A clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts

Abstract

The application discloses a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal pieces and relates to the technical field of flexible clamps, which comprises at least one positioning unit arranged at intervals along the clamping direction of a workpiece, a clamping driving unit connected with the positioning unit and used for driving the positioning unit to move to the side of the workpiece to realize clamping, the positioning unit is provided with a positioning column which can be self-adaptively telescopic along the contour of the workpiece and an adjusting rod used for locking the telescopic state of the positioning column, and the clamping driving unit comprises a U-shaped seat, a U-shaped frame connected with the positioning unit and a linear driving piece used for driving the U-shaped frame to move along the direction close to or away from the workpiece. The clamping mechanism is convenient to operate and low in manufacturing cost, can be applied to the effective clamping of different metal pieces, is reliable in structure and good in use performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flexible clamps, in particular to a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the production process of metal parts, processing techniques such as polishing, drilling, and engraving may be involved. During the operation of the above processing techniques, a clamping mechanism is needed to clamp and fix the metal parts. When facing the processing of special-shaped metal parts, the traditional clamping mechanism is difficult to effectively clamp, and even when facing relatively thin special-shaped metal parts, the existing clamping mechanism can cause damage to the metal parts during clamping. Therefore, when facing the processing and clamping of the above special-shaped metal parts, a flexible clamp is often selected.

[0003] For example, the existing public document CN222857732U - a flexible clamp and the existing public document CN113319886A - a flexible clamp both disclose a flexible clamp for clamping. Although the above flexible clamp can effectively clamp special-shaped metal parts, the flexible clamp still has the following shortcomings in actual use:

[0004] 1. The telescopic rod in the existing clamping mechanism mainly changes the pressure inside the inner chamber by changing the volume of the liquid oil or gas in the inner chamber, and then the telescopic rod adjusts the extension and retraction according to the shape of the metal part to effectively clamp the metal part. This clamping mechanism requires high sealing performance, has high cost in production and preparation, and the overall operation is complex.

[0005] 2. The clamping area of the existing clamping mechanism is fixed and cannot be changed, which leads to the following shortcomings when facing different special-shaped metal parts: the existing clamping mechanism cannot fully clamp or excessively clamps, thereby affecting the subsequent processing operation. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts, comprising at least one positioning unit arranged at intervals along the clamping direction of the workpiece, a clamping driving unit connected with the positioning unit and used to drive the positioning unit to move to the side of the workpiece to realize clamping, the positioning unit has a positioning column that can self-adaptively extend and retract along the contour of the workpiece, and an adjusting rod for locking the extension and retraction state of the positioning column.

[0008] The clamping driving unit comprises a U-shaped seat, a U-shaped frame connected with the positioning unit, and a linear driving piece for driving the U-shaped frame to move in the direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes an outer protective box, the positioning column and the adjusting rod;

[0010] The outer protective box is provided with at least one positioning column at intervals along the vertical direction, and a first elastic reset member is provided in the positioning column. One end of the first elastic reset member is connected to the positioning column and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box to drive the positioning column to elastically extend and retract in the direction close to the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, a convex groove with an open rear end is provided in the positioning column, the first elastic reset member is located in the convex groove, a T-shaped rod is fixed to the inner wall of the outer protective box, the T-shaped rod slides through the convex groove and abuts against the end of the first elastic reset member away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column to reset through the elastic force of the first elastic reset member.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of slots are provided on the side wall of the positioning column at intervals along the telescopic direction, and a clamping portion adapted to the slots is provided on a side of the adjustment rod close to the positioning column;

[0013] The adjusting rod is movably connected to the outer protective box, and the clamping portion is engaged with or separated from the clamping slot by moving the adjusting rod, so as to achieve locking or unlocking of the telescopic state of the positioning column.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal cross-section of the card slot is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid faces the side of the adjustment rod, and the distance between adjacent card slots is ≤1mm;

