatiotemporal distribution of monitoring according to measurement requirements. It has low cost and high promotion prospects, and is particularly suitable for field and laboratory research in fields such as soil science, ecology, and environmental science. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push cylinder A of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the lock ear of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the separation structure of the carrier plate and the screening net of the present invention; Figure 8 This invention Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure at A in FIG; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying box of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the temperature conducting shaft and the soil turning shaft of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pretreatment tank of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the suction filter pump of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the suction filter cartridge of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure, 1. movable base; 2. positioning frame; 3. displacement frame; 4. push cylinder A; 5. push frame; 6. sampling assembly; 7. conveying assembly; 8. support frame; 9. sample pretreatment assembly; 10. sample screening assembly; 11. filtration assembly; 12. measuring instrument body; 13. support shaft A; 14. guide frame; 15. sampling cylinder; 16. spiral push piece; 17. sampling motor; 18. sampling spur gear A; 19. sampling spur gear B; 20. sample ejection frame; 21. push cylinder B; 22. Push plate; 23. Displacement rod; 24. Sample pusher; 25. Support shaft B; 26. Carrying shaft; 27. Adjusting cylinder A; 28. Frame; 29. ​​Lifting cylinder; 30. Lifting shaft; 31. Screw conveyor; 32. Reducer A; 33. Drive motor A; 34. Feed pipe; 35. Feed hopper; 36. Sample discharge pipe; 37. Carrying rack; 38. Positioning column; 39. Receiver plate; 40. Coil spring; 41. Carrying plate; 42. Assembly column; 43. Threaded segment; 44. Positioning piece; 45 , screening net; 46, matching lock ear; 47, transmission frame; 48, motor; 49, eccentric plate; 50, drying assembly; 51, stabilizing frame; 52, carrying frame; 53, weight sensor A; 54, drying box; 55, temperature conducting shaft; 56, electric heating wire; 57, soil turning shaft; 58, soil turning piece; 59, soil turning motor; 60, soil turning spur gear A; 61, soil turning spur gear B; 62, bracket; 63, filter cartridge; 64, carrying plate; 65, filter membrane body; 66, plugging cover; 67, positioning Ear; 68. Load-bearing ear; 69. Push cylinder C; 70. Pressure sensor; 71. pH sensor; 72. Visual sensor; 73. Filtration pump; 74. Transmission pipe; 75. Flow meter; 76. Transmission pipe; 77. Photovoltaic panel; 78. Battery; 79. Positioning plate; 80. Loading rack; 81. Pretreatment tank; 82. Stirring shaft; 83. Reducer B; 84. Drive motor B; 85. Measuring rack; 86. Weight sensor B; 87. External pipe; 88. Solenoid valve; 89. Flow guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: See also Figure 1-13 , a soil aggregate screening device, comprising: A mobile base 1, the top of which is fixedly connected to a positioning frame 2, one side of which is vertically slidably connected to a displacement frame 3, the bottom end of the positioning frame 2 is fixedly connected to a pushing cylinder A4, and the output end of the pushing cylinder A4 is fixedly connected to a pushing frame 5; A sampling assembly 6 is mounted on an end of the displacement frame 3 away from the positioning frame 2 and is used to obtain soil samples; The conveying assembly 7 is assembled on the top of the mobile base 1 and is used to receive the sample from the sampling assembly 6 and transport it; The support frame 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base 1. The top of the support frame 8 is equipped with a sample pre-processing component 9, which is used to process the sample transmitted by the conveying component 7; The sample screening component 10 and the sample pre-processing component 9 are assembled on the top of the mobile base 1 and are used to classify the pre-processed soil; In this embodiment, in order to enable the whole to move, the four end corners of the mobile base 1 are provided with mobile wheels, which can be quickly deployed in different research areas without being restricted by geographical location, facilitating sampling under diverse environmental conditions and adapting to different terrains and landforms, such as mountains, plains, wetlands, etc., ensuring the continuity and comprehensiveness of research work, reducing the time and labor intensity of sample transfer, and improving sampling efficiency. This is particularly advantageous when sampling large areas or remote areas. At the same time, soil sampling and preliminary processing can be carried out directly on site, reducing physical and chemical changes that may occur during sample transportation, and ensuring the originality and representativeness of the samples. In this embodiment, a photovoltaic panel 77 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the mobile base 1 at an angle. A battery 78 for storing electricity from the photovoltaic panel 77 is provided at the end of the mobile base 1 near the photovoltaic panel 77. The battery 78 is a rechargeable lithium battery pack with a capacity of 12V / 20A, and a battery life of up to 4 hours. A carrying box is fixedly connected to the end of the mobile base 1 near the photovoltaic panel 77. The battery 78 is assembled inside the carrying box, and the carrying box may be provided with a heat dissipation window. In this embodiment, the sampling assembly 6 includes: Support shaft A13, support shaft A13 is fixedly connected to one side of displacement frame 3, the outer side of support shaft A13 is rotatably connected to guide frame 14, the bottom of one end of guide frame 14 is rotatably connected to sampling cylinder 15, and the outer side of sampling cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to spiral push piece 16; The sampling motor 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame 14. The output end of the sampling motor 17 is fixedly connected to the sampling spur gear A18. The top end of the outer side of the sampling cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the sampling spur gear B19, and the sampling spur gear B19 is meshed with the sampling spur gear A18. The sample ejection rack 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide frame 14 near the sampling tube 15. The top of the sample ejection rack 20 is fixedly connected to a push cylinder B21, and the output end of the push cylinder B21 is fixedly connected to a push plate 22. The middle part of the sampling tube 15 is vertically slidably connected to a displacement rod 23. The top end of