[0015] The clamping portion is a rectangular clamping block adapted to the clamping slot, and rectangular clamping blocks corresponding to the number of the positioning posts are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the same adjusting rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjusting rods are respectively located on both sides of the positioning column, and the tops of the adjusting rods are fixedly connected to the same connecting block.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjusting rod is connected to an automatic driving member, which includes an electromagnetic block provided on the top of the outer protective box, a guide column passing through the connecting block on the top of the adjusting rod, and a second elastic reset member sleeved on the guide column;

[0018] The electromagnetic block is located below the connecting block. When power is on, it attracts the connecting block and drives the adjusting rod to move downward so that the clamping part is engaged with the clamping slot. When power is off, the second elastic reset member drives the adjusting rod to move upward so that the clamping part is separated from the clamping slot.

[0019] Furthermore, in the clamping drive unit, the opening of the U-shaped seat faces the workpiece, the U-shaped frame is adapted to the U-shaped seat, and a sliding guide structure is provided between both ends of the U-shaped frame and the U-shaped seat;

[0020] The sliding guide structure comprises a sliding block arranged at the end of the U-shaped frame and a sliding groove arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat and extending in the direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece, and the sliding block and the sliding groove are in clearance fit to realize guiding.

[0021] Further, the plurality of positioning units are connected through a spacing adjustment assembly, the spacing adjustment assembly comprises a guide rod and a rectangular rod connected with the U-shaped frame of the clamping driving unit, a linkage block penetrating the guide rod and the rectangular rod, and a locking piece for locking the position of the linkage block, the linkage block is fixedly connected with the outer cover box of the positioning unit, the spacing of the adjacent positioning units is adjusted by sliding the linkage block, and then fixed by the locking piece.

[0022] Further, the straight line driving part comprises a fixed plate fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat, a screw column screw-coupled with the fixed plate, and a driving part arranged at one end of the screw column, the end of the screw column away from the driving part is rotationally connected with the U-shaped frame, the screw column is rotated by rotating the driving part, so that the U-shaped frame moves along the sliding guide structure.

[0023] The present application has the following advantages: the clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts provided by the present application has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) The structure is reliable, and the use performance is good. The irregular contour (such as curved surface, step, groove and other complex structures) of the special-shaped metal part can be automatically fitted through the telescopic property of the positioning column in the positioning unit, and the problem that the traditional rigid clamp can only clamp regular shapes and cannot adapt to special-shaped surfaces is solved. Meanwhile, a plurality of positioning columns are arrayed in the vertical direction, and each positioning column can be independently telescopic, forming a "multi-point wrapping type" contact, which effectively improves the clamping effect.

[0025] (2) The telescopic state of the elastic positioning part can be accurately locked by the clamping groove and the rectangular clamping block, and combined with the rigid support of the clamping driving unit, displacement of the workpiece caused by vibration or cutting force during processing is avoided.

[0026] (3) By adjusting the number, spacing and telescopic range of the positioning units, special-shaped metal parts of different sizes and shapes can be adapted without the need to customize a special clamp for each workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application Figure One ;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application Figure Two ;

[0029] Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the present application in the front-to-back direction.

[0030] Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the present application in the left-right direction;

[0031] Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the present application in the front-rear direction;

[0032] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the positioning unit in the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is an exploded view of the positioning unit in the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the clamping driving unit in the present application;