the displacement rod 23 is rotatably connected to the push plate 22. The end of the displacement rod 23 located inside the sampling tube 15 is fixedly connected to a sample push piece 24. Support shaft B25, support shaft B25 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame 14, and one side of the displacement frame 3 is fixedly connected to a carrying shaft 26, and an adjusting cylinder A27 is rotatably connected to the carrying shaft 26, and the output end of the adjusting cylinder A27 is also rotatably connected to the outer side of the support shaft B25; In this embodiment, a linear guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the inner side of the sample ejection rack 20, and the push plate 22 is also slidably connected to the outer side of the linear guide rod. The arrangement of the linear guide rod can stably guide the displacement of the push plate 22, thereby preventing the push plate 22 from uncontrollable shaking between the push cylinder B21 and the displacement rod 23. At the same time, a bearing hole is provided at one end of the push plate 22, and the top end of the displacement rod 23 is connected to the inside of the bearing hole through a ball bearing. In this embodiment, the conveying assembly 7 includes: The frame 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base 1. A lifting cylinder 29 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame 28. A lifting shaft 30 is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder 29. A spiral conveying piece 31 is fixedly connected to the lifting shaft 30. Reducer A32, reducer A32 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting cylinder 29, and the power output end of the reducer A32 is fixedly connected to the lifting shaft 30, the top of the reducer A32 is fixedly connected to the drive motor A33, and the output end of the drive motor A33 is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer A32; The feed pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outer side of the lifting cylinder 29, and the top end of the outer side of the lifting cylinder 29 is fixedly connected to the sample discharge pipe 36; In this embodiment, a feed hopper 35 is fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe 34, and a filter is fixedly connected to the interior of the feed hopper 35. The feed hopper 35 can receive a larger range of soil samples discharged from the sampling cylinder 15, and the filter can block large particles in the sample and prevent them from entering the lifting cylinder 29. In this embodiment, the sample screening assembly 10 includes: The mounting frame 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base 1. Four positioning posts 38 are fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting frame 37. A receiving plate 39 is fixedly connected at an angle between the four positioning posts 38. The top of each positioning post 38 is fixedly connected to a coil spring 40. A mounting plate 41 is fixedly connected at an angle between the tops of the coil springs 40. Multiple assembly posts 42 are fixedly connected to the four end corners of the mounting plate 41. The outer side of the assembly posts 42 is provided with a threaded section 43, and the outer side of the threaded section 43 is threadedly connected to a positioning piece 44; The screening net 45 has four end corners fixedly connected to the locking ears 46. The middle of the locking ears 46 has a positioning hole, and the locking ears 46 are sleeved on the outside of the assembly column 42 through the positioning hole. A transmission frame 47 is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting plate 41. A motor 48 is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission frame 47. An eccentric plate 49 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 48. A drying assembly 50 is mounted on one end of the mounting frame 37 and is used to dry the soil aggregates transferred by the locking lugs 46; In this embodiment, the transmission frame 47 is U-shaped. Through the structural characteristics of the transmission frame 47, the weight of the middle part of the mounting plate 41 can be balanced and the motor 48 can be stably supported. The motor 48 is a variable frequency motor. In this embodiment, the drying assembly 50 includes: Two stabilizing frames 51, the two stabilizing frames 51 are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the carrying frame 37, the tops of the two stabilizing frames 51 are vertically slidably connected to the carrying frame 52, and the bottom ends of the inner sides of the stabilizing frames 51 are fixedly connected to the weight sensor A53; A drying box 54 is fixedly connected between the tops of the two carrier frames 52. A temperature conducting shaft 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drying box 54. An electric heating wire 56 is fixedly connected to the interior of the temperature conducting shaft 55. A soil turning shaft 57 is rotatably connected to the outside of the temperature conducting shaft 55. A plurality of soil turning blades 58 are fixedly connected to the outside of the soil turning shaft 57. A soil turning motor 59 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the drying box 54. The output end of the soil turning motor 59 is fixedly connected to a soil turning spur gear A60. One end of the soil turning shaft 57 is fixedly connected to a soil turning spur gear B61, and the soil turning spur gear B61 is meshed with the soil turning spur gear A60. In this embodiment, a plurality of discharge pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drying box 54 in an inclined manner, and each discharge pipe is provided with a valve; In this embodiment, in order to obtain temperature data inside the drying box 54, a temperature sensor is provided inside the drying box 54; In this embodiment, the weight sensor A53 is a high-precision electronic scale, and the data transmission interface transmits the weighing data to the control system via wireless or wired means. In this embodiment, the sample pre-processing component 9 includes: Positioning plate 79, the positioning plate 79 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 8, and both ends of the positioning plate 79 are vertically slidably connected to the loading frame 80, and a pretreatment tank 81 is fixedly connected between the two loading frames 80, and the end of the sample discharge tube 36 away from the lifting cylinder 29 is connected to the pretreatment tank 81; The stirring shaft 82 is vertically connected to the middle of the pretreatment tank 81. The top of the pretreatment tank 81 is fixedly connected to a reducer B83, and the power output end of the reducer B83 is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 82. The top of the reducer B83 is fixedly connected to a drive