[0036] Figures 1 to 9 The reference signs shown in the drawings represent, respectively: 100 - positioning unit, 200 - clamping driving unit, 101 - outer protective box, 101a - box cover, 101a-1 - telescopic hole, 101b - T-shaped rod, 101c - guide column, 101c-1 - second elastic return member, 101d - electromagnetic block, 102 - positioning column, 102a - convex slot, 102b - first elastic return member, 102c - clamping slot, 103 - adjusting rod, 103a - clamping part, 103b - connecting block, 201 - U-shaped seat, 201a - fixed plate, 201b - sliding groove, 201c - mounting hole, 202 - U-shaped frame, 202a - support rod, 202a-1 - sliding block, 202b - rectangular rod, 202b-1 - guide rod, 203 - screw column, 203a - driving part, 204 - linkage block, 204a - connecting plate, 204b-1 - locking member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 , a clamping mechanism for processing of special-shaped metal pieces comprises at least one positioning unit 100 arranged at intervals along the clamping direction of the workpiece, a clamping driving unit 200 connected with the positioning unit 100 and used to drive the positioning unit 100 to move to the side of the workpiece to achieve clamping, the positioning unit 100 has a positioning column 102 that can be self-adapted to expand and contract along the contour of the workpiece, and an adjusting rod 103 used to lock the expansion and contraction state of the positioning column 102.

[0039] According to the size of the metal piece, the positioning unit 100 can be set to multiple, and then meet the need of clamping metal piece. Through the cooperation of positioning unit 100 and clamping drive unit 200, the self-adaptive clamping of special-shaped metal piece is realized. The positioning column 102 as a component in direct contact with the metal piece, its essence is a structure with elastic reset ability, which can automatically adjust the extension length according to the ups and downs of the surface of special-shaped metal piece, and ensure the close fit with the surface of metal piece (even if the surface of metal piece is irregular curved surface, step or groove, the "multi-point wrapping" contact can also be formed through the synergistic effect of multiple positioning columns 102). At the same time, the elastic reset ability can ensure that the metal piece is always subjected to stable extrusion force during clamping, avoiding the gap. The adjusting rod 103 is used to lock the extension state of the positioning column 102 after the positioning column 102 fits the contour of the metal piece, which fixes the "dynamic self-adaptive" state of the positioning column 102 to "static clamping" state, prevents the positioning column 102 from retracting due to vibration or external force during processing, ensures the stable position of the metal piece, and avoids processing error.

[0040] In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 to 8 The positioning unit 100 includes an outer protective box 101, a positioning column 102 and an adjusting rod 103. The front end of the outer protective box 101 is fixedly connected with a box cover 101a by bolts, and a plurality of extension holes 101a-1 for the positioning column 102 to slide through are formed in the box cover 101a in the vertical direction, so as to realize the guidance of the positioning column 102. The outer protective box 101 is spaced apart in the vertical direction and is provided with at least one positioning column 102. The positioning column 102 is provided with a first elastic reset member 102b. One end of the first elastic reset member 102b is connected with the positioning column 102, and the other end is fixed with the inner wall of the outer protective box 101, so as to drive the positioning column 102 to elastically extend in the direction close to the workpiece. Specifically, the first elastic reset member 102b is a reset spring. The positioning column 102 is provided with a convex groove 102a with an open rear end. The first elastic reset member 102b is located in the convex groove 102a. The inner wall of the outer protective box 101 is fixedly provided with a T-shaped rod 101b. The T-shaped rod 101b is slidably arranged in the convex groove 102a and abuts against the end of the first elastic reset member 102b away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column 102 to reset by the elastic force of the first elastic reset member 102b. Under the action of the first elastic reset member 102b, on the one hand, the positioning column 102 can always provide an extrusion force to the special-shaped metal piece, and on the other hand, the automatic reset of the positioning column 102 after clamping is facilitated.

[0041] In this embodiment, the side wall of the positioning column 102 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 102c spaced apart in the telescopic direction, the adjusting rod 103 is provided with a clamping part 103a matched with the clamping groove 102c on the side close to the positioning column 102, the horizontal section of the clamping groove 102c is isosceles trapezoidal, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid faces the side of the adjusting rod 103, the distance between adjacent clamping grooves 102c is ≤1mm, so that the clamping part 103a can be effectively matched in the clamping groove 102c, at the same time, the displacement deviation of the positioning column 102 itself is not too large, and the effective locking can be formed when the positioning column 102 moves ≤1mm, the "micro-step" accurate locking is realized, and the displacement deviation is reduced. The clamping part 103a is a rectangular clamping block matched with the clamping groove 102c, and a plurality of rectangular clamping blocks corresponding to the number of positioning columns 102 are provided on the same adjusting rod 103 in the vertical direction. The cooperation of the isosceles trapezoidal clamping groove 102c and the rectangular clamping block forms a wedge structure with "wide entrance-narrow bottom", and the rectangular clamping block is automatically wedged under the action of axial force after being clamped, avoiding the risk of loosening caused by processing vibration, and the same adjusting rod 103 locks a plurality of positioning columns 102 through a plurality of rectangular clamping blocks, ensuring that the positions of all contact points are fixed at the same time, avoiding the uneven stress caused by single column locking. The inclined surface of the clamping groove 102c guides the rectangular clamping block to smoothly slide in or out, reduces the jamming phenomenon, and reduces the operation resistance.

[0042] In addition, the adjusting rod 103 is movably connected with the outer protective box 101, the clamping part 103a is clamped or separated from the clamping groove 102c by moving the adjusting rod 103, so as to realize the locking or unlocking of the telescopic state of the positioning column 102, when the adjusting rod 103 moves upward, the rectangular clamping block is separated from the clamping groove 102c, and the positioning column 102 is in a free telescopic state; when the adjusting rod 103 moves downward, the rectangular clamping block is clamped into the corresponding clamping groove 102c, and the positioning column 102 is locked.

[0043] Further, the adjusting rod 103 is located on both sides of the positioning column 102, the top of the adjusting rod 103 is fixedly connected with the same connecting block 103b, and the connecting block 103b moves up and down to drive the adjusting rod 103 to move synchronously, so as to realize whether the cooperation between the rectangular clamping block and the clamping groove 102c is released or not, the two adjusting rods 103 on both sides are controlled through the same connecting block 103b, the complex action of "operating the adjusting rods 103 on both sides respectively" can be simplified to the simple action of "operating the connecting block 103b once", and when manually operated, only the connecting block 103b needs to be pressed or pulled, so that the two adjusting rods 103 on both sides can be driven to complete the locking or unlocking at the same time, and the operation steps are reduced.

[0044] In another implementation of the embodiment, in order to reduce the labor intensity of the workers, the adjusting rod 103 is connected with an automatic driving member, through which the limiting effect of the adjusting rod 103 on the positioning column 102 can be automatically realized after the telescopic deformation of the positioning column 102 is completed. Specifically, the automatic driving member includes an electromagnetic block 101d arranged at the top of the outer protective box 101, a guide column 101c penetrating through the connecting block 103b at the top of the adjusting rod 103, and a second elastic reset member 101c-1 sleeved on the guide column 101c. The electromagnetic block 101d is located below the connecting block 103b, and when electrified, it can adsorb the connecting block 103b to drive the adjusting rod 103 to move downward so that the clamping part 103a is clamped in the clamping groove 102c. When de-energized, the second elastic reset member 101c-1 drives the adjusting rod 103 to move upward so that the clamping of the clamping part 103a in the clamping groove 102c is released, thereby realizing the free telescopic movement of the positioning column 102. The second elastic reset member 101c-1 adopts a reset spring. When the telescopic deformation of the positioning column 102 is completed, the electromagnetic block 101d can generate magnetism through electrification. Under the magnetic adsorption effect of the electromagnetic block 101d on the connecting block 103b, the connecting block 103b drives the adjusting rod 103 to move downward, and the rectangular clamping block is fitted in the clamping groove 102c, thereby realizing the limiting of the positioning column 102. When the electromagnetic block 101d is de-energized, the adjusting rod 103 moves upward under the reset effect of the second elastic reset member 101c-1, and the fitting of the rectangular clamping block and the clamping groove 102c is released, thereby realizing the free telescopic movement of the positioning column 102, which is convenient to operate.