motor B84, and the output end of the drive motor B84 is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer B83. Two measuring frames 85, the two measuring frames 85 are fixedly connected to the bottom of both ends of the positioning plate 79, and the measuring frames 85 are fixedly connected to the weight sensors B86; An external lead pipe 87 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pretreatment tank 81, and the end of the external lead pipe 87 away from the pretreatment tank 81 is bent toward the screening net 45. A solenoid valve 88 is provided on the outside of the external lead pipe 87, and a guide pipe 89 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outside of the pretreatment tank 81; In this embodiment, in order to obtain humidity data inside the pre-treatment tank 81, a humidity sensor is provided inside the pre-treatment tank 81; In this embodiment, a fine barrier net is provided at the guide tube 89, which can block the soil sample without affecting the liquid transmission; Example 2: See also Figure 2-5 This embodiment provides a soil aggregate screening method based on the first embodiment, and the steps are as follows: In the first step, the mobile base 1 is deployed in the sampling area and soil samples are collected by pushing the cylinder A4; More specifically, push the mobile base 1 to make it travel in the sampling area. After reaching the sampling area, start the pushing cylinder A4 to pull down the pushing frame 5. In this embodiment, the pushing frame 5 is in a "C" shape. When the top end of the pushing frame 5 contacts the displacement frame 3, with the continuous displacement of the pushing frame 5, it can drive the displacement frame 3 to move downward, prompting the sampling cylinder 15 to reach the ground surface. At the same time, start the sampling motor 17 to prompt the sampling spur gear A18 to拨动 the sampling spur gear B19, and then drive the sampling cylinder 15 to rotate. With the setting of the spiral pushing piece 16, it can provide the power for the sampling cylinder 15 to screw into the ground surface. At the same time, when the sampling cylinder 15 idles on the ground, the pushing frame 5 can be started to press the displacement frame 3 to provide a downward pressure for the sampling cylinder 15. The soil samples collected by the sampling cylinder 15 will be concentrated inside the sampling cylinder 15; Subsequently, start the pushing cylinder A4 to push the sampling cylinder 15 out of the ground and adjust it above the feed pipe 34. Then start the adjusting cylinder A27 to push the adjusting cylinder A27. Since the support shaft rod B25 is supported by the guiding frame 14, it can drive the guiding frame 14 to rotate under the support of the support shaft rod A13, thereby带动 the sampling cylinder 15 to tilt, making the bottom end of the sampling cylinder 15 face the feed pipe 34; Start the pushing cylinder B21 to push the pushing plate 22 to move downward.配合 the connection between the pushing plate 22 and the displacement rod 23, it can change the position of the sample pushing piece 24 inside the sampling cylinder 15, thereby pushing the sample out of the sampling cylinder 15. And through the adjustable position characteristic of the sample pushing piece 24, it can effectively control the sample storage space inside the sampling cylinder 15; In the second step,承接 the soil samples through the conveying component 7 and传输 the samples to the inside of the sample pretreatment component 9 for preliminary mixing treatment of the samples; More specifically, the soil samples承接 by the feed pipe 34 will be sent to the lifting cylinder 29. At the same time, start the driving motor A33 to借助 the speed reducer A32 to传递 the power of the driving motor A33, prompting the lifting shaft rod 30 to带动 the spiral conveying piece 31 to rotate. Under the structural characteristics of the spiral conveying piece 31, the spiral conveying piece 31 can lift the soil samples upward and finally inject them into the inside of the pretreatment tank 81 through the sample discharging pipe 36. At the same time, the weight of the samples will be获取 by the contact between the loading frame 80 and the weight sensor B86, thereby ensuring the purity of the samples and preventing them from being polluted by the external environment; Subsequently, start the driving motor B84 to借助 the speed reducer B83 to传递 the power of the driving motor B84 to the stirring shaft rod 82, prompting the stirring shaft rod 82 to stir the soil samples inside the pretreatment tank 81 for pre-mixing; In the third step, discharge the samples processed by the sample pretreatment component 9 to the sample screening component 10 for screening and weighing of the soil; More specifically, the electromagnetic valve 88 is used to release the seal on the external lead pipe 87, so that the soil inside the pretreatment tank 81 is sent to the top of the screening net 45 through the external lead pipe 87. At the same time, the motor 48 is started to drive the eccentric plate 49 to rotate. Combined with the structural characteristics of the eccentric plate 49, the carrying plate 41 can drive the screening net 45 to continuously shake under the support of the coil spring 40, thereby forming a screening of the soil. Non-soil aggregates will be screened out through the locking ears 46 and transferred to the end thereof through the receiving plate 39. The soil aggregates will be sent to the interior of the drying box 54 along the slope of the screening mesh 45. The positioning piece 44 can be rotated. Under the connection between the positioning piece 44 and the threaded section 43, the positioning piece 44 can be screwed out of the threaded section 43, thereby releasing the restriction on the threaded section 43. Then, the screening mesh 45 can be lifted up and removed from the assembly column 42 to realize the disassembly of the screening mesh 45. Then, the screening mesh 45 with the corresponding aperture can be replaced according to the specifications of the soil aggregates. In the fourth step, the drying assembly 50 receives the sieved soil aggregates and dries them; In more detail, the weight of the soil aggregates entering the drying box 54 will be detected by the weight sensor A53, and then the turning motor 59 will be started to prompt the turning spur gear A60 to turn the turning spur gear B61, thereby driving the turning shaft 57 to rotate under the support of the temperature conducting shaft 55, thereby turning the soil aggregates in the drying box 54 through the turning piece 58, and at the same time starting the electric heating wire 56. The heat generated by the electric heating wire 56 during operation will be introduced into the drying box 54 through the turning shaft 57 and the turning piece 58, so as to dry the soil aggregates.

[0023] Example 3: See also Figure 1 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 This embodiment further provides a colloidal phosphorus determination system based on the first and second embodiments: The colloidal phosphorus determination system includes: The filtration component 11 is assembled on the top of the support frame 8 and is used to process the water sample in the soil sample; The measuring instrument body 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support frame 8 and is used to measure the colloidal phosphorus in the water sample after filtration; In this embodiment, the filtration assembly 11 includes: Bracket 62, bracket 62 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 8, one end of the bracket 62 is fixedly connected to the suction filter cartridge 63, and the end of the guide tube 89 away from the pretreatment tank 81 is connected to the top of the outer side of the suction filter cartridge 63, the interior of the suction filter cartridge 63 is fixedly connected to a supporting plate 64, and the supporting plate 64 has a plurality of through holes, and the upper part of the supporting plate 64 carries a filter membrane body 65; The blocking cover 66 is connected to the top of the filter cartridge 63 via a rotating shaft. A positioning ear 67 is fixedly connected to the top of the blocking cover 66. A bearing ear 68 is fixedly connected to the outside of the filter cartridge 63. One end of the bearing ear 68 is rotatably connected to a push cylinder C69, and the output end of the push cylinder C69 is rotatably connected to the positioning ear 67. The suction pump 73 is fixedly connected to the support frame 8. The input end of the suction pump 73 is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe 74, and the end of the transmission pipe 74 away from the suction pump 73 is connected to the bottom end of the suction filter cartridge 63. The suction pump 73 is provided with a flow meter 75. The output end of the suction pump 73 is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe 76, and the end of the transmission pipe 76 away from the suction pump 73 is connected to the water sample inlet of the measuring instrument body 12. In this embodiment, the suction filter cartridge 63 is provided with a pressure sensor 70, a pH sensor 71, a visual sensor 72 and a conductivity sensor for real-time detection of the internal state of the suction filter cartridge 63; In this embodiment, the water in the soil in the pretreatment tank 81 is injected into the interior of the filtration cartridge 63 through the flow guide tube 89. The filtration pump 73 is then activated to filter the water sample entering the filtration cartridge 63. After passing through the filter membrane body 65 and the carrier plate 64, the water sample is finally injected into the measuring instrument body 12 through the transfer tube 76. The colloidal phosphorus in the water sample is then determined by the measuring instrument body 12. Subsequently, the push cylinder C69 can be activated to push the positioning ear 67. Since the positioning ear 67 is supported by the blocking cover 66, it can drive the blocking cover 66 to flip under the support of the rotating shaft, thereby releasing the blockage on the top of the suction filter cartridge 63. Then, the filter membrane body 65 can be removed from the suction filter cartridge 63 and replaced. In summary, the present invention can perform measurements in the actual environment in which the soil is located, avoiding the physical and chemical changes that may occur during sample collection, transportation, and storage, thereby obtaining more timely and representative data. By simultaneously performing soil aggregate screening and colloidal phosphorus determination, this integrated process not only saves processing time, but also simplifies the experimental operation steps, avoiding the errors caused by sample transfer and multiple processing in traditional methods.