[0045] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 The clamping driving unit 200 includes a U-shaped seat 201, a U-shaped frame 202 connected with the positioning unit 100, and a linear driving member driving the U-shaped frame 202 to move along the direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece.

[0046] Specifically, in the clamping driving unit 200, the U-shaped seat 201 is a U-shaped seat 201 with an opening facing the workpiece, and the U-shaped frame 202 is adapted to the U-shaped seat 201. The opening of the U-shaped seat 201 faces the workpiece, which provides sufficient space for the positioning unit 100 to extend to the side of the workpiece, and ensures that the U-shaped frame 202 is balanced under stress. The two ends of the U-shaped frame are connected with the sliding grooves 201b of the U-shaped seat 201 through the sliding blocks 202a-1, so that the driving force of the linear driving member can be uniformly transmitted to the two positioning units 100 through the U-shaped frame, avoiding the deformation of the mechanism caused by unilateral stress. For example, when the screw column 203 pushes the U-shaped frame to move forward, the two sliding blocks 202a-1 synchronously slide along the sliding grooves 201b, ensuring that the positioning unit 100 stably approaches the workpiece as a whole, and the clamping force is uniformly distributed. A plurality of mounting holes 201c are formed in the U-shaped seat 201, so as to facilitate the fixed installation between the U-shaped seat 201 and the operation table.

[0047] The sliding guide structure is rigidly constrained, so that the moving distance of the U-shaped frame and the driving amount (such as the number of rotation of the screw column 203) of the linear driving member form a stable linear corresponding relationship, which facilitates accurate adjustment of the forward moving distance of the positioning unit 100 by controlling the driving amount, and realizes controllability of the clamping force. Specifically, the sliding guide structure includes a sliding block 202a-1 arranged at the end of the U-shaped frame 202 and a sliding groove 201b arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat 201 and extending in the direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece, and the sliding block 202a-1 and the sliding groove 201b are gap-fitted to realize guiding. Specifically, the U-shaped frame 202 includes a U-shaped plate and support rods 202a symmetrically arranged at both ends of the U-shaped plate, and the sliding block 202a-1 is arranged at the bottom of the support rod 202a.

[0048] In the embodiment, in order to facilitate the positioning unit 100 to maintain effective clamping and fixing when facing different special-shaped metal pieces, a plurality of positioning units 100 are connected through a spacing adjustment assembly. Specifically, the spacing adjustment assembly includes a guide rod 202b-1 and a rectangular rod 202b connected with the U-shaped frame 202 of the clamping driving unit 200, a linkage block 204 arranged on the guide rod 202b-1 and the rectangular rod 202b, and a locking piece 204b-1 for locking the position of the linkage block 204. The linkage block 204 is fixedly connected with the outer protective box 101 of the positioning unit 100, the spacing between adjacent positioning units 100 is adjusted by sliding the linkage block 204, and then fixed by the locking piece 204b-1. The end surface of the linkage block 204 close to the positioning unit 100 is provided with a connecting plate 204a, which is detachably connected with the outer protective box 101 through bolts. A rectangular through groove 204b is formed on the linkage block 204 in the left-right direction, the rectangular through grooves 204b of a plurality of linkage blocks 204 are slidably sleeved on the same rectangular rod 202b, and the two ends of the rectangular rod 202b are fixedly connected with the two support rods 202a, respectively. The locking piece 204b-1 is screwedly sleeved on the linkage block 204 at the rear side of the rectangular through groove 204b, and one end of the locking piece 204b-1 abuts against the side wall of the rectangular rod 202b, so as to realize the position locking of the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b.

[0049] When facing different special-shaped metal pieces, the sliding of the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b can be adjusted as needed, and after the sliding adjustment is completed, the cooperation and fixation between the linkage block 204 and the rectangular rod 202b are realized by tightening the locking piece 204b-1, so as to adjust the distance between the two adjacent positioning units 100 according to the size of the special-shaped metal piece, so as to better clamp the metal piece.

[0050] Furthermore, guide rods 202b-1 are symmetrically arranged above and below the rectangular rod 202b, and the two ends of the guide rod 202b-1 are fixedly connected to the two support rods 202a respectively. The linkage block 204 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 202b-1, so that the linkage block 204 can be guided to move limitedly on the rectangular rod 202b.

[0051] In this embodiment, the linear drive member includes a fixed plate 201a fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat 201, a screw column 203 screwedly connected to the fixed plate 201a, and a driving portion 203a provided at one end of the screw column 203. The end of the screw column 203 away from the driving portion 203a is rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 202. By rotating the driving portion 203a, the screw column 203 is driven to rotate, causing the U-shaped frame 202 to move along the sliding guide structure. Specifically, the driving portion 203a is a rotating handle, and a limit plate 203b is provided at the end of the screw column 203 away from the driving portion 203a. A convex hole 202c is provided on one side of the U-shaped frame 202 to provide a clearance fit for the limit plate 203b, thereby achieving limited rotation of the screw column 203. During use, the screw column 203 is rotated by rotating the driving part 203a. Because of the spiral fit between the screw column 203 and the fixing plate 201a, when the screw column 203 rotates, the entire screw column 203 drives the U-shaped frame 202 to move along the axis direction of the screw column 203, and finally realizes the movement of the positioning unit 100 toward the side of the special-shaped metal part.

[0052] When this solution is used to clamp special-shaped metal parts, the following steps are included:

[0053] S1: Initial preparation stage

[0054] Mechanism installation: Fix the entire mechanism to the preset position of the processing table by clamping the mounting hole 201c of the U-shaped seat in the drive unit 200, ensuring that the opening of the U-shaped seat 201 faces the special-shaped metal part to be processed;

[0055] Parameter adjustment: According to the size and shape of the metal part, adjust the number of positioning units 100 (n units are spaced apart in the left and right directions) and the spacing between adjacent positioning units 100 (achieved by sliding the linkage block 204 on the rectangular rod 202b) to ensure that the coverage of the positioning units 100 matches the clamping requirements of the metal part;

[0056] Initial state: the positioning column 102 of the positioning unit 100 is in a naturally extended state, and the adjustment rod 103 is in an unlocked state (the rectangular block is separated from the slot 102c); the U-shaped frame 202 of the clamping drive unit 200 is located at the rear end of the U-shaped seat 201, maintaining a safe distance from the metal parts.

[0057] S2: Clamping drive stage (positioning unit 100 approaches the workpiece)

[0058] Start driving: operate the linear drive of the clamping drive unit 200 (such as the rotating handle of the rotating screw column 203), and the screw column 203 is pushed forward along the axis through the screw cooperation with the rear end fixed plate 201a of the U-shaped seat 201;

[0059] Guided movement: the screw column 203 pushes the U-shaped frame 202 to move forward, and the sliding blocks 202a-1 at both ends of the U-shaped frame 202 slide synchronously along the sliding grooves 201b on the top surface of the U-shaped seat 201 (the gap cooperation between the sliding blocks 202a-1 and the sliding grooves 201b ensures the accuracy of the moving direction, only along the forward and backward direction close to the workpiece);

[0060] Unit linkage: the U-shaped frame drives all the positioning units 100 connected above to move close to the metal piece as a whole until the positioning columns 102 at the front end of the positioning units 100 contact the surface of the metal piece.

[0061] S3: adaptive fitting stage (positioning unit 100 matching workpiece profile)

[0062] Elastic stretching: after the positioning column 102 contacts the metal piece, due to the irregular profile of the metal piece (such as curved surface, step, groove), the positioning columns 102 at different positions are squeezed to different degrees:

[0063] The protruding parts of the metal piece will push the corresponding positioning columns 102 to shrink backward, compressing the first elastic return member 102b inside, and the positioning columns 102 at the recessed parts of the metal piece remain in the elongated state (or slightly shrink), and are always in contact with the surface of the metal piece through the elastic force of the first elastic return member 102b;

[0064] Dynamic balance: continuously drive the positioning unit 100 to move until all the positioning columns 102 are in close contact with the surface of the metal piece (the elastic force of the first elastic return member 102b and the reaction force of the metal piece reach balance), forming a "multi-point wrapping type" fitting, completely adapting to the special-shaped profile.