[0024] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0025] The combination of Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 also includes a control system, wherein the control system uses a microcontroller or PLC as the core control unit of the system to coordinate the operation of each sub-electronic control element. It has a touch screen interface and a data processing unit, providing a user-friendly operation interface. The data processing unit can process and analyze data in real time to generate a screening report of soil aggregates.

[0026] The machine learning algorithm in the Data Analysis and Optimization module combines historical data to optimize the screening process, such as automatically determining the optimal oscillation time and amplitude. It also stores data from previous screenings to provide training data for the machine learning algorithm. Based on the data analysis results, it automatically adjusts screening parameters to improve screening efficiency and accuracy.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil aggregate screening device, characterized in that: include: A movable base (1), wherein the top end of the movable base (1) is fixedly connected to a positioning frame (2), one side of the positioning frame (2) is vertically slidably connected to a displacement frame (3), the bottom end of the positioning frame (2) is fixedly connected to a pushing cylinder A (4), and the output end of the pushing cylinder A (4) is fixedly connected to a pushing frame (5); A sampling assembly (6), the sampling assembly (6) being assembled on an end of the displacement frame (3) away from the positioning frame (2) and being used for obtaining soil samples; A conveying assembly (7), the conveying assembly (7) being assembled on the top of the mobile base (1) and used for receiving and conveying the sample from the sampling assembly (6); A support frame (8), the support frame (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base (1), and the top of the support frame (8) is equipped with a sample pre-processing component (9), and the sample pre-processing component (9) is used to process the sample transmitted by the conveying component (7); The sample screening component (10) is assembled on the top of the mobile base (1) and is used to classify the pre-treated soil.

2. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly (6) comprises: A supporting shaft A (13), the supporting shaft A (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the displacement frame (3), the outer side of the supporting shaft A (13) is rotatably connected to a guide frame (14), the bottom of one end of the guide frame (14) is rotatably connected to a sampling tube (15), and the outer side of the sampling tube (15) is fixedly connected to a spiral push piece (16); A sampling motor (17), wherein the sampling motor (17) is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide frame (14), the output end of the sampling motor (17) is fixedly connected to a sampling spur gear A (18), the top end of the outer side of the sampling cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to a sampling spur gear B (19), and the sampling spur gear B (19) is meshed with the sampling spur gear A (18); A sample ejection rack (20), the sample ejection rack (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rack (14) close to the sampling barrel (15), the top end of the sample ejection rack (20) is fixedly connected to a push cylinder B (21), the output end of the push cylinder B (21) is fixedly connected to a push plate (22), the middle part of the sampling barrel (15) is vertically slidably connected to a displacement rod (23), the top end of the displacement rod (23) is rotatably connected to the push plate (22), and the end of the displacement rod (23) located inside the sampling barrel (15) is fixedly connected to a sample push piece (24); A supporting shaft B (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame (14), and a carrying shaft (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the displacement frame (3). An adjusting cylinder A (27) is rotatably connected to the carrying shaft (26), and an output end of the adjusting cylinder A (27) is also rotatably connected to the outside of the supporting shaft B (25).

3. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (7) comprises: A frame (28), the frame (28) is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base (1), one side of the frame (28) is fixedly connected to a lifting cylinder (29), the interior of the lifting cylinder (29) is rotatably connected to a lifting shaft (30), and a spiral conveying piece (31) is fixedly connected to the lifting shaft (30); A reducer A (32), wherein the reducer A (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting cylinder (29), and the power output end of the reducer A (32) is fixedly connected to the lifting shaft (30), the top of the reducer A (32) is fixedly connected to a drive motor A (33), and the output end of the drive motor A (33) is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer A (32); A feed pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outside of the lifting cylinder (29), and a sample discharge pipe (36) is fixedly connected to the top end of the outside of the lifting cylinder (29).

4. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample screening assembly (10) comprises: A carrying frame (37), the carrying frame (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base (1), four positioning columns (38) are fixedly connected to the middle of the carrying frame (37), a receiving plate (39) is fixedly connected obliquely between the four positioning columns (38), the top of each positioning column (38) is fixedly connected to a coil spring (40), and a carrying plate (41) is fixedly connected obliquely between the tops of the coil springs (40); A plurality of assembly columns (42), wherein the plurality of assembly columns (42) are respectively fixedly connected to the four end corners of the mounting plate (41), a threaded section (43) is provided on the outer side of the assembly column (42), and a positioning piece (44) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the threaded section (43); A screening net (45), wherein the four end corners of the screening net (45) are fixedly connected with locking ears (46), a positioning hole is opened in the middle of the locking ears (46), and the locking ears (46) are sleeved on the outside of the assembly column (42) through the positioning hole; A transmission frame (47), the transmission frame (47) is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting plate (41), the middle of the transmission frame (47) is fixedly connected to a motor (48), and the output end of the motor (48) is fixedly connected to an eccentric plate (49); A drying assembly (50) is mounted on one end of the carrying frame (37) and is used to dry the soil aggregates transported by the locking lug (46).

5. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drying component (50) comprises: Two stabilizing frames (51), the two stabilizing frames (51) are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the carrying frame (37), the top ends of the two stabilizing frames (51) are vertically slidably connected to the carrying frame (52), and the bottom ends of the inner sides of the stabilizing frames (51) are fixedly connected to the weight sensor A (53); A drying box (54), the drying box (54) being fixedly connected between the tops of the two carrier frames (52), a temperature conducting shaft (55) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the interior of the drying box (54), and an electric heating wire (56) being fixedly connected to the interior of the temperature conducting shaft (55); A soil turning shaft (57) is rotatably connected to the outside of the temperature conducting shaft (55), and a plurality of soil turning pieces (58) are fixedly connected to the outside of the soil turning shaft (57). A soil turning motor (59) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the drying box (54), and an output end of the soil turning motor (59) is fixedly connected to a soil turning spur gear A (60). One end of the soil turning shaft (57) is fixedly connected to a soil turning spur gear B (61), and the soil turning spur gear B (61) is meshed with the soil turning spur gear A (60).

6. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample pre-processing component (9) comprises: A positioning plate (79), the positioning plate (79) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (8), both ends of the positioning plate (79) are vertically slidably connected to the loading frames (80), a pretreatment tank (81) is fixedly connected between the two loading frames (80), and the end of the sample discharge tube (36) away from the lifting cylinder (29) is connected to the pretreatment tank (81); A stirring shaft (82), the stirring shaft (82) is vertically rotatably connected to the middle of the pretreatment tank (81), the top of the pretreatment tank (81) is fixedly connected to a reducer B (83), and the power output end of the reducer B (83) is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (82), the top of the reducer B (83) is fixedly connected to a drive motor B (84), and the output end of the drive motor B (84) is fixedly connected to the power input end of the reducer B (83); Two measuring frames (85), the two measuring frames (85) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of both ends of the positioning plate (79), and the measuring frames (85) are fixedly connected to weight sensors B (86); An external lead pipe (87) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pretreatment tank (81), and one end of the external lead pipe (87) away from the pretreatment tank (81) is bent toward the screening net (45), an electromagnetic valve (88) is provided on the outside of the external lead pipe (87), and a guide pipe (89) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the outside of the pretreatment tank (81).

7. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photovoltaic panel (77) is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the mobile base (1) in an inclined manner, and a battery (78) for storing electrical energy of the photovoltaic panel (77) is provided at one end of the mobile base (1) close to the photovoltaic panel (77).

8. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A linear guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the inner side of the sample ejection rack (20), and the pushing plate (22) is also slidably connected to the outer side of the linear guide rod.

9. The soil aggregate screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the feed pipe (34) is fixedly connected to a feed hopper (35), and the interior of the feed hopper (35) is fixedly connected to a filter screen.

10. A soil aggregate screening method, characterized in that: Here are the steps: In the first step, the mobile base (1) is deployed in the sampling area and soil samples are collected by pushing the cylinder A (4); In the second step, the soil sample is received by the conveying component (7) and transported to the interior of the sample pretreatment component (9) for preliminary mixing treatment of the sample; The third step is to discharge the sample processed by the sample pre-processing component (9) to the sample screening component (10) to screen and weigh the soil; In the fourth step, the drying component (50) receives the sieved soil aggregates and dries them.

Images