[0065] S4: locking stage (positioning state locking)

[0066] Synchronous locking: when the positioning column 102 is fitted in place, operate the adjusting rod 103:

[0067] Manual mode: move the connecting block 103b downward, drive the adjusting rod 103 on both sides of the positioning column 102 to move downward synchronously, and make the rectangular clamping block on the adjusting rod 103 clamped into the isosceles trapezoidal clamping groove 102c on the side wall of the positioning column 102 (the distance between adjacent clamping grooves 102c is ≤1mm, to ensure the locking accuracy);

[0068] Automatic mode (such as another way in the embodiment): the electromagnetic block 101d is powered to attract the connecting block 103b to move downward, and the rectangular clamping block is automatically clamped into the clamping groove 102c to realize locking;

[0069] Rigid fixation: The wedge-shaped cooperation between the rectangular clamping block and the clamping slot 102c forms a self-locking effect, which limits the telescopic state of the positioning column 102, transforming "dynamic self-adaptation" into "static rigid clamping" to prevent the workpiece from loosening during processing;

[0070] S5: Then, the special-shaped metal parts are processed accordingly.

[0071] S6: After the processing is completed, release the workpiece. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0072] S6.1 Unlocking Operation: This unlocking operation has manual mode and automatic mode, as follows:

[0073] In manual mode, the connecting block 103b is moved upward, the rectangular block is separated from the slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is unlocked;

[0074] In the automatic mode, the electromagnetic block 101d is powered off, the second elastic reset member 101c-1 pushes the connecting block 103b upward, the rectangular block disengages from the slot 102c, and the positioning column 102 is unlocked;

[0075] S6.2 After the unlocking operation is completed, reverse driving is performed: the screw column 203 is rotated in the reverse direction to drive the U-shaped frame and the positioning unit 100 to move backward along the sliding groove 201b. The positioning column 102 is extended under the reset force of the second elastic reset member 101c-1 and separated from the surface of the metal part.

[0076] S6.3 Reset completed: The positioning unit 100 returns to the initial position, the processed metal part is removed, and the entire clamping process is completed.

[0077] In addition, it should be noted that the components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0078] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the application shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review the present disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described herein. For example, elements shown as integrally formed can be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements can be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of elements can be altered or varied. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but includes all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0079] Also, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of the actual implementation can not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the application, or those unrelated to enabling the claimed application).

[0080] The above merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not to be taken in a limiting sense but are made for illustrating only. All modifications, equivalent replacement, improvements, and etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the present application.

[0081] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism for processing special-shaped metal parts, characterized in that: The positioning unit (100) is arranged at intervals along the workpiece clamping direction, the clamping driving unit (200) is connected with the positioning unit (100) and is used for driving the positioning unit (100) to move to the workpiece side to realize clamping, the positioning unit (100) has a positioning column (102) which can be self-adapted to stretch and retract along the workpiece contour and an adjusting rod (103) used for locking the stretching and retracting state of the positioning column (102); The clamping driving unit (200) comprises a U-shaped seat (201), a U-shaped frame (202) connected with the positioning unit (100) and a linear driving piece used for driving the U-shaped frame (202) to move along the direction close to or away from the workpiece; A plurality of clamping grooves (102c) are arranged at intervals along the stretching and retracting direction on the side wall of the positioning column (102), and the adjusting rod (103) is provided with a clamping part (103a) matched with the clamping grooves (102c) on the side close to the positioning column (102); The adjusting rod (103) is movably connected with the outer protective box (101), the clamping part (103a) is clamped or separated from the clamping grooves (102c) by moving the adjusting rod (103), so that the locking or unlocking of the stretching and retracting state of the positioning column (102) is realized; The horizontal section of the clamping groove (102c) is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid faces the side of the adjusting rod (103), and the distance between adjacent clamping grooves (102c) is less than or equal to 1mm; The clamping part (103a) is a rectangular clamping block matched with the clamping grooves (102c), and a plurality of rectangular clamping blocks corresponding to the number of the positioning columns (102) are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the same adjusting rod (103); The positioning unit (100) further comprises an outer protective box (101), a plurality of positioning columns (102) are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the outer protective box (101), a first elastic reset member (102b) is arranged in the positioning column (102), one end of the first elastic reset member (102b) is connected with the positioning column (102), and the other end is fixed with the inner wall of the outer protective box (101), so as to drive the positioning column (102) to elastically stretch and retract along the direction close to the workpiece; The adjusting rods (103) are respectively arranged on the two sides of the positioning column (102), and the top of the adjusting rod (103) is fixedly connected with the same connecting block (103b).

2. The irregular metal piece processing clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning column (102) is provided with a convex groove (102a) with an open rear end, the first elastic reset member (102b) is arranged in the convex groove (102a), the inner wall of the outer protective box (101) is fixedly provided with a T-shaped rod (101b), the T-shaped rod (101b) is slidably arranged in the convex groove (102a) and abuts against the end of the first elastic reset member (102b) away from the workpiece, so as to drive the positioning column (102) to reset by the elastic force of the first elastic reset member (102b).

3. The irregular metal piece processing clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting rod (103) is connected with an automatic driving member, the automatic driving member comprises an electromagnetic block (101d) arranged at the top of the outer protective box (101), a guide column (101c) penetrating through the connecting block (103b) at the top of the adjusting rod (103), and a second elastic reset member (101c-1) sleeved on the guide column (101c); The electromagnetic block (101d) is located below the connecting block (103b), when electrified, the connecting block (103b) is adsorbed to drive the adjusting rod (103) to move downward to make the clamping part (103a) and the clamping groove (102c) clamped, when de-energized, the second elastic reset member (101c-1) drives the adjusting rod (103) to move upward to make the clamping part (103a) and the clamping groove (102c) separated.

4. The irregular metal piece processing clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the clamping driving unit (200), the opening of the U-shaped seat (201) faces the workpiece, the U-shaped frame (202) is matched with the U-shaped seat (201), and sliding guide structures are arranged between the two ends of the U-shaped frame (202) and the U-shaped seat (201); The sliding guide structure comprises a sliding block (202a-1) arranged at the end of the U-shaped frame (202) and a sliding groove (201b) arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat (201) and extending in the direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece, and the sliding block (202a-1) and the sliding groove (201b) are matched in clearance to realize guiding.

5. The irregular metal piece processing clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of positioning units (100) are connected through a spacing adjusting assembly, the spacing adjusting assembly comprises a guide rod (202b-1) and a rectangular rod (202b) connected with the U-shaped frame (202) of the clamping driving unit (200), a linkage block (204) penetrating through the guide rod (202b-1) and the rectangular rod (202b), and a locking member (204b-1) for locking the position of the linkage block (204), the linkage block (204) is fixedly connected with the outer protective box (101) of the positioning unit (100), the spacing between adjacent positioning units (100) is adjusted by sliding the linkage block (204), and then fixed by the locking member (204b-1).

6. The irregularly shaped metal piece processing clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear driving member comprises a fixed plate (201a) fixed to the rear end of the U-shaped seat (201), a screw column (203) screw-coupled with the fixed plate (201a), and a driving part (203a) arranged at one end of the screw column (203), one end of the screw column (203) away from the driving part (203a) is rotationally connected with the U-shaped frame (202), the U-shaped frame (202) is moved along the sliding guide structure by rotating the driving part (203a) to drive the screw column (203) to rotate.

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